Diario las Américas Newspaper, October 7, 1956, Page 12

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR G. A SAN ROMAN C. W SMITH S. SMITBR President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Eliseo Riera-Giomez Advertising and Circulation Mgr Severereetuaearnmial | eseansienennnn eee eiae 4 oibeummemarerntang geen Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. op February & 1956. EDITORIAL REQUIREMENTS WHICH STATESMEN ceca rents nS S neEA SS A DIRECTING INTERNATIONAL POLITICS SHOULD FULFILL The magnitude of present international pro- blems is) such, and their -characteristics are so complicated, that Government officials who must assume responsibility in the direction of interna- tional politics of the great powers, of necessity must fulfill exceptional requirements of capability and patriotism. In totalitariar regimes the selection of these officials is, in general, an easy task, or at least not too difficult, because designation for those positions is made of persons who, according to the mentality and norms of the Government, are the most conv- enient, without intervention of other factors which are not the will of the Chief of State or a small group of hierarchs who control the official life of the country. ‘ On the other hand, within the democratic system, other elements of political character have to be-considered, and not only mental capacity is requir- ed of the individual and his experience on interna- tional problems, but also, on many occasions, party | allegiances or transitory popular reactions play an| important part in the designation, and stay, of in-| ternational political leaders in their positions. positions. Bre. | It is, therefore, necessary that, thinking of the seriousness of current international problems, on which the destiny of humanity depends, each country of the free world, especially the great powers, take) For @ better understanding between the Americas Strict Regulations for Radio and TV Decreed by Colombian Government | | | inglon AW WIN PENDLETON | HOW DOES IT LOOK? — Demo- cratic leaders here are excited. They are trying to count enough |states to show a win in November, |One they are listing is Florid, They point to the fine reception given Stevenson in Miami and Jack- {sonville, plus the stepped up De- mocratie campaign activity in Flo- |rida, They are pleased with the |turn the campaign has taken, They |were glad when Vice- President Nixon mouthed his new version of the old Republican theme of “two chickens” by promising “three te- levision sets.” Biggest shot in the arm to Flo- rida Democrats came when it was disclosed that Nixqn was an hon- orary member of the NAACP. And if you think segregation isn’t im- portant in Florida elections, just remember the big vote rolled up by Lowery in the recent gover- nor’s race. Probably next to Stevenson touring Florida, the next best thing for the Democrats would be for Nixon to stump the State. HERLONG IN FINE SHAPE — good care in the selection of the personnel shaping | international policies, who should fulfill multiple; qualifications in order to effectively discharge their| duties. : m4 Those who, either in the Executive or the Legis- lative branches, have responsibilities concerning in-) ternational problems, should be persons versed on| the subject, with the mental agility required, familiarized with the psychology of other peoples, | learned in world history, and with a vast knowledge} of international law, the art of diplomacy, etc., etc.| Naturally, this does not mean each individual should be an authority on all these subjects, but it is really convenient, almost indispensable, that those who have in their hands the fate of international affairs of their countries, should have a general knowledge of these aspects of the problem, even though some of them may be better qualified than the others. ; ; Besides, great caution should be exercised in the selection of minor officials, because, due to the complexity of present conflicts, the supreme leaders have to dedicate their attention for long periods to a definite case, in a more or less absolute form, and then, the rest of the business are left under the responsibility of subaltern officials, who, almost always, decide by delegation of their superiors. In other Words, these officials must proceed with poli- tical mentality, extending far out from the zone of technical specialization and, for this reason, should be conditioned to assume attiudes which respond to the seriousness of the international problems of these times of