Evening Star Newspaper, July 20, 1930, Page 22

' Yecords and other meuiuds of recording | utes before surprised me with a perfec . talkies.” " do. “Tell Me, Mr. Bernard Shaw!” (Continued From Third Page.) into society. I went to a tea party SRRV given by Lady Scott. ber Sir Phillip Gibbs telling me how “I was sitting on a sofa, I remember, surprised he was, when taking the | when suddenly a woman who was quite dramatist over an aireraft base during | unknown to me sat down by my side the war, to hear him talking to th= |and asked: men about their machines with the | ' Are you Shaw?" knowledge of an expert mechanic. It| *'I am’' I replied. s the same with the “talkies.” Shaw | “Then, holding out her arms, the has studied the subject as carefully as | Woman said: ‘Come to me; I have loved §f 1t were his life work. What Qe |You all my life!’” doesn't know about voice reproduction | ~As Shaw repeated this story he amounts to very little. For years he | laughed; the recollection of it seemed Ras interested himself in gramophene | to please him enormously. “And what did you do?” I asked. #peech. He said to me “I performed the second act to “Tris- “The trouble is that the people who | tram and Isolde’” said Shaw. “For @8k amateurs to act or talk mever ex-| about an hour Isadora and I kept it up. plain to them the one important fact,| I can't remember all we said to one that is the speed at which they must|another. but I know the audience. talk or act. Some years ago I was asked | which listened to every word, was very to act for the films, to give a camera | much amused. I think at first my interview. 1 was told that Conrad | hostess was a little nervous about how #nd Zzngwill had passed through the| T would take the situation!” ordeal and I accepted the invitation.| TImpression’ of Isadora. While the camera was recording my | actiol came into a room, took off my | hat, sat down, took up my pen and | started to write. 1 performed all these movements urally as I was accus- tomed to do each day. But when I saw the it on the films! It was like | Imitates Performances. At this point in the conversation lhaw rose from the couch on which hel ad been sitting and imitated for my | benefit his performances as it appeared on the film. It proved him to be as brilliant an actor as he is a dramatist. His every gesture was an exaggeration that made one laugh; it was as if he had been photographed by a slow- | motion camera. “I should have been told” he sald, sitting down again, “to restrain my nat- wural movements, You see, one doesn’t feed to act for the fllms at all. One only has to move slightly. Even one's thoughts are turned by the camera into movements. An actor has only to think to convey an impression on the screen.” Characteristically added: “I don't suggest that the majority of film #tars are capable of thinking for them- selves. But a producer can tell them what te think!" Returning to the subject of voice re- oduction Shaw said: “The success of hat, too, depends on the speed at which the disk s turning when the record is being made. When it revolves slowly ‘the record catches the voice with great exactitude and immediately shows up any dialect. In fact, there's nothing mophone record for ‘giving & an away.’ A record, properly timed, ndicates clearly the gutter from which | & man has sprung. At my home in the | country I have a record I made some | time ago. When that record is played elowly I can be heard talking broad | TIrish. I sound like an old keggar in the | streets of Dublin. As the speed in-| ereases my voice gradually becomes nor- | mal, until you hear me as I am talking | . And now Shaw, who had a few mh\;< iece of silent acting, gave a yocal imi- | tl!lon of himself on a gradually speeded up gramophone, that, if he chose to repeat it in public, would earn him a wast salary on the vaudeville stage. “Yes,” he repeated, “a gramophone | ves one away. I asked Gerald Du| urier once if he had made a record. “I daren’t’ he said. ‘I'm too much of & Cockney!"” The point Shaw wanted to impress wpon me was that one should speak aturally and not shout inte a miero- phone. “Your own ‘talkie’” I said, “was a great success, wasn't it?" Must Have Been Suecess. “Wwell, I did my best,” replied Shaw. “I more or less Produeed it myself. T put in that dialogue about Mussolini to vent them from show+ But they showed mer they did use shortly urposely to pre fl’w the film publicly. it and I don’t mind. I very well out of it, too, afterward two truck loads of apparatus drove up to my house and I was asked to make two more ‘talkles’ at 800 pounds each. But I refused.” ve you seen many ‘talkies'?” “I've seen some. One I thought was Erhctly acted and spoken, mean e one Ramsay MacDonald made. He was excellent, He seemed to know just ‘what to do. No other man could have gnn! it as well, exc!yl, Gladstone, had e been alive today,” said Shaw seri- ously. “He would have made perfect There can be no doubt. I think, that when the first “talkie” of & Shaw play 4» made, the dramatist will himself as- sist_in its production. - “Did you produce ‘The Apple Cart’ yourself?” T asked. “I interfered,” he admitted. “I often I dare say producers don't mind my interference.” ‘Another subject Shaw discussed with me was the actual method of writing— from the writer's point of view. His advice, I am confident, is of more use to an aspiring author than any given by a correspondence college, But then, not to hurt the feelings of those excel- lent institutions, I must add that every- has not the advantage of listening hile G. B. 8. pours words of wisdom r his head. Here, however, is a part of his advice, given not 50 much because 1 imagine that my readers want to write themselves (Arnold Bennett is always telling you what a hard life it 1) a8 because 1 think it sheds a strong t perseverance which in his characterized the young | haw. : “I dislike my early novels now,” Shaw told me, “for they remind me of the way 1 slaved and slaved over them. I wrote them in order to teach myself to write. Every day I set myself a cer- tain number of pages to write, and however tired I was I completed my task, sometimes even stopping in the middie of a sentence. I thought, as I wrote them, chiefly of the writing. I did | . mot realize at the time that I need not | - have bothered quite so