Evening Star Newspaper, January 27, 1929, Page 30

- 2 THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. JANUARY 27, 1929—PART THE EVENING STAR |end result of either an accidental or in- | the International Assoclation of Game, With Sundsy Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.......January 27, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company Penstsivants Ave. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star....... . 45¢ per reonth The Evening and Siinda; (when 4 Sundays) . The Evening and Sunday Star unday: .c per co Collertion mace #ach ment) Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only o] 7o 3828 & mo. B8 Sunday only . 1 51, 3400: 1 1o, 40c All Other States and Canada. Datly and Sunday..1 yr., $12.00; 1 mo, $1.00 Daily only i Sundsy only Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively cntitied to the use for republication of all rews dis- mo., ited in this paper and also the oubiished herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. e Priority in Teaching Positions. ‘The Jaw giving priority to graduates of the local normal schools in filling teaching positions in the Washington public school system involves the solu- tion of two problems. The educational problem is to find the best teaching material available for Washington chil- dren. The economic problem is to jus- tify the expenditure of local tax revenue on the normal schools by assuring their students positions at home after gradu- ation, ‘The action of the House in amending existing law by inserting a clause in the appropriation bill restricting its appli- cation “only to those graduates of the normal schools of the District of Co- lumbia who shall at the time of their graduation rank within the first twenty- fjve per cent of their respective classes,” this placing the remaining seventy-five per cent on an equal footing and com- petitive basis with teacher applicants from all parts of the country, is only tentional chemical combination hun- dreds of millions of years ago. The new theory goes a long way toward hurdling the philosophical gaps. But any theory striking so deeply into the heart of science needs more than a pragmatic argument in its favor. The biological evidence must have had its day in court, subjected to the se- verest sort of cross-examination, be- fore the new doctrine can be considered as either established or refuted. ‘This, apparently, is all Dr. Clark asks. He has put forward a proposal for an armistice so that the embat- tled factions can determine what they % |really are fighting about. Lo A National Republican Club. Leaders in the Republican party are planning the establishment of a na- tional Republican “club in Washing- ton. The organization of such a club in the Capital City appears so obviously proper that the wonder is it has not long ago been undertaken. Indeed, the idea is not now advanced for the first time. At least thirty years ago, in s | the heyday of Mark Hanna's power in the Republican organization, there was talk of a national Republican club, with its headquarters here. Senator Hanna's death, however, put an end to the project. This latest movement for a national Republican club has the support of the present chairman of the Republi- can national committee, Dr. Hubert Work. Its organization committee is to be headed by Ogden Mills of New York, at present Undersecretary of the Treasury. Many important Republican leaders have indorsed the idea of the club, which will be designed to provide a meeting ground in the Capital for Republicans from all parts of the coun- try and to provide a permanent home Fish and Conservation Commissioners, the Western Association of Game Com- 'ml&slnneu, the National Association of Audubon Socleties and the American Forestry Association, ‘The bill provides for a governmental policy of establishing inviolate sanc- tuaries for wild ducks, geese and other migratory birds, funds to be provided by Government appropriation. Wild life conservationists of America have been working for years to this end. More specifically, it is intended effectively to meet the obligations of this country under the migratory bird treaty with Great Britain by lessening the dangars threatening game birds from drainage and other causes by the acquisition of areas both of land and water to furnish in perpetuity reservations for their ade- quate protection. The bill provides the means for carrying out its purpose through a fund to be created from the proceeds of a Federal license fee of one dollar a year required from hunters of migratory fowl. It is unthinkable that either to approve the plan in principle or to impose such a modest tax on the gunners of his or any other State, It will be good news for everybody when this measure shall have passed both houses and shall bear the Presidents signature. st The Birthday Party at Doorn. ‘Today at Doorn, Holland, the Hohen- zollern family is gathered to celebrate the seventieth anniversary of the birth of the head of the house, the former Emperor of Germany. There are so many members of the family that they overflow the quarters of the ex-Kaiser and are billeted in other accommoda- tions. The only absentee of the gath- ering, as the reports go, is the former Kaiser's brother, Prince Henry, who for the Republican national committee. It is not difficult to understand that such a club, with wide membership from all parts of the country, may be- come a powerful organization in the future. For some years it has been the prac- tice of the Republican national com- mittee to maintain offices in Wash- & partial solution of the educational problem and constitutes, in addition, an act of unfairness to the Dsitrict in so far as the economic problem is involved. Careful reading of the hearings on the District bill, during which the pri- ority clause was under discussion, dis- closes the fact that while members of the committee sought the advice of Board of Education and school officials on the subject, and obtained it, they disregarded this advice and inserted a clause which has no local backing or support. In discussing the educational problem Dr. Ballou declared that the present law is unsound; that the District school children should have the best teaching material that is available, no matter Wwhere obtained. But if the graduates ©f Washington normal schools are thus to.be placed on a competitive basis with teachers from outside the District, there should be established in the District teacher-training institutions which are in a position to compete with similar institutions throughout the country. In other