Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 23, 1958, Page 14

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR G A SAN ROMAN President &. Vice FRANCISCO AGUIRER Vice Pre‘fent and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managine fditor W. SMITE President 8 SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomer Advt. & Cire Mar. "cen speach aR RES RSS ER OPTS ATSC @ublishea daily except Munday — Entered as second clays matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February 8 1930. EDITORIAL YDIGORAS FUENTES IN WASHINGTON | General Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes, President-elect of Guatemala, arrives in the capital city of the United States today, in a visit to this country by official invitation from the White House. ° This gesture of President Eisenhower is of great significance, and in the field of Inter American relations will be felt as an effort of the United States to strengthen the friendship bonds between this country and the gen- erous Guatemalan nation, as well as to continue the re- ciprocal coperation which had its foundations in the historic visit to Washington of the assassinated ex-Presidente Colo- nel Carlos Castillo Armas, who ,restored democracy in Guatemala, after several years of serious communist in- filtration in the Government. From the viewpoint of political morality, Eisenhower's gesture also has new significance, in the manner in which General Ydigoras Fuentes was chosen to occupy the post of President within a few days. It should be remembered that he is to assume Power by the will of the majority of his people, and with the intelligent and patriotic support of his principal oponent, Colonel José Luis Cruz Salazar, whose supporters, following his suggestion, decided to back Ydigoras when, for technical reasons, there was an impas- se in which Congress, dominated by Cruz Salazar, had to decide the election, because the majority candidate did not get the number of votes required by law. Ydigoras Fuentes has had the great moral and civie satisfaction of having received support of his fellow citizens on three different occasions, as candidate to the Presidency of the Republic: When he was the opposing candidate of Colonel Jacobo Arbenz, who, for reasons that is not op- portune ‘to bring up now, received the corresponding credentials; when he won the elections shortly after the assassination of Castillo Armas, and in the recent elections which substituted for those held before due to alteration of the constitutional order. On three different occasions Ydigoras Fuentes has received the support of the majority of the Guatemalan people and, for that reason, speaking in terms of democracy, it is the greatest satisfaction a citizen may have. THE AMERICAS DAILY extends cordial greetings to the distinguished visitor, with the most sincere wishes that the bonds of friendship he is to establish with Presi: dent Eisenhower and high officials of the Washington Government, may be beneficial to Inter American solidarity, to the, democratic anti-communism of the Guatemalan people, and the progress of that Central American country, the reconstruction of which, after the red devastation, was started by Castillo Armas, and which, no doubt, will be continued by his illustrious constitutional successor. THE “GRITO DE BAIRE” On this anniversary, glorious for the Cuban people and for American history —that of the “Grito de Baire” for freedom— THE AMERICAS DAILY pays homage of respect and sympathy to Cuba, with a tribute of admiration for the heroes of Cuban independence, who, in 1895, encouraged and gave impulse to the great desire for freedom of the people, starting again the struggle which later resulted in final victory, This date is propitious for all Cubans, with the pa- triotism characteristic of that noble Nation, to meditate on the need of finding an immediate formula that may return the country to a climate of harmony, of republican peace and democratic stability, which have been lost, temporarily, during the political struggle. “x ** a) eee Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports COFFEE PRODUCERS HOLD NEW SESSION MEXICO CITY (UP)— The seven-nation coffee conference, meeting here, held its third ses-| sion and discussed a reciprocal control system to enforce the “Mé- xico City Agreement” which the seven nations signed last Oct- ober, Under terms of the pact, México, Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, Ni- caragua, Colombia, and Costa Ri- ca agreed to hold in reserve an amount of coffee equal to 10 per cent of the naticnal export to pre- vent a slump in coffee prices. They also agreed to accept period- ie production quotas. The delegates considered today mutual checking plans to insure that each signatory