Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 2, 1958, Page 16

t | ey Inter - Americon News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR —_. [ey @ 4 SAN ROMAN & President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruts Manacine &ditor . W. View . SMITR 8. SMITB President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vieo President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomes Advt. & Cire Mer Publisheo dally except Monday ~ Gmtered as second classy matter a the Post Office of Miam! Springs Fla. on February % 1950. EDITORIAL A REGIME OF INTER A MERICAN PROTECTION FOR HUMAN RIGHTS The President of the Republic of Costa Rica, Engineer José Figueres, in an exclusive interview granted to THE AMERICAS DAILY, published on Feb. 19, advocated in- ternational protection of Human Rights, on the basis of solid ideological principles and official declarations of the United Nations Organization and the Organization of American States. “Human rights are no longer a matter for the exclusive jurisdiction of each State, and have become an interna- tional responsibility,” declared for THE AMERICAS DAILY the outstanding Latin American statesman, who, during the interview, developed the idea with meritorious doc- trinary reasoning. Although the concept of international protection for Human Rights has been making progress for many years, and has found vigorous support in transcendental docu- ments of the UNO and OAS, it is evident that the fact that the President of one of the American Republics has proclaimed it vehemently, gives it an extraordinary im- portance which can be reflected soon in the field of prac- tical realizations. Perhaps it would be convenient that the Government of Costa Rica, whose head is ideologically interested’ in international protection for Human Rights, submit to the consideration of the other Governments of America, through its Foreign Office, a project the juridical instruments, of tending to create or perfect obligatory international en- forcement, to convert into reality the ideal of the Human Rights. It is well known that this would require a long process of consultations and serene studies by those who have to assume the responsibilities of establishing the provisions and the Inter American inspection for enforcement of the respect due to Human Rights. In the field of American In- ternational Law, of course, it would be a great step forward, perhaps of unsuspected transcendence, not only because the immediate purpose would be achieved, but because the ins-. titutional way would be open, to say the least, to reach other goals of moral, political, social and economic conquest, within the modern conception of interdependence of the States and, above all, of Inter American solidarity. Neo matter how long it is required in the process of consultation and study, and no matter what other technical procedures may have to be followed to achieve this trans- cendental advance in the field creative work of a system of Ii of publie law, some ‘day this nter American protection for Human Rights has to be initiated, and possibly it would be opportune that the President of the Republie of Costa Rica, through official channels, make a continental consultation regarding his opinion on this inspiring and generous matter. kk * Latin American Finance xk ok * and Trade News Reports UNITED FRUIT NET INCOME INCREASED $1,000,000 BOSTON —(UP)— The United Fruit Co. and subsidiaries report- ed net income of $31,454,756 for 1957 compared ‘with $30,283,130 for 1956. . Net earnings per share last year were $3.59 compared with $3.45 in 1956. Gross sales last year totaled $342,324.549 against $342,693,168 the previous. year. | Cash and Government securities | as of Dec. 31 amounted to $59, 973,785 compared with $69,804, | 669 at the close of 1956, both ex- clusive of the insurance fund of $5,000,000, Capital expenditures in 1957 amounted to $31,904,295 compar- ed with a depreciation charge of $21,779,177. A capital budget of $17,971,289 has been -authorized for 1958. Added to $27,222,619 un- expended from previous authoriza- tions, this makes a total capital program of $45,193,908. Of this total, $15,455,230 is for new ships, $25,563,270 for expen- ditures in the tropics, and the bal- ance for miscellaneous require- ments. Estimated capital expendi- tures for 1958 are $27,000,000. CHEZ MILHET, “Dinners at Home Service”, apnounces the opening, on March 3, of a new location, in which the service will include popular American and _ international dinners, at 1984 N. W. 7th. in Telephone FR 1- Several Years Needed te Open Latin American Common