Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1930, Page 32

THE EVENING STAR e WA Sunfay Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.......s..May 18, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Off| welith Bt and Pennsylvania Ave, ork Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. icago Mich Bindine. egent 8t.. London, te by Carrier Within the City. venine Btar.: ... 430 ber month v Biar 806 per month r ‘Bs per month Eihday Brar & el 2opy Collection made at the end of each mouih. Gers may Be sent in by mal of telephone Ational 8000, Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and ally and Sunday.....1 aily only . 1 8unday only 1 All Other States and Canada. afly and Sunday..] yr. $12.00; 1 mo., $1.00 iy only 1 $800° 1 ma.. " ise unday only ", 1yr, $5.00; 1mo, Member of the Associated Press. Press Is exclusively entitled o Associated $o the use for republication of ail atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- in this paper and also the local r.ews published herein. All rights of publication of special dispaiches herein are lso reserved. e —— Grade-Crossing Elimination. ‘With the rather laconic comment that “the committee was not sympathetically inclined at this time to the expenditure when projects ,of more importance are pending,” the House appropriations committee struck from the District bill an item for elimination of the Chestnut street grade crossing and the construc- tion of an underpass at Fern street. ‘The Senate put the item back in the bill, and, together with other changes, it will be settled when the bill goes to “conference. .. 85¢ 0., 50¢ 34.00; 1 mo.. 40¢ E Of course, the matter of relative im- portance of items in the District bill is * one that taxes the deep thought and in- . .genuity of the legislators. Spending < ,8211,000 on eliminating this grade cross- * instance, presents a nice question. ing, where four persons have been . -killed, or $300,000 on & farmers’ produce market in Southwest Washington, for A good many citizens of Maryland and the District use the grade crossing. ‘Many downtrodden farmers of Virginia and points South will doubtless use the produce market. But as Congress defl- nitely Insists upon the latter, the Senate has taken the wise course in approv- ing both. The House should agree. After two deaths had occurred at the Chestnut street crossing, one of them a boy on his way to school, the other a watchman who attempted to rescue the . boy, Congress, in 1027, passed & grade- crossing elimination act, authorizing, ~ with qthers, the Fern street project. Subsequent to the passage of this act . an automobile containing three persons “ was struck by a train at the Chestnut street crossing. Two of the occupants were killed and another was seriously injured. The Commissioners included in their estimates this year the item to go ahead with the elimination of the cross- ing, but the House struck it out, as re- " lated above, and the Senate restored it. It is estimated that between forty and auf . project as much as it authorized the = farmers' produce. market. Between the safety of children on their way to like manner. Her cousin, the late Duke ©of Cambridge, was for decades its com- mander-in-chief, and a good one, too, while that Duke of York who was brother to George IV earned and merited the title of “The Soldier's Friend.” ‘While royal blood by no means im- plies military ability—there have been too many ridiculous examples of crowned and coroneted military nin- compoops—no one can say that it im- plies the contrary, and the training that princes get is generally & thorough' one. No student of military history wiil deny the high ability of that Duke of Cumberland, son of George II, who put jdown the rebellion of the “Young Pre- tender” and also won glory on conti- nental flelds. True, his nickname was “Butcher,” but he knew his stuff, never- theless. A more recent example is the Grand Duke Nicholas of Czarist Russia, who was & leader of outstanding abil- ity, as his father had been before him against the Turks, and who, had he been properly backed up at home, might have made a great name for himself. It well might happen that years from now Britain will discover the pres- ent Prifce of Wales to be the most competent soldier she possessed. Let no one grudge him his admiral's or gen- eral's insignia, nor, for the matter of that, & fleld marshal's baton. cketeering in 8t. Louis. St. Louis is emulating Chicago in the matter of crime prevalence. That is to say, certain residents of the Mound City are setting up in business as racketeers in & manner to give the city on the lake lively competition for law- breaking. The St. Louis gang is evolv- ing its system. First the process was the kidnaping of operators of shady enterprises, particularly gambling re- sorts, and the extortion of ransom money. Then the game was extended to include business men of & more repu- table line of activity. Since the latter part of December nine persons have thus been abducted and held for pay- ments amounting, it is estimated, to $150,000. Now the racket is extended. The gang has organized itself, or at least given ltself a title, “The Lawbreakers Protective Association.” Letters in the name of this syndicate of crime are be- ing sent out to gamblers and book- makers—returning thus to the first field of operation—demanding “dues” in sums ranging up to $20,000. If the pay- ments are not forthcoming the objects of this attention will be “eliminated.” Reciplents of the letters with more than usual nerve have made them pub- lic, thus defying the “association.” Now is the time for St. Louls to act, vigorously and effectively. This sort of thing can be checked, with pluck on the part of police and prosecutors. ‘There seems to be no lack of evidence. In Chicago there has never been any great degree of doubt regarding the identities of the racketeers. They were known to the police in most cases. The timidity of the victims sometimes checked the punitive process, but in the main the system of blackmail and ex- tortion and eventual murder proceeded with effrontery born of confidence that the police were not greatly concerned. ‘There 15 no security in iniaction. Nor does the fact that the victims of the extortion racket are in most cases them- selves engaged in questionable, if not fllegal, enterprises justify inattention on the part of the authorities. It is but & short step by the racketeers from il- legitimate to legitimate business as & field for blackmail, In St. Louis al- ready the kidnapings have included some of the city’s most reputable mer- _school and the storage of farm produce . from the South there is nothing left to +- quibble about. District residents, if they * eould speak, undoubtedly would prefer . the former. The Senate has left the grade-cross- - ing elimination program, &s & whole, - rather indefinite, as regards another im- " portant project. It eliminated the Mon- : roe street overpass improvement which * the House had sccepted as a substitute for the Michigan avenue project and < left to the District committee the task of starting through the mill, as a sep- * arate pigce of legislation, the Michigan .