Evening Star Newspaper, July 20, 1930, Page 85

1930. 19 Television Soon to Bring Dawn of New Radio Era in News Broadcasting Continued from Fifth Page record over the Capital his voice was heard soon after landing describing the feat. From Washington also, within the past month, the Nation’s welcome to Admiral Byrd and his intrepid companions was put on the air and his own description of his South Polar expedition was broadcast. Now the observance of every regular national and historic event of any consequence in the District of Columbia and its vicinity is booked for the air. The brilliant pageant of the Washington's birthday ceremonies this year at Alexandria, Va., went on the air from Washington, so also were the Memorial day ceremonies at Arlington Cemetery this Maye~and the Capital's Inde- pendence day celebration this month distributed to the network from District of Columbia stations. In Washington the microphone has been car- ried to more places than in any other city. Of the many public buildings here there is hardly one that has not at some time or other been & point of origin for a radio network program. The microphone has even entered the private study at the White House, where it picked up a Thanksgiving proclamation from former President Coolidge, and it has been brought into the Senate on three occasions. “SPEAKING to you from the Nation's Cap- ital——" nearly every prominent political figure in the United States from President Hoover down has gone on the air within the past year. And these speakers include mem- bers of the cabinet, members of Congress, mem- bers of the diplomatic corps and officials of the Army and Navy and of the Federal Gov- ernment. A speech by the President has always held first place in radio interest. President Hoover has appeared before the microphone over 25 times since he has been in office, and, includ- ing his speeches before election, the network has carried his voice more than 50 times. Calvin Coolidge was the first President whose oath of office and inaugural address were broadcast. When he faced the micro- phone at the Capitol on March 4, 1925, it was the first time the voice of a President deliver- ing his message at inauguration was heard in other American cities outside of Washington. In all, President Coolidge spoke to the radio audience from the Nation’s Capital 37 times in 7 years. ‘Woodrow Wilson made his first radio address when he spoke into the microphone for 5 minutes from the library of his Washington home, on S street, on Armistice day 1923, three years after he left the White House and the year before he died. This was in the early infancy of broadcasting. It had been only two years since the program which gave broadcast- ing its start was put on the air by station KDKA in Pittsburgh when the Harding elec- tion returns were reported by radio. It was called at that time “an innovation comparable in cultural importance to printing.” But its real value as a news medium was yet to be appreciated. The National Radio Forum, inaugurated by The Washington Star on March 2, 1929, and broadcast as a regular weekly event by the Co- lumbia Broadcasting System, has brought before the microphone most of the Nation's political leaders, and is one of the most popularly received programs from Washington. The Co- iumbia System’s international good will pro- gram, known as “The Conclave of Nations,” has introduced the diplomats. These two Washing- ton programs are recognized as the principal educational and news features on the air, and both have served to make the country better acquainted with the officials of its Government and the men who are in Washington represent- ing the foreign nations. Other news feature programs of importance from Washington are “A Half Hour in the Nation's Capital” and “The National Home and Farm Hour,” the latter a distinct and valuable service to the farmers throughout the United States, and introducing to them officials of the Department of Agriculture and other Govern- ment Bureaus dealing with problems pertinent to the farming industry. - Of particular news importance are the regular broadcasts of David Lawrence, editor of the United States Daily; Willlam Hard, Prederic William Wile and other nationally known writers. Not only is Washington the news center of radio, but the very destinies of radio broadcast- ing are controlled here, and the many ramifica=- tions of the radio industry are regulated direct- ly or indirectly through various governmental agencies. These include Congress, the Federal Radio Commission, the Department of Com- merce, the Bureau of Standards, the Patent Office, the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia and the Federal Trade Commission. Each has some individual and distinctive func- tion to perform in guiding the development of radio and keeping it within reasonable bounds— a limitation based on the needs and wants of society. Frank M. Russell, vice president of the Na- tional Broadcasting Co., in charge of the Wash- ington office, states that the radio public are beginning to turn to Washington regularly and with increasing interest for Government infor- mation service and for big news. RADIO is rapidly expanding beyond the field of pure entertainment and is passing into a new stage. It has become a household utility, a part of home life, bringing the world within the four walls of the home. As a medium of news and education it is