Evening Star Newspaper, September 9, 1928, Page 84

2 BY JOHN CLAGETT PROCTOR. OMEHOW, in - this -busy life of ours we_pass by the anniversary -dates -of -great -histeric events without even once giving them a thought, unless our attention is in some way attracted to them. And 50 it was as I recently stood at the grave of Francis Scott Key snd mwas reminded that he who was buried there ‘had writicn “The Siar Spangled Ban- +ner” during the. early- morning hours of September 14, 1814, 114 years ago the coming Frida: In my mind’s eye I could almost pi ture the lawyer-poet as he stood watch- dng for a_glimpse of the flag for which millions today, as ever in the past, would gladly give their all, if necessary md‘ how he—filled with emotion and devo- | tion to_his country—had. in that tens moment of suspense and subsequent e: trepe gratification. penned in his mind the' beautiful -sentiments and words of | the seng we all so dearly love. | Familiar as so many of us are with the words and music of this wonderful song, it is doubtful if a considerable number know of the incident which led | up to its writing. The public buildings In the city of ‘Washington were burned and their con- tents destroyed by the British on August 24, 1814. With this purpose in view, the enemy had. on August 19, landed forces 8 miles below benedict, Charles County, Md., and from there the in- vaders had taken up their march to toe Capital, passing tarough the village | rane. THE “SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON. D. C., SEPTEMBER_9. 1928 PART 7. dent Madison having been obiained, to- gesher they . procecded to Chesapeaie Bay, aboard the Minden. under a flag of truce, in search of the British fleet. He went as far as the mouth of the Patuxent, where he fell in with the Bri- tish, and was courteously -received on beard the Royal Oak by Admiral Coch- However, the -admiral, and like- wise Gen. Ross, did not take kindly to the suggestion of releasing Dr. Beanes. and Gen. Ross even scathingly de- nounced Beanes to the utmost. Fortunately, Mr. Skinner had come prepared with letters from the wounded left by Ross at Bladensburg, and when the latter found, from reading thes: that his own men were extremely grat: ful for the kind treatment they were re- ceiving from their foe he agreed to the release Mr. Key was then permitied to inter- | view Dr. Beanes. He found him in the forward part of the ship, among ih: |sailors and soldiers. He was constantly treated with indignity by those around him, and this keen humiliation con- tinued while he remained aboard the | 3ritish vessel This Week Is an Occesion for Recalling Enthusiasm of Early Patriots. of saijers and marines to prevent them from: landing. On' the morning of September 12 the enemy sailed up the Patapsco and during | the day and night brought 16 v |5 of whic were bomb vessels, about two-and a-half -miles of the fort. Key's vessel was anchored in a position from which he could see distinctly the flag of Fert McHenry, which was erect- bhastion. | About sunr | vessels of th> British took up‘a position a little ‘more than two miles oppositc the fort.and kept up an incessant and well directed bombardment, with slight intermissions, until the following morn- ing. During that time it is calculated that from 1,500 to 1,800 shells were hurled at the fort, 400 of which fell within the works. Lieut. Col. George Armistead, U. S. A., then 34 years oi age, in command of Fort ‘MeHenry, had the assistance of about 1,000 men. turned the ‘British fire, but soon found | that our shells-fell short of the enem: | and-his gunners were thus left inactiv 1S SCOTT KEY MANSION, 3516:3518 M STREET NORTHWEST. of Upper Mariboro. Here lived a pros- erous and well known physician named illiam Beanes, whose home was se- lected as the headquartes of Gen. Ross. I-mention-this because Dr. Beanes was unconsciously the immediate contribut- ing cause of Mr. Key's presence off Bal- timore during the memerable bombard- ment of 1814. Beanes, it appears, had played host to the British officers while they were occupying his residence. He d a large number of slaves and horses and other valuable property, and most natu- rally thought that discretion was the betier part of valor. = However, his courtesy to the British seems to have misled them into assum- ing that he was pro-British, whereas just the contrary was really the case, since Dr. Beanes had served in the American Army during-the Revolution- ary War and naturaliy was 100.per cent loyal to his own country. * % * % ‘VHAT happened was this: On the day Gen. Ross passed through Marlboro after his triumphant march into the city of Washington, where