much about my | #/i'le, which was adequate. Had I both- | Au less about my style, the novels, | novels, would probably have been Foundation in Craft. And so today Shaw sees in his novels | the foundation of his craft. “One | must,” he said, “learn to write first. | Then, once you know your job, there is | no need to bother with it any more. | All you have to do is 0 say what you | have to say without the bother of con- | idering how to say iL." | 1t Bernard Shaw wants to write a | lay, he can do it in a reasonably short ime, because he knows his job. And he expects other people to know their Jobs, too. { of music he had written—a funera march,” Bhaw said. “He told me it had | taken him nine years to write.” Shaw emiled, as only Shaw can smile, mis: chievously. “I told that man,” he con cluded, “that if it had taken him nine years to write his funeral march, then had no wish to hear it.” | Until 1 talked to Shaw, the perform- | ance I most regrettted having missed was that of Mrs. Patrick Campbell in *““The Second Mrs. Tanquera It tool lace some years before I was born. ut from Bernard Shaw himself I learned of what I imagine was an even more interesting performance, one I| would still less willingly have missed. | . This was given by Shaw on the occa sion when, in a room filled with people, the late Isadora Duncan made love to | him on a couch. In a book of mine, written shortly | DOrribl . after the dancer’s death, 1 recounted <. and very that Shaw had once had dinnsr with | Mr. Shaw might be given the Order of her, and that during the meal he had upbraided her for eating meat, calling her a cannibal. The incident was told me by Isadora, who, it now appears, was mistaken, 2t least as far as the meal wis concerned. ever in my life” Shaw wrote to “did 1 have a meal with Isadora.” , discussing the matter during my wisit, my h-st told me the little known using story his one and enly meeting with the famous s “My one meeting with Isadora—and 1 never saw her dance—was a curious cne,” said Shaw. “At the time I did & thing very rare for me to do I went “I can well imagine it,” I said. “Isa- dora was always telling me that she ought to have married either you or Augustus John. What impression did she make on you?" “Well,” replled Shaw, calmly, “the odd thing is that I cannot remember her as looking in the least like any of her photographs; which is curious,” be- cause in all of them she appears to have very distinctive features. To me she appeared fat and, well, rather like a plece of battered confectionery.” I told Shaw that the description fitted poor Isadora well. At the time he met her she had ceased to care bout her personal appearance, and the tragedies she had passed through al- ready had begun to find a refiection in her features. “She had the cheek of the devil,” said Shaw. “She said just what she liked. Yet there was more in her than that. Somehow one didn't feel like telling her to go to the devil.” I realized that now—with Shaw in an excellent mood, sitting opposite me— was the time to settle once for all the question of that celebrated anecdote so often repeated about the dramatist and Isadora Duncan. According to this anecdote Isadora, at a time when her figure was consid- ered by sculptors and artists to be one of the most graceful in the world, wrote to Shaw asking him if he would consent to have a child by her. She was supposed to have said: “You have the greatest brain in the world, I have the most graceful body. Let us then produce the perfect child.” To which Shaw replied: “But what if the child turned out to have my body and your brain?" The anecdote made Shaw smile. All good writers smile at their own witti- clsms. “Actually,” he said, “it was not Isadora who made that proposition to me. The story has been told about me in connection with several famous women, particularly Isadora Duncan, But I really received the strange offer from a foreign actress whose name you wouldn't know, and which I've forgot- ten. But I did make that reply.” I forgot to tell Shaw that shortly before her death Isadora had thought of asking him if she might be allowed to play “Saint Joan.” “The part in Shaw's great play,” she said, “has always been played by thin, scraggly women. But Saint Joan was a buxom country girl. Nowadays I have just the figure for the part.” One can talk to Mr. Bernard Shaw as one cannot talk to the average man. The reason for this is that the cele- brated dramatist, having much to be conceited about, is not conceited at all. 8o I next asked him a question which few authors in his place would have cared answer. A’ question which, I suppose, few young men in my place would have cared to ask him. But it is my belief that the more in- telligent & man is the less is he likely to resent a nice little f"” of frank interrogation. And in this particular case I am thankful to say that my THE SUNDAY CERTAIN friend of mine prospered mightily in his business and in- vestments. I used to see him often, and it distressed me to observe that his increase in wealth had apparently added nothing to his peace of mind. He seemed to be always wor- ried. His health was not too good. With each added million he developed a new complaint. The other day I saw him again for the first time in nearly a year. His eyes shone. He was full of pep and plans— a wonderful transformation. “You know, I used to talk a lot about retiring,” he sald, “and I had just about made.up my mind to do it when the stock market cracked. Then I inhuman enough to pass thi h life without regretting a single thing he has done. I wanted to know what mi takes, if any, he was conscious of having made. “Regret,” said Shaw, “is only a waste of time and a wrecker of enjoyment. I have made the usual number of mis- takes; but a list of them would make very dull reading.” My final question to Mr. Shaw was: “What plays, written since 1900, by other dramatists, would you not be ashamed of having written yourself?” “Who told you that there are any plays written since 1900 which I should be ashamed to have written?” he asked. It was my turn to answer, But I kept silent, concluding that Mr. Shaw would not mind being accused of writ- ing even “Abie’'s Irish Rose.” “He's & sweet old gentleman, id John Van Druten, the dramatist, to me a few days before I met Shaw. He is something more