complies with terms of the agreement. Andrés Uribe of Colombia said that the meeting here had been, as he had anticipated, “of a rutinary character” He explained that the “Mexico City Agreement” had stipulated the holding of meetings “every so often to study the ef- fectiveness of the measures estab- lished in the agreement.” CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY MEETING IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)— Engine- ers and technicians from Méxieo, the United States and Great Bri- tain are participating in the se- cond National Congress of the Construction Industry which open ed here yesterday. Simultaneously with the con- gress, an exposition called “the new México being built by the peo- ple and the state,” will be held. Exhibits show the latest advan- ces made by the Mexican con- | struction industry. Foreign visitors attending the meeting include representatives of the Architects Institute of the United States, of the Technical Aid Division of the United Na- tions and of the British industrial companies Babcock and Willcox Ltd., the Engtish Electrie Com- pany Ltd., and Richard Costain Ltd. NO GAS SHORTAGE IN MEXiCO CITY MEXICO CITY (UP)— Petro- leos Mexicanos (PEMEX) said in- creased demand by motorists driv- ing to the bullfights and- football games and not the reported break ‘in a pipeline caused a temporary gasoline shortaye Sunday. “It is completely untrue that a pipeline was broken as reported | by an afternoon paper,” the head | office of the nationalized petro- leum industry announced. “Deliveries of gasoline have been and continue to be com- pletely normal,” the statement said. “Last Sunday afternoon, due to the extraordinary demand in two city areas, because of a bullfight and a football soccer events, the supply of gasoline was soon sold in several gasoline stations, but they were latet supplied and the situation returned to normal in a short time,” the statement said. The newspaper report had said there had been a break in the pipe- line linking the southern poza rica oilfields with México City. For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI §) Fourteen Firms Said to be Ready to buy Cuban Nickel Mine WASHINGTON, Feb. 22 (UP)— the Administration they are rea- dy to bid for a $100,000,000, U.S.- owned nickel mine in Southeast Cuba, informed sources said here, However, before bidding the firms want the Cuban Govern- WIN PENDLETON CATTLE FEED PROBLEM — WASHINGTON SEE SAW FRAn CATTLE FEED PROBLEM — its regular work and gave the Re- publican members a chance to tra- vel around the country and speak at the dozens of Lincoln Day din- ners that were being staged to raise money. Democratic Senator Hoiland took advantage of the lull to rush to Florida to get a first hand look at the plight of the cattlemen. H had been sucess- ful in putting the government’s emergency feed program on a “save the cattie” basis. Authori- ernment surplus cattle feed first and ask about the money later. When the time limit expired, he was able to have it extended to Feoruary 28th. One problem: the farmer must Some 14 U.S. firms have notified | Last week, Congress eased up on]. ties were instructed to issue gov-| From U.S.A. ment to spell out what taxes must be paid. Officials from these firms, the General Services Administra- tion (GSA), and the State Depart- ment have been conferring on and off for the past three months with Cuban Government officials in Havana on the matter. The mine at Nicaro is owned by the U. S., Government, but a subsi- diary of Nation®] Lead Co., and a small Cuban private interests group operate the mine that an- nually produces 50,000,000 pounds of finished products. Nickel is be- ing used in increasing quantities in the production of rockets and missiles as it is valued for its toughness, durability, and high heat-resistance, The United States started the plant in 1942, today it represents a net investment of $85,000,000. It is now operated on a profitable basis, primarily because the Unit- ed States pays relatively few taxes, about $160,000 a year that go mostly towards Cuban workers so- cial security and retirement funds. USS. firms have hesitated in bid- ding for Nicaro because the Cuban Government has told GAS that the new owners will have to abide by the “Cuban New Industry” law passed by the Congress in 1953. The law, aimed at encouraging for- | eign private industry to set up | shop in Cuba, exempts new indus- | try for a ten-year period from pay- ing certain taxes and import du- ties on plant equipment. However, the law does not’ ex- empt payment of the stiff import duty on fuel, But under its pre- sent contract with the Cuban Gov- ernment, Nicaro need not pay the fuel import duty. U. S. officials have pointed out that since Nicaro }uses a great