he destroyed by fire $2,000,000 wortl. of ublic property, including a magnificent rary and valuable archives that mceney could never replace, and while b2 was returning to the British fieet, marauders appeared in the town and were arrested and thrown into the county jail by a committee headed by Dr. Beanes and several friends. One of these imprisoned escaped and informed Gen. Ross of the circum- stances. He ordered the arrest of ‘Dr. ‘William Hill, Philip Weems and Dr. Beanes. - The first two were released, but Dr. Beanes, at Nottingham, was taken aboard one of the British vessels, which, with the rest of the fieet, weigh- ed anchor from Benedict on August 29. C. C. Magruder, jr., .in an article written by him some time since, tells us-that Dr. Beanes was forced to arise from his bed after midnight at the point of a revolver, scarcely permitted to clothe himself and made to ride horseback on a_rough-gaitzd, cidaver- cus animal to Benedict, 35 miles dis- tant. From here the fleet proceeded toward Baltimore by way of Chesa- peake Bay. In the meantime Dr. Beanes' friends were active in his behalf, and it was upon the appeal of Richard W. West that Key was induced to seek the re- leas> of the doctor. Mr. Key was a member of the bar end a brother-in-law of Roger Brooke Tancy, Secretary of the Treasury and the Chief Justice of the United States, who married Anna Arnold Key. He was born upon an estate in Fred- erick County, Md., known as Terra Rubra, August 9. 1780. After graduat- ing from St. John’s College, Annapolis, he married Mary Tayloe Lloyd, who, it is said, showed such indifference for his sopnets that she ‘frequently made curl papers out of them. Shortly after innipg the practice of law in Fred- a partnership with his uncle, Philip Barton Key. He was an Episcopalian and a vestryman of St. John's Church, Georgetown, and wrote for the church hymnal “Lord, With Glowing Heart 1 Fraise Thee.” During the administra- tions of Presidents Jackson and Van Buren he was th time; appointed United States district attorney for the Disiriet of Columbia. Much of the author’s life was spent in this city at his residence in -Old Georgetown, a part of which is still standing at 3516 M street, near the Washington end of the Francis Scott Key Bridge, which was named by Con- gress in his honor. Here he resided from 1808 to 1828 and here, it is said, his 11 children—6 boys and 5 girls— were born. His later residence, at 308 C street northwest, has been replaced an apartment house. The original house was built about 1835 by Henry Weightman, brother of Gen. Roger C. Weightman, mayor of Washington from 1824 to 1826, and occupied by Mr. Key for some time prior to his death in 1843, after which it’ was dis- posed of by his widow. A portion of the west side of the C street residence was devoted to Mr. Key’s office. As a lawyer Mr. Key stood in high pute, and we can easily see that Mr. West could not have selected a better man for the purpose of securing the re- lease of Dr. Beanes, which he immedi- ately pr ded to do. In a letter to his mother, under datc Georgetown, 2d September, 1814, Key =yrote: “I am going in the morning to waitimore to proceed in a flag to Gen Ross. Old Dect. Beanes of Marlboro is taken priosner by the enemy, who threalen to carry him off. Some of his friends have urged me to apply for a flag to go and try to procure his release. I hope to return in about 8 or 10 days, though it is uncertain, as I do not know where to find the fleet.” *.% % - KEY was soon on his way to Balti- more, where he met John S. Skin- ner. who was in charge of the exchange of prisoners, and, the consent of Presi- N Mr. Key and Mr. Skinner were trans- ferred to the frigate -Surprise, and re- consisting of ships of the line, heavy -and vessels—30 -eraft -in all—reached the mouth of the Patapsco, when they and Dr. Beanes were trans- ferred to their own vessel, with a guard ed on that -vessel until the fleet, | time and though constantly -exposed to .a tre- mendous shower of shells. During this under these conditions, Col. ‘Armistead states, “not -a man shrani trom the conflict!"” At one time the British were deceiv- ed into believing-that the’fort was about to surrender -and came in closer, and ed on a high mast not far from th‘i e on the 13th five bomb | He immediately re- ) i { only then were our guns able to reach them, which they did to such good ‘cflcct that the enemy retired out of range of the American guns, continu- ing the bombardment, however, until 7 | a.m. September 14, when it ceased, and jabout 9 am. got under way-and stood | down the river, repulsed. During the bombardment a force with scaling