Evening Star Newspaper, January 31, 1932, Page 27

THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JANUARY 31, 1932—PART DRUMMOND’S SUCCESSOR WILL HAVE MANY BOSSES League of Nations Secretary Also Enjoys Many Privileges, Pays No Taxes and Travels Much. BY EDWARD ANGLY. of the British forclgm secretary, With 3en. Smuts, Col. ouse and others he N the twenty-eighth day of | ,ved in the inner circle of those de- April in 1919 Woodrow Wilson | yoted to Mr. Wilson's vision of a league, rose from his chalr at alanq when the covenant was drawn up, plenary session of the peace |rinneq to pieces and patched together confcrence in Paris and moved | 4gain and the time had come to name that the covenant of the League of | ome ‘one for the job of actually run- Nations be adopted. Looking through fning the new machine from day to day, his pince-nez at Georges Clemenceau, | ji was Sir Eric whom Wilson proposed the graying gentleman from the White | for the job House said e “You will notice, Mr. President, that | Uses Own Funds to Pay Salaries. Immediately th¢ covenant w the covenant provides that the first | secretary general shall be chosen by adopted the quiet, industrious Scotsman this conference. I move, therefore, |buckled down to work. Waiting for the that the first secretary gent 1 of the |little matter of dues to be fixed and Council shall be the Hon. Sir James |then collected from the various mem- Eric Drummond.” ber nations would have meant a delay covenant was of months. Sir Eric went ahead and mous vote and the Hon. Sir rounded up the nucleus of a secretariat Eric Drummond, W Lord 'and then fished into his own private funds to advance them their first salary adopted by a Louisiana’s “Dynamic” Senator ') A Born Politician, Huey P. Long, Who Rose From Barefoot Farmer Boy to Senate, Knows No Defeat. o W d called “the perfect secre- given the job of nursing |checks and to pay for needed office the new-born League of Nations space. The League is now & strapping| On the back of ag envelope at Ver- youngster, approaching its thurteenth | sailles he had sketched a plan of a pre- birthday, not strong enough haps, | liminary organization. It was the foun- to separate a pair of scrapping adults [dation on which was built, very Jargely such as China and Japan, but apable out of his own ideas, suggestions and of making the little fellows in the ' recommendations, the structure which Balkans quit tantalizing one another Geneva knows today as the secretariat on occasion and very good under Sir| A week after the covenant was adopted Eric’s tutelage at arithmetic, lan- the fi meeting was held in Paris. A guages, deportment and _especially | few months later the League was estab- elocution. Sir Eric has decided to give '} hed on the shore of Lake Gergva in fip his job. He submitted his resigna- |a hotel which had been purchised to tion last week, expressing a willing- | house the growing battalion of secreta- | ness to keep his nose to the grindstone |ries, translators, investigators, fledgling for a while longer until a success is ' diplomats and stenographers, all dedi- e » cated to the task of trying to persuade seec nations to keep their noses out of their Privileges Afforded by Position. neighbors' troughs and of carrying on 00d_position | @ Propaganda to induce alienated peo- o e e Sood ples o love their neighbors as them- open now in Geneva. It payvs aboul |geives The League, as Sir Eric con- $35.000 a vear, with an extra 85000 | ;.4 it duty, would seek to “enlighten, for house rent and entertainment ex- [ (TG e GO Y O e compo- penses. The man who gets it Will en- [ nent parts of a world given to occa- joy extraterritorial privileges, a_Wttle gona) garring and incessant wrangling. King in his own castle, and he will not have to pay taxes either in his own First Dispute Brought to League. country or in Switzerland or in any ',‘( He has had plenty of obstacles, scores the 50-odd other countries that help | of opportunities to try to bring sweet to pay his salary contentment peacefully out of squabbles He meet a great many interest- | aerocs frontiers. The League had hard- ing people—scads of foreign ministers. | 1y got down to business when Lithuania whole armies of ambassadors. multi- | complained that Poland had walked in es of minor envoys, now and then & | a4 stolen her capital, Vilna. The big- | resident, a prince or a king. He W wigs of the League got together and e a marvelous opportunity to brush | instructed Sir Eric to speak to the Poles up on all sorts of foreign languages about He did. That was one dis- On the other hand will have & | pyte that has not yet ended. Poland great many bosses, more than 50 Of | still has Vilna and the Lithuanian-Pol- the ach one a sovereign state With s frontier is closed as tight as a Pull- its own ax to grind. And he will have | jpan window to pretty cc pe a pretty main fent — ooz ir Eric has seen many other League fon with all of them and keep | fajy in the peacemaking art and | informed o eir fnances, | also a number of successery In the eco- aments, their transit facilities : field it helped to brng about tha Tlectual activities and in- restoration of Austria and | time about their It helped smooth out a dis- will also have to travel between Bolivia and Paraguay to smooth out little diffi- | three years ago, and several years be- oL een the meetings of the |fore t hen a couple of Balkan coun- two di te boards—one called the | tries were bandying threats about Sir Assembly, the other the Council Er { up in the middle (A( the night, | g called London and Paris and other cities | Sir Eric Success as Secretary. where the members of the Leaguc’s ctors | Council lived and within a few hou be | they had the situation calmed dowr S On the other side of medal was the ad- | their inability to persuade Italy that ip- |1 had no business lambasting Corfu and age, too. Should a mem- | Hungary's defiance when they