Market WASHINGTON. (UP). — Milie Kybal, Director of the Washington Office of the U.N. Economic Com- mission for Latin America (ECLA) declared here that several years will be needed to establish the common market and to achieve in- dustrial and agricultural integra- tion of the 20 Latin American countries. Bybal made the statement at a meeting in the Pan American Union, attended by high officials of the Organization of American States (OAS), as well as diplomats and Department of State officials. Bybal reported on the meeting held recently in Santiago, Chile, in which seven Latin American statesmen prepared fundamental Plans for the establishment of a Latin American common market, on the same foundations as the European common market. The purpose of the common market is to allow each country to raise and manufacture for the others whatever it can produce better and cheaper. Brazil, for instance, would send coffee to Ar- gentina in exchange for beef and wheat. The trade would be with- out custom’s duties and through a central monetary system. Kyhdi said the progress made by the European common market has |had an encouraging effect in the Latin American countries. He warned, however, that there are still many obstacles to be remov- ed, He also said the common market will help Latin America to indus- trialize faster, pointing out that for 1975 the Latin American coun- tries will have a total population of some 275 million inhabitants, of which 33 million will have to be employed outside of agricul- , kk Subscribe te the Americas Daily | ne ne People to HAVANA, March 1, —(UP).— The Cuban Episcopate issued a statement calling on the people “for the establishment of a natig- nal union government to enable our country to return to a politi- cal and peacefull normal life”. The statement expresses “pro- found sorrow” of the Episcopate “before the terrible situation the —_—————— AW. ry 43 by. WIN PENDLETON NOTEWORTHY SPEECH The other day, a Florida Con- gressman made a speech in the House. As speeches go, it didn’t cause much of a stir. It didn’t make national headlines. (Neither did: Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address at the time he made it.) We think that the remarks of Congressman Billy Matthews are so timely that we recommend them to you. Space does not permit printing the en- tire speech — a copy might be obtained by writing directly to his office, but in part he said: = “I am going to suggest seven musts for the survival of our na- tion and not a single one of them will cost any money. . .The first must that I would suggest is this: We must realize that money can- not solve all of our problems. I have been somewhat fearful since we began the present session of Congress to note a feeling that I think is too general that all we have to do now to win this fight for survival. . .is just to spend more money. . « “The second must I want to sug- the fact that: The words ‘our’ re- sponsibilities’ must assume equal status in our thinking as do the words ‘our rights.’ evaluate properly the statement ‘all men are created equal,’ In dis- cussing how to evaluate these fa- mous words of Thomas Jefferson, Matthews pointed out that many orators today are saying that ‘all men are equal.” He then explained that he believed in equal opportun- ity for everyone, but that in the field of education, the bright stu- dent should not be held back in school by the students of lesser ability, “The fourth must that is essen- tial,” Matthews continued, “if we are to survive is: We must be honest with ourselves and the rest of the world... “The fifth must is the fact that: We must solve our fiscal pro- blems. ..the interest on our na- tional debt is closely approximat- ing $8 billion a year. If the peo- ple of the’ sovereign states did not have to pour this vast amount of money, into the Federal cofers, think, if you please, now many schools they could build. . .the new hospitals. ..new public buildings . « .in every county in the union, “Now, a sixth must is: We. must preserve our form of government.” country and the aims of those who wrote the constitution. He continued, “The philosophy that the states are incapable of solving their problems to me is one of the most dangerous philosophies preva- velent in America today.. .. We find the Supreme Court in many decisions taking away from the states. certain responsibilities and privileges which should belong to the states. . .We must realize that our form of government is dif- ferent. . .and we must have. . .a clear division of powers as among the executive, legisative and ju- dicial and we must never fail to realize that this is