than that. He is a very remarkable sweet old gentle- man. A one, too. During my visit he discussed with me the art of writing, “talkies,” music, Noel Coward and many other absorbing topics. He discussed them, not sleepily, as so many elderly people do, but actually with the enthusiasm of an earnest undergradu- ate. 4 On the beach on Antibes once I men- tioned Shaw's name to a very fat old colonel who was recovering from a very fat lunch, “Shaw,” he cried, “does anybody belief was entirely justified. Smiles at Criticism. “Tell me, Mr. Shaw,” I said, “what is wrong with George Moore? He told me recently that he thought you were such & vulgarian. He accused you, too, of advertising to the world the un- important fact that "ou had changed your address. Also he declared that you were far too fond of talking about yourself. And, in addition, he sald that your plays made him sick.” Some famous men I know undoubt- edly would have turned erimson with rage at being told for the first time of these_ criticisms against themselves. Mr. Shaw, however, only smiled; and in that calm, rich voice of his he said: “I do not see that these sallies of George's prove that there is anything wrong with him. I doubt if he thinks me excessively vulgar. A man without vulgarity could no more exist than a man without a stomach. I made my change of address known to save George from sending letters to the wrong address. He cannot seriously complain of this. I talk about myself because I have had a good deal of significant and interesting experiences which are useful as evidence. I ought to do more in this way; but I am a little tired of myself and am apt to shirk my social duties. Everybody's plays make somebody sick sometimes. George must put up with it if he ca not resist reading mine. The sickness is probably salutary.” Encouraged by this frank answer to a frank question, I decided that there was no question one need be afraid of asking. “Tell me, Mr. Shaw,” T asked, “how would the definite assurance that you had another 230 years to live affect your present manner of living?” “I wonder!” replied Shaw. At first 1 thought the question was too much, even ior him. Yet in “Back to Me- thuselah” he had sugeested that 300 years was a reasonable age to reach, one which might enable the individuai to understand something of life. I waited. The reply came. “I should tak~ up a new profession, of course,” he said thoughtfully, “and! make the new development of my uld profession a recreation. Beyond that obvious change I can see nothing without an effort of imagination too arduous to be undertaken for the mere fun of it!” A pause. It is often harder to think of questions to ask than it is to answer them. When Shaw is watching one, fingering his handsome white beard and (unconsciously) making one aware that his answer to any question is likely because of his unique position in the world, to go ringing through the cen- turies, one has to be careful what one aske him. I had a vision of myself either “drying up” altogether or forced in desperation to ask him what his favorite flower was, or to name his lucky day. In which case, I admitted, he would have been perfectly justified in throwing me out for wasting his time. Real Hell Possibilities. “Tell me, Mr. Shaw,” I said at last, “what 1s your idea of hell on earth?” 1 do not see how my vision of hell can improve on the worst existing realtities, he declared. “All attempts have failed; the brimstone and ice of the legends are entirely earthly, being merely prolongations of familiar pains. Possibly an eternity of the pleasures we seek most eagerly would be more | Not long ago it was thought that | Merit for his services to literature. At the time he informed the press that he had already awarded himself that onor. ‘Tell me, Mr 8haw,” I said, “when and for what work particularly, did you award yourself the Order of | Merit?" “It is a matter of justification by mtlh rather than by works,” came the reply. know what he is talking about? Does he know himself? Why, the man's a clown!™ Nobody, I think, confronted by the two figures—Mr. Shaw’s slim active one and the colonel's immovable bulk— would have had any doubt as to which of them most nearly resembled a clown. As for their conversation—but then the colonel hadn't any. Yes, Bernard Shaw is definitely one of the younger ration. May he live to & ripe old PUBLIC LIBRARY Recent accessions to the Public Library and lists of recommended read- ing will appear in this column every Sunday. Essays. Dent, J. C. Thought in English Prose. Y-Dé38t. Harrison, G. B., ed. Shake- speare’s Day. 1 8. Hazard, Mrs. L. L. ed. America. Y-9H332. Heydrick, B. A, ed. Familiar Essays of ‘Today. Y-9H518f. Humphrey, Zephine. Winterwise. 1928, Y-H886w. Scheifley, W. H. Essays on French 9-8ch2. Silhouettes. Literature. ZY3 Carrick, A. V. L. .Shades of Our An- cestors. WMBS-C23. Sprague, Curtiss, How to Draw Sil- houettes. WMS-SpT4. Swannell, Mildred. per Silhouettes. 1928. IKH-8w26. England in 928. -9H2: In Search of Hygiene. Bolduan, C. P. Public Health and Hy- giene. B63p. Downing, E. R. Science in the Service of Health. QI-D756s. | Pishbein, Morris. Shattering Health | Superstitions. Q-F52s. | 8hanks, Joseph. Your Nose, Throat,| Voice and Hygiene. QT-Sh 12y. Winslow, C. E. A. A Teacher’s Manual. QD-W13t. Advertising. The Advertising Parade: An Anthology | of Good Advertisements Published in 1928. HKA-6Ad9. | Association of National Advertisers, | ‘The Advertiser Looks at Radio, HKA-As76. Aymar, G. C. An Introduction to Ad- vertising Illustration. WM-Ay52. Durham, R. P, ed. Financial Adver- tising in 1929, HKA-D9S. Harvard University Guarduate School | of Business Administration. Pirst | Five Years. Harvard Advertising Awards. 1924-19; HKA-H26. | Surrey, Richard. Layout Technique in| Advertising. HKA-Bu77. | Western Advertising Association. Sell- | ing Today. HKP-W52. Travel. Armstrong, Harold. Turkey and Syria Reborn. G601-Ar56. | Ducros, Louis, French Society in the | gi‘[blzlleenth Century. 