serving its greatest purpose. But the newspaper of the air is still a small edition. It might be compared with the four and six page editions of the metropolitan dailies printed in small type, without illustrations, in the eighties. Radio’s real service in the field of news is yet to,come, but it is coming by leaps and bounds. The microphone invades the House of Representatives. delivering his first message to Congress. The National Broadcasting Co. has just re- cently ereatéd the office of “director of special events” and appointed a man to fill it. He is the first city editor of the air. It is his task to watch the news, and under him before long will be a highly trained radio news staff. The Washington ecorrespondent of the American President Coolidge Underwood & Underwood. dailies will have his counterpart in the corre- spondent of the air. Soon will come the “illustrated edition.” Tel- evision is just around the corner. And with the coming of television radio will enter an en- tirely new sphere in the field of news. With the audience enabled to see, as well as hear, what £She’s Roarin’, Boy, She’s Roarin’!” Continued from Thirteenth Page with the flying Isaac Keeler, whose captain, having taken advantage of & current near shore, has gained, until on equal terms. Now we are running close in to the anchored spec- tator craft, and as we are about to come about to run for the finish line a small motor boat crosses our bows and forces us to continue on and around a steamer anchored near the course in order to avoid running down the foolhardy motor boat operator. ‘The Keeler is more fortunate, having an ad- Cap’'n Charley Chesser of the Burgeye Florence Northam, chief of the clan of Chessers. ' vantage of position, and she turns ahead of us as we finally get clear. We thunder along with the wind abeam, gaining foot by foot, but we are too late. The Keeler crosses before us, and we are third, with no regrets. For had the Flor- ence won, she would have automatically been eliminated, having won the two preceding an- nual races, winning three of them hand-running disqualifying them thereafter. And next year we shall race again, we hope on the Florence Northam, and before the races we shall tour the beach with our cash in hand seeking takers, for we know what we know, and that is, that if the captain had really tried—well, look out next year! But our tale is not yet ended. There are other racers to be accounted for. There’s the decked skipjacks and the open skipjacks flying around the course, low, shallow-draft centerboarders that can fly along with th best sailing craft ever built, and, as the wind has freshened, théy are seen beating up in close formation, the masts bending under the pressure as they hold them to the wind. And we have only a few minutes to wait, for they have gained time on us as we in "the bugeyes gained on the schuoners, and soon the Minnie B. of the first-named class shoots across the line, with Capt. Scot Bozman grinning moistily over her rail, her decks wet with spray, as are her crew. Then the Myrtle, winner last year at Deal Island, arrives to take ;ecl:‘nd place, with Capt. Brinkley Taylor at her eim. The open skipjacks also finished close and, being smallest of all the racers, had a wet time of it, Capt. Norwood Tull bringing the Lillian T. In in front, with Capt. Clifton Webster, in Irradel, second, and Rolling Sea, Capt. Roland Parkinson, third. And so the races closed and the hungry crowds gathered for fried soft crabs and coun- try chicken dinners. Here again the competi- tion was keen, and appetites sharpened by the salt air and excitement were hard to appease. With nightfall came dancing and merrymaking on the Point, with winning skippers as cocks o’ the walk. And we who had been privileged to be one of them for a day turned in early to sleep and dream of another year and another race day. is happening before the microphone and the radio-eyc at the moment it actually occurs, tel- evision as & news medium presents almost limite less possibilities. Televishon is nearer at hand than the general public is willing to believe, according to broad- casting eompany officials. “I could place in your home, at a reasonable cost today, a receiv- ing set that would give you clear and distinct television pictures,” said one of these officials to the writer. “From a technical point of view, television sending and receiving equipment is already well advanced. An audience sitting in a theater in an Eastern city one day last month was amased at the quality and clarity of tele- vision pictures projected on a screen before them. [t has passed the pure experimental stage. Television is actually here as a practical development.” The only thing that is holding back the mar- keting of television sets is the effort at present of manufacturers to produce these sets at the cheapest possible price. Before placing their product on the market they want to first make sure that new improvements will not immedi- ately follow to make the sets obsolete, as was the case with the early radio receivers. In other words, they want to assure you that if you buy a television receiver for $150 or $200 today, there will be little danger of a new set coming out in a few months which will sell for less money and be better than the one you have. Producing a television set that will sell at & relatively small cost is the big aim of the indus- try today. With the