anguish. GUEST EDITORIAL From accounts reaching us, Syd Herlong has little to fear from his Republican opponent. They occu- pied the same platform last week in Orlando — in an informal type debate. It turned out to be strictly a Herlong meeting, with Republic- can Lund spending most of his al- lotted time talking about Herlong and of course with Herlong using his time to talk about Herlong. If the Florida Republicans had any illusions about unseating the popu- lar 5th., District Congressman — they should be snapped back to reality by last week’s poor showing of their candidate, HERE COMES HELP — If any Democratic Congressional candid- ate in Florida thinks he needs a bit of assistance, he can count on Senator George Smathers to give it. Between October 20th. and the end of the month, he will cover the districts in Florida where the Democrats have opposition. Like | Holland, he will give a big hand to Winton King. King is trying to un- seat Bill Cramer in the First Dis- trict — Tampa and St. Petersburg area. And Smathers thinks he'll make it. The Senator also will work for Fascell and Rogers and Haley and his old friend Herlong if he thinks he needs the help. Between now and his trip to Florida, Smath- ers is due for a quick run into New England then into Kentucky, then through the farm belt — all jas part of his job as Democratic Campaign Manager for the Senate. | After this one is over he can quali- fy as a campaign expert. HOLLAND SAYS HURRY UP — The needle was stuck in the Air Force this week by Senator Hol- land. He wants to know when they Miami Would Welcome OAS SENATOR SMATHERS’ invita- tion to the Organization of Ameri- san States to establish its head- quarters in Miami strikes an im- nediately responsive chord in this sommunity. All this area — and Florida — ieartily seconds the Senator’s pro- rosal. ., The invitation is not an idle festure, Metropolitan Miami has ‘very advantage for OAS. It is geographically right. Its International Airport is the gateway to the Americas. It has the finest of hotel accom- nodations and auditoriums, , It has a large Spanish - speaking Western Hemisphere. Its members include the 21 American republics. In the seven years of its exist- ence OAS has proved its worth as a medium for the stabilization of peace among the Americas. It is a powerful influence for hemispher- ie solidarity. At present its headquarters are in Washington. But there is a feel- ing of dissatisfaction among OAS delegates. They have urged that it I move its offices out of the Capital. Luis Quintanilla, Mexican repre- sentative to the OAS, phrased the dissatisfaction this way: “We may as well be in the Saha- jare going to do something jabout setting up the Buckingham Weapons Center near Fort Myers. Congress already has put up $12 million to begin work on the base, but the Air Force now says the | “substructure” won't support the |kind of field they will need. They |say they are going to place it near | Fort Myers — that they are making | tests now to find a suitable spot for \it. But, they gave Senator Holland that excuse six months ago. This week, he put the question directly to Air Force Secretary Quarles. When? Where? To date, no an- swer. BACK IN TOWN — Charles 0. Andrews, of Orlando, Member of the Florida State Welfare Board, was in Washington last week. He News of Earthquakes MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, OCTOB Toughest Part of Panamerican ‘Highway Needs High Financing WASHINGTON—(UP)— A de- | | Among Those Banned BOGOTA; Oct. 6—(UP)— The | finite recommendation on the best »opulation. Its climate is unexcelled in the vorld, Above all Greater Miami has for rears been in the forefront of all he United States in fostering iemispheric good will and under-| tanding.. We would not come as) antutored strangers to OAS. | Latin America is our neighbor. Jur people are frequent visitors to bero-American’ countries. . Annually public officials and our Shambers of Commerce make of- icial visits to the south to foster he good neighbor policy. THE OAS was formed in 1948, ts objective is to maintain peace ind promote human welfare in the| ra Desert. If it were not ‘for the society columns, we would be com- pletely ignored. “We are working behind and ice curtain — a curtain of indif- ference.” The people of Miami understand what the Mexican delegate is talk- ing about, the hurt that he voices, The Herald believes that Metro- politan Miami, its people and its officials know how to deal with it from a long and practical ex- perience with our neighbors. SENATOR