quantity of fuel to |make the finished nickel it would pay a high price for this feed Plus | he almost impossible to operate freight and handling charges —| profitably while paying the import | about twice the current marke | duty on fuel. value. (That is, if the government | should decide iater on to bill him The officials have expresed con- for it.) To pcevent the farmers | fidence thhat the Cuban Govern- from being ruined by this type of | ment will allow new owners the coliection, Holiand is arranging for. Uncle Sam to give them $1.00 a hundredweight subsidy and has asked the railroads to cutt heir in the famous “hay-lift” to the stricken West). By now, it is ex- peéted that this plan will be work- ing smoothly. (Ever since the first cold wave hit Florida, the chief work in Holland’s office has been to help find ways to feed Florida’s starving catlte.) WHY NOT FLORIDA, TOO? — While Holland was worrying and working over the frozen and flood- ed cattle Congressman Bob Sikes was urging Governor Collins to do something about the emergency food program for Florida’s poor people. Sike wants Florida to ac- cept the Government’s plan to dis- tribute surplus food to the needy. Forty states participate in pro- gram. Florida does not. Under the pian. those products that are in surpplus are distributed to folks on relief rolls. At the present time the items include powdered milk, cheese, year ago Sikes tried to get Col- lins to go along with the plan, but the State welfare officials advis- ed against it. Now that the freeze has hit so hard. the five southern- most countries bave been granted some of this food. Sikes wants the whole State to benefit. He wants Collins to go all out for it. Estim- ate here is that it will mean mil- lions of dollars worth of free food would be taken from our over- crowded warehouses and distribut- ed in Florida. a {KE'S. MAIL — Congressman Billy Matthews has written anoth- er. The moment the President's statement about spending $2 bil- lion on post offices was issued at the White House Mr. Billy began to write his letter. “Y didn't believe the President meant what he said,” Matthews explained “On one hand he said he was planning to spend to keep us away from a depression, but almost in the same breath he was asking that the Congress cut back many of our most essential pro- grams.” Congressman Matthews explain- ed to the President how Florida had suffered {rom the cold this winter and suggested that he not cut back our flood control money, or vocational training, or the 90 per cent tobacco parity, and other services, He then pointed out.to Mr. Eisenhower the many ways that he could restore prosperity in Florida by spending some of that $2 billion. He listed projects that would take car2 of about $50 mil- lion. He recominended among oth- er things, a new Post Office at Wiuliston and PaJatka, a new vet- erans’ hospital in Gainesville and a new addition for the Lake City Hospital, freight rates in half for this emer- | gency. (This was done last year) flour and corn meal. A} er letter to President Eisenhow- | | exemption on fuel. However, the | Government of President Fulgen- | cio Batista is facing mounting po-| litical opposition that charge the government “is giving away our natural resources.” For this rea- son it is estimated the tax matter will not be cleared up until after June 1 presidential election. GSA announced last November the mine was for sale. It said the | Cuban government did not want to buy it but the Cuban Government} had expressed hope that private | Cuban interest would from part of | the new ownership, U.S officials think # possible that the Cuban Government might insist that at least 25 per cent of the stock be offered to the Cuban public as the U.S-owned Cuban Telephone Company did several years ago. However, many U.S. | firms may be wary. of offering | stock to foreign nationals, it is be- lieved. Tra D. Beynon who handles the mine for GSA said in November | the announcement was made to curb rumors that the U.S. Govern- ment was making secret deals with certain U.S firms to buy Nicaro. The huge mine, a town in itself, | has its own water and power sup- ply, police and fire departments, | docks, stores, hospital, ete. About 20 U.S families live there. Nicaro is located in Oriente | Province where rebel outfits are | fighting Government forces. How- ever, it is 85-100 miles across a mountain range from the battle PRINGS, FLA, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1958 ‘Dulles’ Lack of Action on NATO OAS Cooperation Disappointing WASHINGTON, Feb. 22 (UP)— Latin American support for closer links with other free world allian- ces is on the wane, diplomatic ob- servers said here. In fact, these sources said, only prompt and resolute action by Secretary of State John