lad- ders attempted to storm ‘the fort, but the batteries drove them back, the gun- ners directing their fire by the blaze of |the enemy's rockets and the flashes of their guns. Though the damage to the fort was naturally considerable, yet the - | casualties included only 4 men killed and ‘24 wounded. Among the killed were Lieut. Clagget and Sergt. Clemm. Briefly, such were the conditions under which “The Star Spangled Ban- ner” was written. In describing the hombardment to Judge ‘Taney, his brothersin-law, Mr. Key said that he and Mr. Skinner remained on deck during the night — watching -every shell and listening with breathless interest to hear :if :an ex- plosion ‘folowed. But it suddenly ceased before day, and -as they jhad no communication with any of the enemy's ships, they did not know whether the fort had 'surrendered or the attack bad been abandoned. ‘They paced the deck ‘for ‘the re- mainder of the night in painful sus- pense, watching with intensc anxiety for the return of day and looking every few minutes at their watehes to see how long they must wait for it. At dawn,and before it was light enough to see objects at a distance, their glasses were turned ‘to the fort, uneertain whether they ‘should see the Stars and Stripes or 'the flag of the enemy. At light came and they saw our “flag was still there.” “Mr. Key ‘then told me,” ‘eontinuas Judge Taney, “that under ‘the -excite- ‘ment of ‘the time he had written a song, and handed me ‘a printed copy «0f ‘The Star Spangled Banner.' * * * I asked him how he found timg in the scenes he had been passing through, to com- pose such a song. He sald he com- menced it on the deck of his vessel in the furor of the moment when ne saw the enmemy hastily retreating to their ships, and looking at the flag he had watched for so anxiously as the moin- ing openeti: that he had written some lines or brief notes that would aid him in ealling them to mind upon the back of a letter which he happened to have n_his pocket.” It was first published in the Balti- (jmore ‘American of September 21, 181¢, and a few days later it appeared in handbill form, and was first ‘sung, so one account states, in a small, one- story frame house next to the Holiday Street Theater, Bcoltimore. In Washing- :rrwxfl:s{. come across it in t&ef N‘lfi— I'thor ntelligencer for September 26, 1814, and 1t s recorded as having been first sung here at McKeown's Hotel, now the Metropolitan, about December, 1814. .ok ok K T HE history of the air is interesting. As far bAck as 1788 it was printed in Scotland, the compeser having been John Stafford Smith, the words, by Ralph Tomlinson, being entitled “To Verses by Francis Scott Key Were Penned in America’'s Youthful Days, in Midst of War of Defense—Anniversary It was written for a musical club called the Sons of n, which was a jovial musical society. Here is the fisst verse: To Anacreon in heaven. where he sat In full lew sons of hazmony sént petition. A fe That he their inspirer and satron would be. When this answer arrived from the jolly ‘oot And besides, T'll mstruct you liké me to en- wine The myrile of Venus with Bacchus' wine. ‘The first one in this country to write a song to this air seems to heve been Robert Treat Paine, jr. ‘This was first sung in 1798, being entitled, “Adams and Liberty.” It has nine verses, the first one being: Ye sons of Columbja who bravely hawe ose rights which unstained from your sires hed descended. taste the biessings your valor ight. your sons reap the sofl which their fathers defended. Mo Sour Nation Toranses . oy incréase. With the giory of Rome and the wisdom of reece: And neer shall the sons of Columbia be laves. While the ‘earth bears a lent or the sea rolls its waves. Story of “Star Spangled Banner” Inspires Devotion to Nation ational Anthem,” as a mat- the as the “ ter of fact, and strictly speaking, United States has never any. musical ¢omposition as its National ode, and is not likely to do so umtil somie Rouget de Lisle appears upon life’s scene and does as well for America as that writer did for France. Loosely speaking, several of our popti- lar airs might be included as National anthems, such as “The Star Spangled Banner,” “Yankee Doodle,” “Hail Col- umbia, “America,” “John Brown's Body” and “Dixie,” each having a con- siderable number of friends and sup- porters in some particular zone. In Washington, quite naturally, we | would adopt “The Star Spangled Ban- ner,” lly because it is most familiar to us, and incidently because Francis Scott Key was one of our own residents, if not a native by birth. and because the incidents which led up to its writing were so closely associated with the