« avenue project. This was done and the -Senate has already passed the bill. The * House committee has not yet reported “4t, but. should speedily do so, and the House should pass it. The project is “not only ‘designed to remove another ““dangerous crossing, but involves an im- ! portant highway project favored by the District authorities and the National Capital Park and Planning Commission. Some years will be required to complete 1t and action should be begun immedi- ately, in order that the necessary ap- propriation can be made this year. e ‘When & man confesses to & notorious * érime, the fascination of publicity, that " makes it seem to certain types of men- - tality worth any risk, has to be con- - sidered. In studying crime it has become ¢ customary to send for the psycho- " analysts as well as the police. ——t— Denunciation of prohibition in terms of earnest eloquence should render Mr. Morrow of New Jersey reasonably sure of & large element of the Atlantic City ‘vote. ———————— The Royal Road to Promotion. Somewhat reminiscent of the Civil War veteran who was the only man ever to hold commissions in the forces of the United States of both general and admiral, is the news from London stating that H. R. H. the Prince of ‘Wales will probably be promoted to both of these grades in the British armed forces within the year. He has been s captain in the navy for eleven years and a colonel, both regular and * honorary, for & simtlar period of time. He is & hard-working, consclentious and competent young officer and deserves the ndvancements. Let no one scoff at the thought of & " sprig of royalty attaining grades in ad- yance of many high officers who are yeara his seniors. Holding such ranks \ in army or navy 1s not only a preroga- tive of royalty, but is one of its serious and onerous duties, and, in the case of the British ruling house, at least, no nonsense is tolerated; royal officers must know their jobs just as thoroughly “as Father George learned his, when he started in the grade of midshipman, scrubbing .and holystoning the decks. The connection between the House of chants, These outbreaks of crime are indica- tive of the trend of the times toward leniency for Ilawbreaking. Soclety cannot indefinitely continue on this plane. It was just such & condition, with failure of law enforcement and public protection, that led to the or- ganization and operation of vigilance committees in the ploneer days of the West. Surely this should not be- come necessary now, in our present supposedly high state of organisation. ——————— Chicago is ocontemplating another world’s fair, which will have to display bold originality if it brings to attention anything sufficlently atartling to be a worthy successor of that old-time Chi- cago fair feature, the “midway plais- ance.” —ee Communists claim to be influential in Indis. That immense and mysteri- ous country has never shown need of outside assistance in creating disturb- ances which it has been rather proud to regard strictly as troubles of ita own. ———— Efforts to arrive at precise measure- ments of naval strength involve prob- lems in relativity as abstruse as those which establish the fame of Dr. Einstein, Whiskey Creek and Churchville, Churchville, on the banks of Whiskey Creek. belleves it has a grievance. Mavybe it has. It believes that the name ‘Whiskey Oreek is detrimental to the vil- lage through which the stream runs and that it is & stigma upon the spar- kling waters themselves. ‘Whiskey Creek rises in the mountains of Augusta County, Va, five miles or 80 above Churchville, and follows liter- ally & staggering course as it loses itself in Jonnings Branch, a tributary of Middle River, which flows into the Shenandoah, eventually becoming the Potomac, and, finally, Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantie Ocean. It ripples, swirls, cascades and sparkles as it dances its merry way over its crooked bed of jagged rocks. Four flourlshing churches within its borders have bestowed the name of Churchville upon the little town of about 300 people, which 4 now making & strenuous protest against & placard placed by the State Highway Depart- ment on & $10,000 bridge now in process of completion, proclaiming it to be “Whiskey Creek Bridge.” Churchville is described as a community having & larger percentage of asober, intelligent, God-fearing, church-loving people, with no taint of whisky upon their lives or breath, than any known community of its size. For that reason it resents the name Whiskey Creek and its community club has filed a petition asking that the stream be rechristened and that the signs on the new bridge bear the name “Castle Creek.” It s claimed by some that Castle Creek or Oastle Spring was the original name, bestowed because of the series of Windsor and the British forces is & close personal one and has been so for centurles. Queen Victoria used to aneak of “my army” in a very kaiser- castielike rock formations over which the waters flow. Others claim that it has always been known as Whiskey Creek. DAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. 0, MAY 18, 1930—PART TWO, AMERICAN MAPS EXCEL Research has developed that deeds more than & hundred years old refer to land located on what is now Whiskey Oreek as being on Castle Spring branch. If Whiskey Creek is a traditional and not an authentic name, how or when it became known by that cognomen s not clear, but it is belleved that at one time A couple ®f brandy stills were located on its banks. Thus the proposal to rechristen Whiskey Creek has created & volume of opposition well ™ nd the controveray has grown vide proportions. The State Highway Department, the State Con- servation and Development Commisslon, & member of the Virginia Senate and the Churchville Community Club are tackling from various angles the propo- sition “to change, or not to chang the name of the creek. Even the home town advertisers, or so-called boosters, have joined in to maintain that Whiskey Oreek is unique in that it is perhaps the only stream of water in the world bearing that name and that it will attract more attention than any other identification that could be