a sovereign na- tion composed of sovereign states. The only powers given to the na- tion are those powers that the states, themselves, delegated to the Federal government. “The Seventh must is that: Each of us must sacrifice. Plato said that when the citizens of a republic had rather serve the republic with their money than with themselves, the republic is not far from its fall. We need to have in America to- day more than ever before a sense of service to the people of this nation. y “These seven musts will chal- lenge each of us to do our part... in the race for survival that eon. fronts us.” gest if we expect to survive is| “The third must is: We must | He spoke of the founding of our | For @ better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, MARCH 2, 195 Prelates Call on Cuban Bring Peace With aUnion Government, Republic is living, in partiewlar in The Oriente region”. The text of the declaration lows: “The Cuban Episcopate holds with profound sorrow the terrible condition the whole Re- public is living, the Oriente region in particular. Hatred increases, charity lessens, tears and sorrow invade homes, brothers’ blood is} shed in the fields and cities. fol- be- “Responsible before God and men because of our condition of spiritual leaders of our people, we feel responsible to do our best to bring again love and end this lamentable situation of our coun- try") “Guided by these aims, we make a call to all those of different ideo- logies to’cease violence, and that, looking forward toward the com- mon welfare, seek as soon as pos- sible the remedy to bring again material and spiritual peace our country needs so much. “To this end, we do not doubt that those loving Cuba will do their share before God and history to contribute any sacrifice to at- tain the establishment of a na- tional union goverment, able to return our country to a normal po- litical ann peaceful life. “The Government and Cubans to decide this important goal can count with our most heartful pra- yers, as well as with our moral/ support. “Signed: Manuel Arteaga, Arch-| bishop of Havana and Bishops of Cienfuegos, Pinar del Rio, Matan-| zas and Camagiiey; Auxilliary Bi-| shop of Havana and Archbishop of | Santiago de Cuba”, DEMOCRATIC SOLUTION PROMISED BY BATISTA HAVANA, Mar. 1. (UP).—Pres. Fulgencio Batista declared that he has made and continues .making “all possible efforts to achieve a democratic solution of problems among Cubans”. : He added that “it is painful to see group or individuals trying to | solve poltical differences or achie- | ve their aims thorugh violence, te- rror and bloodshed”, Speaking to the ministers who resigned to ‘be candidates of the Government coalition parties in the elections, Batista told them they “have a, patriotic mission to accomplish, trying to consolidate a majority which elects you to go- vernment positions, in elections which must be beyond reproach”. “T have always wished, and fer- vently wish —he added— that we, Cubans, respect one another in or- der to live in complete harmoy, according to the law. I wish from the deepest of my heart that all manifestations of fratricidal strug- \ gle among Cubans may, cease. I hope that the Christian feelings I have observed in my relations with the citizens, and toward the homes whose troubles and sorrows I feel as a man and as a father, will reflect now in the electoral cam- paign, and that from the Govern- ment —if God and the people give !you victory— you will turn it for the common good. Meanwhile, I will continue waiting for the peo- ple to freely choose in the elec- tions, governing with good will ‘Argentine Mission Ends Task Behind the Iron Curtain RETURNING AFTER PLACING ORDERS FOR $26,000,000 ROME, Mar. 1.(UP)— The Ar- gentine Trade Mission which ne- gotiated purchases of steel and machinery for a total of $26,000,- ‘000 with countries behind the iron | curtain, will leave Monday for Bue- | nos Aires, A communiqué issued by the Ar- gentine Embassy reports that the mission, presided by Undersecret- ary of Trade and Industry, Radl Ondarts, “‘has completed its mis- sion.” Ondarts and the ‘other seven members of the delegation arrived Thursday from Prague, and. Mon- day they will leave for their coun- try, via Madrid, © The communiqué says: “The Argentine Mission sent the Buenos Aires Government a tour of Eastern Europe, has com- pleted its task with the purchase of steel materials and machinery, us- ing eredits Argentina had in those countries, “In 40 days the mission, Presid- ed by Undersecretary Ondarts, vis- ited Russia, Czechoslovakia, Poland Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, making