District of Columbia. In the Northern States, “America” and “Yan- kee Doodle” would be most acceptable, and of course the Sm::lhtk;;:s"“mxm." Congress, realizing tha is not & unanimous demand for “The Star Spangled Banner,” has always ma A o flgeonhole any proposition would put itself on record in f: any particular piece as the country’s na- tional anthem. Some day the States will furnish a composer who will write & - thoroughly American song, set fo Ahoroughly American music, and of sui- fictent merit favorably to attract the at- tention of Congress. Then, and not until then, will the country have a national anthem. AN OLD PRINT OF THE FRANélS SCOTT KEY HOME. Anacreon in Heaven.” Parenthetically, Anmcreon was a Greek lyric poet lived around 500 years B. C., and the meter of the verse is attributed to him, or i in his style, and therefore known as “Asnacreontic.” Webster tells us it is “a sprightly little poem in praise of love and wine.” Alexander H. Everett also wrote an ian fes- ode to the same air for the Russi tival in Boston, March believed that it was Everet! Key own immortal Although it is common to hear one |ever stir the human emotions and ap- of “The Star Spangled Banner" BY HELEN FETTER. N old adage has it that “a cat may look at & king.” So, 0o, a chef who is an.artist may make or mar the appetite of many famous ‘folk. Such a_chef .is Jiving quietly in Washington, D. C., at present. He is M. Louis Chaudouard, originally of Paris, Prance, but.at-this time owner of a heme in Bethesda. M. Chaudouard has directed the com- plicated culinary affairs of regal vice- roys in their palaces in India, of titled ladies in castles in England and of American millionaires in their luxu- rious and numerous homes in the United States. One of his most recent patrons is Gov. Alfred Emanuel Smith of New York, Democratic candidate for America’s supreme office. M. Chaudouard is a true magician. Ee sits quietly in the little living room of his present home, where an immac- ulate tortoise shell cat curls content- edly beside the door and a framed pic- ture of the Pont de la Concorde, facing the Chamber of ‘Deputies in Paris, hangs over the mantel, and with eyes upon the toy reproduction of an ele-' phant in all the caparison for a royal hunting party for tigers that stands upon the mantel, monsieur can carry his audiences completely into active participation in one of Lord Curzon’s most brilliant hunts, near the Summer palace in 1t is stories of his experiences while chef to Lord Curzon, eleventh Viceroy of India, with details from the many kinds of curry ‘that contain 38 in- gredients and are used for every food eaten in that land -and colorful anec- dotes of the lives of the natives of India that M. Chaudouard most de- lights in telling in his excellent French, with an occasional pause for explana- tion or amplification in a few English phrases. The detailed fund of knowledge that this Frenchman has acquired, not by reading and study of the usual kind, but only through experience and ob- servation, n his 65 years of living, is truly amazing. Louis Chaudouard was born in Paris in 1863 and little thought, when he be- gan to sesk apprenticeship with small bakers and later at caterers’ shops, such as Maison Josephine, that he would one day be private chef to some of the great people of the world, He became an expert in many of the exacting and varied divisions of the culinary art, of which the French are recognized masters. Patisserie, rotis- serie, cuisine, glace and confectionery are all branches of the art which he has mastered. He shook his head sadly even as he mentioned these things, for he has found that while in Europe and India a chef is acknowledged as a great artist and his abilities appreciated and generally recognized, in the United s;:besua chef is justkanolher “‘cook,” , of course, a ‘cool thfi's éhat is a cook, and . Chaudouard hastened to explain, however. that this was not true of Gov. Smith and his attitude while M. Chau- douard was in his service. On the con- trary, this American, whose humble an- cestral home is located in Cavan, Ire- land, and shows a primitive thatched rool.’ was thoroughly appreciative of his chef’s artistry, with .an intelligent ap- preciation that won the admiration of the Frenchman. ¥ ko k M CHAUDOUARD'S life began to * become really eventful in 1884, | when he became chef to Lord Curzon. { who. five years later, became the elev- i enth Viceroy of India, and took his chef, along with the rest of his household, to the palace in Calcutta and, during the pmfl:r season, to the Summer palace in The career of Viscount Curzon while viceroy, from 1899 to 1905, when he