Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 22, 1957, Page 14

inter - American News for English - Speaking people cane 5th YEAR @ A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managine Fditor c. Vice W. SMITH THE AMERIPAS DAILY 8 SMITR President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire Mer Publishea daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February 8 1950. EDITORIAL RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE AMERICAS The Organization of American States will be whatever the member Governments want to make of it, said in his famous Caracas speech Dr. announcing his resignation OAS. Alberto Lleras Camargo, in as Secretary General of the Precisely, this constitutes one of the great. responsi- bilities of the Governments of the American Republics, which is to lend dignity in every possible manner to the functions of the Organization, observing, individually, a decorous conduct, which may be collectively constructive. If the ideological quality does not correspond to the pi ricanism, and if their attitude of the member governments rinciples of genuine Paname- s do not tend to surround the OAS with good judgment and prestige, this great institu- tion will suffer transitory eclipses, from the viewpoint of the trascendental mission it has to fulfill in America. If the twenty-one Governments respond to the ideals that have made the Organization possible, it will be, with- out doubt, an agency of extraordinary world significance, and of great benefit for the people in all of the countries composing the Inter American System. The political morality therefore, a very important of each Government plays, role in the genuine prestige of the OAS, and the good judgment of each regime deter- mines, at least proportionally, the efficiency of every program that has to be developed for the benefit of the twenty-one countries by the ments should have excellent Organization, whose achieve- projections in the juridical, political, cultural, economic and social fields. The words of the illustrious ex President of Colombia, Dr. Alberto Lleras Camargo, the Americas, reminding ow continue echoing throughout r peoples of the great need there is to have good Governments, so that, as a faithful reflection from them, the above mentioned Organization may be able to completely fulfill, without interference, the outstanding mission it has to It is to be hoped that in accomplish. the minds of the people there will never be a loss of faith in the Organization of Ameri- ean States, which has been a happy result of the great idea of the immortal Simén Bolivar, whose thought was the foundation for this regional system. . * ee Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports ECONOMIC POLICIES OF PARAGUAY WASHINGTON, D. C. — The President of the Central Bank of Paraguay, Dr. Gustavo F. A. Storm, stated in his Annual Report for 1956, issued recently, that the pro- gram of monetary stabilization — established by the Central Bank on March 1, 1956 when Paraguay’s foreign exchange system was sim- plified — was undertaken after the country had experienced several years of economic distortions pro- voked by monetary inflation and multiple exchange systems. The program was initiated with the approval of the Government and with the assistance of the Interna- tional Monetary Fund. The Report points out that the success of the program is illustrat- ed by changes in a variety of in- dices that reflect a declining rate of increase in prices and an ex- pansion of production. rose by 5 per cent, to $36.7 mil- lion during 1956, although unit prices of some principal ex-) port items declined. Imports were held to $28.2 million, despite a reduction in direct controls. From the resulting trade surplus, $3.3. million was avaiable to service the foreign debt and to permit some accumulation of foreign exchange assets. One of the principal objectives of the program has been to re- strict excessive credit expansion. As a result, the expansion of total bank credit during 1956 was held to 13 per cent, in contrast to 77 per cent in 195d. Despite the re- strictions ‘on credit expansion, the Central Bank believes that a bet- ter distribution of the new credit granted resulted in the productive sectors of the economy receiving _ ample amounts For example, 48 | per cent of the new credit grant- ed vy the Central Bank during | 1956 went to industry. | The inerease of 34 per cent in | the currency issue of the Central Bank last vear was about the same as in 1955 the 1956 increase, how- ever was due in part to an im- proved foreign exchange position. The cost of living index rose by 18 per cent, whereas in 1955 the increase had been 25 per cent. Wage adjustments in March brought about a .rise of 25 per cent in the index of workers’ salar- ies, which suggests a significant increase in real wages during the year The