Foster Du- les could now rescue the idea from oblivion. Dulles advanced a proposal for developing closer bonds between free world regional alliances at the North Atlantic Treaty Organ- zation NATO council meeting in Paris last December. RESPONSE IS GOOD At that time, most Latin Ameri- tan representatives to the Organi- zation of American States OAS in Washington responded favorably. But now they are reported to feel that Dulles’ failure to push his suggestion with substantial ac- tion has virtually scuttled the proposal. Diplomatic sources also point out that apparent lessening of East- West tensions has removed a sense of urgency for closer binding of the free world. TAKES FORM Latin American disappointment most of the 20 OAS representa- tives rejected State Departrhent suggestions for initial contacts’ be- tween the Secretaries General of OAS and NATO. Originally, OAS officials thought closer ties with NATO might en- hance the prestige of the western hemisphere organization. But diplomatic sources said some of these officials have had second thoughts. They are now debating whether it would be wise to lend the prestige of OAS to purely de- fensive pacts that might one day dissolve. COLOMBIAN MILITARY: JUNTA WILL RESPECT ELECTIONS RESULTS BOGOTA. (UP). — The Military Junta Government ratified its de- cision to relinquish power on August 7, in favor of the. Presi- dent elected by the people in May, adding that it has no candidate. The statement was released by Major General Gabriel Paris, Pre- sidente of the Junta, who expres: sed the Government’s concern about the division within the Con- servative Party, which has agreed with its traditional opponent, the Liberal Party, on a policy of na- tional union, Maj. Gen. Paris said the Arm- ed Forees will not allow the Presi- dential Palace to be converted into, a “refuge of partisan sec- tarism”, stating that the conserva- tive division is hampering the na- tional union sponsored by the Go- vernment, although, rival groups, as well as the Government, ap- prove it. PAYMENT TO PANAMA SENT BY THE U. S. A. WASHINGTON (UP)'— The United States has transmitted $1,- 930,000 to Panema in its annuity payment for 1958 the State De- partment announced. Payment of this amount each year is called for by tfeaty in compensation for the rights, pow- ers and privileges. granted to the United States “in connection with the Panama Canal Zone.” Under the provisions of the U.S. Panamanian Treaty of Mutual Un- derstanding and Cooperation of 1956, the amount of the annual payment was increased from scenes, | HEMISPHERIC. EVENTS _.PERON IS FOUND TO BE EMBARRASSMENT SOURCE WASHINGTON. (UP). — Res- ponsible diplomatic sources said that the Dominican Government has told former Argentine dicta- tor Juan D. Perén to leave the country as soon as he ean obtain a foreign visa. The sources, who reflect the views of the Dominican Foreign | Ministry, said the Dominican Go- ;vernment had found Perén to be |“a source of embarrassment. It was indicated that Perén would not be expelled ‘but that at his own. initiative, | That way, the-sources explained, there would be no question of the Dominican Republic violating the widely observed rights of political high dominican officials would) urge him to seek asylum elsewhere $430,000 $a $1,980,000. Peron became a controversial figure in his latest haven after the Argentine Government claim- ed he was continuing to issue ins- tructions to ‘his supporters in Ar- gentina in direct violation of the rights of asylum, ARGENTINE WORKERS RETURN TO JOBS BUENOS AIRES, (UP).—Build- ing workers at Mendoza and Mar del Plata have returned to work following acceptance of an employ- ers counteroffer but the 34 day old strike continues in the rest of Argentina. The settlement means payment of a minimum raise of 18 pesos a day against the thirty pesos asked. Talks will continue regarding the twelve pesos difference. It is | | | in First Free Elections Argentines Voting Today took concrete form this week when | Nation has BUENOS AIRES, Feb. 18. (UP). Argentina holds its first free elec- tions in 30 years tomorrow, to ‘replace the provisional govern- ment which supplanted the dicta- torship of Juan D. Perén. More than ten million men and women have registed to vote in fil- ling more than 70,000 offices on the national, provincial and local level. Only two of the 13 presidential candidates —Arturo’ Frondizi and Ricardo Balbin— are considered | major contenders. Both represent | factions of the Radical Party which has headed opposition to the Pro- visional Government of Gen. Pe- dro E, Aramburu. Perén, in exile in the Dominican Republic, made it clear yesterday | that his followers will support) Frondizi. The Government has assigned the army, navy, air force, coast guard and frontier