1926, G38-| Gwynn, Stephen. Capt. Scott. G149-| 9. G99, | Singer, Caroline. White Africans and Black. G749-8i64. A Varied Collection, Butler, Mrs. E. L. Along the Shore. MZ. -B97. Clowes, E. 8. Shipways to the Sea. HJIW-C62s. Deane, A. C. How to Understand the Gospels. CBUG-D34. Eadie, Thomas. I Like Diving. SOR- Ea24. Perrero, Guglielmo. ‘The Unity of the World. JAJ-F4LE. Hedden, W. P. How Great Cities Are Fed. HES3-H35. Kraus, A. J. I. 8ick Society. I-K86, Lawrence, David. The Other Side of “Tell me, Mr. Shaw,” T said, “what regrets are there in your life' An answer to this question would, I thought, destroy the ides, which I have heard expressed, that G. B. 8. has been Government. JU83-L43o. Lorwin, L. L. Labor and Interpational- ism. HPF-L89. |ence on Cuban economic life. Mazur, P. M. America Looks Abroad. HK83-M45, ’ STAR, discovered that I couldn't af- ford to retire. “I've gone back to work, and it’s the greatest tonic I ever had. I doubt now if I'll ever retire. When you come to think of it,” he added, “idleness is just a form of suicide.” The phrase is striking, but the thought which it expresses is not new. Many men have made the same discovery and usually at the price of unhap- piness. Charles Lamb, when released at last from his drudgery of desk work at the India office, cried out that he would not go back to his “prison for 10,000 pounds.” “I am free! Free as air!” he wrote ecstatically to a friend. WASE LU TON, —— “I will live another 50 years. Positively the best thing a man can do is nothing.” Two years passed. Idleness lost its charm. Time, which had seemed to pass slowly when he was chained to a job, now hung around his neck like a millstone. With his days free for writing, he actually wrote less than in the years when, with all their dull routine, he had been stimulated by daily contact with the active world. “I assure you no work at all is worse than overwork; the mind preys on itself—the most unwholesome of food.” 8o he wrote to the same friend. “I have ceased to care for almost anything. Never did the waters of heaven pour down on a for- (Copyright, 1930.) IN LATIN AMERICA By Gaston Nerval. LOOKING AT THE TARIFF, HE first consequences of the new g:ouctlonm American tariff are ing felt in Latin America. Following protests from their local chambers of commerce and from the press in general, two Latin American governments moved last week to remedy or neutralize the purported harmful effects of the new tariffs. Un- like the European nations, however, they did not undertake these measures as a retaliation, or with the more or less dissembled intention of “getting even” with Uncle S8am. They know that the United States is entirely within her rights in passing the duties she thinks necessary to protect her own industries and her domestic prosperity. They know that, above everything else and even at the risk of a bit of international prestige, the Americap Government has to look after the general well being and the economic good of its own people. jovernments would not act differently if they were to choose, them- selves, between the interests of foreign competitors and those of their own people. It is true that in some instances the American legislators have raised duties on certain commodities to the heights, but this is a matter to be taken up by the American Government alone, and from the effects of which American commerce itself will be the first to suffer. ‘Therefore. stead of sending out pompous _official declarations or “ulti~ matums,” which sound extravagant when aimed at a country of such tre- mendously s T resources and wealth as the United States, the Latin govern- ments are taking steps to palliate the damage caused by the tariff walls which are cutting down their exports to this country, their best customer by far. The Cuban government has announced a_ wide-open program or diversification of industry, in order to spread in vari- ous directions the national energles that have been heretofore exclusively en- gaged in the sugar industry. On this the whole economic standing of Cuba, 80 far, has been dependent. The ob- stacles of the new higher tariff have made Cuba realize the danger of being a single-crop country, and the Cuban authorities are now undertaking to solve the basic problem of Cuban prosperity by creating and encouraging new in- dustries and new trade possibilities. Until today the economic situation of the island republic has been but the reflex of her national industry. the sugar cane. It can almost be said that her entire population has been engaged in toiling in the cane flelds. The gen- eral well being of her citizens has de- pended upon the fluctuations of sugar prices in the world markets. And for “world markets” we might just as well say “New York markets’ for three- fourths of the total Cuban sugar crop is eonsumed in this country. Hence, any modification of the sugar duties must necessarily have enormous influ- Once before this was shown, when a general depression in the island followed the |increase of the American sugar tariff in 1024. This year an even more seri- ous crisis is expected as a result of the further increase in tariffs, just sanc- tioned in the Hawley-8moot bill. It is with a view to remedying this extremely “interdependent” state of affairs that the Cuban government moves now to- ward diversification of industry. ‘The Mexican government, almost at the same time, reaches the conclusion | that, “although an immediate crisis may be expected” as a consequence of the high dutles placed on Mexican prpducts entering the United States, this can be remedied to a large extent “by the in- tensification of local industries and by the creation of new markets for those | Mexican articles heretofore exported to the United States.” After showing that the new tariff will affect Mexican exports to this country to the exent of 30,000,000 pesos (8§15~ 000,000), the Mexican minister of finance states: tariff should not be considered in any way as ruinous, but should serve as an incentive to Mexican producers to seek new markets in Europe, Canada, Cen- tral and South America. The success of such efforts might result in economic benefit for Mexico.” From all of which it may well be de- duced that instead of hindering Latin American prosperity, the new tariff might even redound to its benefit. That is the. goal of good statesmanship: to transform damaging blows into ele- ments of success. FEMINISM IN LATIN AMERICA. Through American newspapers, books, movies and radio, American ways of liv- ing and American social standards are flowing daily to the South and becoming merged with the romantic