index of the volume of national production rose by 8 per cent. to the highest level in six | years. The number of cattle slaugh- || tered rose from 65,000 head in 19- 55 to 76.000 in 1956, and output of logs and sugar expanded signi- . Exports | the} made possible a further simplifica- The success of the program tion of Paraguay’s exchange sys- |tem on August 12, 1957 when ex- change controls were eliminated and a single fluctuating exchange rate for all transactions in for. eign currencies was established. The Central Bank has. stated that its firm intention is to continue the program. The success of the pro- gram will become more evident as the economy has more time to adjust to it. BRAZIL STARTS PAVING 9,000 MILES OF ROADS WASHINGTON, D. C. — Brazil, lagging behind other Latin Ameri- can countries in the paving of highways, has. started a program for paving almost 9,000 miles of roads during the next three years. The country had 1,600 miles of | paved roads in 1955 compared to México, which had 16,000 and Ar- |gentina, with 7,000. One of Brazii’s main problems, the National High- | way Department, has been finding |a source for bituminous binder. |The need has been filled. by using }a form of tar produced as a by- | product from one of the steel mills and asphalt, which is now being produced by the national petro- jleum organization. ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN BRAZIL, PERU WASHINGTON, D. C. — As an initial step toward greater econom- ie integration, particularly with re- specc to the Amazon Basin region, Pert and Brazil have recently sign- ed a treaty calling for the imme- diate establishment of a commis- sion to formulate a joint develop: ment program, The two Governments also agreed to conclude an agreement for the establishment at Belem do Para of a free port for Peruvian Atlantie coast imports and ex- ports, FIVE OIL COMPANIES JOIN IN VENEZUELA WASHINGTON, D. C. — For- mation of Patie Operations, Inc., to operate a 152,000-acre conces- sion in the Venezuelan waters of the Gulf of Paria, has been an- nounced iointly by five U. S. oil companies Four drilling _ plat- forms were erected in the conces- |sion area, and drilling of the first exploratory well started in Octo- ber. The companies taking part in the venture are Texas Company, Continental Oil Co, and Ohio Oil Co.,, each with a 25 per cent in- terest in the concession; Cities Service Co., 16 2-3 per cent, and Richfield Qil Corporation 81/3 |according to Fer a better understanding between the Americus MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1957 Production Increase in Latin America for 1958 Predicted in WASHINGTON, Dee. 21 (UP)— In reviewing the prospects for cattle raising and agriculture Latin America for next year, the Department of Agriculture points out that during the 1956-57 period, Argentina began to recuperate some of the land which was lost during the previous ten years un- der the government of Juan D. Pe- WIN PENDLETON DISASTER RELIEF COMING — From his hospital bed in Bethesda Naval Hospital where he is recov- ering from an operation, Senator Spessard Holland took the lead in seeking Federal aid for Florida growers hit by last week’s freeze, Although his movements were re- stricted, he was in constant touch with his office staff. Long distance calls, telegrams, results of confer- ences with the Department of Agriculture, all were relayed through the hospital switchboard. Result: William T. Shaddick, State Administrator of the Farm- ers Home Administration was au- thorized to conduct a complete sur- vey of the vegetable, fruit and berry damage due to the freeze, Upeoming (due today or tomor- row) is a recommended list of counties for the President to de- signate as “disaster areas’. Latest word from Holland’s bedside is that the Senator hopes to attend the Orange Bowl game. PARTY TIME — There were two parties slated for December for Floridians in Washington. (So- cial, not political), Last Friday night, the Florida State Society held a Christmas Party atthe Amer ican Newspaperwomen's Club- house. It was well attended and lasted into the wee hours. Tonight (December 19), the University of Florida Washington Alumni Club is entertaining in the Caucus Room of the Senate Office Building, Egg nog and a film — the LSU-Florida game. TAX CUT COMING — In spite of the clamor to spend more for National Defense and missile de- velopment, the Ways and Means Committee has been quietly study- ing the possiblity of killing some of our excise taxes. These taxes were put on during the war as emergency measures, but are still on the books. Congressman Syd Herlong is in favor of calling a halt to such taxes as those on handbags, cosmetics, telephone calls, and some of our other nui- sance taxes. He spent last week in Washington; meeting with fellow- members of the Committee; look- ing over the whole excise tax pro- gram. At