re- signed that office, was an exceptionally brilliant one, filled with many unusual experiences. In 1899 he dispatched about 8,000 British troops to South Africa, and the next year about 20,000 were sent to Cl . One of the worst Indian famines on record occurred during his service as | viceroy, and it was generally a period of reform and reconstruction. King Ed- ward was proclaimed emperor at Delhi January 1, 1903. There was an impor- tant political mission that Lord Curzon directed to Tibet in 1904, and, in addi- tion to all the political events, nature chose to punish the land with seven earthquakes in April, 1905. During thjs period. however, was great variety, with much color, there il o e THE GOVERNOR'S MANSION FAMILY. . ALBANY, N. Y., AUDOUARD SERVED AS CHEF FOR GOVERNOR SMITH AND T ek o WHERE LOUIS Copyright_by_P. & A. Photes. the social life of ‘the viceroy and his household. ~There were many 'times when the chet was directed to prepare luncheon for 60 or 80 people, with tea in the afternoon for anywhere from 30 to 100, and also there were official and gala banquets. Sometimes rajahs of the various provinces would be among the guests, which also included foreign princes, ambassadors, generals and many other notables. M. Chaudouard recalls with especial pride the visits of Lord Kitchener, who soon after the Boer War was appointed as commander-in-chief in India, in 1902, which post he held until 1907. It seems that both Lord Kitchener and birds, such as partridge, pheasant and uail. i M. Chaudouard found the keenest pleasure in the long months when the viceroy removed his entire retinue. ac- companied frequently by & large num- ber of guests, to the Summer palace at Simla. Duripg the Winters only the natives stayed in the cold fastnesses of the Himalaya Mountains, all other folk hastening to the lower levels until the first week in February, when they re- + turned to the mountains and remained to September—when great waterfalls, hundreds of feet high, would become swollen by the floods and 30 spans would be necessary in the bridges to cross the | widened rivers. Simla is the chief town of a district of the same name in the Punjab and is iby far the most important of the hill resorts. ‘This Summer capital of the Indian Government is 7,156 feet above sea level and 98 miles in a generally northeast direction from Ambala. | Sinee 1903 Simla has been connected by a mountain railway with the Pen- insular Railway System. When M. Chaudouard was a member of the viceroy’s entourage this moun- tain railway did not exist, and he tells most entertainingly of how he and the viceroy’s personal secretary and the butler of the household we sent ahead to ‘makg all in readiness sor the -vice- Lord Curzon were especially fond of there until'the rainy season—from June ! roy’s coming to Simla. They were treated with great respect and had special and very elaborate meals pre- pared for them at the three stops on the railway to where one would now take this mountain train. Then strong men in rickshas carried them on. Strong ponies carried the servants. The trains were surprisingly luxurious for those days. With the accompanying guard of natives and the other serv- ants, whose labors they were to direct, the small group of leaders would cover the mountainous distance that was the strenuous climb to Simla. * oK K K 'SIMLA is a very beautiful place, built on a series of wooded ‘hills on ridges {covered with deodars, rhododendrons and many varieties of exquisite ferns, 11t commands a magnificent prospect of the Himalayas, one of whose peaks, Mount Everest (29,002 feet) is the high- est measured mountain in the world. 1t is customary for the governor general (the viceroy) and the commander-in- j chief to go into residence m Simla for | six_months of every year. This tract of hill country was ac- quired by the British in 1816, as a re- sult of the Gurkha War, and has been augmented by purchase and exchange. The first house was built in 1819, and the first. viceroy to select Simla as a Summer residence was Lord Bentinck. At present picturesque villas dot the hill ridges, and clubs, banks, hotels, churches and schools are located there. During Lord Curzon’s regime, however, things were still in a more primitive state, and when there were many guests gathered for hunts and other gay func- tions provided by the viceroy there were streets of tents numbering 400 to 500 %o accommodate the party. Atsuch times M. Chaudouard would have 50 servants directly under him, to prepare all the food for these guesis. ‘There were, in addition to the cooks for fowls, vegetables, etc. groups of candy men, pastry speclalisis and