warned dues, it will be up to | her that she was not supposed to smug- general to dun him and | gle arms into her contracted boundaries. in a manner soft and suave. | More recently Sir Eric has not succeed- o Assembly sits, or the Council, | ed in making Japan come around to the general must always be | League's point of view of the Manchu- e left ear of the learned |rian situation - gentlemen Wwho is pre- | But that probably has not cost Sir for the first time. And | Eric his sleep. He is a philosophic man be the general |and he has never prcphesied, as many etariat of | have done, that the League would soon of some | be able to put an end to all fighting be- dled to- | tween peoples. No, he said the purpose over their of the League was to stop fighting be- ir books | tween peoples, “as much as possible ng and | and to bring belligerent parties togeths nguages. | to talk over the issues in dispute. o is less | Among other annoying aspects of his gener job, no doubt, have been the occasional | about | poutings of the League members over out | their positions at the Geneva table has | Brazil withdrew from the League in a huff in 1926. Argentina abstained from jcining. Spain once put in her resigna- tion because she was not given a per- manent seat with the big fellows on the Council. Tours South Amei:ca. A little more than a year ago, hope- ful of getting South American’ coun- tries into a better humor and under- standing in Tegard to the League, Sir| Eric made a tour of that continent. He visited half a dozen capitals and talked I'to the heads of the various govern- ments. On the way back to his desk he stopped in New York, but only for a few hours, between ships Upon his return to Geneva it was announced that he had been awarded the 1931 Wateler Peace Prize of about $10,000 for his “valuable services in the cause of the organization of the com- He When a maj one of the the man who gets d have to write message, and ‘n mighty Jomatic langu hotel writers, t thi; an 20 tary ct would fall. It wherever one roams ling and disputatious | world, that Sir Er made & success of it 3 He is a Scot of aristocratic lineage i distinguished appearance, a man of medium height, always well groomed. His mustache is neatiy trimmed, his eyes have a humorous sort of spa about them, and he has a knack for putting himself in the other fellow’s place and understanding the other fel- low's point of view, whether he be a prince or a pleb, a Persian, a Pata- gonian or a Portuguese. For 30 vears he has been a secretary in diplo- matic fields, always listening to other people make speeches, abhorring the rare occasions when he’ himself was obliged to address an audience. He is of modest mien, and his demeanor is etimes seemingly shy. S ingly but not actually so. That is one of the arts of the Scot History munity of naticns.” Sir Eric took the : edit let the cash go. He sug- Scottish blood flows back | gested to the Carnegie Foundation, e a few centuries ° IS | which put up the money for the prize, a son of the tenth Vis- |ty hand the sum over to some organi- His half-brother, by | zation engaged in_ furthering the ideals his father's first marriage, succeeded 10 | of the League. His prize money was the title of Earl of Perth. and, as the | then given to the International Fed- earl is unmarried, Sir Eric is the heir | eration of League of Nations Associa- presu to the earldom and the |tions in Brussels family estate of some 7,000 acres. These are the phases of Sir Eric's job The family of Drummond that have produced newspaper copy. founded at the time of William But the task has many other angles onqueror by Maurice, a Hungar that attract less notice. In the League bleman. It was Maurice who guided | Secretariat there are major divi- sdgar Atheling's ship to safety at St.|gions, financial and administrative Margaret'’s Hope when that princeling | commissions, commissions on minori- hot-footed it out of the wav of the|ijes on the workings of international Norman CONQUETor. Annabella, 2 law, the limitation of armaments, daughter of one of Sir EFic’s ancestors, | transit, health, social work and intel. was the consort of King Robert III of |jectyal co-operation. An entirely new Scotland, and through her descendants | machine for international collaboration the Drummond blood was transmitted | and consultation has been constructed to royal houses in England, France, |at Geneva, in which Sir Eric helped Italy, Spain and various other coun- |design as well as steer. S, Scandinavian, 2 " tries, including the St Successor to Have Simpler Task. Eric Drummond. not then a knight, | married, in 1904, the Honorable Angela Whoever gets his job will have to be Mary Constable Maxwell, _second | approved by three-fourths of the mem- daughter of the eleventh Baron Herries, | ber nations. That is provided for in. a brother of the Duchess of Norfolk.|the covenant of the League. Naturally, Already Mr. Drummond had taken up | each nation will have a favorite son to his career as a secretary. He had pol- | begin with. Britain would like to see ixhed off an Eton education with travel | another Briton at the post, France on the Continent when he entered the | would prefer a Frenchman, and so on. Foreign Office in London in 1900 Sir Eric, if he retires definitely from at 24 work, goes equipped with plenty of A 5 hobbies to occupy his time, He is a Held Several Foreign Office Posts. | . ;ctant and steady, though not a bril studious | liant, golfer. He occasionally plays tennis and enjoys bridge. Like so many other prominent men, he is a detective story fan. But he may not intend to retire from the diplomatic stage. There have been occasional reports that he would like to be British Ambassador to Washington Thanks, partly to his own achieve- ments, the man who gets his job in Geneva will probably have an easier a his private sccretary. In 1915 row to hoe than Sir Eric has trudged cceeded