given it. It all bolls down to the question, Is Whiskey Creek really a bad name, and does Churchville really have a griev- ance? And the answer seems to be as specific and to the point as that of & reputedly wise and worthy Oriental ‘whose reply to curious queries was in- variably “Mebbe 50, yes. Mebbe 80, no. Mebbe s0, I don't kno ete. ‘The word whisky itself has been the subject of much study and research, but no definite conclusion has been reached as to its exact origin or derivation. It 1s agreed, however, that its next nearest relative in léxicography is “usquebaugh,” an Erse word meaning “water of life Perhaps it is after all not such a ter- ribly bad name for a clear, clean, sparkling stream of water. ——— Police and Firemen Pay. Action of the Senate on Friday in passing the police and firemen's pay bill s gratifying and it is to be hoped that the House will concur soon and Tepeat the action of its District com- mittee in indorsing it. revision of legislation has been widely recommend- ed and favored. The only obj ns have come from the guardians of the public funds in the House, who have cited the bill as another item that will cost the District money. Of course it will cost money, but the pro- posal represents s pretty safe invest- ment for the taxpayers. Equitably di- vided between the District of Columbia and the Federal Government, joint beneficiaries, as well as joint supporters of police and fire protection, the burden of adequate salary for the men is nothing to be feared, nor should there be efforts to escape it. It is to be presumed that the changes in the scale made by the Senate are proposed in the best interests of the tax- payers as well as the majority of the men who will receive the higher pay. If there are inequalities that become obvious later they can be pointed out and corrected. Chinese authorities are warning Amer- jcan missionaries to leave embattled territory. The courage of their convic- tions should not prevent the missionaries from percelving that in China's present mood efforts to exert gentle spiritual persuasion are likely to prove omly & waste of time. B His plans for & visit to this country indicate that despite the magnificent scenes of banquet entertainment to which he has become accustomed, Am- bassador Dawes retains the simple taste which enables him to enjoy & White House breakfast. Should former Senator Gore be re- turned to the United States Capitol, he will be expected by those who heard his campaign speeches for Al Smith to contribute oratory that will make the ‘wet cause picturesquely attractive, even though it may not be triumphant. —_—————— Beveral of New Jersey's politicians are not inclined to regard Ambassador Morrow's speech against prohibition as exactly what might have been expected from a thoroughly experienced di- plomatist. BHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Relief Always Expected. Election Day will soon be here. It can’t delay for many & year. ‘When one Election Day is gone, Another glows like distant dawn. ‘We fear that crime waves cannot cease. Debate goes on of war or peace. ‘We seek new rules for what to think, And also for what not to drink. And so, when disappointments come, ‘We do not yleld to feelings glum. We always say with hopeful cheer, “Election day will soon be herel” Unocertainties. “Are you going to have & large cam- paign fund?” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Politics 18 uncertain enough without turning it into & financial speculation.” Jud Tunkins says the man who tells you there is no such thing as true eon- tentment is one of those folks who don't care enough about base ball to be on hand regular till the glorious day when the home team wins. Pictorial Celebrity. Descriptions have been rather tame As offered by biographers. I wonder how men managed fame Before they had photographers. Earth Can Take Care of Itself. “Some people still insist that the earth is flat instead of round.” “All I ask,” answered Mr. Chuggins, “is that I won't find one of my tires that way.” “It is not well,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “to neglect the sunshine of todsy in order to think of storms the future may bring.” Inevitable Punishment, We saw the bold detectives thrive On clues that forth were hurried; And if the miscreant is alive, ‘We know they've got him worried. “Education,” sald Uncle Eben, “makes life easier for dem dat kpows how to use it. A trick mule don't*have to do no regular work whatever.” - | mintstr; “MORE ABOUT HOME” BY THE RIGHT lgl’. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, ishop of Washington. Text, I Témothy, v.4: “Let them learn Arst to show plety at home.” “Be it ever so humble, is no pisee like home.” ‘This sentence in one of the most be- loved of songs was written by a man who was denied much of the joy and privilege of home life. It often haj pens that the world's wayfarers, who see the joys and satisfactions of the home from afar, are the ones who love it most dearly. We are reminded that in His later Jesus declared concerning Himself, “Foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man hath not where to lay His head.” In those few tragic years in which He moved among men, He yearned for the intimacles and companionships of home life. There was one humble ‘home in Bethany to which He fre- uently resorted. Here, environed by q underl‘:ndlnl friends, He found relief its wholesome simplicity in His early life. It is a singular fact that the major portion of the life of the Master is obscured to our vision. From in- fancy to 12 years of age little or noth- is told us concerning Him. know that He lived with Joseph, the carpenter, and Mary, His mother. We that in his twelfth year “He went to Nazareth and was subject unto ."” The following 18 years has no record to tell us of His ways and habits. Notwithstanding these facts, we may gain enough from the Gospel narrative to give us a conception of what His home life must have been. His chival- rous treatment of His mother, coupled with her unfalling devotion which grew out of an understanding heart, consti- tute one of the most idyllic pictures set before men. That the home environ- ment of Jesus played a conspicuous part in His public ministry is clearly evident. No her of men has lifted the home to a higher place than did He. Out of His ideals we have con- structed what we call the “Christian home.” It is well to be reminded at this time what we mean by this ideal. A Christian home is one in which the fine precepts of Christlan living have the place of pre-eminence. It is a place in which character development is given first place. It is a piace in which