Evening Star Newspaper, June 6, 1937, Page 13

NEWPARTIES SEEN FORMING IN APAN {Three Major Political Groups Will Emerge From Present Set-Up, Says Observer. BY FRANK H. HEDGES. TOKIO, June 5 (N.AN.A.).—The rather quixotic attempt and failure of the resigned Hayashi government to form a strong Rightist political party, during the brief 30-day elec- | tion period constitutionally provided in Japan, does not mean that such a party with decided Fascist lean- ings will not emerge in the very| near future. In fact, its birth and growth have | become inevitable because of the na- ture of political developments and the current conflicting trend of po- litical thought in Japan, as exemplified in the cabinet of “national union” formed this week by Prince Konoye, in which non-party and bureaucratic ele- ments hold control. There must come, and that speed- fly, a reshuffing of political lines | which will result in three major politi- | cal parties, each representing a dis- | tinct political philosophy, each enun- ciating a platform more concrete than 1& customarily the case in Japan, each drawing its strength from those | sections of the public whose view: 1t represents. Right Wing of Thought. These three groups will represent | the right wing of thought, or the | Pascist-militarist-state Socialist ideal- | ogy; the left wing, or the labor ele- | ment and the more extreme liberals; and the middle wing, or the more | conservative, yet tolerantly liberal | school of democracy and parlia- mentary government, backed, in all| probabllity, by the greater part of the capitalistic worlds. | The Seiyukai, one of the two prin- | eipal Qarties, was dangerously near | disintegration earlier this year. Then the violent attack by the government on the party system, dissolution of the Diet and calling of a general election, and the heated anti-gov- ernment campaign which ensue averted this and brought a tempor- Ary unity to the party. Such unit; being artificial, it is apparent that | the Seiyukai will split within itself. All through the period opening with the World War armistice in 1918 and closing with the Mukden incident in 1931, party government, parliamenta- | rianism and almost & worship of de- mocracy in politics prevailed in Japan. | The two great parties all gave service to these causes, as did press and pub- | lie. Consequently, there was no open- | ing for the Labbr party, which was endeavoring to struggle into life, Choice Offered to Public. The Mukden incident of September 18, 1931, brought the triumph of the militarists and their seizure, with the | consent of the public, of control of the government. The views of the War office on politics are radically dif- | ferent from those of the parties, and 80 & choice was at last offered the | Japanese public. For four years and | 8 half the public chose the military | program, with its grandiose schemes for relieving all of Japan's economic woes in the new empire of Manchu- | kuo, for making the republic of China in effect a satrapy of Japan, for re- | turning to the golden age when the | Bhinto gods walked the earth and | Japan was supreme, at least as rep- resented by orthodox Japanese myth- ology. The abortive military revolt of Feb- | ruary 26-29, 1936, and the failure of the army to make good on its prom- | ses awoke the people of Japan to | hard realities. Public support began | rapidly to drift away from the military | program and to look back ]ongmnly‘ to the day when the political parties | had been in control. This served to solidify the extremist element in and out of military circles, and they em- barked upon a path in the direction | of a Japanese form of facism, advo- eating state control of industry and eapital, shearing the parties and the Diet of all power possible, and® cre- ating a militarist-burea tic gov- ernment direct r the throne. Three Parties to Emerge. ‘This has, naturally, brought about 8 situation where very genuine po- | Btical issues must now be fought out fn Japan. No longer will the voters merely choose between individual can- didates in a national election. They will be compelled to choose between @ifferent and conflicting political Mdeologies, different theories of gov- ernment and of the economic system, | different platforms and policies. In | the regrouping of political forces will emerge the parties of the right, the middle and the left. The Shakhai Taishuo, or Social Mass party, will represent the left wing, although a new party name may be adopted and the labor element less Stressed. The third major party will have a8 its backbone a merging of the | principal strength of the two existing middle-liberal parties, the Seiyukai and Minseito, again probably under a new name. Within this party will be found all the moderates, all the liberals who do not let their liberalism run away with them, men from all walks of life who ardently desire to see their pation adopt and practice genuine democratic government. (Copyright, 1937, by the North American H Newspi Alliance, Inc.) Curtain Falls BALDWIN BEFORE RETIRE- MENT FROM PUBLIC LIFE. STANLEY BALDWIN, Who steered the empire and the monarchy through the crisis of abdication and the change to a new reign, leaving his house in London for his final appearance in the House of Commons as Prime Min- ister recently. ide World Photo. |NILE DAUGHTERS CONVENE TODAY Supreme Session to Continue Through Saturday at May- flower Hotel. ‘The Daughters of the Nile will open their supreme session at 1:30 p.m. today in the Mayflower Hotel, under the direction of Junior Past Queen Bertha M. Bromwell. Sessions will continue through Saturday. Other events today include a gar- den party at the home of Supreme Princess Royal Florence K. Lee, 2807 Chesterfield place, at 4 pm., and a banquet at 7 p.m., at which W. Free- land Kendrick, founder of the Shrin- ers’ Hospital for Crippled Children, will be guest speaker. ‘Tomorrow the Registration Com- mittee, which includes Minna Rauch, Helen Luckett and Maud H. Shelton. will be on ty at the hotel from 8 am. until noon Other scheduled events this week are Wednesday — Supreme officers' luncheon, 12:15; queens’ luncheon, 12:15; patrol luncheon, Lotus Cafe, 12:15, and delegate’s banquet, 7 p.m. Thursday—Past queens’ luncheon, 12:15; line officers’ luncheon, 12:15, and installation of officers and for- mal ball. 8 on[y trailer that's the. BUSINESS and PASSENGER and dn Get topmost luxury, longest serw T ico lif + 51 All-steol % chassis, fram s, roof, all- * electric-welded into ene rigid ) piece. Lighter, sSronger than woed. Triple insulated — eom- 35 fortable slways. A lifetime in- vestment in health and freedom} TE-T= see Your HAYES o Community Motors, Inc. 6621 Wisconsin Avenue Chevy Chase, Md. HAYES TRAILERS BUSINESS AND PASSTNUSR « Bug B4 & PoCorobtoomg Pun o Rvery one who wears bifocals will appreciate this 50% savings. White seamless lenses ground for reading and distance. EYE-STRAIN HEAD- ACHES POSITIVELY RELIEVED. 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