Evening Star Newspaper, July 20, 1930, Page 69

S THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JULY 20, 1930. Economic Union of Leading Central Powers to Be Effected Within Next Decade, Declares Educator and World-Peace Leader—War Is Under the 1able and Nations Are Insistent Upon Lasting Peace. As Told to Harry Goldberg. ITHIN the life of the generation now carrying on the business of the world there will be a profouad change in the organized life of the globe. Within ten years European nations, still separated by the bitter= ness left over from the war, will form an eco- nomic union and the United States of Europe will be on its way. This is the view of Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, after a recent tour of the principal European nations. Dr. Butlef does not regard this as a prophecy, but considers that he is describing what is soon to become an accomplished fact. “Do you suppose,” he said, “that Briand published his plan for the federal union of the European states without previously having laid the groundwork in private discussions with the heads of the important powers? Do you supe pose a man of his diplomatic and political ex- perience would have made publc a document of such importance without having at least half completed the work necessary to bring it to a practical realization?” “What nations will unite?” he was asked. “France, Germany, Poland and Czecho- slovakia,” he replied. “Italy will be friendly but probably stay out. Her economic situation is like that of England in 1846. She will have to be a free-trade nation. She has no natural resources, but she is completing a huge hydro- electric development to yield cheap power for manufacturing and she is developing a huge merchant fleet to transport the raw materials she will buy and the finished goods she will sell, “England is undecided, but while she will re- main friendly with the Continent, it is likely that she will unite herself by closer bonds with the other members of the British com- monwealth of nations.” uANDthhwfllhappenInteumn.Dr. Butler?” “In less than ten years. You must under- stand that there is & new psychology in Europe and that the common people are more firmly than ever in power. They have had enough war. They paid all the bills. They suffered hunger and thirst and destruction. Enough! They want no more of it! “Public opinion in virtually every country of Burope is ahead ‘of ‘the:action o:.d policies of the governments. Public opinion Would aftriost £ United States of Europe in Ten Years By Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler. Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler describes verbal storms and outbreaks as “grow- ing pains” leading to a closer relationship of European mations. everywhere sustain a nluch quicker and sharper reduction of expenditures upon armament than the governments thempelves seem at present ready to make. “The chief reason for this is to be found in their fear, left over from an old way of thinking in international affairs, that a govern- ment would lose in prestige if it were to reduce its armaments below those of some neighbor- ing nation. This consideration would seem more suitable for children playing in a back than for governments charged with re- sponsibility for the peace of tg&ovorld. “When I was in Europe ré’ e dwdr | there was constant talk of war and but war. Now nobody talks about it. It is done. I' is under the table. Why, in Berlin, where you couldn’t turn without bumping into & uniform, I saw only eight soldiers during my entire visit. There were four guards in front of President von Hindenburg's offices when I arrived and when I as leaving I saw four more—the guard was being changed.” “If the war spirit is dead, how do you explain Mussolini?” “I don’t explain him, Italy :e;ot‘l:a ‘I t:l?:; 1 power, Mussplini has endo P i a Ve Bl 4 pouth. " They are gdaw Lo & B D ENGLAND will remain friendly with the Continent and unite herself by closer bonds with other members of the British commonwealth of nations. FRANCE is still strong for security, but Briand is determined to make definite E:o;ress in his plans for uniting rope. ITA needs roem in Africa and is entitled to have it. Mussolini has given his people new youth. 3 GERfiANY is hard at work trying te win back its leadership in business and in the sphere of intellect. RUSSIA will decide the fate of the Soviet during 1930-31. Economic fail- ure may bring collapse of the pres ent government. young in spirit, young in feeling, young in ambition and young in enthusiasm. They wisth to sit again in the seats of the mighty and te be hailed as one of the great intellectual and political forces of the modern world. “Italy needs room in Africa and she is em= titled to it. England recognized that three @ four years ago when she rectified the frontiers around Abyssinia. Now France is asked to do the same on the other side.” i “IBN'T France still strongly militaristic? She formed a diplomatic ring around Germany through Central and Eastern Europe.® “France is still strong for security, but yow can't blame the French government for that, France has been the battleground of Europe, and fear is still strong in many minds. The United States refused to sign the tripartite treaty, England refused to sign it, and se France looked out for herself by her system of alliances. “But Briand is delermined to make definite strides will be made toward firmly cementing European peace.” “Does the spirit of nationalism still burm strongly enough to thwart the effort toward friendly and intimate relations between na« tions so recently at war?” “Nationalism is still strong, of course. It is only natural that such feelings shomld prevail, 113041 e 3 VA IIRSY