reverence is inculcated and where children learn from example rather than the precepts of their par- ents those elemental virtues that con- tribute to wholesome and clean living. It is a place in which the Bible is as an open book: where its immortal truths are studied and discussed with the same freedom and naturalness with which other themes are considered. It is a place where Christian convictions are rendered articulate and where cul- ture and refinement grow out of a spirit- ual atmosphere. In its highest ideal it is & place where the family altar is set up, and where the father occupies his sovereign office as priest of his household. It was the conception of such a home that prompted the Scotch bard to write: “From homes like these old Scotia’s glory springs, That makes her loved at home, revered abroad.” In the newer conceptions that are abroad today concerning life, we find ourselves s0 confused and bewildered that we are giving less heed to these things than we once did. Accelerated motion and & more colorful life, with an increasing variety of new-found luxuries, will hardly compensate us for the loss of those homeller, simpler ways to which we trace our growth and progress. Schools and colleges and other institutions that develop us along many lines have their distinctive place, but all of them combined are inconse- quential when compared with the home as a character-molding institution. If our children are to be saved from an overindulgence in luxuries of one kind and another that are enervating and that tend to looseness of habit, we must rebuild the home life of America and give it stability and & character that, in the present stage of our de- velopment, we are giving scant heed to. “Who Won the Treaty?” Is Now the Favorite International Problem BY WILLIAM HARD. The new naval treaty, whatever it may have done for tons and guns, has most ocertainly established & perfect parity in yelps and yowls for all three countries concerned. ‘This becomes abundantly apparent as the naval hear- ings on Capitol Hill in Washington con- tinue and as news keeps pouring in simultaneously through public_ dis- ?lt.chu and through private letters rom outraged and indignant admirals and statesmen in London and in Tokio. Admiral Takarebe, one of the Jap- anese delegates at London, has been pausing and hesitating in Korea before adventuring himself into his native land. The distinguished Japanese pub- licist, Mr. K. K. Kawakami, says that what bothers the Japanese delegates is that they fe that when they get back to Japan they will be assassinated. * ok ok ok Admiral Takerabe is undeniably in a frightful fix. Before he left Japan to go to London he addressed s con- siderable assemblage of Japanese digni- taries and promised them that in the London conference he would never re- cede from the Japanese naval demands for 70 per cent of the American strength in 8-inch gun cruisers and for & flat or full 78,000 tons of submarines for the Japanese navy irrespective of the views of any selfish foreign power. He said that, rather than recede from these demands, he would res from the 'fé’“‘" delegation and also from his office as secretary of the navy in the Japanese government. * %o He went to London; he receded from the demands named; he accepted for Japan 60 per cent of the American strength in 8-inch gun cruisers; he ac- cepted 53,700 tons of submarines for Japan instead of 78,000; he did mot resign from the Japanese delegation; h:rr'mceeded homeward via Siberia and arrived In Korea only to hear from across the Korean Straits an almost unanimous demand from Japanese naval officers that he at least resign from managing the navy of the proud country which bears as its emblem the rising, and not the setting, sun. * ok x % Admiral Kanji Kato, chief naval tech- nical adviser of the Japanese na eneral stafl, is most ?nlculnl 1 tn wait for Admiral :knnbe.’ "{'!mflz Kato we used to know in Washington during the Naval Arms Conference in He was a subordinate member then of the J?snuo delegation at that conference and profoundly believed that the Japanese empire was ting naval- ly trimmed by the American republic. He was stricken to_silence temporarily by another Kato—Tomosaburo Kato— who was the head of the Japanese del- egation in the 1921 conference. Tomo- saburo Kato has now gone on. Kanji Kato survives. He survives as Japan's cent; chnical naval authority. awaits Admiral Takarabe to convict him of treason. ko ‘The big point, there as here, is cruis- ers. 'The Japanese and the British at London (and this is perfectly true) tried to restrict 6-inch-gun cruisers to & tonnage of some seven thousand tons per unit. ‘The Americans insisted suc- cessfully that ch-gun cruisers should be permitted to grow to a 10,000-ton size. Why was this? The Japanese know. A 10,000-ton cruiser can cruise farther than a 7,000-ton cruiser and can arrive more readily in Japanese waters for offensive and hostile purposes. Sev- en-thousand-ton cruisers are stay-at- home innocent creatures. They ‘what the Japanese wanted. Ten-thou- sand-ton ¢! are ing and far-striking wild animals. They are what the Americans with their habitual ferocity wanted, and they are what the Americans with their accustomed diplo- ’l.:nlc subtlety and brutal skill succeeded 8. LR It is sald that Secretary of BState Stimson congratulates himself on being regarded as & great negotiator—in Japan. He bears a similar reputation in Brit- ain. This writer in London recently con- versed much with Lord Bridgeman, who used to be British first lord of the ad- miralty and who represented Britain at | the 1927 Naval Arms Conference at Geneva. Lord Bridgeman—and pretty nearly every other fine old crusty Brit- ish tleman that this writer met in London—thinks that the treaty is an abomination. They think so because of cruisers. Britain should have 70 cruisers, at least, they say. Let the Americans build what they please. Why should the foreign purposes of any foreign power affect the purposes of Britain? | ‘Why should Mr. Sf on be able to re- strict_the number of British cruisers to 502 Why should he be allowed to over- | ride all the highest British naval au- thorities who continuously, till now, ! h"'c umm"'lg." But—according to the ! most eminent person: sipping their | in the best British club corners— the American negotiators nowadays al- ways have their way. * K ok X See what they did to the British negotiators in the matter of cruiser re- placements! (And this is true, t00.) The treaty says that cruisers may be replaced when they are 16 years old, in case they were lald down before 1920. All the British 6-inch-gun crulsers were laid down before 1920. Therefore, all