week’s end he would make no prediction about the out- look for tax cuts next year. He plans to push his tax reform plan which he introduced last year. CHINA BERRIES VS RATS — The other day we were looking through a copy of the first Agri- cultural Yearbook, dated 1849. At that time, Federal work in agri- culture was centered in the office of the Commissioner of Patents. He issued two reports that year, Volume II being devoted to agri- culture. Most of the report was made up of letteis that he had re- ceived from farmers from through- out the country giving their ideas on all phases of farming and farm life. In his report was a communica- tion from a David L. White, . of Quincy, Gadsden County: “I have for 30 years steeped my seed-corn in nitre brine, a pound of nitre and eight ounces of copperas to the bushel of seed-corn, the grain to remain in steep from 48 to 60 hours before planting. My rule in’ selecting seed-corn is to ride myself into the field accompanied by two hands with bags, seeing that they select only from stalks bear- ing two good ears, and of these the largest is gathered. My seed- corn is then put away in a new crib erected on high wood posts four feet above the ground, leaving one and a half inches between the weather-boarding and cover, This crib is located about 100 yards from my corn-house. When hous- ing my corn, I lop a china-tree and throw a quantity of berries, leaves and all, into the house with each load of corn. After the experience of a number of years, I find this to be a good preventive of weevil; and since I adopted the plan, my house has never been infested with Tats,”. in | Washington rén, in the field of agriculture and cattle raising. “The results show an important increase in production compared to that of last year,” said the De- partment. Nevertheless, there are indica- tions that a small reduction will be registered in 1957-58, since the | planting of grain is estimat- ed to be 10 per cent less than that of last year. “Also less wheat and sunflower seeds were planted this year than last year; but the increase in the price of corn as well as the use of more modern methods for harvest- | ing crops induced farmers to; plant more corn, and it is possible that the increase will reach 20 per cent more. If the weather stays good, the corn crop should be one | of the best in many years,” says | the Department. | Flax seed should also stand out in the crop picture for 1957-58, | since the exténsion of land dedicat-| ed to this crop is now larger than | in previous years. : The Department of Agriculture also observes that milk production is gradually increasing each year in Argentina for the past five! years, and also that butter, casein, and cheese production have im- proved. The export of these three last products has given the coun- try a considerable amount of for- eign exchange. At the same time, it is hoped that Argentine wool production will increase, in order to go over the figure of 364.000.000 pounds produced. in 1956-57. Exvort would also be stimulated when the wool | men would receive more profit in Argentine pesos. Uruguay — It is expected that agriculture and cattle raising pro- | duction in this country will be able to recuperate from the bad effects of last year’s drought and that wool, wheat, and flax seed pro- duction will notably increase. On the other hand, it is possible that eattle and meat production will de- crease. BRAZIL — Brazilian agriculture production for the 1957-58 year period, according to estimates of the Department, will be higher than last year. Increases in the production of coffee, sugar, wheat, and meat will be registered, but there will be decreases in cotton exports and an accumulation of surpluses in coffee and cocoa. “Tt is very probable.that the pro- duction of food stuffs for local consumption will continue to in- crease in Brazil, since from re- ports already received, it is known that there has been some expansion in wheat planting in the south of Brazil,” says the Department. The Department, on the other hand, expects an increase in the export of agricultural products from the U. S. to Latin America in 1958. The increase will partly be caused by the drought which has occurred in certain countries such as México and the Central American countriés, which will compel them to import more. Cuba and Venezuela had a pros- perous year during 1957 and it is expected that the level of their Terrorist Band Uncovered By Argentine Govt. —The Chief of Police of Buenos | Aires. Province. Col. Desiderio| | Fernandez Suarez, announced that |@ terrorist ‘band has been un- covered in the western zone of the Province, and that 15 persons were arrested. They were using explosives they got from Bolivia. Fernandez Suarez said the band was similar to the one uncovered a few days ago in Lands, and tthat in their sabotage plans the Fe- deral Capital was