words, Dr. Ballou called to the committee’s attention the fact that if the District-trained teachers must com- pete with teachers from the country at large, they should have the training facilities available here that are else- where available. Four-year normal school courses should be provided, in- stead of the two-year courses now avaij- able or the three-year courses which will be available next year. The action of the House in placing all graduates of the Washington nor- mal schools, with the exception of the twenty-five per cent who lead their classes, on a competitive basis is ill- «timed and incomplete. Such an impor- tant plece of legislation has no place as a rider on an appropriation bill. The change should have been carefully considered and with it the various pro. posals for establishing in the District four-year normal schools, teacher col leges or junior colleges. Leaving aside sentimental or political consideratione, & competitive basis for selecting teacher material is sound, and obviously would result in drastically weeding out de- ficlent or second-rate applicants. But before being placed on such a competi- tive basis District students who hope to become teachers should have the same educational opportunities offered to their rivals from other communities for positions in Washington schools. ———— With enough warships we are likely to have peace; then with the proper kind of peace we should not need the warships. ———— A Scientific Peacemaker. A detailed statement of his new theory of evolution is presented in to- day's Star by Austin H. Clark of the Smithsonian Institution. Dr, Clark's article, however, still leaves out much of the technical evi- dence upon which this concept of the origin and development of life must ington the year round. It does so at present, with Dr. Work here in charge, which is something of an innovation, for Republican national chairmen, un- less they happened to be members of Congress or in some other ofcial position bringing them to Washington, have not been so constantly on the job here as is Dr. Work. The Democrats, too, have maintained in Washington offices for their national committee. ‘This eity is becoming a political clear- ing house for the country, if not the actual political center. The establish- ment, therefore, of national political clubs, offering & home for the political leaders and other party members who visit Washington, may well be expected. Both the major parties, it appears, are no longer willing to permit their national organizations to become qui- escent during the four-year periods between national elections. Leaders in both camps are urging that steps be taken to keep their organizations alive and going concerns, ready to take the field in every campaign. There has been much waste effort at the begin- ning of the campaigns, required mere- ly to set the machine to functioning. ‘Washington is the logical place from which to direct the party management. The Newspaper Racks. As a factor contributing to moral de- linquency in the community and pre- senting a serious pitfall to “young peo- ple with their many demands for ready money,” the system of newspaper dis- tribution through the so-called “honor system” racks on the streets is con- demned by Judge Kathryn Sellers of Juvenile Court and by Mrs. Giles Scott Rafter, president of the District Parent and Teachers’ Association. In letters to to the editor of The Star a number of correspondents have, in addition, point~ ed to the discrimination in favor of the newspapers shown by the Commissioners in authorizing the establishment of these racks for the dissemination of only one of the many commodities which thus could be made available to the public. ‘The Star concurs in such sentiments and reiterates its view that the racks should be eliminated from the streets. Arrests for theft from these racks, both of money and newspapers, are of almost dally recurrence. But they rep- resent merely a negligible fraction of the actual thievery which occurs every twenty-four hours. The comparative ease with which money and papers may be removed from the racks makes of them an ever present source of tempta- tion and the experiment of attempting to frustrate these thefts by zealous and is i1 This is more than an ordinary birth- day party. It is quite evidently a po- litical meeting. Whether it has for its purpose the promotion of the Hohen- zollern cause in Germany is to be left | 2 EVERYDAY RELIGION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of “He loved him as he loved his own soul” (I Samuel, xx.17). “Friendship.” The essential amalgam of human so- clety, the one thing that binds men to- gether in an effective and useful and efficient body, is mutual respect and love. The world cannot get on without it. It was said of old, “A house divided against itself cannot stand.” Recently a London paper asked for the best definition of the word “friend.” The prize was given to one who wrote, “The first person who comes in when the world has gone out.” Next to the ties of kinship are those of friendship. Our acquaintances stand in one classi- fication, our friends in another. In early life we are less discriminating than we are in our more mature years. The distinctionl between acquaintances and friemds is not so marked as it is any member of Congress would hesitate, *1€n We come to properly evaluate that which constitutes true friendship. It is also true that as we grow older those who come within the restricted area of true friends become dearer to us and we repose in them all our confidence and affection. Some of the noblest inci- dents recorded upon the pages of his- tory have to do with the self-sacrificing devotion of one friend for another. The classic story of David and Jonathan is illustrative of this. Jonathan was the son of a King, and hence the heir to the throne. David was a peasant, who, by reason of his prowess and skill, had come to a high distinction in the army. His rapid rise had been marked by the growing jealousy and enmity of the King, He had come to feel that this stripling might in due time so gain the favor of the people as to take from his own son the right of succession. The uation was critical and involved the whole future of Jonathan's career. In the face of all this the young prince disclosed no spirit of rivalry or jealousy, but, on the contrary, used his every en- deavor to set forward the interest of the one he loved as his own soul. There is no story recorded in the Old Testa- ment that so utterly exemplifies the fine things of friendship as does this narra- tive. It was largely due to Jonathan's