Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1930, Page 3

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Patent application blank. printed legal form, including Petition, Oath pecifi- I Ception. by mel 10 cents, " American Inventors Direciory, Benning. Washington. D. C. ALFRED E. GLA! ,_director. Wanted—Load =from New York. Philadeiphis, Richmona. s.j, hicaso. UL:' Pitaburen, Pa.. and At lagie Oit F0° Stisbursn 8. Cumberland, Ma. and Harrisburs. Pa. Smith’s Transfer & Storage Co., 1313 You St North 3343 RUGS CLEANED our process of shampooing look e ionger. and at the lowest cost. o, 1728 Th st a.w. North Jidd. |and good fortune flew nearly 3,000 miles, | dent. | out seeing them were not only easily ALUE OF PLANE :Worth of Aircraft in Polar Exploration Fully Proved in Antarctic. BY REAR ADM[KAL RICHARD E. | By Radio to The sur -nd the New York ON BOARD m s S. RANGITIKL. | —The past season's fying in the Ant- | arctic has been a vivid proof of the value of the airplane in exploration. From a few doubtful and only partly | successful attempts before 1026, the air- plane has shown that when used prop- | valuable means of polar travel. There | were six airplanes used in the Antarctic | last year by four expeditions. Two | were lost. Through their use many | thousand miles of new territory was ex- Two planes lost out of six is a fairly | large percentage, but with the knowl- edge obtained in this season's experi- | ence the percentags of losses can be | much reduced. A seventh plane was | used by Sir Douglas Mawson, but his flights were held down to 20 or 30 min- | utes. In spite of his short flights, how- ever, valuable information was obtained that would have taken a long time to get by any other method. not aviation reach the height of its romance when it carries a polar ex- ploration over hitherto unknown and in- accessible areas recording at a_hundred | miles an hour with the aerial camera | every mile of the way? The foot trav- | eler working with dog teams over ac- cessible areas does not average more than 25 miles a day. Dog teams for | long distance polar exploration are doomed, but will always be a valuable adjunct to the airplane. Success Was Very Rapid. The success of the airplane in polar reglons has been as rapid 8s almost uni- formly successful. From the day when Amundsen, pioneering with bold vision, attempted to take off from the northern shore of Alaska on flight to Spitz- bergen the airplane has improved amazingly. In 1925, a year or so after Amund- sen’s first attempt, he and Lincoln Ellsworth flew in two flying boats to within a relatively short distance of the Pole, but were forced down on the ice and by a miracle returned home after three weeks of herculean effort. The airplane was still not quite ready for it. Engine trouble forced down one plane and the other landed to give as- sistance. It was in_that year also that Floyd Bennett and I flew in amphibians over Greenland and Ellsmere Land and with possibly a little better equipment counting all trial flights, without acci- No Tragedies. ‘The results that year showed that the airplane was almost due to achieve great things. That no tragedies resulted from these first attempts is in itself a re- markable proof of the coming impor- tance of airplane exploration. There is no longer doubt that the airplane can be depended upon for long-distance flights in the polar re- glons. The perfection of the air-cooled motor is largely responsible for the re- sult, and the motor which carried us over the North Pole was used the next year on the transatlantic fights of Lind- bergh, Chamberlin and myself and the Army’s Hawali flight. Then came the splendid flight of Wilkins across the North Polar Sea from Alaska to Spitz- bergen—not only a triumph of avia- tion, but & splendid feat of navigation. Events were moving so rapidly in aviation by this time that long-distance fiights became more and more an every- day affair. Men spanned the North At- lantic and South Atlantic many times, flew along the coast of South America and over its jungles and crossed a large part of the Pacific on the flight of the Southern Cross, which still ranks as one of the two or three greatest feats of aviation. Airplanes explored the des- ;‘r"‘:l and circumnavigated and bisected ca. Flights in the Anaretic. All this had been done when we started our trip to Antarctica, to fly over the South Pole and explore the unknown region