included, He added that the band, as the one uncovered before,planned to organize a general strike to over throw the Government, and they planned also to blow up a parking building in which some 300 cars are parked daily, filling a rented car with explosives, driving it to the basement and having it ex- plode there. They also planned to destroy gas sipes and the elec- trie lines moving the capital’s streetcars. Fernandez .Sudrez said the arrested men declared that most of the explosives were received | from a “Peronist Command” in Cochabamba, . Bolivia, headed by | David Casas, ex Minister of Fi- nance, Others said they received | money to finance their activities from Peronist ex Deputy Eduardo Colén, now in exile in Paraguay. CHILE TO INTERN ACTIVE PERONISTS SANTIAGO, Dec. 21 (UP) — Peronist, who engage in subversive activities against the Argentine Government wilt be interned in isolated zones of the country, and will be submitted to strict control by the authorities, according to announcement made by Fernando Lagos, Undersecretary of the In-| terior, This measure had bene request-| ed: by Argentina some time ago, | offering’ proot of revolutionary | activities of Peronist groups, Several of those persons were found in the last few days in Santiago, instead of being in pla- | ces where they were interned by request of Argentine authorities, | NEWSMAN INJURED IN ATTACK IN MANAGUA MANAGUA, (UP)— Dr, Adan Selva, Editor of “Gran Driario”, was attacked last night by two Persons and he suffered various in- juries, Selva said that the attack took place in front of the International Club at 9:30, and that two per- sons whom he could not identify attacked him with sticks. Selva sent a telegram to Pres- ident. Somoza, denouncing the at- tack and stating that his attackers were agents of the investigation service, President Somoza -had said on Wednesday that if Selva continued to slander him, he would be treat- ed as any other citizen by the imports of U. S. products during 1958 will continue being the same. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS courts, since he condemned viol- ence, BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 21 (UP) | NEW YORK, Dec. 21. (UP) Some 40 Cubans, carrying flags, attacked last night a: police line, in a effort to liberate a Cuban stowaway to whom political asy- jum in this country was denied, The Cuban rebel, Marine ex Ser- geant Luis Miranda, 46, would be executed, said the demonstrators, if he is taken back to Cuba on board the ship “Bahia de Nipe”, in which he arrived here yesterday as a Stowaway. The attempt of the demonstra- tors failed when the pier guards lowered a steel door, stopping them, after allowing ten policemen to enter. Police reinforcements arrested 30 of the demonstrators. Six were accused of disturbing the peace and the others of disordely con- duct. All were to appear in court today. It was said that a member of the group declared that among those in the demostration was a leader of the 26 of July Movement, which under the leadership of Fi- del Castro is engaged in a cam- MEXICO, Dec. 21 (UP)—Lauro Dormelles, Chief of the recently created Commercial Office of the Brazilian goverpment in México, thinks that México and Brazil can, and should, cement their _ still scarce commercial relations, which are an “instrument for better un- derstanding and progress” _be- tween the people. During the inaugural ceremon- ies of the Brazilian Commercial Office last week, the Brazilian eco- nomist stated that the people of México and Brazil can constitute the basis for creating a better un- derstanding among the Latin American countries and for form- ing, by this, “a single economic and spiritual platform.” The creation of the commercial office is due to the Brazilian gov- ernment’s wish according to Dor- melles, “to stimulate a better un- derstanding between our People in all of the activites which converge on the road which leads to order, progress and economic independ- ence.” “This economic independence, he said, means nothing more than the deep desire of the so called un- derdeveloped countries to stop be- ing only exporters of raw mater- ials.and importers of manufactur- ed products. This means that the countries such as México and Bra- zil, which are rich in raw materials will be able to find the best way of attending to their economic pro- gress using these raw materials for themselves, those raw materials which nature gave them, paign agajnst the Government in Cuba. All efforts made before to have Miranda admitted to this country under political asylum failed, when District Attorney Paul W. Wil- liams announced that the depart- ments of State and Justice refused to allow it. It was said that the decision was influenced by a state- ment of the Cuban Consul affirm- ing that Miranda will not be exe- cuted by the Government of Pres- ident Fulgencio