devotion that David came at length to high place of distinction and power. is This is no isolated example of wha to speculation. But it is plain that the | accrues to true friendship. It does illus- central figure is addressing his former | trate its cardinal characteristics, name- “constituents” after the fashion of a [1¥, its ‘t‘lm af‘;"'." Bikpioion of, ulte- candidate for office. Here is what he | Faot, ot wooy o0 el oiied ey has sent forth as an interview in ade mitment and devotion to the one upon ‘whom it lavishes its affection. vance of the birthday assemblage: It was the devotion of Lord Tennyson To promote the welfare of the Ger- olleth that, protned the finses poetn college, produce est poem It Vorid e Ras-ever bees g |28, MIortalty n the Eogish languae, ever been the | .y Memoriam.” The inspiration of supreme law governing my actions. In the firm faith in Gos. the all just, I, therefore, hope to live to see the day that shall free us Germans from the this friendship produced in the great Washington poet laureate the highest disclosure of his genius. It took seventeen years of consecrated labor to produce this poem that witnesses to a devotion that would not be inhibited even though the cold hand of death had been laid upon the object of its devotion. It is a remark- able fact that several of the greatest poems that deal with immortality were inspired by great friendships. It is equally true that some of the finest things in art and literature have had their genesis in the inspiration of a great love. Men have repeatedly risen to heights of great power and service to their fellows, not so much by rea- son of their own inherent genius or gifts as by the encouragement of some noble soul with whom they have con- sorted and who gave to them both impulse and inspiration. ‘The art of making friends is a very great one. It is one that is worthy of persistent cultivation. It is essen- tially based upon reciprocal affection. It will not be deflected or hindered by misunderstandings, nor will it be chilled by the rude blasts of misgiving and suspicion. The tles of friendship rightly formed are not susceptible either to breach or break. Such a friendship is & holy and sacred thing. It is characterized by affinity of soul. It is one of the choicest privileges God permits mankind to en- Jjoy. We meet day by day men and women who are impoverished, so far as material ions are concerned, and yet who are rich beyord the dreams of avarice in the wealth of friendships they hold. These radiant souls are so compellingly attractive that wherever they go they draw within the charmed circle of their influence those who ac- knowledge the sovereignty of their affec- tion. The most utterly noble and heroic example of friendship the world con- tains is that of Jesus, of whom it is written that, “having loved His own, He loved them unto the end.” From His divine lips proceed those memorable words, “Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his frien ‘What this master of men has done to generate and promote friendship among peoples of diverse minds is evident in a world fellowship that calls itself by His sacred name. He s created a brotherhood unrestricted y race, language or tradition. He en- courages us to belleve that. the sacred ties of friendship are not severed even by death itself. He lifts our vision to behold an eternal Father, whose dom- inating purpose concerning His children is incomparable love. In His own person He discloses the finest type of friendship of which the world has knowledge. It is belief in the power of this sublime friendship that compels us to believe in the ultimate consum- extraordinary activity on the part of the police has been a complete and dis- mal failure, ———— e ‘Theaters are closing and discussion turns to cruisers, battle planes and sub- marines. The world has apparently lost interest in make-believe and con- stand or fall among professional bi-|centrated thought om possibilities of alogists. This evidence would be large- 1y ncomprehensible to the layman. It €eals with animals and animal families of which few ever have heard, the ces- todes, the polyzoans, the pterobranchi- atee, the cephalochordates and the tur- bellarians. Yet these obscure creatures are an ntegral part of the picture of life. It is by going back to them that the Smith- sonlan scientist has reached his rather startling conclusions. A valid evolution- ary doctrine must account for the nematode and the tapeworm as well as the horse and the man. The author describes his own mission as that of & peacemaker between the apperently unreconcilable camps of science and scriptural fundamentalism. He puts it a bit more picturesquely; he gives both an opportunity to “let go of the bull’s tail.” Clark's philosophy is as much a philosophy of evolution as the Dar- winian theory. He leaves no place for the working of miracles. But he does present a picture which can be matched with & symbolie interpretation of Genesis with much less sophistry than is possible for unyielding advocates of Darwinism. Theére have been two objections to evolution, one religious and the other tragedy in reality. ———. A Pike-Pole Artist Needed. “The bill reaches the very heart of the migratory bird conservation problem and is one of the most important con- servation measures ever proposed in this country. As & direct and practical con- servation measure, it has the approval of this department.” This 15 Willlam M. Jardine, Secretary of Agriculture, speaking. He wrote the foregoing to Senator McNary, chairman of the com- mittee on agriculture and forestry of the Senate which has already passed the legislation now before the House under the name of the Norbeck game refuge bill. President Coolidge has given the burden of the fal unleashed the n’::'::: “:t.:“fin::nh‘m The former Kaiser's representative, through whom this “Interview” was given out, proceeds to place the ex- Kaiser in the attitude of Germany's champion in a plea for the remission of the reparations. He says: His majesty expects—and it would seem not without foundation—that voices as rtant as these will in the course of e b about a of world opinion in favor of Germany, Turther payments o trlbute” o snt part of acmnm y. - . e ‘This, then, would seem to be the ex- Kaiser's platform—the relief of Ger- many from the stigma of war guilt and from the burden of reparations. It is not exactly easy to picture him in the Tole of an effective pleader for Germany with the other nations of the world on either count. But it may prove to be a good campaign cry that has just been sounded from Doorn, for German