Evening Star Newspaper, July 25, 1926, Page 28

< = IADUCTS AWAIT " CONGRESS ACTION “ommissioners to Press for #» Elimination of Four Grade 7 Crossings. tal ¢.°One of the important District needs fwaiting attention at the next session P Congress is the legislation to elimi- niate railroad grade crossings that still rémain on the outskirts of Washing: ton. E ‘- Fhé four locations where highways #rols steam tracks and which would e ‘éliminated by the construction of #vidducts are at Michigan avenue, “Bates road and Chestnut street, on the Metropolitan branch of the Baltimore @nd- Ohio Railroad, and at Quarles dtreet, near Kenilworth, where tracks of the Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad also pass. Bills Failed in House. The Senate passed the necessary legislation to abolish all of these cross- 4ngs at the session just ended, but there was not time.to obtain action Jdp the Heu: The bills retain their status, however, and will ome before the House District committee in De- cember. H When the Union Station was bullt the grade crossings within the thickly settled portion of the ecity were wiped out, leaving a few scattered points in the outlying area where highways crossed the tracks. ‘With the rapid increass in the num- ber of automobiles and the gradual development of communities near the District boundaries, the necessity for eliminating these remalring railroad crossings increa The movement took definite shape about two years ago following a fatal collision at ore of the crossings, as a result of which the Commissioners made a survey of the situgtion. 7 At the conclusion of that study they decided there were five important intersections at which the highway should either be depressed under the railroad or carrfed over the tracks by viaducts. They decided at that time to ask Congress to provide funds for the elimination of one of these 6rossings each year until the program was com- pleted. First Step In 1925, On March 2, 1925, Congress began the program by authorizihg a subway at Van Buren street to take the place of the dangerous crossing known as Lamond, and a short- time Ilater $84,000 was appropriated for the proj- ect. The contract has been awarded and the work should be compléted in December. Early in the last session the Com- missioners offered a second bill to sub- stitute a viaduct for the grade cross- ing on Michigan avenue, anhd this bill passed the Senate. It will be a part of the unfinished busitiess’ df the House Distriet ‘committee mext Winter. Toward the close of the las sion the Commissionefs had tin:s: duced in Congress another more com prehensive measure, which would give them specific authority to take ‘care of the remaining .three crossings in the program of five and general au- thority to build subways or viaducts at any other points where it may be- come necessary in later years. This bill -also Passed the Senate n.f is ready to be cohsidered by the House committee at the next session. Positions of Viaduets. n the case of Michigan avenue the viaduct would be constructed in the line of that avenue, but in closing the three other crossings the viaducts would be placed at -other nearby streets, as follows: - In place of the Chestnut street crossing, a viaduct would be bullt at Fern street, estimated cost $160,895. In place of Bates road, a viaduct at Varnum street, estimated cost $90.,000. Tn place of Quarles street, a viaduct at_ Eastern avenue, estimated cost $154,313. The total thus authorized in this meneral bill is $405,000, exelusive of the cost of the Michigan avenue via- r‘i;l.l]("(‘ to be provided for in a separate In each case the railroad would be required to pay half the cost of the viaduct, and it is Turther provided that if any street rallway line is ex- tended across a viaduet it shall pay one-fourth of the cost of the bridge. These bills which have passed the Senate to eliminate the Michigan ave- nue, Bates road, Chestnut anid Quarles street crossings would give the Coin- missioners the legislative auithority, but the funds would have to be pro- vided for specifically in an appropri- ation bill before the work could be started. Need of Prompt Action. In recommending passage of this grade-crossing legislation the Senate District committee had this to say as to the necessity for prompt action: ““There is a strong publi¢ demand for the elimination of these remaining grade crossings in the District of Co- Jumbia because of their constant peril to human life. The danger will in- crease as population in the sections.| whera the crossings exist continues to grow; and, furthermobre, the cost of condemnation of necessary land will increase very considerably if construc- tion of th laducts and approaches is deferred until improvements are erected on_needed property which is now vacant.” A Garage Peril. Tests made by the: United Btdtes Public Health Service to detérniine the danger involted from running a gaso- line engline 1n & closed spgce shoW that a small P3-horsepower erigifie dis- charges 13 cubic feet of carbon ron- oxide in a minute, or ehough to con- taminate the air of a closed garage; 10 by 20 feet, to the danger point in about three minutes. Carbon ‘monoxide gas has no color or taste, and can be pres- ent in deadly amount without being perceptible. ) Europe’s Flag Troubles. There seems to be an epidemic of flag troubles in Europe. Strange to say, the “red flag” does ‘ot Rgiire prominently. P The Irish Free State is trying to ex- plain why the Spanish flag ohly was flown while the Davis Cup matches be- tween Ireland and Spain - were in progress. = Britishers in South "Africa re up inarms over the projéct.of axg planting the Utilon Jack with & - tinctive South African banner. And & German ¢hancellor fell because -he did not approve the substitution of the old monarchist flag of the empire for the authorized flag of the republic. Alaska Teachers.Rank High. Of the 49 high school tegchers em: ployed In the public schidéls bf Alaska, 46 are graduateés of universities of eol- leges, and in the grade schools, where §3 are employed in. the ineorpoiated towns, 69 are graduates of colleges, universities or normal schools. . In the schools outside of the incorporated 5 of the 77 mn“l&g‘ n-e erConligs - cher Fow Biatte a ql::uld be able to match. EUROPEAN PEACE AND DEMOCRACY HANG ON ENDING FRENCH CRISIS Sir Philip Gibbs Says All Neighbor Nations Are in| ' Nervous Tension, With Versailles and Other Treaties Futile Against Menacing Tarmoil. BY SIR PHILIP GIBBS. By Cablo to The Star. LONDON, July 24.