Batista. Miranda, who is said to have par- ticipated in the revolt of Sep- tember 5 in Cienfuegos and to have been hiding since then, also tried to prevent his return to Cu- ba wounding himself in the arm, However, his wound is not serious. Miranda’s brother, Mario, a U.S. citizen who lives in Chicago, flew to New York yesterday and hired the services of attorney Sheldon J. Kravits. The attorney said later that he requested political asylum from the Immigration Department, but they refused to act, unless the Justice Department requests it. Brazil Opens Commercial Office in México to Promote Trade Relations “This convenient way. . .will be by the profound understanding of mutual needs which, through com mercial exchange we can improve and. in this way we will also elim- inate regional economic prob- lems.” In referring tothe commercial exchange between México and Brazil, Dormelles said that México exported articles to a value of 3.- 750.000 pesos in 1956 and bought Brazilian articles for 500.000 pe- sos. Dormelles made known that his office will do everything pos- siblé to increase these figures, es- pecially in Brazilian exports to Mé- xico. Peruvian Soldiers Killed in Accident LIMA. (UP)— Nine soldiers were killed, and another 20 se- viously wounded, when the bus in which they were traveling fell down a 41 foot precipice. All had just been discharged from the Army. The accident occured on the North Panamerican Highway, on the line between Piura and Lam- bayeque Departments,-750 kilome- ters to the north of Lima. The bus belonged to a caravan of 10 vehicles which carried dis- charged soldiers from Talara to Li- ma. Latin American News in Brief VOTE REGISTRATION ENDS IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES (UP)— The time limit for foreign residents who wished to take part in the next municipal elections in. the federal capital has run out. Until the 14th, only half a million had registered, out of a foreign popu- lation which is estimated at one million persons, UNIVERSITY CELEBRATES XHI_ ANNIVERSARY GUATEMALA — The national university of San Carlos celebrat- ed its 13th year as an autonomous self-governing institution. Up to 1944 the University had been un- der the tutelage of the Ministry of Education, but since that date it won its autonomy, while still en- joying a subsidy from the Govern- ment. This year the ceremony was attended by President Flores A- vendaiio, several cabinet ministers, and the mayor of Guatemala City. MEXICAN THEATRES REQUEST INCREASE MEXICO CITY (UP)— Theater director Victor Moya called on the government to allow an in- crease in the prices of theater tickets. “The present top price of 12 pe- sos (96 U. S. cents)”, Moya said, “is discriminatory and “equitable as ice shows, circuses and others | are allowed to charge up to eight times as much”, Moya was referring to the ice capades and the Ringling and Bar- num Circus, the latter now per- forming here, which have been al- lowed to charge more than the 12-peso top price which the legiti- mate theaters must charge. “If production costs keep going up, the theater will disappear,” Moya said. Most of México City theaters are small affairs with capacity for two or three hundred persons, and a frequently heard complaint is that theater people cannot make a living with the constantly increas- ing costs and the top price fixed by the Federal District authorities, HONORARY PROFESSOR LIMA (UP) The President of the Republic, Dr. Manuel Prado, was elected as “Honorary Profes- sor” of the Faculty of Science of San Marcos University. The election was made in view of the scientific merits of Dr. Pra- do, who was ah outstanding gradu- ate of this University, in which, in 1910, he reached the academic rank of Dr. in Mathematical Sciences, and later in 1918, obtained a pro- fessorship through Integral Differ- encial Calculus. The presentation of the diploma with the insignia @ fHonorary Pro- fessor took place in the Govern- mental Palace, by the Directive Board of Professors of the Faculty of Sciences, presided by the Dean of the University, Dr. Leon Baran- diaran, OIL RESTRICTIONS FOR WEST COAST WASHINGTON (UP)— Well informed sources said that the Ei- senhower government will, this week, extend its plan of voluntary restrictions on oil imports to the West Coast, which will limit im- Ports to 220.000 barrels a day, The program was imposed in July of this year in order to pro- tect national crude oil producers. Venezuela exports, at this time, some 50,000 barrels a day to the U. S. West Coast, which is District No. 5. The total imports of this ae now reach 309,000 barrels a ay. These sources believe that Vene- zuelan imports in this region will not be seriously affected. Up to now, Venezuela has not suffered any serous effects by the import restrictions to the central states, Eastern, and Gulf of México coasts, classified as Districts from 1 