guard to keep order at polling places and guard| ballot boxes after the voting close. | More than 6,000 men wil be on/ election duty in Buenos Aires alone. National offices to’ be elected tomorrow include: The President and Vice-President, 46 senators | and 187 representatives. The yo- ters also will choose governors and lieutenant governors for the! |N@ 1, where the gas tanks of the in 30 Years 22 privinees and senators and re- presentatives for the 22 Provincial | Legislatures. On the local level, the voting will select several hundred city mayors and many thousand city aldermen. SABOTAGE FEARED IN GAS. EXPLOSIONS LA PLATA, Feb, 22. (UP), — Some explosions were produced in the gas and oil bottling plant for domestic and industrial. purpose) of the State Oil Monopoly (YPF). Moments later, the plant was turned into flames» and smoke} which all firemen available were fighting. The plant is located about | . 20. blocks from the ‘City. The principal explosion occurred | in the greater tank of gas in dock Government are. Flames continued after the ex- plosion and. some feared, , they might propagate to cover: a group of workers, houses near the tanks. Big flames raised high after-the explosions. 1 A great part of the city was eovered by the smoke. The cause of the explosion could) not be discovered. Some pointed} out the possibility of ‘sabotage.| Some 35,000 workers heve been! on strike for a week, and for this reason naval forces occupied the gigantic refinery of La Plata, CARACAS,. — A special rocking| bed designed to assist the breath- ing of polio victims has arrived in Caracas, “last ditch” fight by doctors of Caracas Polio Hospital to save the life of 12-year-old Myriam Chambers, daughter of an American working here for Mene}| Grande Oil Company. Myriam was stricken last Octo- ber and her case took a severe turn for the worse six days ago when she suffered a cerebral hem- orrhage and went into’ a coma. When other equipment failed to keep her breathing properly, spe- cialists prescribed the rocking bed. Gently rocked by motors, it stim- ulates natural action of the lungs and it is hoped it will keep her alive until other complications of Rivera ~ Cruz Requ Miami attorney Rafael A. Rive- ra-Cruz has petitioned the Leon County: circuit court for an injunc- tion to stop a statewide election next November for revising Flo- rida’s Constitution. ‘ Rivera-Cruz said the present Constitution requires that a vote first be taken on whether the peo- ple of the state want the docu- ment revised. If they vote yes, then the state Legislature must eall, a state constitutional conven- tion within six months to revise the Constitution, he said. : The proposed revision includes a series of separate article -by article amendments to the pres- ent Constitution. It is endorsed by Gov. LeRoy Collins. But Rivera-Cruz, whe said he | Latin America n News in Brief. dance an efficiency, in the form of bonus payments. PROMINENT ARGENTINE DIES IN URUGUAY MONTEVIDEO. (UP).—Dr. Ma- riano de Vedia y Mitre, President of the Argentine Academy of Let- ters, died here after a heart at- tack, at the age of 76. ' He was a noted lawyer and the | author of several works on Cons- titutional Law. . His literary work included trans- lations into Spanish of some of Shakespeare’s, Shelley’s and Oscar_| Wilde’s plays and poems. Dr. de Vedia, on‘a visit here from Argentina, was stricken and taken to the Italian Hospital where he died. : . NEW APPOINTMENT FOR . proposed to condition this part of asylum, the raise to punctuality, atten- ‘Special Polio Bed | to Save Stricken American Girl, 12 Stop Constitutional Revision Vote | By UNITED PRESS not represent any other group, | Panama Canal Company this July. Flown to Caracas her illness are solved. As it was impossible to move the patient, a search was made for the special bed. One was obtained from a factory| in Long Island, New York, rushed} by air to Miami where a Pan American World Airways Cargo Clipper was kept waiting for its) arrival. After a non-stop flight to Venezuela, the flight was met by | officials of the airline and, the oil company,..who rushed it through customs to a waiting truck and off it went to the hospital. The parents, Mr. and Mrs. Jo- seph B. Chambers, are maintain- ing a constant bedside vigil as ef- forts continue to bring the girl from her coma. ests Injunction to acted on his own volition and did called the proposed revisions “mere patchwork. If we vote: for it, we may not have .a -chance again for 50 or 75 years to really revise the Constitution”. George John Miller, Miami. at- torney who worked with the Con- stitution Advisory Commission in drawing up the proposed revi- sions, said the convention system described by Rivera-Cruz ‘was im-} practical and “has. never been used in