and tradi- :L«‘mll life of the Spanish-born coun- es, pace with Uncle Sam. Some of these changes, however, seem to be a little too radical and sudden for actual conditions on the other side of the Rio Grande. And no- where can this be more clearly seen than in the eagerness, or the hastiness, with which Latin American women en- deavor to mfi‘..not only the fashions— which would harmless—but the ac- tivities, the points of view, the occupa- tions of the women of this O “The new United States | who exert themselves to keep | | | | ‘There are changes which require time, method, order. Usually these aré the changes which are susceptible of suc- cessful attainment. Precipitation does not lead anywhere. It takes a lot of optimism, indeed, to pretend that blush- lns “senoritas,” who were not permit- ted until recently to even beyond the doorways of their mansions with- out watchful chlrronl, could be con- verted in a fortnight into independent flappers, venturing into business offices or taking away from men their posi- tions and their “hobbies.” In the United States women have long been in politics. In Latin America the announcement just made by & prominent feminist leader that she is going to take part as a candidate in the next Paraguayan elections has been re- ceived with more curiousity than seri- ousness. It is thought there, and not without reason, that, although the women of the United States have had & general and itical education which fits them to take up national problems, the preparation of Latin American women is still deficient. The majority of public men and scholars of Latin America sincerely believe that it would be hazardous as yet to give women di- rect participation in tl conduct of their national and international affairs. Not, at least, before having undertaken a methodical prepdration for such change. I still remember what the famous American internationalist James Brown Scott told me on a certain occasion, when the question of the participation of Latin American women in the salv- ing of continental problems was being discussed in Havana. “Some day it will have to come,” he sald. “This question of woman's rights is like learning to swim: you have to jump in the water, and then the prob- jem of swimming 'is solved. But first you have to get into the water; you ean't swim on the ground. Just so the Latin American women cannot win their rights if they are not given the opportunity to do it.” To which I could have answered that many people get drowned jumping into the |‘,“" without knowing how to swim A NATION WITHOUT DEBTS. In this century of ours, in this “credit era” in which we live, if & man with no debts is hard enough to find, how much more strange would it be to hear of a nation without debts? And yet, if the plans of the Venezuelan government do not fail, there will be such a nation at the end of this year, ‘The distinction of being the only civ- ilized country in the world with no ex- ternal debt will be claimed by Vene- zuela on December 17, 1930, the 100th anniversary of the death of Gen. Simon Bolivar, the liberator of that country, | according to cable dispatches from | Caracas. The Venezuelan government has an=- nounced that a feature of the celebra= tion of Bolivar's centenary will be the redemption of foreign bonds valued at 19,000,000 bolivars (about $3,800,000), which’ constitute the country’s total ex- ternal debt. Thus the Venezuelans believe that there can be no better means of honor- ing the memory of the man who gave them political independence than secur- ing the complete economic independence | of the country. In the past Venezuela | was more than once threatened with in- tervention, and actually suffered inter- ventoin by foreign powers as a result of her external financial complications. In the future no foreign country will be' able to hold the threat of intervention | over Venezuela on the plea that its for- | eign bondholders must be protected, | ‘The reports add that the discovery of ofl made the new financial arrange- ment ible. During the past few years the government has been using a substantial portion of the petroleum rev- enues, which came so suddenly to swell the nation’s treasury, for reducing the country’s foreign debt. It is estimated | that $9,000,000 annually, or 75 per cent | of the government's income, is produced | by the export and other taxes on het oll | industry. With the forelgn debt paid, a large | sum will now be available yearly for encouraging the development of Vene- zuela’s natural resources and for the bullding of much-needed highways and harbor factlities. FOOT BALL GOES SPANISH. ‘While boxing, base ball, polo and golf championships are being disputed in the United States, a world foot 1 tourna- ment began last Sunday in Montevideo, lorner head. What I can do, and overdo, is to walk. I am a sanguinary murderer of time. But the oracle is silent.” Henry Thoreau, who saw many things clearly, looked forward to a time when every man’s life would be reasonably divided between hard work and happy leisure. “Why should the hen sit all day?” he asked. “She can lay but one egg, and, besides, she will not have picked up mate- rials for a new one. Those who work much do not work hard.” Both idleness and unrelieved drudgery are forms of suicide. Somewhere between them is a happy medium which is really lving. iards, Portuguese, Italians, etc.—until both were classed as finalists. In the deciding game, the Uruguayan team, which had previously completed a sen- sational tour of some of the European countries, defeated the “eleven” from Argentina, and won for the first time the world championship for South Mg:rlu. = ince then, South American soccer foot ball has been regarded with high consideration, and the best teams of Europe have made periodical visits to Argentina and Uruguay to meet the new masters of the game. This time the capital of the tiny but prosperous republic of Uruguay is the scene of a universal chnmplnm{lp con- test in foot ball. Teams from all over the world—the United States, England, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Bel- glum, Portugal, the Netherlands, Czecho- slovakia, Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Argentina, etc.