Sir William Tyrrel as|these 13 years. Progress, he has e secretary to £ Edward G said, has been made by the League to statesman was secretary for |such a degree that he is convinced soreign affairs. Later he was taken |that in the job of being secretary gen- -ander Balfour’s wing |eral the first ten years were the In 1917, when one of Britain's first & hardest. moves upon America’s entry into the | war was to send a mission to th country headed by Balfour, Sir Eric Family Recalled. Eric h g old sir thre count Strathallan. was the an q He was slender, polished, and precise and had other qualities to help a junior clerk up the Foreign Of- fice ladder, social position being not the st of these. In 1906 the then Hon. Mr. Drummond was appointed secretary to the undersecretary irs, a post which he re- ned f veral years. In 1912 Her- Asquith, who was then Prime ter, selected the prcmising precis- Three Wheat Provinces Y R Te w8 ¥ OW ES E v W %R U W7 S we ¥x W WE wR TE T e Harris-Ewing Photo. PORTRAIT OF SENATOR LONG. * LATEST BY CLARKE SALMON, HE word “dynamic” is not new, = we {ing.” | haps, ma | South's leading political figure, but h and perhaps it worked a little bit of late has been over- | But it might have been coin- | d expressedly to fit the ardent, eager, casionally violent, temperament of the new 39-vear-old Senator from Louisiana, Huey P. Long. The - isiana Governor, who was sworn in as a United States Senator last Monday, after declining the issue for some mor in order to remain in the State to see his candidates and | the as through, lives up to world “dynamic” d dictionaries. ybody in the country read a great deal about They have heard how - commander of the Em- battleship on a friendly pajamas and later apolo- borrowed formal suit, and eard how he started that roversy about ‘‘dunk ise they have heard, per another story about t his program meanings of the found in stanc Probably has heard Huey P. Lc he receive den, Gerr tour, in his gized in & they hav Nation-wi Likev " they heard Carried Out Pledges. That Huey P. Long carried out his pre-election program to the dot. He said he would provide free school books for school childr He said he would build good roads— and he did He said he would build up the busi- ness of the port of New Orleans— and he did that He was elected upon his campaign promises to a four-year term as Gov- ernor, and not even his enemies assert that he has failed to carry out those promises in the main But perhaps one of the most astound- ing achievements of Senator Long's career in Louisiana came when his forces amalgamated with the city politi- NEW REGIME ' FACES RECOG Establishment of vi n—and he did. | | UNUSUAL LOUISIANA STATE cal faction which had opposed Long in his campaign for United States Sen- ator, joining hands for the candidate, O. K.” Allen, that Long had picked to succeed himself as Governor, The City of New Orleans was In financial straits. Long wanted his high- way bond issue supported by the regy or Democratic party of New Orlean which had opposed him in the sena torial race. He arranged a conference He agreed to financial aid for the city, more city paving, the financing of the public belt bridge. across the Mississippi | River just above the city, if the city political leaders, business men and bankers would join with him for the im- provement of State roads and agree not to harass his candidate in the coming gubernatorial campaign. River to Be Bridged. As a result the long-sought-for and eagerly awaited bridging of the Missis- sippi River in New Orleans looms as & near-future possibility. Bond issues he been arranged and they await only an upward trend in the bond mar- ket, and then that bridge will be an actuality That is just a little bit about what the new Senator from Louisiana did as Governor. But in doing it he has made his enemies. Two former Governor: IN SALVADOR NITION FIGHT lartial Law by Pro- onal Government Reveals Seri- ousness of Political Situation. BY GASTON NERVAL. HE establishment of ‘“martial law” throughout the country by the provisional government of El salvador and the Commu- nistic uprising of last week give an indication of the seriousness of the political situation in that Central American state. The martial law, or “state of siege,” as it is called the Latin republics, was decreed by the Salvadorean author- ities to avoid further Communistic dis- orders. When the present temporary government of Salvador was trying to convey abroad the idea that it had un- contested popular support at home, the recourse to martial law will inevitibly weaken its argument for international recognition. Besides, if I remember well, the charge that Presid Araujo had maintained the country for several months in a “state of siege” was pre- cisely one of the reasons given by the present authorities to overthrow regime last December. Does this latest step of the Salvadorean rulers mean that the situation has not changed with the change of government? Prediction Recalled. Only a few weeks ago, when the “coup’ d'etat,” executed by a group of young army officers, brought to an abrupt end the short rule of Constitu- tional President Araujo, I said the fnl-‘ Jowing: “The assumption of the reinsc of government by Vice President Mar- tinez, after the expulsion of President Araujo, has not ended the trouble. Perhaps it has only started it, b cause it has brought azain to power the military clique which had for many vears been absent from Salvadorean politics. Besides, considerations of an international character, government _as it is now established, and this will only contribute to com- plicate the problem.” While domestic unrest seems to be confirming this prediction, the com- ing meeting of the National Assembly, recently elected, adds interest to the question of the iegal status of the pres- ent government. The various ways which may be followed to solve the problem created by the non-recognition