Florida”. ae “In my opinion, our. method is sound and in compliance with the present Constitution,” said Miller. “here is no requirement that the product of a constitutional conven- tion must be approved by the people”. i a Army named Col. John D. Me- Elheny to become Lieutenant Gov- ernor of the Canal Zone Govern. ment and Vice President of the McElheny, now. special assistant to the Assistant Chief of Army Engineers for Military Supply, will succeed Col. Hugh M. Arnold. Arnold will be reassigned to Fort Bragg, N. C. A native of La Rue, Ohio, Mc- Elhenry graduated from west Point in 1036 and has beeh a career army engineer officer. The reassignments were jointly announced by Assistant Secretary of the Army George H, k, Chairman of the Board of Gover- nors, Panam Canal Co., and Maj. PANAMA CANAL ZONE WASHINGTON..—(UP),.— The Gen. E. C. Itschner, Chief of Army Engineers. ~ : Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 196 TEMPERATURE | Ay contigrade| : The Catholic Church and the Dynastic Regime of Nicaragua In. Latin America, the Catho- lic Church is identifying itself more and more with popular > causes. of sound moral orienta- tion and for that reason, the ec- clesiastic authorities must come face to- face with certain re- gimes that constitute, in the political ‘field, the negation of “human dignity and of the free- *doms inherent in citizenship. The attitude of the church is basically manifested in the de- fense of the: moral values -of the community, which are always in--eonflict with a certain type of-autocratic governments. . In such a noble and dignifying struggle, the illustrious Bishop — of Matagalpa, in the Republic of Nicaragua, was the leading figure in an incident that devel- oped between the high church authorities of Nicaragua and the governing dynasty, Monsignor Octavio José Cal- derén y Padilla protested before the government for condoning gambling, which is incompatible with public morals, and which he most energetically condemned. As a result of this, the Prelate was treated by the authorities in sych manner that he was prompted to issue a publi¢ protest. The incident had not become, perhaps, a national case if the Head of the State had not. tried to. minimize its im- portance during a press confer- ence with words that forced the yigorgus and proud Bishop of Matagalpa to state: “It sounds very strange. to me’ that .the President of the Republic has said that the incident was of no importance. The President himself, during a press confer- ence, said that Nicaragua needed many priests and protestant min- isters to Christianize the people and lead them to righteousness”, and then concluded with these words, which echoed all over the Catholic community of Ni- earagua, that loves rectitude and courage: “Regardless of the disrespect I may be subjected to, I will follow the rules of morality”; . . In’ view of the governmental indifference; in view of the lack of interest shown by the Chief of the State and by the Chief of. the Army .-—the brothers Luis and Anastasio Somoza, respectively— who, within the sui generis reality of Nicaragua control all the Organs of Public Power, the Bishop of Matagalpa traveled to the capital city of Managua, where all the illustrious Prelates of the Nation got together. From that meeting emerged a highly significant letter addressed by all the Bishops to the President voicing their protest for the in- sults proferred in his own ju risdiction against the distinguish- ed minister of the Bishopric of Matagalpa and also for the ims prudent statements —to say the least— made by the Chief of State in reference to the inci dent. Later, in. view of the result- ing crisis of a national scope, arid in view of the support of the Nicaraguan people to their virtuous aud illustrious spiritual leaders, the counselors of the dynasty. recommended to the President and to the Chief of the.-Army that they reply in a respectful manner, with apolo- gies, to the denunciation of the Bishopric of Nicaragua, that, for the sake of appearances, would put an end to the incident. For those who are familiar ‘with the reactions of the Latin American: people, this incident is highly transcendent morally and politically. The warnings advanced from the cool altitudes of Matagalpa by the disciple of Christ —Monsignor Calderén ¥ Padilla— in defense of morality, have resounded throughout the Republic and possibly have con- tributed t create a political ,environment that at the last moment led to the President's attitude with regard to fathering a constitutional amendment — rejected by him before — tha would eliminate the omino threat of dictatorial and 4d; tic ‘continuism in the govern- ment, forbidding presidential re- election and anti-Republican sue- cession. by close relatives: of the President, js