of them, merdxn‘ to the general rule of the treaty, could begin to be replaced by 1036. The total tonnage of British 6-inch-gun cruisers is 177,000. There- fore, the general rule would be that by 1036 the British could begin cruiser re- placements to that 177,000-ton extent. But what d@id the Americans there- upon do? ‘They inserted into the treaty, in article 20, a clause limiting British cruiser replacements — actually — to 91,000 tons! Meanwhile no such re- striction whatsoever was put upon the cruiser replacements of the United States. * ok % Could any further proof be wanted— by Britishers—of the overpowering and stupefying cotemporary superiority of American diplomats? Abroad our diplomats were Machiavel- lis. Here they are mutts. Many fi;eople here think that only one conclusion is possible. Each country at London outwitted both of the others: and, in the ? , each 80 outwitted itself that it can be sunk at will by the fleet of either of the other two. The treaty is like the cockney soldier who was walking along the parapet of his trench on November 11, 1918. “Hey, Bill” shouted one of his comrades, “the war's over.” “Who won?” inquired the cock- ney. (Copyright, 1930.) Effort to Gain Speed In Public Construction BY HARDEN COLFAX. Federal and State officials, contrac- tors, trade unions and workers are all making s combined and earnest effort to iron out the differences which might tend to hold up construction on public works programs. ‘This 1is strikin different from previous efforts, in that bitterness and animus are lacking. That fact ac- counts for the volume of public works construction which is being reported to Federal officials today. There is a disposition to give credit where credit is due and to 1ze and attempt to help solve the problems which are besetting the other fellow. * k% % " ‘This is strikingly shown by Thomas H. MacDonald, head of the Federal Bureau of Public Roads. He gives full credit to the contractors, declaring that in the 18,000 projects with which he personally has come in contact, through provision of Federal aid for construc- tion, all but a very few were satisfac- torily completed. “‘With an expenditure of more thana billion dollars,” he added, “we feel we know something about contractors and their methods. It is a pleasure to be able to say there prevails through our organization an appreciation of the work and service the contractors have given, and further that without the hearty co-operation, loyalty and spirit of public service of the construction industry we would not have been able to inake the progress we have.” * k%% ‘With that feeling uppermost the bu- reau has started in to find out what causes delay contractors in fulfilling obligations. The reraru show labor shortage is accountable for .5 per cent, materials, 1.2 per cent; inadequate equipment, 8.2 per cent; inadequate financing, 1.1 per cent; management, | p, 52.7 per cent; weather conditions, 26.4 per cent, and legal difficulties, 1 per cent. ‘The other delays are miscel- laneous. It will be seen that 75 per cent of the delay is attributed to man- agement and weather. Efforts are being made to improve management, but no means has yet been found to eliminate e weather as & factor. L One suggestion made by leaders in all branches of the industry is for pre- cation of contractors to insure t only those bid who are qualified financially and ly to carty out the work successfully. This relieves the public officials of the onus of turn- ing down & low bid from an irre- sponsible concern. Under the prequali- fication plan the contractor would face the issue of responsibility before he T ederal Ofclals deny that 140 eral offic! e at _prequalifi- cation limits eomuurgnm Onreg‘merll aid jobs in the last two years it is shown that five contraétors on the average bid on every if,f after prequalification. In no tance has the development of labor-saving machinery been more rapid than in public works construc- tion. Operations are being completed by one machine which formerly required hundreds of men to perform. Yet the question of managerial efficiency is so potent that Federal officials estimate that, on Federal aid roads, bids are based on not more than 50 per cent efficiency on key equipment. That does not mean the industry is only half efficlent be- cause some delays are inevitable. But studies of more than 100 concrete jobs, in which the concrete mixer is the key equipment, show that due to major de- lays of more than 15 minutes each the mixer was in operation only 40 per cent of the time while minor delays account- ed for idleness amounting to another 16 per cent. * K % % ‘This the Bureau of Public Roads will pick 20 to 30 college engineer grad- uates who will be placed with contract- ing firms to study key equipment effi- clency, with a view to reporting condi- tions and suggesting improvement, There i8 no disposition on either side to say the engineer is always perfect and the contractor always wrong or that the engineer is a theorist with no knowl- edge of working conditions and the contractor always right. Each side is lprlrenuy in earnest in the effort to help the other. ¢ The engineers have as far to go as theleontractors, it is agreed. These co-operative efforts are not con- Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Early erection of a memorial in the National Capital to Willlam Jennings Bryan, probably in the form of a tower wherein will be installed a carillon of bells, is forecast by Representative Rob- ert Luce of Massachusetts, chairman of the House committee on the library, which has jurisdictfon over legislation for statues and memorials. He has just reported favorably a joint resolution providing that the memorial shall be erected under the supervision of the director of public buildings and public parks of the National Capital and all funds necessary to carry out its erec- tion shall be sugpxled by the donors in time to permit the completion and erec- tion of the memorial not more than three years after the site is reported available for the purpose. * ok ok How the “Stars and Bars” of the Confederacy flles on Capitol Hill has just been put into the Congressional Record by Senator Cole Blease, Demo- crat, of South Carolina, in whose re- ception room in the Senate Office Build- ing this arch-defender of “the lost cause” has installed the Confederate emblem fronting the pictures of Rob- ert E. Lee and “Stonewall” Jackson. Senator Blease records that he has reason to respect that flag and its de- fenders, because his own father fought under it, wearing “the y,” as did 10 other relatives of his. * did not sur- render,” he pridefully boasts; “his