—are tal part in the tournament, and con- tending eagerly for the world trophy. Sunday, the 27th, is the day scheduled for the last game of the champlonship. On that date we shall see whether the Latin American supremacy in foot ball has only been passing incident, or whether the practice oi foot ball has really and definitely taken the place, in Latin America, of the traditional and spectacular bullfights. In this latter :lrse, lgo':,obilll faces the risk of being eferre , in some future day, as “jusf another old Spanish Cus'.om."y 1 (Copyright, 1930.) French Woman Awarded “Hospital Doctor” Title Feminism has just carried off a great victory in France with the winning by | Mme. Bertrand-Fontaine (the daughter | of a noted geologist) of the title of “hospital doctor.” The hospital doctor sees to the cases of a certain number of wards in the hospital to which he is attached, and teaches his assistants and students about each case. It is the first time that any woman in France has access to what is considered the crowning honor of a physician’s life. The first two steps to that exalted post are the ‘“externat,” | whereby the medical student is entitled to visit hospitals and to attend the les- sons of the hospital doctor; the other is “internat,” which means for students living in a hosiptal with small allow- ances and being assistants to the pro- fessor, Both “externat” and “internat” are obtained by competitive examination. | Hard-working girls in the post had suc- ceeded 1n breaking their way through the high ranks among medical men, but the success of their very charming and only 30-year-old comrade opens for them new hopes and is hailed with im~ mense joy. . Flag Dispute Settled By Sewing 2 Together When the ninth Par Eastern Olympic games opened here recently there was something of a controversy over what flag the Indian delegation should fly over the building which housed the athletes. The participants from India brought with them the viceroy's flag, which had been presented to them espe-~ cially for the occasion. ‘When this banner appeared, however, ‘I number of Indian residents voiced their disapproval in no uncertain terms, insisting that as Indians the men should | compete under the Gandhi flag, The | discussion went on for some time, al- though it did not become the subject of official action on the part of either the British embassy or the foreign office. On the day of the opening of the games those who went by the building which carried the four flags of Japan. China, the Philippines and India were surprised to see that the Indians had solved their problem by sewing the viceroy'’s and Gandhi's flags together, making one banner out of the two and satisfactory to both parties if they were careful to look only at one side. “American Week” Held At Resort in Germany To prove to skeptieal Europe that the Unl&.d States does possess a culture of itys6wn, Bad Pyrmont, one of the best known German health resorts, has re- cently held an “American week.” the capital of Uruguay. However, this is not the foot ball played in American universities, or that applauded wildly, | every Fall, by American foot ball fans. | It is, instead, “soccer foot ball” or | “Engiish foot ball” in the playing of which the Latin Americans have lately | won undisputed fame. | Almost as early as base ball began to | be played in this country soccer foot ball was the favorite entertainment of Latin American crowds, and today it is the national game of almost every coun- try south of the Rio Grande. | It was not until 1924 that the world | heard of Latin American foot ball. In that year two South American teams took part for the first time in a world championship, the Ol ‘enc] n, icans, Belgians, Swiss, Germans, r- Span- As a matter of fact, the typical Eur pean skeptic who chnlleng!lp America’ creative power in anything but tech nique and organization is gradually dis- :ppclnnl from the scene. Too many merican COMPpOSers, poets, sci disprove this col'llzntlon.p v -~ Pyrmont’s “American week” opened with a concert by the Dresden Philhar- monic Orchestra, the program consist- ing of a concerto grosso by Ernest Bloch, the same composer’s epic rhap- sody and a Negro rhapsody by Rubi Goldmark. The concert was a remarkable suc- New Light on the Kaiser great fight, all the orders were sud- denly reversed. Historians have puzsied in Washington such & question of|over that, but recently I read the ex- precedence, as, for instance, the relative | planation—this German physician. He rank of a Senator's wife and the sister| had been away when the battle was of a Vice President. | begun, but returned in time to save In all essentials the Empress treated | Napoleon from disaster. He saw that my wife as might any well bred Amer-|the cambined Russians and Prussians jcan or English hostess whose husband | Were preparing a surprise attack, of occupied an_exceptional position—say | which Napoleon had no knowledge. Na- viceroy of Indian or commander-in-|poleon then. on this advice alone, al- chief at West Point. -fired his whole battle plan and saved | his army. Thanked Empress for Her Book. “Eylau was no dazsling feat of arms, Of course, I seized the first opportu- | as was Yena or Austerlitz, much less nity to thank the Empress for having | the campaigns of Italy. It was a tech- published in English her very inter- | nical victory, in so far as Napoleon held esting_book on “Life at Doorn.” In | his ground, but so heavy were his losses my opinion it did an immense amount | that a few more such triumphs would of good, because it was read by every have ended his military career.” intelligent American woman and gave | I asked the Kaiser why, then, did to the world a new picture of the Kai- | Napoleon have such reverses as in the ser—his_human and domestic side. | Moscow campaign of 1812. To which 8he had, she said, been severely he answered that the German physi- critieized by members of her own fam- | cian of second-sight powers had warned ily, but had been encouraged—even him of impending disaster, but in vain. (Continued From First Page) urged—to this publication by the Kaiser himself. It is obvious that this home is thit of & well mated and happy pair—it is also one in which table talk is an art that is carefully cultivated. There were many portraits of the Great, Frederick on the walls, and I commented on what I thought was the fact that he had never sat