east of Amundsen’s old trail. And yet there were many who felt the use of the airplane on the Antarctic Continent was impossible. ‘They pointed to the dangerous weather, the intense cold and the altitude at which we must fly. Even then it seemed that the airplane had not proved its possibilities to the public. And yet see what happened. While we were still voyaging south and unloading, Wilkins made the first of the year's fiight over Graham Land. His flight was amazingly productive. Our first flights to the east that year from our base, only 700 miles from the South Pole, were short, though they were also productive. Regions which had only been approached by ships, contours which were almost unknown and moun- tains near which men had sledged with- discovered in a few hours’ flight, but also photographed by Capt. McKinley with the aerial survey camera. These first flights did something to prove, it seems to me, that the airplane rould be used in the Antarctic and that it was the best method of quickly opening up new territory. Our polar fllzht and our flights to the east and west have been told—sufficient here to say that the airplanes did all we_expected of them and the engines and materials stood the weather in the coldest continent on earth without de- terioration. Italia and Losses Are Cited. ‘The only aviation tnmm:s in polar exploration were connection with the loss of the flirl;lble Italia and the resulting loss of Amundsen and his companions on the rescue flight. So_far in straight exploration, for which careful preparation has been made, results have been uniformly good. MOTH PROOF PRAISED BY BYRD “The danger of icing up a large dirigible | SAVE MONEY ON _MOVING SMITHS I FIRE PROOF STORAGE LONG DISTANCE MOVING AGENT ALLIED VAN LINE RUG CLEANING FUMIGATION SILVER VAULT CRATING & SHIPPING I1313YOU ST. NW NORTH 3343 THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, BYRD ARRIVES IN PANAM erly within limitation it can be a most | | plored. 'E Rear Admiral Byrd's arrival in Panama from New Zealand, May 14, was made a gala occasion and a huge welcome was given him. Photo shows the | only man who has been over the two Poles by air in front of the Dl’uldenlhl‘ mansion \with the President of Panama and the American Minister. Left to | right: President F. H. Arosemena, Rear Admiral Byrd and Minister Ray T. Davis. —Associated Press Photo. That is a very significant thing. It means that the old days of weary and painful exploration are over and in future man will penetrate the few remaining unknown places on earth with great speed and, what is more, bring back a pictorial survey to show what he has seen. Not that de- tailed work will not have to be done on the surface as of old, but even in this the airplane can give assistance. It is in the first stage of exploration, that of geographical discovery, "that the plane is most valuable, but it is perfectly possible to set down survey parties or geological parties by plane to let them do their work and bring them in. ‘With planes that have been recently developed it would be possible to land at the distant mountains, carrying dog ams to expedite detafled geological work and enough supplies to last a month in addition to emergency food. The explorers could live in the plane while carrying on detailed work. Plans While in Antaretic. During the Winter at Little America we used often to speculate on what could be done in the Antarctic with a sufficlent number of planes. Given a squadron of airplanes, radio equipment and skilled pilots and sur- veyors, the entire continent could be mapped in five or six years. Such an undertaking would be expensive, but I believe it could be done. Speculation often may seem an idle and useless task, but in this instance it has an excuse. When talking over the possible ways of attacking the Antarctic by air to do a thorough job, we thought of everything from a large rigid dirigible to an ice-breaking ship on whose broad deck half a dozen multi-motored air- planes could be transported to the Ant- arctic early in the season. The dirigible could not be landed there .without preparation the season before, and al- though it could span the entire con- tinent and possibly encircle a good part, it has limitations for work because 1'. must stay in the air. It might be sible to make two or three trips in the season, but the lands from which it would have to take off are far distant, the intervening space