provisions of the 1923 treaty are being eagerly discussed The fact that the members of the new Assembly were clected without de- liberation soon after the completion of the coup d'etat, and with the support of the newly established authorities, will perhaps impair the confidence in the right of the Assembly, in the eyes of foreign opinion, to pass upon the present order of things. Apprehension Grows. ‘Besides, the presence of several pow- erful military leaders in the temporary he had been knighted the year before —came along as a member of the mis- sion. At the White House President Wilson broached his League of Na- tions dream to Mr. Balfour. The Brit- 4sh statesman asked the President to Canada’s three great wheat-growing explain it further to his secretary. It province. —Manitoba, Saskatchewan and was thus that the acquaintar were 2,348,619 when the de-! Woodrow Wilson and Sir Ja 1 census was taken last Juno by Drummond had its inception and t the Canadian government. The gein that the latter's preparation began for made ce the previous census of 1921 the task he is now about to relinquish | is 392.537. 2 : He liked the idea of a League of Na- Manitoba is credited with a popula- tions and revealed his enthusiasm to tion of 699,841, a gain in 10 years of the American President. Mr. Wilson 89,723: Saskatchewan with 921,281, n' liked that, and he did not forget it.|gain of 163,771, and Alberta with 727,- Two years later when he was in Paris | 497, an increase of 139,043. and Versailles at the head of the peace | is the largest city on the prairies, with a delegation frem the United States Sir | population of 217,857, while Calgary, Eric was there as the private secretary Alberta, is next with 83,362, [ Show Gain in Population | R, | OTTAWA, Ont—The population of government now in_control—and the circumstance that the army played a prominent role in the overthrow of the Araujo regime—add to the apprehen- Slons of those who fear that the mili- tary will influence the course of events. Relatively speaking, Szlvador has the largest army in Latin America. In proportion to its size, it has a percent- age of nearly 9 cnlisted men, includ- | ing reserves, for each 100 inhabitants. | U | Probably it is this strong army that | juds has given Salvador greater stability than her neighbors. Until the ousting of President Araujo Winnipeg two months ago, no government had been overthrown by ,force in that country for the lasi three decades. But Jjust as the army was a decisive factor his | derived from | the Washington treaty of 1923, prevent | the recognition of the new Salvadorean | |in preserving internal order while it remained on the side of the constitu- tional government, now that it has taken over the government itself it may be difficult to avoid its direct par- ticipation in the solution of the present crisis, How decisive this influence will finally prove and how impartial a judg- ment may be expected from the newly elected National Assembly will be only known after this has met. At any rate, the convening of the Assembly to decide upon the issues at stake is the only way indicated by the constitution to procure the establishment of a new legal regime. Recognition Problem. Thus its approaching inauguration brings forth to the limelight the prob- lem of recognition, the major difficulty in the Salvadorean political tangle. Leaving aside the moral considera- fice to condemn the presence of Gen. Martinez in the presidency. there are specific legal obstacles which prevent his_recognition There is a Central American treaty which formally prevents the recogni- tion of any regime established by vio- lence in any one of the Central Ameri- can republics. This same treaty, which |is the Washington treaty of 1923, pro- vides that none of the leaders of the revolt nor their relatives and no one having had a post in the cabinet of the deposed President within a period of six months previous to the rebellion can be recognized as head of the new government after this has been legal- ized by constitutional means. In other words, all those having had a part in the revolution or having served in the cabinet of the ousted President are barred not only from be- ing recognized as prov but also from intervening as candidates in the presidential elections which may follow a coup d'etat. Leaders of Revolt. Gen. Martinez's rule comes under both. objections. He was both a leader member of President Until a few days be- stoutly—and a Araujo’s cabinet | fore the armed forces overthrew Presi- | dent Araujo, Gen. Martinez was his | minister of war. Therefore, in rpite of the fact that he was also the elected vice president of the country and thus, | according to the Salvadorean consti- tution, entitled to succeed Araujo, Gen. Martinez has been denied recognition |by all the Central American govern- | ments, in view of the specific provi- sions of the 1923 treaty. The United States is not a party to this treaty, but having promoted it, it has formally announced that its policy toward Central American governments | will follow that laid down by the treaty. |, Accordingly the State Department has |'denied recognition to Gen. Martinez | “'To the strictly legal objection pro- vided by the Washington treaty, others of a moral nature would have to be added if one would undertake to dis- cuss the origin and possible justifica- tions of the armed movement which | put Martinez in power;: the attitude of the young army officers who sat as s of the constitutional govern- | ment; the alleged—but in fact imposed | —‘abandonment” of the presidency by | Araujo; the responsibility which Gen. | Martinez_must logically have shared with ex-President Araujo and his col- | league in the administration just over- | (Continued on Sixth Page.) ] tions involved, which alone would suf-| fonal executives, | of the revolt—although he denies this | % VGRS GG B BINEE I our | Fe ue wR 6w R