for his por- trait. The Kaiser himself showed me one which he said was done from life ~—in early years. It was not, however, a striking work. Indeed, if the Kaiser is correct in this matter, it may plain why the hero of the Seven Yes 'ar oonsistently declined all subse- quent appeals from artists in por- traiture. Rebuffed by German Artist. Referring to the 150th anniversary of zome notable moment in the iife of the Great Frederick, the Kaliser gave me this characteristic anecdote of the Ger- man painter, Adolf Menzel: “I wanted much to have Menzel make a decorative sketch for the program of that related to that eighteenth cent hero and presumed that my request would be congenial to him. “But he was then about 90 years old, and maybe something had gone wrong on that particular morning. At any rate, when my adjutant (von Kessel) had persorally imparted my message Menzel stormed at him in a rage. He sald he would take orders from nobody. In short, he flatly refused and waved the imperial envoy out of his house. “Gen. von Kessel stood about 6 3 inches in height, while the ani Menzel could not have measured but the warrior pocketed his pride and pleaded that it was not an order of the Emperor—on the contrary it was a begging errand on which he had come —begging for his help in order to make successful this anniversary of the Great Frederick. General Retires. “But Menzel would not relent. He stormed even more passionately than before. There was nothing for the gen- eral to do but retire discomfited and report his failure to me “Next morning at 6 o'clock came a itapping at Gen. von Kessel's door— and whom should be find there but the same Adolf Menzel with a large port- folio under his . He had worked throughout the night in order to pro- duce a masterpiece and give it to me. #Buch are the paradoxes of genius.” ‘Then the Emperor showed me the picture—a characteristically eolorful and soulful eanvas about 30 by 20 inches. It could have been done by no other hand—so thought I the moment I saw it. The great King is proudly galloping over a fleld partially con- cealed by the smoke of battle and the dust from below. His eager eyes are ablaze in triumph and prophetic seren- ity; he has achieved the object of his military life; his country is now safe and respected; henceforth he lives for the arts of peace. In his hand is his walking stick and from his wrist is the sword, merely dangling as though no longer of practical use. He is on his famous gray charger, but the rider suggests a modern Pegasus, for there floats close behind him a charming Cupid playing soft music into his ear—smiting smilingly the lyre of Apollo. And in order to complete this prophetic picture, he has introduced the colors of United Germany—black, white, red—by way of recalling the last years of the great King's life, when al- ready the small states of Northern Eu- rope were looking to Prussia as their protector agalnst the arrogance Austria, Recalled Famous Cartoon. ‘This picture by Adolph Menzel con- firms me in the belief that he is also the author of a famous political car- toon published anonymously during the revolution of 1848. The original is in Munich, and was shown me 30 years ago by the then vy not sign it, but the authorship is not questioned among German experts in this fleld. It is a portrait of Lola Montez bein; pitchforked by Jesuits into the infernal regions_owing to her political activity in the Bavaria of 1848. She had urged the King (Ludwig I) to dismiss his cleri- oal ministry and give his people a liberal constitution with complete separation of church and state. But, alas, poor Lola —the Jesuits were too strong for her— or the King too weak. ‘This early cartoon of Menzel shows him in sympathy with Lola, while his last painting shows him an equally fervent admirer of the philosophical Frederick. These two pictures should hang side by side, for Frederick and Lola had much in common, They both were champions of liberty in matters of elasticity and good will. Menzel has given us the ideal Fred- erick—the portrait par excellence—just as Houdon has given us the standard Washington. And Menzel has given his ‘cess; Bloch's rha in_ particular was much appla A film entitled “America, the Land of Unlimited Pos: sibilities,” showed beautiful scenes of e e SRS e, i Zoe 3 uced as an ex- ample of American tic art. hero the same eyes as those of Musso- lini and Willlam II—the same eyes at certain moments of exaltation in speech, Supper a Simple Meal. Supper was at 8 punctually—a very simple meal compared with correspond- ing affairs in America or England. The Kaiser has always been abstemious in meats and other things—notably to- bacco and wine. His meals are the product of & perfect cook, but very sim- ple—they have been so from the time he ascended the throne in 1888, If there is truth in the well-worn aphorism: “Like master, like man!” then is the Kaiser an ideal master, for nowhere could one find a more perfect service or one performed with more elasticity and good will. ‘We were a small family party, all in usual evening dress and ‘the Kaiser in semi-formal uniform. Then the family physician, the naval aide and the mili- tary aide—in all nine, and waited upon by two or three man servants whose liveries were correctly unobtrusive—in- finitely more so than many I have seen at the palaces of parvenous in my na- tive city. Good Talker and Listener, ‘The Kaiser is a good talker, and also a good listener. Roosevelt never lis. tened save when being flattered. On this first evening he had referred to Napoleon as a great man and I had protested that the word greatness could not apply to a man who entered public life with scarce two shirts to his name and who left it as one of the richest iser nodded assent and his ayes d with enthusiasm when I told him of Washington, who would accept no salary for his many years of labor in the service of his countr{: on the contrary, who entered public life a rich man and left it with lighter purse. ‘Then he told me that Napoleon was very superstitious, and also much under the influence of a German physician who had the power called second-sight This physician could see the disposition of Napoleon's enemies before an im- pending battle, and thus make his vic- tories almost a foregone conclusion. “As a rule” sald the Kaiser