purchases for a total of 26 million dollars.” This total in the communiqué is one million dollars more than the announced by Ondarts himself when he arrived at the Rome air- port. “Although the missio ‘is in Italy only on its way to Buenos, Aires — the communiqué adds— On- darts is paying a courtesy visit to the Italian Minister of Foreign Trade, Guido Carli.” Argentine sources affirmed that the mission has no plans for nego- tiatons with Italy. The mission is waiting for news from Moscow and Belgrade about final contracts ne- gotiated in Russia and Yugoslavia. Two Charged With Homicide in Death! of Puerto Ricans | NEW YORK (UP)— Police charged two men with homicide to- day in connection with the three latest wood alcohol poisoning deaths that brought the total thus far to 19, José Bellido, 42, and Norbertoy, Diaz, 30, both o fthe Bronx, were booked early today on homicide charges stemming from the death in the Bronx Friday of three men. Preliminary investigation indicat- ed they died of wood or methyl al- cohol poisoning. Also booked on charges of vio- lating liquor control laws was An- na Jackson, 45, superintendent of the building in which police said Bellido and Diaz stored and sold their liquor. ‘Three other men died Friday in East Harlem, where all the vic- tims had been found until when the Bronx deaths were discovered., All were Puerto Ricans. « Detectives said Bellido and Diez denied selling any of their liquor in East Harlem, Authorities con- tinued the sarch for the primary toward all Cubans”. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS TRUJILLO‘S RANCHES GET SPECIAL BRED CALVES BY PLANE Forty-two specially bred Texas claves went by plane to Ciudad Trujillo for new homes on the Do- minican Republic ranches of Ge- neralisimo Trujillo. The cattle were gathered from various ranches in Texas and ship- ped to Miami’s quarantine station. After inspection, they were load- ed aboard a Pan American World Airways Cargo Clipper for the flight to Ciudad Trujillo. The aircraft was fitted with Pan American’s special aluminum cat- tle stalls. CHILE WILL WEATHER CRISIS, LYON SAYS WASHINGTON (UP)— U. §. Ambassador to Chile, Cecil Lyon, expressed confidence that Chile that it now faces in the fight against inflation. He told the United Press on ar- riving by plane from Santiago that would weather the economic storm | ment will be representatives the ministries of Nayy, Agriiulture, | the Chilean people would make GUATEMALA CITY, March 1. General Miguel. Ydigoras Fuentes, who obtained the majority of votes in the Guatemalan elections of Jan. 19, and ‘later was appointed to the post by the National’ As- sembly, will be inaugurated tomor- row as President of the Republic, in solemn ceremonies attended by representatives of many countries. Among the prominent delegates to the inauguration is Mario Echandi, President-elect of Costa Rica. An avowed enemy of Com- munism, General Ydigoras has pledged to lead his country through the paths of genuine democracy. During his visit to the U. S. capi- tal, he pledged that his country “will: join the United States in the first line of attack in the fight against communism. Shortly after becoming Presi- dent-elect, General Ydigoras is- sued <his “Democratic Creed”, which he will follow during his term in office. It reads as follows: As President of the Republic, moved by the desire to give full guarantee of my democratic be- liefs to the People of Guatemala, I do re-affirm that upon assuming this High Office, my government will follow these fundamental po- licies and programs: 1. Strict enforeement o fthe Con- stitution and the Laws of the coun- ; 2. Absolute independence of the Supreme Court and the Legislative Body; . 3. Freedom of the labor organi- zations that are run honestly-and assurance of democratic, periodic elections of their officers, seeking THE AMERICAS DAILY | their affiliation with the large noa- Communist, Organizations; 4. Continuous endeavor to ac- complish effective social justice and to promote better public health and improevd sanitation programs; 5. Provision for free education up to and including university- college level, making school \ at- tendance compulsory a tprimary school level; 5 6. Freedom of speech and free- dom of the press; 7. Assurance of political free- dom, with emphasis on freedom of action of non-extreme political parties; 8. Maintenance of an efficient, effective Army for defense and not for political purposes; 9. Cration of an efficient police foree to protect the public interest, eliminating at all times fear by the individual o fthe authorities and of possible repression; prohib- iting