consumption primarily. All reports from Doorn are to the effect that Herr Hohenzollern is in excellent health and that he is wearing his seventy years jauntily. This may have its implica- tion in respect to his hopes. ——— There is one line of Wall Street trading that does not change in price tendency. Seats on the Stock Exchange always enjoy on their own account a reliable bull market. ‘The man who likes to pretend to in- side information has another opportu- nity to mention the next cabinet, look wise and then sigh in great dissppoint- | ment becsuse he has been bound to secreey. ————— O et SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Literary Age. ‘This is the literary age When ads contrive, upon each page, New tricks of word or phrase to slip Into the arts of salesmanship. ‘We buy our coffee with a song, Our eggs and butter can’t be wrong, It words misspelled in fervid fun. Arise to glorify a pun. New volumes still are bringing out “Thoughts” that we fear to think about— But of this much we may be sure: ‘This is the age of Literature! Generous Restraint. “Will you dance at the inauguration festivities?"” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I'm & poor dancer. Why should I speil & happy occasion for my wife?” Jud Tunkins says ft's too daé that all these billion-dollar plays in high finance are setting a pace that destroys the pleasure of a simple friendly penny- ante game, And Then It Went Out. A smoker was compelled to quit A habit held for years, Bince every time his “lighter” it He stopped to give three chebrs. Tobaceo in the Home. “Henrietta,” sald Mr. Meekton, “when we were married I promised to stop smoking.” “That was long ago, Leonidas.” “Yes. Where I made my mistake bill his approval. All looks serene for this piece of practical and advisable lawmaking except for one thing: The brevity of the remaining period of this short and rushed session of Congress. This valu- able piece of timber seems likely to get caught in a congressional log-jam. It may be that few if any legislators can be found who do not approve of the measure; it is simply a question of time in the midst of a press of other matters. That the lower house of Congress may get around to a vote is the ardent desire of the Najional Committee on Wild Life philosophical. It is difficult to construct a system of philosophy which ean in- clude the idea of “something from noth- ing,” of the brain of the Legislation, which is representative of such important organisations as the American Game Protective Association, the Izsak Walton Lesgue of Americs, was in failing to get & promise from you not to start.” “A feud,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is ususlly a custom of hatred for which few survivors can ex- plain the exact cause.” ‘Word Witchery. No matter what is needed We'll have the sound, well heeded, Of an oration To promise taxes smaller And grain that will grow taller Throughout the Nation! “Talk ain’ allus cheap,” said Uncle Eben, “when it comes to tryin’ to give conversations] epncoursgement to de bones i & crap game.” mation of a universal brotherhood. King, Cardinal and Musketeers Lining Up for Enforcement Fight BY WILLIAM HARD. Bishop Cannon of the Methodist Episcopal Church South seems at this moment to have taken considerable strides toward being the Cardinal Rich- elieu of the incoming Hoover adminis- tration. It is not that Mr. Hoover has asked to assume any such role; but the bishop seems to feel that he has a call to it and that he must go ahead with it. The bishop has taken an active hand in arousing Protestant dry sentiment against the :plpolnnnlnt.ol Col. William J. Donovan of the Department of Jus- tice to be Attorney General in Hoover's cabinet, and he now is the foremost figure in forcing 24,000,000 new dollars upon Hoover for policing the United States on behalf of the eighteenth amendment. These two activities by His Eminence of Richmond, Va., have probably caused Mr, Hoover as much perplexity as any of the maneuvers of Cardinal Richelieu ever caused Louis XIII in any of the novels or plays or movies de- voted to the adventures of d’Artagnan and the Three Musketeers. The new elective ruler of the Ameri- can Empire would like to be left alone in selecting his own counctlors of state, and he has no desire at all to be load- ed with a mound of new money for federally closing little speakeasies in Boston and for federally disclosing and confiscating hip-flasks in Spokane. * koK ok The conflict of opinion in Washington on this latter point is fundamental. There is one school of thought which wants the Federal Government to do the actual detailed policing of the coun- for the enforcement of prohibition. There is another school of thought which wants to confine the Federal Government to what might be called the major operations of prohibition en- forcement, and which then wants to arouse our State governments and our county governments and our city gov- erments—by a vast “educational” cam- :l‘l‘d . ,tmtrheh‘ own xrlnerelly llucnlflnthlnt? own merely local .nlghnl. " it loover seems to belong to the latter school. The new “king” does not wish to be transformed into a centralized universal Federal detective for turning the pockets and pantries of his affec- tionate subjects inside out. His friends in the House of Representatives will ac- cordingly resist to the death all efforts in the House to accept and pass the Senate appropriation of 24,000,000 new dollars “to be allocated by the Presi- dent, as he may see fit, to the depart- ments or bureaus charged with the en- forcement of the national prohibition ac The “cardinal's” friends, on the other hand, will labor zealously to persuade the House to press the 24,000,000 new dollars by main force into the purse of the King, whom the cardinal loves, and whom he so greatly and loyally supporte ¢d and promoted in the ciection of last November in his diocese of Dixie. ‘The question is: Does the King know best, or does the = l‘r‘fl.l;m know best what is best for the LR ‘The chances in the House of Repre. sentatives at this passing moment are that the cardinal's friends will tri- umph. The King's Musketeers will per- form, indeed, prodigies of valor with Tilson of Connecticut—Republican floor leader—leading in inspiriting them. Mr. ‘Tilson has been cast for d’Artagnan of Gascony and will draw his sword from its seabbard every minute or two in a most dagzling manner. The Cardinal's Guard, however, has been recruited by & master hand. It consists, first, of Democrats who pine to prove that it was only in ab- sent-mindedness that they followed the