Napo- leon carried aut any plan once formed. But there was one exception, at Eylau in 1807, when, in the midst of that ge— the festivities. I knew his love for ail | Toyal curator. Of course, Menzel dared | 1! Kaiser's Memory Prodigious. ‘The Kaiser would not vouch for the ‘hlstnrlcll accuracy of this tale, but biography has many instances of a seeming similarity. Lincoln is known | to have consulted fortune-tellers when | he was President; Wallenstein had an | astrologer at his elbow; the great con- querors of antiquity realized the i | portance of supernatural aid when se- lecting the time for battle. At dinner there was uninterrupted flow of good talk, at least whenever | the Emperor had the floor. He has ever been a great reader in many flelds, | notably histary of the human race, re- | ligion; archeology, geography, ethnogra= phy, the science of education. His mem- ory is prodigious and scarce a sentence that he does not illustrate from some | classical quotation or anecdote. | To my great joy, no cocktails were offered before this or any other meal, | as_would have been the case in Eng- |land and_America, or even modern 'Rome or Paris. Per contra, the wines | were of the very choicest, notably & | 1921 Niersteiner that would have re- | tailed in any well bootlegged American | cabaret at $15 a bottle. Pattern of Temperance, Yet Liberal. But, as I have already hinted, the Kaiser is a pattern of temperance in drink, no less than in meat and smoke. But he is not & fanatic, and his guests cannot complain, not even those dessi- cated Yankees from the parched pre- cinets where American dry law reigns. The Kaiser, in his most autocratic t | moments, never dreamed that he could impose upon his people such a joke as Congress has laid upon us in the name of a free and enlightened republic, He asked me to explain it. I said that I could not; it was an- other case of “cherchez la femme!"— the curse of woman’s vote! After dinner the main reception room became & cinema hall, where the house- hold enjoyed a series of pictures thrown onto a vast sheet. The Emperor goes early to bed and has always been an early riser, so we separated at about 10 o'clock for our first night under the tiles of Deorn. The Kaiser's motor car carried us to the guest house, where we ordered breakfast for 7 o'clock next morning in our suite—the old-fashioned Prench cafe au lait, with honey or marmalade and some toast. Elizabeth was the name of the good- looking maid who took charge of us at Doorn, who made up the room and brought up our breakfast. She said she had been 11 years in his service and he was a model had already spoken of her to me as Another of Mr. Bigelow's stories about the former German Emperor will appear in the editorial section of The Star next Sunday. Japanese Honor I;og In Mountain Shrine A small shrine atop one of the peaks | of the Japanese Alps, seldom visited by foreigners, is the central object in an interesting legend of old Japam. The shrine is in the shadow of a-large cypress tree, which is called Inuboe-No- Hinoki or Dog-Barking Oypress-Tree, and is dedicated to the memory of a canine whose sacrifice is supposed to have saved the lives of the population in that district. Tradition has it that once the two Kinki were visited by a terrible deluge, which made the mountain streams into rushing torrents that swept all before them and filled the valleys with water. The population, terror-stricken, was forced-on to higher land, but, accordin; to the story, the higher they went th higher the water followed them. Fina ly the people could go no farther; they ad reached the of this peak, Tamaokiyama. Some committed suicide by jumping into the water, and the others were sure that death was near, At this crucial moment a dog elimbed to the top of a cypress tree on the summit and for three days and nights barked at the rain and floods. On the fourth day he jumped into the water and was drowned, but the floods imme- diately receded, and the people were saved. It was in honor of this deed that the shrine was built and the tree given a special name. For the climber who goes out of the way and ascends to the top of Tamaokiyama there is waiting one of the T,rlndul panoramic views of any obtainable in Japan. 100 Oregon Students Studying in Hawaii Special attention ‘to Pacific ques- tions will be given by students of the University of Oregon who are “invad- ing” Hawall this Summer on a unique trip. The Oregonians, numbering more than 100, arrived July 1 for six weeks of study in the islands, the University of Oregon having evolved a plan where- by a considerable section of its students was transferred bodily from Eugene to Honolulu for the Summer. Courses given on this “travel trip” include economics and sociology, jour- nalism, politieal science, geology and botany. An ample faculty has gone with the Oregon students, which is be- ing housed on the campus of Punahou Academy, a short walk from the Uni- versity of Hawail. At the same time Hawaiian students are being invited to attend the Summer courses at the Uni- versity of Ore,on. If this experiment proves successful other Pacific Coast | institutions may adopt a similar plan. Collection of Nansen Art Placed on Display * A most unusual art exhibition re- cently was opened at Oslo, Norway, with the late Prof. Fridtjof Nansen as sole exhibitor. He was an ardent lover of rt and during his lifetime made nu- merous drawings, water colors pas- tels. His intimate friend, the famous Norwegian painter, Erik Werenskiold, and his son-in-law, and the reputed painter, Prof. Revold, after Nansen's death, selected about 100 of the most representative examples of his art and now the public for the first time has an opportunity to learn still a new side ol“thl.: r}c:gy l‘“:fid personality. lost of the pictures are astonishingly small in size. “I often told Mr, NI‘ o sen to make his cartoons larger, Prof. Werenskiold, “but he has always refused, fearing one might think him pretentious.” The exhibition shows that this fear was unfounded. The pictures are con- sidered masterpieces and one of them portrays Prof. Nansen sitting on his knees playing with his 4-year-old grandchild. The earliest picture of the early youm‘“:.nh“x re. mmm .‘d'u‘nr\nl“ p ny were :‘:umm el tions. ’rh’e latest pic~ only & few days be> fore his death.