—~Not only France but the other couniries of Europe are filled with nervous appre- hensions owing to the French politi- cel crisis and the downward rush of French money values. The effect of this national calamity cannot be isolated nor confined within the frontiers of France. All the sur- rounding countries are already feel- ing its repercussion. European com- merce, which for the past eight years has been going through many pitfalls and has been slowly staggering up to something like stability, has receiv- ed a severe chéck. France has lost purchasing power at every lower level of its forelgn exchange. Belgium, Italy and England are losing orders for raw material and manufactured g00ds and French custom is drying up. It is impossible to make forward contfacts with a customer whose money may be half its present value three months hence. On the other hand, France is able to undersell'in British and other mar- kets, though this’ trading produces a sense of false prosperity and active business exactly similar to Germany’s illusion in the time of her madness of ihflation. Alone in Europe, Ger- many smiles, as it were, behind her hand at this imitation of her ghastly adventure when the mark went on its way to perdition. All Democracles Menaced. But this commerclal reaction due to the French crisis is perhaps less important than its political a.nrects. With France threatened by revelution and social upheaval, or at best some form of dictatorship 1ll suited to French mentality and tradition, there is no sense of security in Europe. There ‘18 indeed a weakening of con- fidence In futyre peace and order and a géneral uneasiness about all demo- cratic progress and safety. Democracy itself and all systems of self-govern- ment by parliamentary representa- tion are menaced. France, even fmore than England, is one of the iast strongholds of democratic liberty of the Eastern Hemisphere. More than that, France by her military strength and political alliances ho}ds in check many forces of potentidl strife. If that great nation is convulsed by civil disorder or made bankrupt by financial chaos, many tigers will be let out of thelt cages. The Euro- pean system, held together precari- ously as it is by the treaty of Vi sallles, will be disintegrated and a host of perilous problems will rush out with ugly threats of trouble. Italy Sees Claim Proved. Italy already proclaims that this French crisis is but one proof more that the parliamentary system +has broken down completely in Europe, apart from England. “It is not ministries that fall today in France,” says the Italian press, “It is the regime which has fallen. Parliamentarism is doomed and damned.”™ 2 That may be true. Looking around at all these dictatorships in Europe and this deplorable situatipn in Priuhee; ‘one cahnot deny this failure of democratic self-government, but it is not pleasant’ to think that democ- facy, after its centuries of atrugfla for Hberty, should have signed its own death warrant. -For that is what dictatorship means, however much we may admire Mussolini and his mira- cles. It means that power has passed from peoples to one-man gov- ernment, or to government by con- suls of committees ruling by decree and not by free speech and free vot- ing. - Temporarily, it may be for the people's benefit. It may realize their aspiration and inspire them with new ardor and enthusiasm and national spirit as in Italy today, but it is not good form of permanent government. It 1s hot based iipon popular liberties. In my opinien, it does hot make for world peace. Treaties No Safeguards. This nervous tension in Europe, due to the French weakness ahd loss of self-control, 18 being exploited and ex- aggerated by certain dark prophecies of . disaster : about to befall this troubled wofld. - For some time, both in France and BEngland and-even, I belleve, in Americh, numbers of spirit- ualistic mediums, parlor prophets and othef thystics have been foretelling a ‘“new phase of tribulations.” They say there will be a period strife and war which will continue until September, 1936. It is significant of human credufity ana still more of that shadow of fear which lurks in many minds, owing to the uncertainty of world canditions following the last war, that this kind of thing finds its way into serious newspapers and is believed, of half believed, by intelligent folk. I allude to it only as an example of this psy- chological nervousness existing in Europe today. It is lamentable that eight years after the ending of the ‘World War there is no sense of secur- ity anywhere and even il well bal- anced brains there s an uneasiness and apprehension about, the near fu- ture not alayed by League of Na- tions, peace pacts, or any other safe- guards, - Superficially, it may seem absurd that this has been emphasized and renewed because French francs are cheap today and because French peasants object to paying taxes. But there is a genetal