to 4., Before the program was effected, Venezuela exported some 500,000 barrels of crude oil a day to the CHILEAN IRON ORE 20,000,000 TONS NEW YORK (UP)— A dispatch from Tokyo, published by the Journal of Commerce, estimates that the iron ore deposits of a Mine near Copiapo, in Chile, are 20,000,000 tons. The mine in question will be exploited by the Mitzubishi Mining Company and the Mitsubishi Com- mercial Company. Bumpei Otsuki, Administrative Director of the Mitsubishi Mining Company, stated that the ore will produce an average of 55 to 68 per cent iron. It is estimated that these explorations will cost the equival- ent of some $500.000, The Export-Import Bank of Ja- pan will assume part of these ex- penses, but the Mitsubishi interests will pay the cost of the exploita- tion, which is estimated to be the equivilant of $17,000,000. According to the despatch in question, exploitation will begin at the end of 1959 with a produc- tion of 1,000,000 tons of ore a year. The Japanese plan to construct and operate their own ore transports, ay + Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity ee NUMBER 144 Thirty Cubans Arrested in New York as They Attack a Pier, Try to Free Stowaway HE WILL BE EXECUTED IF RETURNED TO CUBA, DEMONSTRATORS DECLARE Long Time Ruler Who Knew When fo Quit Now that the outstanding dem- ocratic leader, Doctor Ramon Villeda Morales, is assuming the Presidency of Honduras, it is weil to remember the course fol- lowed by political developments in that country during the past decade, particularly with respect to the intelligent way in which General Tiburcio Carias Andino left the. Presidency. In the turbulence of Latin American politics, the case of General Carias is an exception. After coming to the Presidency in February 1933 by the way of free elections held under the aus- pices of Dr- Vicente Mejia Co- lindres, the distinguished Hon- duran statesman, at the expira- tion of his term General Carias deciaed for reelection, giving start to a regime that, by its own nature, ceatered around his omnipotent figure. There is no doubt that the will of this ruler was forced on the country. with- out giving the people the demo- cratic. opportunity to oppose his bid for power. After many years of tenure, which ended in 1948, General Tibureio Carias Andino sought with great ability the way to pass on the reins to someone who could cover a period of transi- tion in the Republic, a period during which political exiles re- turned to the country and when there was liberty of action for the parties and for the citizens. And in that atmosphere of liber- ty, the old leader from Zambra- no stayed in Honduras, with rel- ative and decreasing influence in the Government, yet enjoying a regime respectful of the rights of the people and a peaceful at- mosphere that was favorable to national harmony. Tiburcio Carias Andino most certainly had the perception to find the right moment for recti- fications, to leave the Presidency without causing outbursts of un- controlled passions and avoiding any alterations of the public or- der by the resentments created by his dictatorship. In that way, from the Presidential Palace he stepped down to the status of a simple citizen, despite the fact that at times his friends tried to persuade or influence the Gov- ernment, supported by some pol- iticians with military connec- tions. But the truth is that such attempts did not manage to cre- ate a crisis interrupting constitu- tional normality. In the manner he left the Pre- sidency, and in the way he has behaved since, lies General Ca- rias’ greatest demonstration of political ability. He was a dicta- tor who governed during a long time, yet afterwards he has been able to tive in his country and see how the passions born out of his long dictatorship have died out through the years, It is very possible that General Carfas, thinking of his country and of the welibeing of its peo- ple, and of his own interests as well, did seek the smoothest way to descend from the heights where for many years he main- - tained his stronghold of power. No miatter what, Tibureio Ca- Mas Adnino knew how to retire for his own gooc and for the be- nefit of Hondvras. because .had he been obfuscated and deter- mined to continue by force in the Presidency of the Republic, the return of democratic life in Honduras wouid have been post- poned for a Jong time, Honduran Garrison Commander Killed TEGUCIGALP, Honduras. UP.— Julian Zamora, deputy comman- der of the military garrison at El Paraiso, was killed and a soldier was wounded _ seriously when a band of unidentified armed men shot up the town Tuesday night, it was reported today. E| Paraiso is five miles from the Nicaraguan border and about 50 miles east of Tegucigalpa. The area was the scene of skirmishes early this year when Honduras and Nicaragua were on the verge of war over an old boundary dispu{? v