many others. When Lord Curzon would entertain M. LOUL WAS CHE (;()YBRNQR. Chef Who Served Famous Men Now Livi Louis "Chaudoua.rrd. Who Accompanisfl Lord Curzon to India and Also prac;ticed His Art in Palatial Homes Elsewhere, Has Residence Near Washington—0Once Employed by Gov. Smith. AUDOUARD, NOW LIVING IN BETHESDA, MD., WHO FOR A VICEROY, A COUNTESS, A GENERAL AND A at a picnic party in the mountains the preparations under the care in- :g:,ded aendlnmx sometimes as meny as natives carry everything, hours ahead, & distance of 10 miles. Each native had some particular thing to carry — some silverware, others linen, others baskets of fruit an their heads. still others special delicacies; and as the principal dishes were prepared with care, each was taken by one or two na- tives in the climb up the mountains. When the picnic party arrived on the scene, & regal feast was always most artistically presented, correct and ap- petizing in every fastidious detail. As for the transportation pf the guests themselves to the picnic spot, there were relays of stout little mountain horses, with many horses for ‘each guest, to make the constant climb to the point :h’csen. riding directly up the moun- ain. On the tiger hunts, when, frequently, many famous people rode in the hooded seats perched on the backs of any- where from 3 to 12 elephants (depend- ing on the size of the ), much inded _these events. untain lambs would be chosen as the bait for the tiger. Beveral thousand natives would gradu- ally beat the jungle brush huge clubs, closing in all the time upon the tiger, once he been located. Then, as the circle narrowed, the carrying the armed hunters, would come to the front and there would be a moment of excitement until one of several bull had killed the tiger. With all bis .ulinary ecxperierce, galucd 11 ihe master school of French cooking, the one thing which M. Chaudouard most ardently advo- cates in the line of food is Indian in origin. It is curry, which adorns every kin " of food eaten by the white people in India. Curry is used for lamb, fish, . partridge, vegetables, rice, etc. Curry is the “salt of the Orient,” and is used both in powdered and paste Here M. Chaudouar lously into & | flour, which he may stir with some | water from a little mountain stream paste that he eats drink of water may be all he gets for many miles of travel. An odd fact about many of the na- |tives, due to their religions, was fre- | quently brought to the attention of M. | Chaudouard. bers of sect {known as Animists the oldest religion |of India, worshiping many gods and | holding the cow as a sacred animal, jand the Hindus will not touch animals to eat the flesh, nor will they even handle dead animals which are to be repared for other people to eat. Thy ve most devoutly that if they do so they will “lose their religion.” There are eight kinds of religion people of India—that is, . They include . the Hindu, the Moham- Buddhist, the Christian, Jain and the Parsee. These natives also eat no eggs, and the Hindus generally live on raw cab- bage and cucumbers, with crude use of grains. L I IN 1902 Louis Chaudouard left the service of Lord Curzon and re- turned to Paris, where, in June of that year, he was engaged as chef to Mrs. Guggenheim, who brought him to the United States. M. Chaudouard was with until the World War. He left them and in 1919 re- turned to France, where he stayed for four years. He also was chef for the Countess of Warwick for a while be- fore returning to the United States. He lked America, however, and in 1923 came back, and for six months was chef to Gov. Smith at Albany. prides himse!f especially on the beauti- ful spun sugar Easter pillow that he made for the governor, with a gay dif- forent-colored sugar on it for each member of the Smith .M. Chau- douard speaks with particular enthusi- gy Ry er.r & ice V- ing pictures in the drawing room in the evenings, when the whole household was invited to enjoy them. M. Chaudousrd came to Washington and was chef for the Italian embassy, for Countess Szechenyi at the Hun- garian legation and also for Mrs. Arthur O'Brien, who introduced her daughter, Allison Roebling (now Baroness von der Elst), to society a couple of seasons 2g0. M. Chaudouard was urged to go inf forms. ‘The common base for curry is tu- meric, fenugruk and sago. Ginger, black and cayenne peppers, coriander, onion, garlic, caraway and many other spices are added, according to the in- jenuity and taste of the chef. M. haudouard made fresh and different curry for every dish, and stated that it requires about 45 minutes to make an artistic curry. It is made first into a paste and sometimes