heretical candidacy of Aifred Emanuel Bmith of New York. 1t consists, second, of Democrats who pine to be able to say to the White House a year from now: “We see by the papers that a man took a drink in Arkansas, We gave you $24,000,000 to stop him. Wl;ih_dldn‘t ou?’ t consists, d, of Republicans who hate to annoy Hoover, but who would rather annoy him than Volsteadism. | than These Republicans are for the King, but they are éven more for the prin- ciple: principles of drastic and detailed prohibition enforcement — which they think the King ought to ve, ‘These three contingents of the Car- dinal’s Guard make it a truly formida- ble force. The King's Musketeers will have to fight at every street corner and will even have to lock up a great many of their own companions to keep them from deserting to the friendly enemy and from dennl.nsthe uniform of our new Gardinal in Black. The musketeers, moreover, have & simultaneous second 'battle paign—to do their own police work: on their | Senate committs hands. As the King’s friends, they are extremely displeased with the wording of the Carter Glass enactment whereby the Senate has appropriated $250,000 for a presidential inquiry into “the problem of prohibition under the pro- visions of the eighteenth amendment.” The King's friends want to broaden and enlarge that wording. They want to make it cover not merely prohibition enforcement, but also all other Federal law enforcement. They do not want to narrow the King into & mere specialist on prohibition alone. They want to exhibit him to the country as a broad student of law enforcement in general. ‘They want his administration to be an epoch in American history for the re- pression not merely of one sort of crime, but of all crime. They think that Sen- ator Glass of Virginia is circumscribing their hero. They will demand in the House of Representatives that the Glass wording of the appropriation be panded to permit the next administra. tion to examine into the problem of all Federal law-breaking and of all Federal law-enforcement improvement. It happens that Senator Glass of Virginia detests the Cardinal in Black, and also loathes him, and also is moved to violent language by the mere thought of him. It is said that he even doubts the cardinal’s ultimate salvation. These doubts originated—or were strengthened—when the Senator last year supported Smith and the cardinal supported Hoover. The Sen- ator, however, being an earnest prohi- bitionist, was obliged by his conscience to say “yea” in the Senate to the new appropriation—demanded by Cannon— of $24,000,000 for additional prohibition detectives, additional prohibition border ditional prohibition arresters s, or whatever other addi- %rombmon functionaries the is perfect wisdom might think * ok K % The cardinal is subtle. Those who love him, and they are many, and those who hate him, and they are many, may almost all of them at any time find themselves marching in his guard in the service of his purpose. ‘The cardinal is also bold. He strikes suddenly and of his own motion. He is chairman of the Commission on Tem- rance and Social Service of the ethodist Church South. He issued his encyclical in favor of the new $24,- 000,000 for prohibition enforcement without any consultation whatsoever with the Board of Temperance, Prohi- bition and Public Morals of the Meth- odist Church North. He relies on his own power and skill. We are not dealing here with a church. We are dealing with a cardinal, able, resolute, infinitely adroit, and as devoted to the secular politics of the holy cause of prohibition as was Richelieu to the secular politics of the beloved cause of France. It is an old story with a new face, and the streets of Washington are go- ing to ring for & long time to come with the brawls between the King's mus- keteers and the cardinal's guardsmen. (Copyright, 1929.) King in necessary. Coal Regulatory Law Not Now in Prospect BY HARDEN COLFAX. ‘Tumult over suggested coal regula- tory legislation again is about to sub- side, without the consumer having turned a hair. Coal prices are low, the supply is ample and Winter will soon be over. Regulatory legislation has been dis- cussed in _every session of Congress in the last five years and still none has been enacted, so the ordinary, house- hold-furnace variety of consumer ap- pears to be ynconcerned over the bat- tles waged re committees of Con- gress. 5 But not so the miners and the oper- ators. They are jockeying for position. Senate interstate commerce com- mittee has closed its hnrtngunn a bill to regulate the soft coal in "f after having accumulated a record of more 3,400 pages. The strategy of the proponents and opponents of this meas- ure is aimed at having the bill reported favorably by the committee, or present- ing such action, in order to prepare for & fresh engagement in the next Con- gress. No one expects legislative ac- tion during the remaining few weeks of life of the Seventieth Congress. It would be helpful, or harmful, according to the respective point of view, to have had a favorable or unfavorable report on the bill, however. Two years ago, and less, the hue and cry was directed at anthracite. Th hard coal folks have displayed little in- terest in the present bill before the tons, ee. Affairs are moving Capital Sidelights In accordance with authorization by Congress the public printer has under- taken co-operative research with the American Newspaper Publishers’ Asso- ciation in investigations made in the Government Printing Office laboratory into paper, inks and type-metals. A study is being made of deterioration of linotype and stereotype metals in use under newspaper conditions. Other studies are regarding news print paper and news ink. There were 45,196,912 pounds of paper delivered to the big government print- ery, which is the largest printing es- tablishment in the world, last year. Breaking Up of The emigres of th: Russian nobility, according to news from Europe, have elected Prince Nikita as Emperor of Russia to succeed ihe Grand Duke Nicholas, who died a short time ago. The election as Emperor means merely that the young prince has been selected as pretender to the throne of Russia. Its only significance is that if there should a counter-revolution in Russia, restoring the monarchy and the house of Romanoff, there would be It occupied 1,110 of the 1,161 cars of ln]alerlal delivered at the Washington pla Several years ago laboratory tests showed that the old roller composition could be used for making suitable bindery glue. Last year, 78,759 pounds of glue composition were produced. The ink mills of the “G. P. O.” as it is tersely called, produced last year, 149,630 inds of printing ink, much of it for mimeograph and multigraph work in other departments of the Govern- ment. The G. P. O. also furnished to other Government offices, 9,000 quarts of writing inks. * K% In addition to being the most pro- lific publisher in the world with an annual output of more than 100,000,000 coples of publications, Uncle Sam also operates the world’s biggest bookstore. Here during the last fiscal year there were sold, principally by mail order business, 63,601,277 copies of Govern- ment publications, which was an iu- crease of 8,234,856 over the previous ear. 4 During the last eight fiscal years the sale of Government publications has nearly doubled in number of copies and more than doubled in the amount of cash receipts. In 1920 the receipts were $231,582.21, or $465422.36 less than the receipts (a!".lflfl. * * ‘The people of the country did nutI write as many postal cards last year as_the year before, when more than 2,000,000,000 made a record output. Last year there were only 1,726,524,392 delivered. ~ These cost Uncle Sam 1$980,425.20. The decrease is attributed to the new law reducing the postage rate on commercial cards and author- izing the use of postage permits in lieu of stamps and stamped cards. Money order business picked up a little, with 1,005,265 money order books used for 200 forms each. They cost Uncle Sam $163,853.66. ‘The Post Office Department saved some $209,000 on lh.firlnflll‘ bill last year through the falling off in the postal card trade. P ‘The wonderful service the radio and airplane are now rendering the Gov- ernment was impressively shown re cently when both of these marvelous inventions were employed to expedite the delivery of money-order forms printed by the Government Printing Office for the postmaster at Ketchikan, Alaska. He sent a radiogram at am. u}z v;ll! received 'hy tion ‘ashington a next_morning, and telephoned through the Post Office Department to the Gov- ernment Printing Office. The required forms were printed within an hour and by noon the same day were on their way to Alaska by airplane, and received by the postmaster within six days after he had sent his radio message. * ok ok * Congress has the biggest printing bill of any department or branch of the Government service. Last year it amounted to $2,460,616.08, which was approximately $430,000 more than the cost of prlnung the entire postal service, which the second 1 bill. Congress’ printing bill showed a 10 per cent increase last year over the receding year. Congress is the only e g o, 2 its prin advance. ' vances a working capital of $2,500,000. In addition to the 34,000 copies of the daily Congressional Record, which is the daily paper of Congress, some of which ran as high as 145 pages, there were 53,130 volumes of the Record bound in buckram distributed by the members of Congress. 7 * kK K ‘Talk is not as cheap in Congress as many suppose. Senators and mem- bers of the House paid the public rinter last year a total of $68,266.19 ?or reprlnnns from the Record 17, 250 coples of their sonal distribution. envelopes in which these speeches were franked out (postage free) to constituents were also supplied -~ free to the Conf smen, although the bill for the envelopes cost Uncle Sam $66,813.17. The cost of printing the extensive hearings held by committees of Con- gress Is increasing each year. Last year the printing bill for this item alone was $275,328.76. For the last three years the aggregate cost to the Government for printing these hearings was $799,594.11. The flood control hea: was the largest last year, ocecupying 5,406 pages. with relative smoothless in the produc- tion, distribution and consumption of anthracite coal. The bill up for im- mediate discussion deals with the bi- tuminous coal situation. The soft coal industry is passing through another crisis, Of course, life with both miners and operators in this great division of the coal flelds is just one crisis after another or several crises simultaneously. But that does not mean they are not real difficulties, entailing ‘hardship. Basically, the trouble with the bitumi- nous coal industry is its overcapacity for production. There are too many mines already developed to permit operation without almost ruinous competition. There * are nearly 250,000 too many ‘The miners’ union and the as a whole do not abide in d harmony. ‘The bill regarding which the Senate committee closed its hearings last week would create a Federal commission to regulate the industry, operators ship- ping in interstate commerce being re- quired to obtain licenses from this commission and agree to live up to certain stipulations. Very importantly, the power would be given this regulatory agency to fix maximum prices of coal, and that is where the consumer comes in, although he appears to be unaware of any vital interest in the proposed legislation. ‘The history of maximum prices is that the maximum becomes the market price. The operators charge this measure would open the way to control of the soft coal industry by the miners. The miners say something is wrong when operators oppose & measure which would permit them to form com- binations without danger of penalties from the Sherman anti-trust law or the Clayton act. For once, the operators of unionized mines and those of non-union mines are united on this subject. It cannol sald that they always act in concert. Non-union min Froduce more than 60 per cent of the soft coal of the country now, a percentage reversed since the days of war-time control. I be expected that the next BT its hand at some sort of coal legislation. What its nature will be is difficult to forecast. T United States Coal Commission studied the subject exhaustively in 1023 and made important recommendations re- a zarding which nothing has been done thus far, except to have hearings on specific bills at every session of Cone gress since. ‘The coal problem—mos the soft coal problem—has many phases of vital public concern. The bitumi- nous industry is disorganized, but recen large consolidations and trade-practice conferences hold some promise of im- provement., One of the biggest things facing the coal folks, both owners and workers, is the decreasing market. The output af bituminous coal in 1928 is estimated at 492,755,000 tons, on the basis of preliminary returns. ‘This is the lowest since 1924, when it was 483,687,000 (Copsright, 1920) b agreement among the supporters of the old Czarist regime as to who should take the throne. Meantime, the young prince works at a job in Paris. ‘While the