is a region of se- vere storm, and the lack of knowledge of what the weather would be over the Antarctic woud make the flight partly a gamble. It might have to be attempted several times before being successful. on such a long flight would be a factor, and I am inclined to believe that for | the present the airplane offers a less expensive, perhaps less hazacdous, means of flight near the Pole. Let us assume that we have a large ice-breaking ship, capable of forcing its way safely through the wide belt of | the plck which bars the way to the | Ross Sea. That would be, I think, the | ical place of entrance, for I still con- 51 ler the Bay of Whales and Discovery, Inlet the best places for an aviation base yet discovered on the continent. 1t is relatively calmer than in other known portions of the country. The Barrier is a good flying fleld. Best Flying Is in Spring. ‘The ship would go South late in Oc- tober or early November, for we found that in the Antarctic, as in the Arctic, the best flying weather is early in the Spring, and those are the first Spring months. If a ship could be built, and T be- lieve it could, that would force its way through the heavy pack before it begins to break up, the Bay of Whales could be reached in time to take full advan- tage of good weather. The airplanes would be assembled by the mechanics after Ross Sea was entered, for there would be calm as soon as the wind and gales subsided. Half a dozen multi-motored planes would be made ready to swing over the side as soon as the bay was reached and they could easily be landed by strong booms or cranes on the bay ice, as the ice is still thick and in good condition at that time of year. And a good part of the bay is quite smooth enough for taking off, even with a heavy load. Flights With Two Planes. ‘These planes could be flown in grou) of two. I belleve that most of the flying in the Antarctic, certainly the long-distance flights, should be done by two ships together, so if one is forced down the other can give assist- ance and, if possible, carry home the FUR STORAGE | crew of the disabled plane. They could start across the continent in any direc- tion and at intervals lay down bases of fuel ofl and food several hundred miles apart. This base-laying business is not without hazard and must be carefully planned. The pllot should be experi- enced in judging unknown snow land- ing flelds, for it is extremely difficult to judge the character of the snow sur- face from an altitude. Such planes could and should be powerful enough and with sufficient lift to land and get off the snow at the altitude of the polar plateau, which. is merely a question of engine power and design. By laying bases in this way in the first good weather a sufficient number could be put down in a few weeks so that a line of depots would stretch clear across the continent, say to Wed- dell Sea. Then while the other four plancs were laying bases in another direction the exploration and survey- ing planes could make a flight to the maximum distance desired and return with greater safety than by any other method except dog team. Geologists' Work. . Also, it is possible, I am sure, closely to examine interesting geological forma- tions with such a fieet of planes. A geologist on such flights is essential as well as a surveyor, and if the geology of the region seemed to require careful study a landing could be made and the work done with no loss of time. Or a geologist and an assistant, with sup- plies, could be landed on a separate flight and left to finish the work and | Siip be picked up later, Such an expedition would, of course, cost a great deal of money and it is doubtful whether it could be carried out except with the co-operation of governments and_the construction of a special ship. But it is practical, I think, and to an aviator interested in exploration one of those large-scale solutions to a problem which cannot help but be discussed. With proper planes, radio and good meteorological work, it could be done. It would be sclentific and complete, at least as the first, stage in geographical exploration, and undoubtedly much geological work could be accomplished which in any other way would take years of dangerous | di effort. The aerial survey camera as used in exploration adds much romance to fiy- ing. Our experience has shown it is probably the most uable part of the BT GULLION TO SPEAK. | [zone commpion THIRD IN