the use of physical and men- tal tortures under any circum: stances; 10. Elimination of the ancient practice of exile and confiscation of property; 11. Bringing to thz Public Ad- ministration the most qualified~m and women, without discrimination because of present or past politic- al affiliation, provided that they are of democratic inviction and) uphold Anti-Communist beliefs; 12. Making every effort to re- duce the extreme poverty of my ‘People, improving their living standards and working condi- tions, promoting better and more housing and lowering the cost of living. LIMA, Pert. (UP). — Alejandro Hilario Flores told police here how at the age of 20 and on a salary equivalent to $11 a month he managed to acquire five wives: “It was easy”, he said, “I just told each girl I was single and not engaged and let natural female vanity take over from there”. Police are trying to untangle the romances of the swarthy, angel faced restaurant busboy. His case came to light after Alejan- dro was picked up on Feb. 9 in a routine missing child investigation. Alejandro later was cleared —but not before four common— law wives came to headquarters to plead on his behalf. Each woman claimed she was “Mrs. Flores”. One wife was lead- ing two children, aged three and one, Another nursed a baby of four months. Alejandro looked on calmy while introduced themselves to each other. ‘As, policemen chided him, Flores told the “there’s still one missing”. Police compiled this history of the four surprised young women) source of the alcohol. the necessary sacrifices in order |. to put their economy back on its feet, Lyon resigned as Ambassador to Chile and it has been reported: he will be reassigned to Paris where he will occupy the second | most important post at the Embas- | sy, Minister-Counsellor. The career diplomat expressed regret at leaving Chile where, he said, “I have so many. friends.” He declared that should he return to Chile in ten years he knows he would find “enormous progress” in that country. MEXICO ESTABLISHES FISH TECHNOLOGY DEPT. MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Gov- ernment announced it had estab- lished a department of “Fish Tech- nology” to cooperate with the Unit- ed Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAQ) in a program. to intensify the exploitation, distri- bution and consumption of aquatic products. he Participating in the new Ss cl Public Works, Public Health, sury and Economy, conquest: RIO MENTIONS BANKERS AS POSSIBLE ENVOYS “RIO DE JAN&IRO (UP)— Two prominent bankers were mention- ed today as the most likely candid- ates for Brazilien Ambassador to he United States succeeding Er- nani do Amara; Peixoto who will resign next month, Lucas Lépes, president of the National Development. Bank, and Sebastiao Pais de Almeida, presi- dent of the Bank of Brazil, were mentioned as leading the list of Peixoto’s probabie successors. Peixoto is quitting the Washing- ton post to rua for Governor of the State of Rio de Janeiro, a pos- sible stepping stone towards the Brazilian Presidency. TOTAL PAYMENT OF * MEXICAN OIL DEBT payment of the for lebt by the nationalization of the Mexican petroeium industry in 1988 will be completed in 1962, oil officials re- ported today. im Officiais said México has been Peruvian, 20, Manages to Acquire Five Wives, on S11 Monthly Salary Four years ago, when Alejandro|- was 16, he began living with Fran- cisea Canto, then 17. They have two sons, ages 3'and 1. Things were going well at home so Ale- jandro opened a branch office with Juana Alarcon Rosas. She is now 17 and mother Of a four- months-old baby. Flores’ third conquest was Zoila Paredes, now 20. His fourth was Olga Vilches, also 20. His fifth wife, not iden- tified, is pregnant, police said. As Alejandro explained to police while absent-mindedly combing his long straight black hair: “I always made an effort to cause a good impression’ on each girl,” he said, with a prim, profes- sional air. “I) told each one L was single, not engaged and without responsibilities. I let natufal fe- male vanity take over from there. That is about all you need to win a woman. It was easy”. None of the girls showed any anger toward him. They had only one complaint —that Alejandro never gave them anything but love and really should contribute some- thing to their support. Latin America n News in Brief original debt of some $210,000,000. Preparations are underway now to commemorate the 20th anniver- sary of the nationalization de- creed by President Lazaro Carde- nas March 18, 1938. TEXAS MEXICAN COOPERATION MONTERREY. México (UP) — Texas Governor Price Daniels de- clared