Russian royalists, scattered over the world, but centered chiefly in and around Paris, feel stimulated by | this decision and the hope that a young {and worthy man, as Prince Nikita is described to be, may bring about some restoration coup, the Soviets in control of the homeland are proceeding steadily with the breaking up of the old estates on which this exiled nobility formerly subsisted. nationalized and the vast estates of the nobility were confiscated by the state. Some of these estates are of, tremendous proportions, contalning thousands upon thousands of acres of land. Some are so large they have been little more than explored. Great forests in ad- dition to wide-spreading farmlands constituted them. They were chiefly grants from the crown. It was only in the last century that serfdom, practically comparable to Negro slavery in America, was abolished, peasant in little better case. cost of farming these great estates was almost nothing, so great riches accrued to_the noble owners. Since the revolution and during the period of transition and readjustment much of this land has lain fallow. Also, there have been years of drought. Now, | be brought back at night. Russian Estates BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. as exchange necessities dictate. There is always a world market for. t. However, the land will be scientifidafly observed and there will be & ¢ o plantings to other crops wheraver B % advised that the soil requires it. The estates of the Soviets will be farmed by Soviet workers. They will live in central groups of buildings rather than in small farmhouses wide- ly scattered. These central groups will be about 20 miles apart. As the auto- mobile is in fairly general use, the farmers of the state will go to the dis- tant flelds in cars in the morning and During the revolution many fine old houses of the Russian nobility which stood on these estates were burned down or blown up, but where any remain each will be used as the nucleus of a farm com- munity center. Motor trucks, tractors and all other modern farming ma- chinery will be utilized and crops will be sprayed for insect pests by airplanes. Much of this is already being done throughout Russia, but special atten- With the revolution the land was all | tion will be given to it on the state farms. Modern Methods Used. Each farm unit will be under the management of a director, who will have two assistants, one to be in harge of production and the other finance and business management. The entire en- terprise will be under the direction of the board of directors of the Soviet grain trust. It is to be wondered whether the Russian worker being whisked about from field to field in flivver automo- biles will be as picturesque as the pre- war peasant trudging home to his cot~ tage in the twilight and whether the new community centers will have as much glow and color as did the inns of the old days. From the outside point of view there doubtless will be a loss in picturesqueness, but it is a fair guess that the worker will be in however, an organized effort is beln{ made to farm on a grand scale. I probably seems quite ironical to the Russian noblemen exiled abroad, but what formerly were their immense do- mains now are called the estates of the Soviet. All of this land being now under So- viet control, the farming activities have been rearranged. In some of the old estates there was quite naturally much many ways happier, especially those who formerly were used as beasts of !h;lx‘rd:n and dragged the plows them- ves. In Paris cafes, in modest pensions, in garrets and in hovels in and around Paris the old Russian nobility sits and hopes that these estates will some day be returned to them. The idea of a pretender to the Russian throne per- haps seems rather absurd, but so did untillable land, poor soil, sections es-|the idea of a Soviet republic see pecially subject to drought, and the like. | absurd only a little more thpnn a decldn: The Soviets have rearranged the estates|ago. There have been many pretenders so that no effort will be wasted on un-|to thrones and some of them have profitable land, cuitivation being con-|seen their hopes realized. There is a fined to the acreage which can be relied | pretender to the throne of France today upon to give a sure return. :ggn L l:gynhlm party wh'lch o e jon: ope of a return of the 0ld Estates Made Productive. Bourbons. Charles. the Second. King Approximately 16,000,000 acres of | of England, for years was nothing but these old estates are being brought un-|a pretender, but finally the revolu- der scientific cultivation by the Soviets.| tion which had taken the throne from Capital has been needed for this great| his family was turned back and the state farming enterprise and & sum of | restoration came. Bonnie Prince $180,000,000 has been authorized for|Charlie was the most picturesque pre- surveying, purchase of farming ma-~ |tender of modern times in the opinion supported with ease a dense popula- o frected specifically, | PO chinery and such operating expenses. The reallocation of acreage began ear, and plowing and other prelim- ary preparation of the soil was begun. Only about 40,000 acres of Winter grain actually was seeded last Fall, however. This figure is expected to be greatly multiplied next season. Reallocation of more than 4,000,000 acres already has been made in readiness for the Spring planting. The Soviet program for operating these farms calls c'l‘uellvhtgr i:nt::: pro- duction, as grain is use erna- tlonal trade and can be exported or not #= Fifty Years Ago In The Star ‘Memories of the standpipe or iron water tank that stood at the head of Sixteenth street hill, a A Water short distance above Florida avenue, for many Shortage. years are revived by the following letter signed “Corcoran Street,” printed in The Star of Jan- uary 20, 1879: “Is it not a little singular that since the standpipe has been completed the people in the northwest section of the city do not get as much water as they did before tI -tmdplw was_erected? Prior to the death of Water Registrar Lubey we had plenty of water in the second stories of our houses, but during the past 18 months we have had water only at night, and then very little of it. We were told that the standpipe would remedy all this, but on the con- trary we have less water. I am told by experienced plumbers that the cause of our short supply now is the fact that the pump which supplies the standpipe throws a 12-inch stream and draws from a 12-inch main, and that the re- sult is a vacuum is created in the main. This may or may not be true, but