tremendous value of tele- vision to the American advertiser in mind, the idea is to place these sets in as many millions of homes as possible, to seek the greatest audi- ence possible. To do this the price will have to be low. Just as the newspaper is sold for 2 or 3 cents, and magazines of big circulation for 5 and 10 cents, relatively low will have to be the price of television. In this way will be built the “circulation” demanded by the adver- tiser. Television will not be installed in the home on a service rental basis, like the telee phone, but, like the radio, it will be free for all. And to more greatly popularize the service, the broadcasting of big news and valuable educa- tional features will play an important role in television, as it does today in radio, Television will not be confined to the studio. Orrin E. Dunlap, jr., writing in the New York Times, said recently: “The radio-eye or came era will no doubt be taken to the foot ball grid- irons to televise the games play by play. The same is expected to hold true for championship bouts, the world series, presidential inaugura= tions and other big events. Washington as the center of the Nation’s news will turn television’s broadcasting eye, in company with the ear of radio. The won- ders and beauties of the Nation’s Capital will be brought into the front parlors of homes throughout the 48 States and in foreign coune tries. The great monuments and memorials, the governmental seats and public buildings will become familiar sights to the world as backe grounds for national happenings and events in America. When the President and members of his cabinet and other governmental leaders step before the microphone, the vast radio audi« ence will see them as well as hear them. When a triumphal parade passes up historic Penne sylvania avenue, when memorial services are held in Arlington Cemetery, when some great national hero is welcomed, or when some other happening of national importance occurs in Washington, these events will go out on the air, to be actually witnessed by spectators sitting in the easy chairs of their own homes. It is not unlikely that when the next inaue guration takes place in Washington it will be broadcast by television, and that when the next President takes the oath of office he will be seen and heard by millions. And it is not e probable, judging by the progress being made in television today, that the bicentennial cele= bration of the birth of George Washington in 1932 may actually be viewed at the moment it is taking place by a Nation-wide audience and that the whole country will become a stadium around the Washington stage. Such are the news possibilities of radio-tele= vision. “Speaking to you from the Nation's Capital,” which has come to have a new meane ing in radio today, will have a far eater gige nificance tomorrow, - o All Men Are Born Criminals. Continued from Eleventh Page ‘The tendency to give way to criminal instincts is acquired in the conflicts of childhood. “If we hope to decrease crime,” Dr. Alexander saild, “we must first concern ourselves with the training of the child. It is obvious enough that he must be given religious and moral training. His education must be based not on tradition but on new scientific methods which will estab- lish a stable balance in his emotional life. “Every means must also be used to do away with street gangs. The activities of the gang, I need not say, give a boy a thrilling and ad- venturous outlet. Society can give him a substitute for the gang by inducing him to belong to the Boy Scout organization. There he will get the same fun in a wholesome way. Playgrounds and club centers should be pro- vided for children in the congested districts of the large cities. “Parents could do a great deal by encouraging their children to take part in sports, to follow some hobby or study some form of art. They must also develop their social interest. “However, as long as present-day society is permeated with the gospel of materialism—that nothing in life matters outside of getting money and spem ling it—one can hardly expect people to bear their social responsibilities. Each one is out feg himgell. He wanis to get. all he can from life without giving anything in return. But does this satisfy him with his lot? Nog at all. Man is so constituted that he cannot take from life without giving. The one who has no social interest and who is not oriented toward the useful side of life is bound to be dissatisfied and discontented. “These individuals are the ones who add themselves to the ranks of the nerotics, the divorced and the criminal, Since their social interest is not developed, they cannot achieve a proper balance in life.” DR. ALEXANDER pointed out that one cane not treat a criminal offender wisely and justly unless one has a conception of the factors behind the offense. That is why our presens system of punishing the eriminal is one that will not correct him nor will it in any way decrease the prison population. “Men are sent to prison,” Dr. Alexander asserted, “who may need only a change of social environment. Or they may be suffering from a disease of emotional life that could be cured with the proper treatment. Many prisons have psychiatrists to help their inmates, but they are necessarily handicapped by the prison environe ment and restrictions. - What is needed to cure th¢ ‘criminal is nés a prison but a = r (Copyright, 1930.) ol .