CONTEST | Order of Addresses in Finals Saturday Is Fixed by Lot. The speaking order in the National Oratorical Contest finals here Saturday | was announced yesterday at contest | headquarters. The position on the pro- |gram_of each of the youthful orators was decided by lot, Adolph Ochs, pub- |lisher of the New York Times, making the drawings. Edmund Gullion, The Star's cham- | pion, was given third place. The con- testants in their order of speaking fol- low: Vernon L. Withuhn, Seattle, Pa- cific Coast zone; Edmond Benard, Springfield, Mass, New England zone; Edmund Gullion, William C. Turner, Louisville, Ky., Southeastern-Central | | zone; Seymour Peyser, Manhattan, New | York zone; the representative of the Mid-Western zone, and Miss Lourene | Mokstad of Chlcngo, 111, zone. McKinley Orchestra to Play. Music for the contest will be fur- | nished by the Tech Symphony Orches- tra of McKinley Manual Training High School, which will render selections be- fore the speaking begins, at the com- pletion of the prepared speeches, and while the judges are making their de- | cisions. All the finalists are expected to ar- rive in Washington Friday in time for a luncheon at Western High School in their honor, given by Dr. Elmer S. New- ton, the principal; the faculty and student body. Gullion, who will repre- | sent Washington in the contest, is a senior at Western. Later in the afternoon, at 5 o'clock, Randolph Leigh, director general of the contest, and Mrs. Leigh, will hold a re- ception in honor of the contestants at their home on Fairfax road in Arling- ton County. Star to Entertain Speakers, Saturday, the orators will rest and prepare for the finals that evening. ‘The seven speakers will be enter- tained by The Star Sunday when they will be escorted on a tour of Washing- ton and nearby Virginia by Col. C. Fred Cook, librarian of The Star. The party will travel by bus, the tour beginning at 10 o'clock in the morn- ing and continuing well into the after- noon, with dinner 2t a hotel in Alex- andria. ‘The last of the finalists—the repre- sentative of the Midwestern zone, was scheduled to be chosen in Kansas City last night. On Friday night, three finalists were chosen in zone eliminations in New York City, Chicago and Pittsburgh. Friday night's winners were Seymour M. Peyser of the Horace Mann High School for Boys, Manhattan, champion of the New York zone: Miss Lourene Mokstad of Morgan Park High School, MAY 18, 1930—PART ONE. Zone Champion.s Upper: SEYMOUR M. PEYSER. Lower: WILLIAM C. TURNER. all zone champions. He spoke in com- petition with seven other contestants. The New York champion plans to enter Harvard and study law on his ation from high school, where he has a record for unusual scholastic ce. Miss Mokstad, winner of the Chi contest, spoke on “The Constitution, the Servant of the People.” She also was recipient of a cash prize—$500—pro- vided by the Chicago Daily News, sponsor of the contest in that region. Ewald Rodeck of Porviso Township High School, Maywood, Ill., won the second prize of $250, and Robert H. Farber of Genesco Township High School, Genesco, Ill, the third prize of $100. Turner won the Pittsburgh contest in competition with six other speakers from Alabama, Georgia, Florida, North. ern New York and Pennsylvania. Car: lyn Russell of Winder, Ga., was second and Robert C. King of Birmingham, Ala, third. Turner's subject was “The Citizen; His Duties and Privileges | Under the Constitution.” He is a junior at the Louisville Male High School and represents the Louis- ville Courier-Journal. Following his graduation he will study law at the University of Louisville, U. S. Engineers in Leningrad. LENINGRAD, Russia, May 17 (®).— Fifty American engineers from the Ford factory at Detroit, arrived here today. They are golng to the Soviet tractor plant at Stalingrad. This will make A—3 GIVEN EIGHT YEARS FOR THREE HOLD-UPS icago | Francis E. 0'Rourke Sentenced on Guilty Plea; Companion Placed on Probation. Francis E. O'Rourke, who pleaded gullty to three charges of highway robe bery, was sentenced yesterday by Justice Peyton Gordon in Criminal Division 1 to serve eight years in the penitentiary. Harold H. Baer, who accompanied him on two of the ventures, was given a sus- pended sentence of three years in the penitentiary, and was placed on proba- tion. O'Rourke’s sentences were lowed to run concurrently. April 7 the two men held up a colored man near the ball park