UK W W W W w a we WSRO W GE W Ye W R e CAPITOL AT BATON ROUGE. John M. Parker and J. Y. Sanders, are among them Former Gov. Parker took the radio stump against Long in the recent cam- paign, when the Governor was speaking istily in behalf of his candidate for Governor and other State officers, and | excoriated Long The Lieutenant Governor, elected on the same ticket with Long, Dr. Paul N. Cyr, broke with his chief, and after Long had been elected United States Senator, finally declared that Long could not hold both offices, took the oath as Governor himself and filed a suit to ofist the Governor from office That suit was thrown out of court by a Supreme Court decision. But to get back to the man himself He might be called chubby in build he’s not tall. Recently he's gone in for &0lf to keep himself in trim. He dresses nattily and affects a cane. Hes a blonde, almost auburn, and has wavy— perhaps you'd call it curly—hair. Maybe voud say his complexion was a little pink, too Under 40 Years of Age. Huey P. Long (the middle initial stands for “Plerce,” he says) was born August 30, 1893, so he will be one United States Senator under 40 years of age. This natal day occurred on his Mrs. Bayly Traces Growth of Organiza- BY MARY KUHNS BAYLY, Honorary Prssident of the Young Women's Chrisiian Assoclation (Active President 1007-1921) WHITE HOUSE conference in 1907 attended by 125 prominent women of the Capital, upon in- vitation of President Theodore Roosevelt, who addressed them earnestly upon the value and impor- tance of the recently established Young ‘Women's Christian sociation in the District_of Columbia, and then asked them what he personally could do ‘“to help the girls,” was the real beginning of the success of the local association. Just prior to 1907 the lunching of the work in Washington was made pos- | sible through the generosity of two well | known New York women—Mrs. J. Fin- ley Shepherd, who at the time was Miss Helen Gould, and Miss Grace Dodge. the then president of the national board, the former assuming the first year's rent of a building at the corner of Twelfth and F streets, and the latter | paying the salary of a general secre- tary of the new organization. One of Washington's distinguished citizens, the late A. M. Lothrop, paid the rent cf the | “headquarters” for -the second year. | Then, in December, 1907, just as the | new year was coming in, "this young | Y. W.C. A. had the distinction of open- |ing the first cafeteria ever operated in this city. Located at 636 E street northwest, it was a success from the start, and gained many friends and supporters among all groups of people in the city. Vice President Aids Drive. Some six years later, following the lead of President Roosevelt, Vice Pres] dent Thomas R. Marshall became keenly her he would like to address a mass meeting some Sunday afternoon in be- half of the work here. The mass meet- ing was held in the Belasco Theater. The Vice President addressed a capacity audience, and again the Y. W. C. A, profited by such distinguished publicity’ ‘There are other striking instances of the confidence that high officials of the organization. Soon after the entrance of our country into the World War, Sec- retary of War Newton D. Baker and sent for me and told me the Govern- ment would shortly be calling hundreds of girls from all over the country to aid in the war work in the Capital City. They said they looked to the Young Women's Christian Association to take care of that difficult situation, and definitely asked us to see that the girls were properly housed upon their arrival in the city. we felt we must meet it, and I think we did. Churches Make Appeal. | Every appointment made by the | Gt asking the girls, upon arrival in the | city, to go at once to the Y. W. C. A,, | where they would be assigned to suit- | able rooms. At the same time, through the churches of the city, an appeal was made to people to register with | the association every available room; | and we soon had desirable homes for the oncoming rush of the hundreds of | girls. Not only were the girls taken care of upen arrival, but many anxious parents who had viewed with grave apprehension the welfare of their | daughters in Washington during the SUCCESS OF Y. TO ROOSEVELT'S EFFORTS tion Since White House Conference, Held in 1907. interested in the work, and, sending for | Mrs. Bayly, who at that time was presi- | dent of the board of directors, he told | Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels | It wes a tremendous challenge, but ' overnment contained a printed card | ON THE SIDELINES AT A LOUIS. TIANA STATE UNIVERSITY FOOT BALL GAME. father's farm in Winn Parish, which is Northern Louisiana. Senator Long can remember setting out sweet potato slips on that farm when he was a barefoot |boy of 7. But he cut and hauled wood |and then he sold it in Winnfield, his | nearest town. It was then that Louisi- |ana came nearly being deprived of a future Governor and the United States of a future Senator, for a mule team he was driving ran away and the small boy narrowly escaped death Huey Pierce Long did some other things on that farm before he grew up. He did a little swapping of horses and he hunted a bit, and then read. He knows the Bible today, away back from those boyish days of reading, and he read Shakespeare and Victor Hugo and Addison. In fact, Huey Long read probably whatever he could get his eager eyes on. And after that he came irto a “position” as a book salesman He was 13 then and sold books around \the parish from a wagon. History does not relate whether or not this was a successful venture, but at any rate the young Long got hinself a job in a printing office and started on the task ot learning to set type. He was 16 when he got a job on a newspaper, going to school in’ between times. Then he got a job as a sales- man. That was selling soap products from_door to door and Senator Long once