SMATHERS said in a letter to Dr. José Mora, secretary general of the OAS, that he was “confident that the people of Flo- rida would be proud to welcome the Organization of American was here on State business with the Department of Health, Educa- tion and Welfare. Andrews is the son of the late U. S. Senator Charles 0. Andrews, who served from 1936 until his death in 1946. Andrews held the Senate seat now occupied by Senator Holland, States”. The Senator is right. OAS would find a continuing welcome here, in a “convenient locale, thoroughly equipped for its various activities.” Not only local officials but Gov- ernor Collins should act promptly upon the opportunity’ which Sen- ator Smathers has opened up. (Reprinted by courtesy of The Miami Herald) Government has issued a lengthty Statute which, for the first time, | regulates minutely and strictly the | operation of telecommunication sy- | stems, in particular Radio and Tel- levision, Some of the rules contained in the Statute, are; News about crimes against the | family, or against the sexual liber- ty and- honor, or bloody chronicles jcan not be transmitted. News earthquakes are prohibited unless ;Siven out by official. or authorized sources. Reports of interviews with jnational or foreign personalities, | by the so called Fadio-newspapers, ‘an not be transmitted without pre- | vious permit of the Ministry of | Communications and only in very | special cases, providing that the | topics to be discussed be of general | |interest and are not commented jin any way. The serial stories (novels) to be transmitted by radio, must have the previous approval of the ~ same | | Ministry, | It is stipulated that the broad-| | casting stations will only dedicate 20% ~of the time to broadcast of commercial propaganda. {The stations will be under the obliga- tion of broadcasting weekly pro- | grams destined to diffusion of Co- lombia’s history and geography. | Jokes or words with double mean- ing aimed to lessen the dignity of the civil, military and ecclesiastic | authorities, are prohibited. 25 per cent of the music trans- | mitted should be Colombia’s popu- lar type. 80 per cent'of the actors interpreting dramatizations must | be Colombians. | The measure also stipulates |Means to guarantee the aptitude |of the announcers, moderators, ra- | diophonists and even control oper- | ators, | NO LONG PANTS | FOR “MINORS” BOGOTA, Oct. 6—(UP)— The Mayor of Yotocé muncipality, -in |the El Valle Department prohibit- ed the wearing of long pants by minors, according to a dispatch to the daily “Intermedio.” The dispatch says that the police has been provided with scissors and | ordered that long pants worn by minors are to be cut above the knee. Family heads, it added, complain- jed to the Department’s Governor, |who revoked the order. when al- ready several pieces of the mutilat- ed pants were received at City Hall. L, A. BUSINESSMEN VISIT MEXICO MEXICO CITY —(UP)— Forty Los Angeles, Calif., businessmen arrived here in special railroad cars Jast night for a week’s stay in México. They announced plans for studying the possibilities of in- creasing trade between the Cali- fornia City and Mexican business available route the Darién-gap of | the Pan-American Highway should follow, will be available next Au- gust when the Pan American High- way Congress meets ‘in Panama. Tomas Guardia Jr., Cartography | Division Chief, Panamanian Minis: try of Public Works, told a press conference this was the earliest available estimate. Guardia is also Executive Director of the Darién Subcommittee of the Pan Ameri- can. Highway Congress. that such a route would cost ap- proximately $70,000,000 and .would take at least three years to build. Guardia said the only real ob- stacle to making the Pan American Highway passable from Alaska to Argentina “is the matter of fin- ance.” The Darién gap on the Pa- nama - Colombia border, the only stretch of road on which construc- tion has not yet begun, can be con- quered, he asserted. “But it will take considerable financing,” he told reporters. Guardia said the committee was considering two possible routes, but nof favored the strech from the Panama - Colombia border to Chi- gorodo, approximately 350 miles, The preferred route would go from Palos de las Letras in the Panama - Colombia border area across the Atrato Valley to Chigo- rodo, Colombia, where it would join the Carretera al Mar highway which the Colombian government has built, he said. The job of spanning the Atrato Valley will be difficult, he said, but it can be done providing “we