allowed to harden and be ground into a powder. Those not natives of India must cat curry; it is an absolute necessity in that climate, to prevent liver trouble, particularly, and also many other ail- ments. In practically every case, a taste fo. cu must be cultivated. Once cultivated, however, many come enthusiastic about it, and, like M. Chaudouard, claim that no is lete without this oriental condi- ment. M. Chaudouard also spoke elo- quently of the deliciousness and pos- sibilities for culinary art in the native fruit, the mango, of India. ‘The natives of India eat most simply, people be- | tine to business for himself and decided to do so. He opened the Maison Louis, a la ville de Paris, on Wisconsin avenue. But M. Chaudouard was an artist, not ." While he alone, for there formerly Leon- France, who came to the ice of Mrs. tional French. Mme. Chaudouard has ;nveleu eo:.-.ldenbly. too, ul,or she was or some time governess Bgyp- tian prince: . . - 25, 1813, and it is 's plece that | adop had in mind when he penned d, and they There is However, the American people lote “The .Star Spangled Banner,” and no matter what song may eventually oe ted, they will always revere the lofty sentiments therein expressed. { There is a thrill to the song that will peal to the soul of every patriot. As {Judge Taney has said: “The scen= which he describes and the warm spirit of patriotism which breathes in the | song were not the offspring of mcre i fancy or poetic imagination. He de- seribes what he actually saw, and he | tells_us what he felt while witnessing | the conflict, and what he felt when the battle was over, the victory won by his countrymen. Every word came warm from his heart, and, for that reason, even more than its poetical merit. never fails to find résponse in the heart: of those who listen to it.” * * ok % STRANGE as it might seem, compara- tively few people know that ihe 7 | original Fort McHenry flag. which in- spired the song., is now and has for some years past beemr on exhibition in the north hall of the old building of the National Museum. During the bombardment one shell passed throush it, but it is still well preserved. Orig- inally it was 27 feet 6 inches by 32 feet 10 inches, but in the early days some small pieces were clipped from the end and presented to different people, the result boing that as the flag stands ti- day its length is reduced to about fits original height. It was made as a garrison flag for Fort McHenry by the wife of Heary S. Pickersgill of Baltimore. experienced difficulty in finding a r large enough for the purpose of ting 1t together and consequentl: forced to Tesort to a nearby brewc: this purpose. _After the bombardment Col. Armistead retairied the flaz as a memento, and it is still the property of one of his descendants. Previous to its being deposited in the Museum, it was used upon a number of public occasions, principally when it floated over Gen. Washington's war tent at the time of the reception to Gen. Lafayette quring his visit to the United States in 1824, and again in 1880, when it formed a striking featur> of the celebration at Baltimore of the battle of Fort McHenry, having 2a guard of honor of 200 descendants of those who fought under it when the “Red Devil of the Chesapeake,” as the British admiral was called. tried to de- stroy Fort McHenry and take the city of Baltimore. In the Museum, in the same case with the flag, is a silver punch bowl given by the citizens of Baltimore to Col. Armistead for his heroic defense. It is in form and size of the largest bombshell thrown into the fort, the ladle in form of a shrapnel shell and powdes blets represent T barrels. mgvh‘:n you motor through Upper Marlboro stop long enough to see the grave of Dr. Beanes, and the next time vou drive your car through Frederick, enter that city by the Clarksburg route from Washington, and just on the outskirts you will see Mount Olivet Cemetery, and in a circular plot, care- fully cared for, you will find & monu- ment on which is a tablet inscribed: Wriiten by Francis Scott Key. Die m‘; 1780. August 9, . ‘fnd then the lines of “The Spangled Banner.” — Colored Snow and Rain. IN certain parts of Spain last Winter red and black snow fell. The phe- nomenon is explained as being due to | the presence in the atmosphere in un- usual quantities of various mineral salts. History mentions a day when “the heavens rained blood.” In the Middle Ages such an occurrence was accepted ad predicting war or famine, or, at any rate, shedding of blood. January 11, 1843. Star | black snow is in the mountains carried by the ;;s'es "‘d‘m o ted, wi an ipital by the dampness of the uir'.,wp 4