said that he thought he had knocked on most of the doors in Louis- iana during that experfence. But the sideline which he carried, cettelene, did him a good tum. Meets Future Wife. There was a cake baking contest | staged by the cettelene people, and, of course, the potential Governor and Sen- ator had something to do with it. And as it turned out, he had plenty Miss Rose McConnell of Shreveport was the prize cake baker of that city and Huey Long gave her the prize. Two years later they were married, when he was (Continued on Sixth Page.) W. C. A. LAID | excitement of the war days were re- lieved. It is a matter of local and naticnal history that the Young | Women's Christian Association han- dled this situation for the Government until the hotels were built near the Capitol. The local press gave definite help in the matter of publicity, and The Eve- ning Star sent one of its young jour- nalists to cover the activities of the Y. W. C. A. The story in The Evening Star brought fresh interest and en- thusiasm in the work, and unsolicited gifts began to come in to the local | board. which was having a heavy struggle to make both ends meet. Aided by Helen Hughes. About that time Miss Helen Hughes. | young . daughter of our present Chief | Justice, Charles Evans Hughes, had just been graduated from Vassar. She asked to become a volunteer worker in the Washington association, It so happened also that at that time the National Board of the Young Women's Christian Association wanted the asso- | ciation here to initiate the formation of clubs among the ‘“teen-age” school | girls, Miss Hughes became chairman of the new department and the new work. She gave undying inspiration for the marvelous success of the Girl | Reserves and left the association a | splendid heritage in the Girl Reserves' | present director, Mabel R. Cook, who | has “carried on” since that time, al- though when the work was started Mabel was one of the youngest grade- school girls in the group receiving its initial enthusiasm from Helen Hughes Many gifts of money and property, always unsolicited, have been received from time to time, toward the work of the Y. W. C. A. in Washington The first was an &cre of land given by a prominent Washingtonian, Dr. Joseph Taber Johnson, at Cherrydale, Va., upon which Vacation Lodge was erected in 1910, through the efforts of the Indoor-Outdoor Club. Later, also through the interest of the Indoor- Outdoor Club_and further gifts of land from Dr. Johnson, the property was increased and the house greatly en- larged, so that last year hundreds of business and professional women found refuge there from the torrid heat of the city during the Summer, $110,000 Raised in Drive. In 1913 the Y. W. C. A, launched the first “whirlwind campaign” ever put on in Washington, realizing $110,000 to purchase the site for a permanent building. The initial gift was a check for $10,000 from John S. Scully, then chairman of our trustees, followed by like amounts from E. B. Grandin, S. W. Woodward and Miss Grace Dodge. A lot at Thirteenth and Eye streets | was first obtained, but before plans could be completed the war clouds arose in Europe and we had to postpone building operations. One of the most important contributions to the progress of the “Y. W.” was the purchase of the old Mount Vernon Seminary, at Eleventh and M streets, to be used as a boarding home for girls, made possible by the generosity of Mrs. Elizabeth Somers in accepting a minimum price for this valuable property. Opening the doors of the Elizabeth Somers, in August, of that year, it BRITAI TWO. : ; S FIRM POLICY SEEN HOLDBACK IN INDIA. Difficulties of London Conference Re- viewed, With Plea to Speedy Nore—Dr. D. S. Ramachandra Rao, member of the All-India Congress Com- mittee and general friend of Mahatma Gandhi, who is now tn this country, has written’ the following article giving his views on the present situation in India. RAMACHANDRA RAO, M. A. M. D. T is generally believed in this coun- try that the Round Table Confer- ence in London failed because of the lack of unity and co-ordination between the Hindu and the Mo- hammedan. But that was not the only factor that contributed to the break- down of the negotiations; there were other far more important causes that helped to bring about the unhappy re- sult. The way in which the round table was constituted and the attitude of the Tery party in England toward the final solution of the problem were more or less responsible for it. BY D. 8. Mohammedans enjoy two great privi- leSes (1) Communal electorates: they are elected by their own co-religionists to the provincial and the All-India leg- islative bodies in the country; (2) Pref- @ >ntial treatment with regard to the offices, both high and low, held under the government. Just before Mr. Gandhi went over to London the Mcslem leaders approached him and asked him whether he would and continued in the future constitu- tion of India. Mr. Gandhi promised to consider the proposition as favorably as he could if they would give him their minimum terms for co-operation. The Moslem leaders then met under the Under the British rule in India the | help to have their privileges stereotyped | for “Human Right Freedom.” be effected. In other words, India should be free from all safeguards in the course of the next 5 or 10 years. Was Britain really prepared to give India freedom to manage her own af- fairs according to her lights in the very near future? That was the question of | questions that Gandhi came over to ask and arrive at a settlement with the British government, but not to waste time over the details, the discussions over which would sidetrack rather than help to clinch the issue. Mr. Gandhi was well aware that the minorities in India presented prob- |lems. He was in sympathy with their legitimate claims and would go a long | way to satisfy them. But he was anx- fous that their problems be threshed | out in India, for they were all domestic | questions. For in India it would be | possible to secure better representatives of the minorities to deal with. They would be free from the peculiar influ- | ences of the social and political at- mosphere of London. Again in India, the delegates would be subjected to | the healthful influence of Indian puo- |lic opinion. For the above-mentioned | reasons Mr. Gandhi would rather dis- cuss the details of communal settle- ment at home rather than abroad. He | was more certain of success there than in London. | Not Entirely Hopeless. The situation as Gandhi returned | was not_altogether hopeless. He was waiting for a chance to convince him- self and his followers that there were signs of a change of heart on the part of the British government toward In- dia. He would go a long way in ar- leadership of the Nawab of Bhopal and | riving at an amicable settlement if he deliberated for several weeks, but they | was convinced that Britain really arrived at no definite conclusions, It | means to give India freedom at the transpired that there was a difference | earliest possible day. But, unfortunately of opinion among them with regard to the minimum demand. Two Mohammedan Groups. There were tWo groups among the Mo- hammedans, the Nationalists and the Conservatives. The former refused to bargain with Mr. Gandhi, as they felt it t0 be beneath their dignity to higgle ata time of national emergency—they would rather trust their Hindu compatriots and hope for the best when India comes to her own. They were for co-operating without stipulating any conditions. They felt convinced that the majority com- munity would treat them fairly and squarely. As a measure of compromise thy suggested the principle of joint ele torates for the Moslems of India. But the Conservatives insisted on the guar- antee of their special privileges before they would agree to co-operate with the Hindus. And the Moslems of India could not come to an agreement among themselves and face Mr. Gandhi with a united demand. Thereupon Mr. Gan- dhi felt helpless and could not move in the matter definitely the one way or the other, But, as fates would have it, or as the government would see to it. there was nly one member of the Moslem Na- tionalist party at the Round Table Conference, while the rest were drawn from the Conservative party. Hence was the voice of the one drowned in the voice of the many, and the noise of the Conservatives was construed to | be the voice of the whole Moslem com- | munity of India. There are many Moslems in India today, young, well educated, patriotic and aspiring, who support the Nationalistic aims of the Mahatma, May I add that the members to the Lendon Conference were not selected or elected by the people of India, but were nominated by the British government. Difficulty of Agreement. It was freely talked about in India that no real settlement could be ar- ived at the conference when the per- nel of it was made known several before it met. Anyway, the world has come to know one fact, that Mr. Gandhi could not arrive at an agree- ment with the minorities. Hence the necessary deduction that the interven- tion of the British government will be most necessary to make them agree Mr. Gandhi knew the situation quite well. That was why he insisted on the British government declaring its policy toward India in the first instance at the London Conference—to tell India plainly whether Britain was going to and if 5o to arrive at an understanding as to what the absolutely necessary safeguards in the interests of India were during the period of transition, as the power and responsibility of rule shifted from the British hands to the Indian. He was also anxious, sharing as he did India’s apprehensions in this respect, the shortest time limit should be fixed as the probable period during which the complete transference might accept the principle of freedom for her, | | for all parties concerned, Pandit Jah- warlal Nehrut, the great leader of the young India party, was arrested and sent to prison without giving him a | chance to meet Mr. Gandhi and dis- cuss the situation with him |~ The government had nothing to lose but everything to gain by waiting for a week or two without arresting Nehrut. | It was a clear sign for those wno could | read the signs of the times tiat there | was no indication of a change of policy or of heart toward India. Gandhi hates the attempts at violence made in some parts of the country which ended in the loss of life of some Brit=- | ish officials in India. The government passed special ordinances in Bengal which armed the special tribunals and the police with powers and authority | which rendered the lives and liberties of the peaceful individuals insecure and helpless. As the accredited leader of the peo- ple of India Mr. Gandhi wanted an interview with the viceroy to discuss the situation with him; it may be per- haps to offer his own suggestions to the government as how to deal with | the situation without making the lives of the innocent people intolerable by the free application of the powers g'ven to the officers of the government by the special ordinances. The reply of the viceroy was at first a flat re- fusal to discuss with Gandhi and an immediate order for his arrest and de- tention in prison without trial. How India Views Situation. India seems to have accepted the ituation as an insult to her and a derial of the speedy realization of the hope of freedom. Under the present circumstances the hopes entertained by some people in England and India that the Round “Table Conference would solve the prob- lem of India's freedom seem to be | blasted. ‘The British statesmen appear to be more responsible for the present impasse by their adoption of the policy of violence than the people of India, though some of them may appear to be mere idealists. Britain seems to think—at all events the present