have the funds.” Most of the area is swampy and the road would have to be built on pontoons, he added. SOMOZA RATIFIES ACCEPTANCE OF HIS NOMINATION MANAGUA, Oct. 6. (UP)— The Board of the Liberal Party has un- animously agreed to designate as its candidate for next elections, President Luis Somoza, son of General Anastasio Somoza. : _ The date for the party’s conven- tion will be announced Monday. Luis Somoza reiterated that he is willing to accept nomination by the Liberal Party at the convention. In a press conference, Luis So- fmoza declared: “Having been unanimously elect- ed to succeed my father, President Anastasio Somoza, I am willing to accept the nomination at the con- vention of the Liberal Party. “T will faithfully follow my fath- er’s example, guaranteeing com- plete freedom and security for for- eign investments.__ “Until the accusation against some 30 persons as members of the assassination plan has been com- pletely cleared, they will continue in jail. “The state of siege will also con- tinue. “Freedom of the press is guar- firms. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS ARGENTINE FRUIT SUFFERS FROM FROST BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The Agriculture Ministry reported that the Argentine fruit - producing provinces of Mendoza and San Juan suffered heavy damages from frost falls during the current flowering season. The estimates said that between sixty and seventy per cent of the apricot flowering, fifty per cent of the peach, from tuenty to seventy per cent of the cherry flowers, de- pending on the area, and from thirty, to eighty percent of the quince was damaged or destroyed. Damage to the apple and pear flowering,which provides the maj- or export fruits, was slight. MEXICAN IMPORTS EXCEED EXPORTS MEXICO CITY —(UP)— Méxti- co imported $187 millions more than it exported in the first seven months this year, the national fin- ance agency has reported. However, the trade deficit was compensated by revenue from the tourist trade and remittances sent home by migrant farm workers. México’s chief imports during the period were machinery, petro- leum and by-products, automobiles land trucks, machinery parts, mo- anteed.” tors, cellulose paste, tractors, crude and artificial rubber, wool, railway materials, steam rollers, iron and steel tubing and -news- print. Leading exports were cotton, coffee, copper, lead and other me- tals, fuel, shrimp, fibers, forages, sugar, tomatoes, peanut, fresh and refrigerated meats and chemical products, The principal buyers of Mexican products were the United States, West Germany, Japan, Britain, The Netherlands, Belgium and France. EXPROPRIATION OF POWER PLANTS BUENOS AIRES—(UP) Repre- sentatives of eleven provinces with 90 per cent of Argentina’s electric energy production met with the Na- tional Energy Commissioner Ho- racio Pozzo and drafted prelimin- ary report on a uniform system of calculating the real value of expro- priated power plants and distribu- tion systems. The report is considered import- ant because of the provincial ex- propriations of power companies now in dispute. It was sent to the Minister of Industry and Com- merce, He told the United Press earlier | Mufioz Shipping Shortage is Strangling the Economic Progress SAN JUAN, P. R., Oct. 6—(UP) Gov. Luis Mufioz Marin said that Puerto Rico may créate its own merchant marine as a way out of the current shortage of ‘shipping between the island and the United States. i development must not be strangled by a shipping shortage,” the Gov- ernor said just before he took off for Miami en route to Washington. Lamenting the current shortage of ships to carry Puerto Rico’s sugar crop to the mainland, the Governor said: “The Government will take all steps necessary to correct this, and any future threats, as the island cannot survive’ without adequate water communications.” As an alternative to creating a Puerto Rican merchant marine, Munoz said he was considering extending help to private interests to give Puerto Rico better mari- time services. Referring to the November elec- tions, Muhoz predicted that his Popular Democratic Party will score another landslide, winning all senatorial districts and all or most of the municipal governments, as well as his own re-election for a third four-year term. The first popularly - elected gov- ernor of the island, Mufioz Marin was first elected in’ 1948 and re- elected in 1952. ; He said the main local issues in the election campaign are the the “maintenance of the com- monwealth status, not as a way station to