sol- diers were perishing; they were over- powered, outnumbered, but they were not cowed.” He glories in the fact that he represents “a State that was the mother of secession.” In tribute to the men who fought under that flag, Senator Blease says: “When I cease to praise and defend the Southern soldiers and the flag of the Confederacy ‘this poor, lisping, stam- mering tongue will lie silent in the The flag was presented to Senator Blease by the daughter of the designer of the Confederate flag. Representative Dominick of South Carolina at the con- clusion of & brief speech quoted: m;“th& fl.g—eonqumd adore it, e ou; we e it, ln":.e the‘cold, dead hands that bore ‘Weep for' those who fell before it, "n those who trailed and tore Maj. Rose, one of Gen. mlbi'l “Guerillas,” at the conclusion of the plcturesque presentation service forward reverently kissed “Rebel Rag,” as it was once called. K o® % “Your crowd from New York and New England tucked your mficfl tails between your egs ‘whipped he dogs and ran,” presentative Lankford of Georgia declared in pictur- esque language in the House the other day during an expression of some of his views on the tariff legislation. cting his remarks particularly at Chairman Snell of the House rules com- mittee, Mr. Lankford told several amus- ing stories to give point to his criticisms. One incident happened in West Vir- ginia, where a new railroad had been built up in the mountains and the en- gineer would occasionally pick up the mountaineers and carry them down the mountain without charging them any fare. One day a mountaineer came to him and asked leave to ride on the en- gine. To tease him & bit the engineer sald, “Can you not pay me?” and the mountaineer replied, “I have no money.” The engineer said, “We cannot carry people free.” Again the mountaineer declared, “I have no money.” The en- r ed, “Have you any chickens or eggs to let me have for fare?” The mountaineer replied, “No.” Finally the engineer demanded, “Can’t you make a showing of any kind?” Whereupon the mountaineer pulled out a revolver a foot and a half long and stuck it into the engineer’s face, saying, “I can make this showin ‘Then the engineer ca- pmud: "The showing is good; climb . w Representative Lankford rocked the House with laughter by commenting: “When the manufacturers go to see Mr. Snell and those who think like him and exhibit & ketbook about nine inches long, full of campa! recelpts and funds, Mr. Snell is ready immedi- ately to declare and say: “The showing u:nomtlrz‘nemnbmr i AR other apropos anecdote by - sentative Lankford was as follows: s “Some time ago in my State I went out to the farm of a neighbor, and when we were going .lmT mnear a fishpond or lake we observed a large hawk attempt- ing to strike something in the lake, on the surface of the water. We wondered what it was, and finally when we got close enough we saw that this hawk was endeavoring to strike a duck; the duck would turn and dive into the water. When the duck went under the water the hawk would hit the water and fly away. When the duck came up the hawk came down again, the duck would dive again, and the hawk could never catch him. I turned to my neighbor and said: ‘T understand now as I never did before why a duck is called & duck; it is & duck because a duck ducks. K “That is & simple philosophy,” he sald. “A duck is a duck because a duck ducks; but when the it chairman of the committee on rules of the House ducks, I want to k‘no:r what he is.” * * One of the most valued advisers on the coming bicentennial celebration of the birth of George W n—of Nation-wide scope and climaxing in pllgrimages from all parts of the coun- try during the entire year to the Oity of Washington—is ntative R. ‘Walton Moore of Virginia, in whose dis- trict Mount Vernon is located, who is & member of the President’s Bicenten Commission, and who is consulted daily Representative Sol Bloom, associate director of the celebration. In a notable speech in the House on Washington's birthday, Representative Moore included a reprint of the famous “Fairfax Resolves” adopted at & meet- | tality ing of the people of Fairfax County at Alexandria on July 18, 1774, over w) ‘Washington presided. The elaborate resolutions, drawn by George Mason, are now in the Library of Con- ess. STSAY. Moore has fust called the atten- tion of Representative Bloom and oth- ers interested in preservation of Wash- ingtonians and the authentication of records that there was another Fairfax Oounty meeting at Alexandria on Sep- tember 12, 1774, over which George Ma- son presided, and_the original resolu- tions, written by him, are now owned by a dealer in manuscripts, and have been examined by Mr. Moore. “This second meeting at Alexandria fa- vored s well regulated militia and ar- ranged for the organization of the inde- ndent company of Fairfax Volunteers, g consist of not more than 100 men, with “a regular uniform of blue turned up with buff, with plain vellow buttons, buff waistcoat and breeches, and white stockings, and furnished with good flint- lock and bayonet, sling, cartouche box and tomahawk.” Each member of the company was “to keep in stock con- stantly six pounds of gunpowder, 30 unds of lead and 50 gunflints at the east.” Authorities, affer careful re- search, state that this company, of which Washington became the com- mander, was the first of the kind any- where, and that the uniform suggested afterward became the uniform provided for the Continental Army. And Ours As Well. From the Ann Arbor Daily News. In answer to the question of whether he would run for Senator or 'onmord Mr. Green has gone fishing. That wouls be our preference, t00. —e —— fined to public works construction. The rivate hpufldln( industry is taking simi- lar steps to eradicate jurisdictional dis- putes among laborers and labor unions and contractors. These are continually BY FREDERIC The art of map-making in the United States from the original cartography, based on surveys and topographic de- scriptions, to the final printing in many colors has reached such a stage of ex- cellence that the American product now is conceded to excel all others. This progress is evidenced by the facts that American maps find an increasing sale all over the world and that foreign map publishers have decreased their produc- tion, allowing longer perlods to eh‘pse between revisions. They become fol- lowers rather than leaders. American-made maps now are ac- cepted as standard not only when they depict American territories, but when they show foreign and distant lands. The sclence of geography has been greatly advanced in the United States in the last two decades, learned socie- ties, the