party in power seems to believe—in the firm policy idea for the Oriental. The same idea has made the English people make many mistakes in ;South Africa, Ireland and even in this country. She has started on that reckless policy in India also. But there are still some great men and women in Britain. both inside and outside the government. It is hoped that Britain will rise to the occasion and do the big thing in India before it is too late. India needs peace and good will—so does Britain. Can repression ever | create good ? Could a constitution be ever pressed on a people at the point of the bayonet? It is only by assuring India that she has a right, a human right, to a speedy | freedom to manage her own affairs that the efforts at the London Con- ference could be said to be successful. It is not too late yet to mend and do the right thing __(Continued From First Page.) what is likely to happen. In point of fact, the answer is nothing. For any French statesman or political party it would be suicide to agree to any modi- fication of the French rights either in the matter of money or armaments and, contrary to American opinion, this sit- uation is totally unlikely to change after the April elections here. The sit- uation of the prime minister of France is identical with that of the President of the United States in the matter of concellation, but if France continues in her present policy of negation, then no real step can be taken in the direction of any comprehensive European adjust- ment. The present chaos will continue. The contemporary disintegration in economic and financial condition of the Continent will endure and intensify, and that is the danger which is domi- nating ajl else in British calculations. But Britain feels itself too weak finan- cially and politically alone to undertake burdens necessary to reassure French opinion. As a consequence, British opin- ion nstinctively turns again to America. With Britain weak, America returned to isolation and France profoundly alarmed, hope of continental tranquil- lity turns upon German policy. But German_opinion is quite as_explosive as the French, and Chancellor Brue- ning is forced to demand financial and military concessions which serve to re- double the French anxieties. Recovery Impossible. So, In the end, you come to the fact of the situation now, as at all moments since the beginning of the great eco- nomic blizzard in 1929, and measurably ever since the making of the peace treaties. European political facts make economic and financial recovery impos- sible. As practical men, Bruening and Laval might find a basis of agreement, but no basis of agreement possible could fail to destroy both in their own do- mestic situations. German, French, Ttalian, even British, nationalisms are aroused. Popular passions in every country make agreement between any of them out of the question. Germany, if not all of Central Europe, is sinking visibly toward the final crash. But German statesmen are condemned to take public lines which, by awakening French fears, insure that French veto which terminates the hope of progress. In a word, returning to Europe after soon became necessary to turn awa{ many of the young women who sough rooms there, and Mrs. Somers made the it took over the school property across the street. including furnishings and i (Continued on Sixth Page.) e s 10 months’ absence, I find all the fac- tors which precipitated the great crisis assoclation a splendid offer, by which {and disaster of the last Summer not only unmodified, but still in full expan- sion. Economically and financially, Eu- ropeans recognize that co-operation is |Co-operation in European Economic Crisis Held Blocked by Politics | the single chance of ending the present | catastrophe, but politically all co-oper- ation is impossible. France and Ger- many continue at war and European ruin spreads apace. What is beginning is not a fresh experiment in co-opera- tion, but & new campaign. F. S i — — America to Take Part | In German Musicale | BERLIN, Germany.—One of the | most colorful musical extravaganzas of | Germany, in which the United States | and other countries will take part, will | be held from July 21 to 24 in Frank- | fort-on-Main, when the latter holds its eleventh German “Saengerbundesfest.” The United States will be repre- | sented by the Arions of both Brooklyn and Baltimore, while Zurich and | Brunn in Czechoslovekia ‘and the free | City of Dantzig will send their male choirs. Poland, Transylvania, and }D\'en the Union of South Afica, have | already signified their willingness of | participating in this mammoth Ger- | man musicale. | _ The opening day of the celebration, | July 21, will be dedicated to the for- | elgn visitors. The following two days three concerts by massed choruses of | 15,000 voices will be staged, besides a | concert in the city's stadium and a special performance of Beethoven's “Ninth Symphony.” Song services will | close the festival, which will be fol- lowed by tours and excursions to Frankfort’s beautiful surroundings. | War Objectors Base View on Kellogg Pact STOCKHOLM, Sweden.—The Kellogg pact, outlawing war, has been taken very seriously by a group of twenty-one young farmers in Saebraa Parish, in the province of Vaesternoorland. ~When | these young gentlemen were recently called to the colors for military training | they framed a petition to the ministry | of defense, declaring that they could not | properly don military uniforms because | “war is no longer recognized as a law- ful instrument for settling international | disputes.” Sweden, they pointed out, had | categorically supported the pact. Compulsory military service, the | petition declared, “is in contrast to the | spirt and meaning of the Kellogg pact.” ‘The petitioners will all be obliged to re- port “for service, despite their scruples, | but it is admitted that their reasoning Iis not entirely illogical. A £