that the proposed El Diablo Dam wili become a reality, water- ing lands in Texas and Coahuila, and that final agreements on the international rigation project will be ceached this year. Daniels and his wife left for Aus- tin after a good will visit to this Nuevo Leén Capital sponsored by the Monterrey Good Neighbor Committee. Accompanying the Governor and his wife were Johnson Murray, re- presenting the international Good Neighbor Commission; Derwood Manfora, President of the Texas Association Hydraulic Enginners; Joe Grakil of the Texas Supreme Court, and Manuel Head, Vice Pre- sident of the Texas Association of Trea] paying approximately $8,500,000 a year toward the liquidation of the Autobuses, ; Member Inter American Press Association C For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 202 Gen. Ydigoras Fuentes to be Inaugurated Today as President of Guatemala ISSUES “DEMOCRATIC CREED” TO BE GUIDE DURING HIS TERM IN OFFICE Opposition Forces Must Have a Sense of Responsibility In- a well defined and well conceived democracy, it corre- sponds to the opposition forces to discharge a supreme mission within the poltical structure of the State. : Any country whose ~political forces are not adequately bal- anced between Government and Opposition, regardless of wheth- er this equilibrium is measured or not with mathematical preci- sion, must necessarily face the threat of serious disturbances in its institutional and demo- cratic set-up. Speaking in general terms, it can be said that as important as the Govern- ment is the Opposition, because they both have a high mission to fulfill in the national picture, Under circumstances more or less normal, the opposition forces may act independently among themselves, whenever this opposition is divided in groups or parties. Each one of those groups or parties not only could, but should act in a way favorable to its administrative program and to its political objectives, doing every effort to obtain as big a following as possible so as to be in a position that would permit it to influence or decide, as the case may be, the future of the Republic, in conformance with its ideological viewpoints. This, naturaly, implies a great political responsibility towards the State. When the case is not one of normal circumstances, as men- tioned in the preceding para- graph, the forces opposing a totalitarian regime that is ia every way harmful to the Nation, should consider as theirs an obligation of much larger pro- portions, in the sense that they must coordinate all efforts to accomplish what has to become a supreme national aspiration in the face of such painful reality: the restoration of the democratic form of government. In such case, there is no room for detailed argumentation of groups or parties, according te their particular standpoint in administartive or political as- pects, but, rather, it is impera- tive to pursue no other objective than the salvation of the Repu- blic, on the basis of an eminently sinrple program that may assure the restoration of order, of peace and of democratic progress, at least in their most important manifestations. The program of work should be fundamentally plain in its. en- deavor to defend the supreme in- terests of the country, avoiding exaggerated propositions of pro- gramming that may give margin to differences of opinion that debilitate ‘collective action or, what is worse, completely annul it. In the case of a grave crisis, movements of national scope should be organized, in which the citizens and their love and loyalty to the Republic may constitute. the most vigorous element of unity inspiring all those who in good faith wish to achieve the restoration of the supreme moral and _ political values of thpir Fatherland. Once this noble proposition is. accomplished, let then the nor: mal and unavoidable political discrepancies among parties and Broups appear, until that time when, under the encouragement of democracy, the right party to govern the Republic during-a certain period is found,” within the free play of the insti- tutions giving life to the State. PETEN -DEVELOPMENT » COMMITTEE FORMED GUATEMALA — Development of Guatemala’s vast Peten Depart- ment covering almost one third of the national territory, is to be ac- celerated through the recently created Peten Development Com- mittee. Made up of seven aetive and five standby members, the committee is charged with all pha- ses of industria! agricultural, com- mercial and cultural development of the region, Rich in forest 1 sources. the Peten is also the m center of oil: MRP Its wide savannas lend themse admirably to cattle raising