United States Government, business men, and map publishers co- operating to this end. ‘The layman accepts 2 map as & mat- ter of course. He knows the outlines of the several continents in a general way and the approximate location in the world of the various countries and chief cities, It is only when actual travel, ‘war, or some aspect of business arises that maps are closely scrutinized. Then it often is found that all maps do not agree in particulars. Americans know more about geography today than they did before the war, especially about Europe. This is due to the fact that dur- ing ‘war and the turbulent postwar period people studied maps to locate the scenes of the exciting events of the pe- riod. It has been said that the greatest lesson of the World War was the geography lesson. Recent adventurous explorations, es- pecially those by air, have fastened attention on the earth's surface and millions of people have learned much about geography they never knew fore. But it is in modern business that the most intensive study now is going on, and this business demand is largely responsible for the remarkable im- gmvement in American maps. With 'he United States striving as never before to extend world trade, and with the older trading nations of Europe offering stiff A::remion, it is im- perative for icans to know the world rrlyhlul![. ‘The bleak port of Viadivostok, closed by ice in the Winter, is south of the sunny Prench Riviera l—' but the American exporter who al tempted to sell white flannels and straw hats to Viadivostok Russians and furs and snowshoes to the le of the Riviera would likely go bankrupt. It also is a good thing for the Ameri- can r to know that the west coast of South America is mostly east of the east coast of the United States and that the thermometer climbs to 90 and 100 d in certain seasons in Alaska, while some towns near the Equator have zero temperatures. Local Place Names Now Used. American maps tell this story in de- talls never before so fully revealed. The careful reader of a modern map needs little other data to enable him to envision the trade needs of the various places of the earth. With competition so keen among the manufacturing and trade nations of the world, the pleasing of the prospective customer in every possible way becomes a matter of some consequence. Here, , American mapmakers have done important service, relying in large part upon the United States Government for basic data. T names are not spelled alike in all languages. Trans- literation into English works many in the past the English versions have been used. It is only recently that American exporters have discovered that the customer in Co- British Political Reaction to the New Naval Treaty BY A. G. GARDINER, Bngiand's Greatest Liberal Editor. LONDON, May 17.—Premier Mac- donald's first formal statement to Par- liament, Thursday, on the results of the naval conference, was modest and re- strained. His basic test of the measure of success achieved was not whether one country had scored at the expense of another in view of war, but how far the treaty made war less likely. ‘Without claiming more than that very good preparatory work had been done, he carried the House with him in stress- ing two achievements: first, the treaty with America, without which no treaty would have been possible; and, second, the actual agreement, covering all classes of ships, between America, Great Britain and Japan. On this foundation, two things were secured—an enormous saving in contemplated ex- penditure and a breathing spell for six years in which to consolidate gains and prepare for the next step. * kox % ‘The prospects of that next step being taken depends upon the possibility, in the interval, of & naval understanding between France and Italy, converting the three-power into a five-power agreement, and the embodiment of a comprehensive disarmament treaty, covering both land and sea. On subject, the Macdonald speech was marked by reserve, and munu attaches to that passage in his ch in which he contrasted the readiness of nations to sign peace acts with their unreadiness to trans- late those pacts into practical disarma- ment. His statement that the nations were falling back into the old men- security was much commented upon. Obviously, he meant that the old conception of peace as gucrendent on the balance of power is 1 dominating the conception of peace as sustained by civilized pacific agree- ment. LR ‘There is & disposition to regard his grave warning of the perils of this backsliding as addressed to France, whose military alllances are, as the Manchester Guardian observes, a prac- tical rerudhtkm of the letter as well as the spirit of the League of Nations covenant and then peace pacts and whose attitude at London was the main cause of the only partial success of the conference. But that the lions in the path are not exclusively continental was demon- strated in the debate which followed, especially by the reckless speech of ‘Winston Churchill, whose share in help- ing wreck Lord Cecil's effort to secure a disarmament treaty at the Coolidge conference in Geneva in 1927 is no- torious. He attacked the present treaty in unmeasured terms and pictured the terrible co uences which would ensue “from formal acceptance by Great Britain of definitely inferior sea power.” It is pointed out that on the pre- vious day Senator Robinson of Indiana had attacked the treaty in the Senate with equal vehemences on the ground that it was Great Britain who had scored off Ame:!c:. A0 ‘The futility of these statistical Ju{ ized ing is Americ: and Great Britain rule out war be- tween each other. Without that as- sumption, no treaty would have been possible. With that assumption parity discusaions ic. are academic. But Mr. Churchill very effectively destro; himself by the terrific faux pas of rea a cabinet communica- tion to Lord four during the Wash- n conference. His reason for this oul upon the sanctities of public life J. HASKIN. logne, Germany, is far better pleased if the letters he receives from Americ: business houses, soliciting orders, are addressed to Koln, in accordance with German spelling, rather than English. ally since the war there has been an intensification of nationalistic consciousness. As never before, people have become insistent upon the proper spelling and pronunciation of the names of their cities and provinces. An outstanding example has been fur nished by Ireland. which has sub- stituted, for example, the old Gaelic name of Cobh for the English name of Queenstown as the designation of that important port. Indeed, the Irish Free State is requiring the Gaellc tongue to be taught in its schools. Spain Is going through a heated eon- troversy over the use of Castillan and Catalan Spanish. Albania has made the Albanian tongue compulsory in most transactions. American business men are willing to meet these preferences. Americans, themselves, would not be greatly pleased if their letters were addressed to New Spain instead of the U. 8. A, or Nuevo York instead of New York. Geographic Division Alds Business. Their difficulty has been that they simply did not knoy the actual names of important European cities. The fact that Rome is known as the Eternal City seemed to be accepted as reason for believing that the name should be eternally spelled the same. It has taken some time for American exporters to learn that Itallan customers are better pleased if their city is given its proper spelling, Roma. And Florence on the Arno, the city of art galleries and cradle of the Renaissance, is properly Firenze. Leghorn is Livorno and Venice Venezia. 