independence or state- hood, and keeping political power clearly seperated from economic power.” Asked why he had cancelled plans to address a mass meeting of New York Puerto Ricans in Central Park Saturday to urge them to register and vote in the November . election, Mujfioz said jokingly that he “did mot want to compete with the base ball world series.” Qualified sources understood the New York rally was cancelled be- cause of security reasons, BOMB EXPLODES IN HAVANA BARRACKS HAVANA, Oct. 6 (Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY). —Great alarm spreaded last night in La Lisa, Marianao, when a home made bomb exploded in one of the windows of the Rural Guard Bar- racks demolishing it, but there were no casualties. The infernal machine exploded about ten p. m. in a window of the Barracks barber shop, on San Rafael Street. Nobody was there at the time of Marin Pl Fer Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 76 ans Atomic nstitute and a Merchant arine for Puerto Rico NUCLEAR TRAINING CENTER IN SAN JUAN WOULD HELP LATIN AMERICA “Puerto Rico’s rapid economic | WASHINGTON, Oct. 6—(UP)— Governor Luis Mufioz Marin went into conference with the nation’s top atomic officials, confident of emerging with. federal commit- ments to finance a multimillion dol lar, Interamerican Nuclear Train- ing Center in Puerto Rico. Mufioz went directly from the airport to his luncheon meeting with chairman Lewis L. Strauss and other commissioners of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). Sol Luis Descartes, head of the Puerto Rican Water Resources au- thority, and Arturo Morales Car- rion, Undersecretary of State, met the governor’s plane and ac- companied him to the Metropolit- an Club for the conference. “T have every confidence,” Mu- fioz told the United Press, “that these conversations will lead to very rapid progress toward the establishment of the proposed nu-| elear training center at the Uni- versity of Puerto Rico.” _ Munoz said he hoped to persuade the AEC to invest some $4,000,000 |— $5,000,000 in the laboratories and research reactor at the Uni- versity. Any such sum would have to be approved and appropriated by congress, presumably as a part of the AEC’s 1958 budget. The AEC, Mufioz noted, indica- tes a willingness to divert some $350,000 out of its appropriations for the current year in the event that full agreement on the project is reached. Mufioz said he envisages the Uni- versity’s nuclear installations as a future study center to which stud- ents will flock from Latin Ameri- ca and the other undeveloped areas of the world. ‘Munoz said that another matter for discussion with the AEC would be proposals for bringing atomic- electric power to the island. But talk on this subject, he said, would be “very preliminary”. The Puerto Rican Government started several years ago to explore the feasibility of putting a nuclear power plant to work generating electricity on a commercial ‘basis. Some surveys have indicated that the island might be one of the first American-flag areas where nuclear generated power could compete commercialy with hydro or thermo electric power. Munoz indicated that his govern- ment would continue to move cau- tiously on this project. “We would not want to commit ourselves prematurely in a field which sees almost daily advance- ments and changes in concepts,” he said. Any talks with Strauss on this subject today, Mufioz said, would be general ad relate to the various types of power reactors presently being developed, their comparative advantages, as well as estimated cost. Argentine Independent Workers Back Government Labor Policies BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— ‘The decisive victories scored by Demo- cratic tickets in white-collar work- ers union elections were hailed as a major triumph for the revolu- tionary government’s policy of fost- ering genuine independent unions for Argentina’s four million work- ers. Polling for officials of the Com- mercial, Typographical and Gar- ment Workers unions were the first labor elections held in Argen- tina since the overthrow of the Pe- ron dictatorship a year ago. “The unions choose freedom,” said Noticias Graficas in a typical editorial caption. It pointed out that in all cases the Peronist lists | ran second and the communist can- didates inno case polled even ten per cent of the votes. The elections were the first in a long series that in the next two months will return the unions to the control of the wokers. At pre- sent, the unions have federally ap- | pointed officers