the fact that we have less water than before the standpipe was com- pleted is undeniable. re must be & great blunder somewhere on the part of our engineers. “The use and misuse of water in our section has undoubtedly largely in- creased during the past 18 months, but this fact was as patent before the standpipe was begun as it is now. If it is true that the pump which supplies the standpipe throws a 12-inch stream and draws from the 12-inch main it must naturally follow that unless the | said. pressure on the main is sufficient to supply the pump a vacuum would be caused. To remedy this, two things necessary—either a larger main or an- other pump to increase the pressure in the 12-inch main. “Something ought to be done prompt- 1y to give our section of the city greater water supply. If a fire was to break out between Thirteenth and Fifteenth and Q and R streets there would not be a sufficient head of water to supply the engines. I saw this demonstrated a few ‘weeks since, when an attempt was made to flush the sewer on Corcoran street by bringing the water from the plug at the corner of Fourteenth and Q streets. And in spite of the inadequacy of our water supply we have had our water rents increased $1 per house. is this? No one would complain if the rates were doubled if we got water on our second floors, but it is not right to make us pay for what we do not get.” * % ‘The thought of conserving the nat- ural runurcra nnrl tl':: I’et:wn‘.:lry :::& be- ginning pre on Forestry the public mind 50 years Start. §% although it was long * afterward before systematic work was done in this direction. The Star of January 24, 1879, says: “It is not alone to the farmer and his children that tree culture is important. ‘The destruction of forests, by constant- rivers into insignificant rivulets, swell- ing sometimes into destructive torrents; has made hard and unproductive the former fertile fields and has left the valley land exposed to every hurricane. It has made deserts of some of the countries of antiquity that formerly tion. It has thus the move- ments of the world’s population and has made itself a factor in history. It is a most fruitful country to be the habita~ tion of large numbers of men. It is therefore a subject of unsi - rtance not merely to individuals, but nations, “If the United States would esca) the fate of Persia, the ravages of tg: same diseases which laid that count waste must be guarded against, and, where entrance has been made, reme- died. Something has been done in this direction. Pennsylvania is to ve & State forester and the Governor of ®hio has recommended the passagé of for- estry laws, Much more is needed. The ly lessening rainfall, has turned famous | fuils lisease which, if unchecked, unfits the | Way. of most English and French-speakin people. ~Claimant of the throne of Scotland as head of house of Stuart, he wand finally d: he lived there was many a Scot who never drank the King’s health—a toast no man can refuse—without first pass- ing his goblet over a glass of water, a gesture which meant that the King he really was drinking to in his heart as not the man on the English throne M‘A& Bonnie Prince Charlie over the ‘water. This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. Jack Spratt's stomach be set. hl n:l'clock. Mm-:'th. bears is o'clock in the afternoon, but Jac Spratt, the cat, gets his dinner at p.m. Eastern standard time. Out at the Zoo the bears and othes creatures growl, roar and in other mistakable ways manifest their co knowl of time. J‘t‘knm tt, :fa obt the wmumm fron gray lack ! knows almost to the mfig‘-m o'clock comes around. sz .8 He begins to get. inferested in gvery sound that comes from the kifchen about that time. Usually he begins to prick up his ears about 3:30 o'clock, :me‘rl}:g for several sounds well known o . ‘The rustle of a paper bag may mean dinner. ‘The sharpening of a knife may mean dinner. The clank of the meat grinder may mean dinner. The sound of & can opener in full "17';-" mnym. f tdhl‘nnel;}m tor dool open| o rel rator r is almost conclusive—it is practically as good as dinner itself. * k k% Jack's eyes grow round and his en- tire face takes on its most amiable ex- pression when listening for any one or more of these five distinctive sounds. The clank of a milk bottle or the rattle of a pan in no wise disturbs his meditations. All the clicks and clacks which may come from a kitchen roll off his back like so much sound and fury, meaning nothing, as Shakespeare Jack is listening for the rustle of paper bag, which means beefsteak: for sound of the whetting of a knife, which means meat: for the clank of the meat grinder, which also means meat; the sound of the can opener, which means salmon, or the opening of the refrigerator door, which may mean anything—or nothing. * kX X Now Jack is very fond of canned peas, which he prefers to any other sort, and likes the more expensive grades, being a creature of cultivated tastes. He will eat half a saucer of 15-cent peas, but a whole saucer of 40-cent as, nor can you fool him. On baked ns he is the same way; one bran and a very good one, he will not ep at all, but another, but which costs & few cents more, he eats avidly. ‘The othev afternoon about 1 o'clock. however, a plate of Jack's favorite peas were respinsible for him missing his usual 4 ¢‘clock dinner, It waf this way: Receising the peas 3 hours before his regular meal time, Spratt appre- ciated them to the last drop, we weré about to say. although “pea” would b® more accurate. P’ then curled himself up for & nap lnlhu {;v«:flu lch:n;.h l{lfl WaS n: h:fi‘xlr;ldl asleep by 4 o'clock that no one of waking him for his dinner, *x ok ok Bix o'clock, 8 o'clock, 9 o'clock rolled by. and still the tiger cat slept peace- l{i awoke at 10 p.m., stretched, and 1?:" looked around with a pussled k. Ah! Now he recalled—he hadn't had any dinner! That dish of peas was merely a faster, as it were: he would go down now for his dinner. There was, alas! no dinner. casion had been seized upon as one to give Spratt a bit of a fast. Sy ot the, remainder of"the miehl . o inder of he alternated between the kitchen and upstairs, ru up and down the steps, rolling up rugs in mad dashes. playing with an old spool, and upsetting things in general. t mfi informed ‘Wan{ T an bru%l ", Ji it curled un in his chair again and went back to sleep, which was just like a cat. tree cuiturists or tree protectors. It is estimated that one-fourth of the area of a country should be given up to forests in order to supply the neces- dividuals should sary timbér at the same time ‘pre- climate and s ferie