understanding of more important issues hanging upon that French éxchange. The stability of France is enormously and, indeed, su- premely important in Europe. If France fails and falters because of in- ternal weakness and strife, the flood- gates of disorder will bé opened all around her and all existing arrange- ments to stabilize political and racial conditions will be in jeopardy. Eng- land, above all, is watching France anxiously. The downfall of the Cafl- laux cabinet already delayed the rati- fication of the French debt agreement. It may be renewed, but there is no certainty of. that. Althotugh England has let France off with 60 per cent of her war debt, those moderate pay- ments demanded from her have cre- ated no gratitude, but rage, in French public opinion and were one cause, certainly, of the government defeat. But if France does not pay something of the debt, England, who has to pay all her own to the United States at a timé when trade conditions, un- employment and high faxation are eating up her old reserve wealth, ‘will be most gravely affected. False Press Scored. Agaln, French mentality is exas- perated against England, among the ignorant classes, because journalistic propaganda still persists in suggest: ing that England is Jargely to blame for the French financial crisis. Eng- land and America, they sa¥, have es- tablished an Anglo-Saxon bloc against them. England, above all, they say, has caused their financial troubles by refusing to act with them against Ger- many at the time of the Ruhr inva sion and by acting against French in- terests everywhere since the concly- sion of the war. It i8 impossible to get these ideas out of the French imagination, and even highly educated and extremely intelligent Frenchmeh are convinced of their truth. Un- certain of English friendship, despite a thousand proofs and real generasity, they are féeling - their way -to new combinations which they think may insure their safety in a military and commercial way. Fantastic as it seéms, there is & growing béllef that the future of France is bound. up with a_ Franco- German alllance which would domi- nate Europe, Personally, I think all that kind of stuff is dangerous non- sense.. France has brought her troubles upon herself by refusing to face the realifles of arithmetic and bookkeeping, by the dishonesty of many of her politicians' and by the abominable falsity of French journal- ists duping the nation with lies and illusions. They have still time to pull themselves together, but not much time. For the peace of Europe and the prosperity of _all nations, England, who remains France's best friend in spite of many misunderstandings on both sides, earnestly and anxiously de- sires to see France escape from -her present dangers and maintain het prestige and power in the world. Her failure to do so’ would be more than & national calamity. It would be the be- ginning of the end of Europeas peace, the open gate to new wars. (Copyright. 1926.) A Paint_stalns on clothing will not remaifr thére long if you get after them , with turpentihe and -ammonia in équal parts. ’ Buys “all the Our special B RETURNS T0 FOLD WAMD of Minneapolis. Back on Old Wave Length After Taking Another. Spectal Diepatch to The Star, NEW YORK, July 24—The Na- tional Association of Broadeasters, which numbers in its membership more than 200 of the most important radio stations of the country, announced recefpt of a telegram from the proprietors of WAMD, Mlnxn:.{c- 1is, saying this station had retu: to its old wave length of 244 meters and was “back to stay.” It was one of the many stations which jumped to higher wave lengths a week ago on the heels of Secretary Hoover’'s an- notincemenit that the Department of Commerce no longer exercised the power of allocating wave lengths, Station WAMD, as a member of the Wm of Broadcasters, was urged by that organization to return to its old, wave and help end threat- enéd chaos fn the ether. Qme act which brought this station into the public eye was the fact that it broad- gast a speech by Mr. Hoover while still on {ts “pirated” wave. Station WNJ, Newark, is the only other outlaw station so far to return to the' fold of allotted wave lengths since the association launched its cam- paign for conformity. Like WAMD it is & member and has agreed to abide by the old rules until Congress coi venes and adequate legislation is en- acted to provide for the, situation, More than 100 of the oonformity pledges sent out by the association signed and returned, the announcement said. Confidence was expressed that the ‘stations still on “pirated” wave lengths would soon be brought into line by the continued ac- tivity of the fon. . - Midocean Hotels. And now it is midocean hotels that are envisaged by a Philadelphia engi- neer of high standing as a realizable profipect in the not-distant future, He forécasts super-planes on a totite be- tween Atlantic City and Plymouth, making the voyage in 80 hours and landing at any one of eight 100-acre floating landing flelds, which he calls “geadromes.” These, like Iceberg: would have the most of their displac ment beneath the waves. BExceeding the fancy of the movelist, the ambi- tious water plan of the audacious but not impracticable scheme puts hotels, fuel tanks, food supplles, machine #hops and even metéorological bureaus under the surface of the sea. Fairy Tale. From the Kansas City Star, Once upon a time there was a chorus girl who was not hufigry after the_show. New Scientific Way CFETS-IT” is a scientific liquid that millions use, among them famous dancers, athletes, doctors and folks who walk a fot. It ends corns and calluses. Oné drop stops pain in 3 short seconds. 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