80 it is all over Europe, from north to south. Vienna is Wien and Helsingfors Helsinski; Munich, Munchen. ‘Turkey very recently has shifted from the ancient Arabic alphabet to the Roman, and this has brought about many changes in transliteration. Here an actual substitution of characters in- creases the divergence, and the impor- tance of getting names correct increases in_proportion. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce maintains a special geo- fi""’" division, in chlrr of Dr. Helen . 8 , geographer, ::1: the e: representatives abroad constantly are sending corrections of names of towns, cities and vinces, furnisl cl s are Te and the shifting of & city from one political jurisdiction to another. Changes in river courses are noted, opening of new canals, dredging of fresh channels, es- tablishment of new ports, closing of old phy, especially as it af- n’:l not static. Constant geog:phef advises the commercial map publishers in this wunn& of every change, however slight, with the result that every revision of atlases or single maps brings detailed striking example of syl which American maps now have at- tained is furnished of a standard map lished b{ an American company and one published by an English com] o While equally accurate as to contours, boundaries and such fundamentals, the American shows, the English map. Conversely, & map recently published by a famous foreign m of mapmakers, pu y of Chicago, tropolis in the State ofwheomin. Fifty Years Ago In The Star In dence” eolumn of The Btar, covering the news of nearby tlements and com- e of May 13, 500, s irginia. 2ue ay 13, 1880, in Virginia. the following account, sent from Ballston, of a mnn,a - tation of weather in adjacent Virginia: ““Yesterday afternoon, about 4 o’clock, the severest hailstorm known to our oldest inhabitant visited this particular neighborhood and inflicted considerable damage upon growing crops, etc. ‘The central line of the storm was northeast and the width of its damage-doing strength did not exceed 2 miles. Falls Church escaped wholly, while at Ross- lyn, on the Potomac opposite George- town, the hail was small and injured nothing. Here at Ballston the hail was as large as hens’ eggs and cut and ed everything capable of bein, broken, as it was driven by a gale of wind as flerce as a hurricane. It is impossible now to estimate the damage done to our grapes, strawberries, small fruit gnerllly, wheat, rye, etc., but it must very great, for oak and other hardwood twigs were cut from the trees as clear as by a bullet. Mr, Horn, a clerk in one of the departments, had his b smashed into smithereens by his frightened horse, which, unfortu- nately for him, happened to be in the storm.- The severest sufferer is our lit- tle Presbyterlan Church. Its northern windows, - containing several hundred panes of stained glass, were all broken, entailing an expense of many dollars upon its membership. The ladies of this congregation merit much sympa- thy, for they have been ltrufgllng hard for years to relleve themselves of the incubus of a church debt, which by this deplorable accident was greatly enhanced.” * - x After many maneuvers and much backing and filling in preliminaries, is assumed to be a desire to put Lloyd introduction of new fi‘.‘.‘&fi.‘?‘fifm"’..?‘fm it is apparently assured that they will not tie up con- struction requiring expenditure of from $25,000,000 to $90,000,000 as they have occasionally in the past. (Copysight. 1930 George, then prime minister and now | supporting the government policy, into ! a difficult position. But, whatever his calculation, his bolt recoiled on him- self with trous effect. The whole House, regéydless of party, resented this offense against official decorum which Rival Oarsmen ooy "the. casamen ney, the oarsmen, Ready to Race. were finally in time 50 ‘Washington at this race on }V_l‘-" ago, ready for a match le Potomac, and blic inter- est was at high pitch. Star of May 15, 1880, says: “‘About the boat race on the Potomac next Wednesday between Hanlan and Courtney, one fact is assured: There will be no cut boats. Hanlan's friends are 'gurdln[ his boats night and day. In the Potomac boat house two men, unarmed in the day and with rifles at night, keep guard over Courtney’s boats. If all depends on the boats, everything will be all right. The Analostan men are betting on Hanlan, while the Po- tomacs are Dumnf! their money on Courtney. Hanlan is in favor in quar- ters where professional bettors are, while Courtney has the non-profession- als on his side. No pools have yet been sold here on the race. It is the opinion of those well informed in boating mat- ters that Courtney will win the race. There is always connected with this expression of opinion the modification, “if he rows to win.’ Courtney, the better man of the two, as claimed for him, does not seem to have the nerve of the Canadian. He is afrald of Hanlan. ‘There is no doubt of that fact. If he overcomes this fear and pulls fairly, he ought to be reasonably sure of success. In regard to the positiveness of the race coming off, the impression is wide- pread that there must a race. Courtney in this occuples a2 somewhat unenviable position, To fix himself right he has got to win. A failure on his part means 10,000 times more than it would to any other oars- man.” struck at the foundations of cabinet traditions. Stanley Baldwin, Mr. Churchill's present er, sat in pained perplexity unwilling to repudiate his follower and unable to defend his action. For the rest of the debate, Mr. Churchill's mis- demeanor was the recurring theme of denunciation, and the press agrees tha his bomb has blown the attack on the treaty into fragments. (Copyright, 1930.)