and took $4 from him. They required him to get into their car and drove him to Eleventh and W streets, where they stood him up against a fence and shot at him, the victim told the police. Later the same evening the manager of a filling station at South Dakota avenue Ind Bladensburg road was held up with a gun and relieved of $30. Still later O'Rourke, -held up a man in front of 902 Twelfth atre-t northeast, took a few a total of 200 American engineers show- | dollars that he had and stole his car, |ing the Bolshevists American methods of making tractors. which was found abandoned the next morning. Plant Now! Chicago, who will represent her city in the national finals, and William C. Turner, 15 years old, of the Louisville Male High School, Louisville, Ky., who was selected as the best speaker of the Southeastern-Central zone at finals in Pittsburgh. Miss Mokstad is the first girl to be explorer’s equipment. He is enabled by its use to bring home the results of his work for study at leisure. He photo- phs by overlapping negatives every mile of the route, making vivid through its pictorial maps the country over which he has flown, and obtains a record which can be made no other way. ‘These strip maps criss-crossing the Antarctic continent would reveal a great deal and would be most interesting to the geographer and geologist in estab- lishing the relationship between various parts of the country. The Antarctic is one of only & few places, such as the jungles and mid- Asian lands, still to be carefully ex- amined, and I believe the Antarctic will only be completely conquered by air. ‘The future of the airplane is some- thing no wise man will attempt to pre- ct, and its achievements in explora- tion have merely kept pace with the development in other fields. (Copyright, 1930, by the New York Tim Co."and the ‘Louis Post-Dispateh. | All fints"Jor "publication” reserved throthont the world.) % 3k ke ok ke %k ok ok ko ke kb ke kok ok *************** o .. .3 INSPECT See Many New These Very Attractive Homes 17th & G Sts. S.E. “Let The STAR —in planning your motor trip and place to enjoy a de- licious Sunday Dinner today. The announcements appearing under “Where to Motor and Dine” are referred to by hundreds of Washingtonians every week. You are assured of a real meal at any of the places listed. Turn to Part 4, Page 6. Guide You” * Kk %k 2. 3.0.8.8. 0.8 866.8.8.8.8.8.8.8.1 o e 2 SUNDAY Ideas Shown in Just North 17th & Pa. Ave. Street Cars Large Built-in Garage Green Colored Porcelain Plumbing Closed Sleeping Porch Four Outside Bed Rooms Green Porcelain Gas * General Electric Refrigerator Three Large Porches Armstrong’s Linoleum Hardwood Floors, Entire House Open & Lighted—Why Not Come Out Range selected to speak in the national con- test here May 24. Within one step of the national finals, J. W. Sprinkle of Fort Worth, Tex., who would have spoken last night in the finals of the Midwestern zone at Kan- sas City, was disqualified by Ran- dolph Lelgh director general of the con- test, who said he detected plagairisms in Sprinkle's prepared address. Quotations Are Reported. Mr. Leigh said Sprinkle used, without credit, quotations from speeches deliv- ered in the national finals tyo years ago. The principal address plagairized, he said, was that of Elliot Norquist of Kan- sas City. ‘With a mar in ol’ just three hours to pack and catel for Kansas City in time for the conust. J. Kelly of Quanah, Tex., Sprinkle's alternate, was notified that he must take his prln- cipal's place, By a coincidence, a girl, Katherine Marshall, the alternate for a disquali- fled candidate last year, was from Quanah. She won a place in the n: tional finals and a trip to South Amer: ica by virtue of the alification. By his victory Friday night Peyser won a cash prize of $1,000, donated by the New York Times, as well as lhe trip to Europe this Summer that awalits ROSES ANNUAL SALE of 3-YEAR- OLD MONTHLY BLOOMING ROSE BUSHES that will bloom this Spring at 50c Each Also a large line of Perennials, Rock Plants, Evergreens, Shrubs and trees. Our Iris Garden will be at its best about the middle of next week On Sale at A. GUDE SONS CO. Frederick Pike Between Rockville and Gaithersburg, Maryland ° Good Hope Road, Anacostia GUDE’S GARDEN SHOP 747 14th St. N.W. Watch Sale for “Young Americans’’ When youn, dpoopl- saw this watch Saturday, they fell-—= and fell hard! 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