to bridge the gap between dictatorial domination un- der Perén and democratic control. The turnout of voters in the the explosion. | Latin American News in Brief CUBANS DISCUSS AMENDMENTS Y HAVANA—(UP)— Both houses of the Cuban Congress are meeting in joint sessions for discussion of a series of constitutional arrenda- ments, The proposed amendments __ in- clude shortening of the present four year congressional, mandate, increasing the membership of the House of Representatives and fix- ing the number of senators from each of Cuba’s six provinces at no less than 9 and no more than 12. BRAZIL NEW: CAPITAL READY FOR 1960 BRASILIA, Brazil —(UP)— Pre- sident Juscelino Kubitschek said that Brazil’s new capital city will be installed here by the middle of The President visited the site chosen fort he new capital, near- the geographical center of Brazil, in cool plateau, in the interior of Goias State. After examining plans to begin construction of the. first buildings within the next few weeks, Kubit- schek said the Federal Government offices would be moved here “with- ing three years and 10 months.” He said the first structures to be erected will be a provisional pre- elections so far was much larger sidential residence and a 60-room hotel. A provision of the 1946 Constitu- tion ordered Brazil’s capital remov- ed from Rio de Janeiro, on the hot tropical coastline to the interior. Congress passed a law recently im- plementing the constitutional pro- vision and naming the new capital Brasilia. U. S, AIR MISSION TO ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— The United States and Argentina sign- ed an agreement for the assign- ment of a U. S, Air Force mission to Argentina. There was an American air mis- sion here from 1939 to 1951, when ousted Dictator Juan D. Perén al- lowed the agreement to expire. Ambassador Willard L. Beaulac signed the agreement for the Unit- ed States and Foreign ' Minister Luis Podesta Costa and Air Minis- ter Julio C. Krause signed for Ar- gentina. The agreement becomes effective immediately, for an indefinite pe- riod. The mission will act ia an ad- visory capacity to the Argentine Minister of Aeronautics and to the Argentine Air Force, with a view to enhancing the technical and operational efficiency of the Ar- gentine Air Force. than when the unions were under the Peronist politically - managed General Labor Confederation (C GT). In the typographical workers unions, which has a record of re- sistance against the Peronists, the democratic ticket polled 3,451 votes a Peronist list 2,522 a communist list 730 and an anarchist list 465. In the 1947 elections, the Peronists won with 759 votes, against 748 for the antiperonists and 405 for the anarchists. In the Buenos Aires local of the Commercial Workers Union, out of a total of 14,000 votes, two Demo- cratic lists received a total of 7,- 755 votes, against a total of 6,202 for the combined Peronist and Communist votes. The early victories of the De mocratie lists were expected to ex- ert considerable influence on the outcome of the major elections which lie ahead, such as those scheduled this month in the 400,- 000 member Textite Workers Union, Light and Power. Workers (105,000), Metal Workers (150,000) Railway Workers (225,000) Con- struction (20,000), Maritime, Trans- portation and other leading unions, Democratie candidates for union office campaigned against political intervention in the unions and pledged themselves to work honest- ly for the cause of labor. AMERICAN AGENCY TO AID THE BLIND IN LATIN AMERICA NEW YORK, N. Y. — The Ame rican Foundation for Overseas Blind, an international agency which aids the blind in more than 20 nations, announced today that it is sending a representative to Latin America to map plans for the ex- pansion of services to the blind on that continent. Miss Clara Langerhans, Field Service Counselor of the Founda- tion, will make a six week Latin American tour to study existing conditions and facilities for the blind, She will visit institutions and meet with government officials and leaders to determine ways ih which the Foundation can help Latin American countries to provide greatly needed services for the es- timated 400,000 sightless popula- tion. First stop of her assigned tour will be in Quito, Ecuador where she will arrive October 3 to visit the Escuela de Ciegos, operated by the Sociedad Amigas de los Ciegos. She will meet with the President, Mrs: Josefina de Cardenas, and de- part on October 10 for Guayaquil to see the Escuela Municipal de Ciegos, Club de Leones. ‘