Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 2, 1958, Page 14

inter - American News for English - Speaking people @. 4 SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. Vico i THE AMERIBASDAILY © 8. SMITR Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire Mer. . SMITH President Published daily except Monaay — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla. on February 8. 1956, EDITORIAL HUMAN RIGHTS Dr. Eduardo Garcia, President of the Council of the Organization of American States, as well as representative .of Argentina before that international body, in a recent lecture at the Pan American Union, in Washington, empha- sized, according to press reports, the need of “an intense campaign in all of the Americas to make the rights of man known by all the peoples”. The distinguished Argentine jurist and diplomat is more than right in stressing the importance of divulging the Declaration of the Rights of Man, so that all the peoples may know its contents better, in order to defend them with a greater sense of responsibility. To that divulgation of popular type, it is urgent to add the one of official character, so that the governments will also be well informed about the meaning of human rights, and which is the best respect them. manner for those in power to It is to be hoped that governments and peoples will he the object of that healthy dampaign of divulgation and orientation, which with extraordinary good judgment has heen suggested from his high post as President of the Couneil of the Organization of American States, Dr. Eduar- do Garcia. THE N ° ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE The launching of an space satellite by the United States is, without doubt, of great scientific significance, but it should not Surprise anyone, since it was absurd, to say the least, to think that the United Sates would not be able to put this satellite around the Earth, as Russia did a short time ago. The circunstance that the Soviets succeeded in the test before the United States, had only speculative value in the psychological field and Russia, evidently, took advantage of it for the benefit of her international prestige. But, basically, the launching of the satellite did not represent a threatening superiority to the United States, as some would like us to believe. The immense scientific rican country, her military capacity of this North Ame- and economic power, cannot be subject to doubts resulting from any progress made in advance by Russia. Of course, there are exceptions, since an achievement such as the decisive character. atomic bomb in 1945 was of It is certain that the men of science at the service of Russia will be. the first ones not to be surprised that the United States has made this launching which belongs, even with its sensation and novelty, in the field of progress of contemporary civilization and science. The United States marches at the vanguard of progress im the modern world, and this constitutes, without doubt, a guarantee for the free peoples of the Earth, in this period of terrible totalitarian threats to humanity. - *«.* Le mer Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports COMPLAINT AGGAINST LEAD, ZINC TARIFFS POSTPONED WASHINGTON (UP)— Commission of Basic Products of the Inter American Economic and Social Council has postponed un) til next week a complaint by three Latin American countries against proposed Unites States tariff in creases on lead and zinc. Bolivia, Méxiro and Pert have asked the commission to bring the matter to the attention of a cor responding group of the United Nations. Before this can be done, how ever, the full Economic and Social Council must recommend action by the Council of the Organization of | American States, the principal or gan of the Inter American alliance. The tree countries are hopeful that such action will be taken as a means of dramatizing to the Unit ed States Government and public the damge done their economies if the proposed tariffs were enacted. Dr. Armando C. Amador, Chair- man of the Commission, told the United Press the group will re sume consideration of the request next Tuesday. Re said that the United Nations commission on basic products is due to make a report on the world metals situation next May and that action must be taken well in advance of that date. MEXICO WILL NOT WITHDRAW FROM WORLD SILVER MARKET MEXICO CITY (UP)— México has no intention of withdrawing from the world silver market as reported by the local press in the past few days. Treasury Secretary Antonio Ca rrillo Flores said that the revenue losses by silver producers resulting from lower prices have been slight. Mexico, one of the leading silver producers in the world, exports about 40,000,000 troy ounces an nually with a total gross value of approximately $36,000,000. ge OEtillo Flores said current price of silver in world markets is 8. 5-8 U. S. cents, a drop df ap- proximately one and a half cents. ‘This represents a decrease in The reventi¢ of about $660,000", Ca) rrillo Flores said, “therefore the | problem is not yet serious.” | The-cabinet minister blamed the drop on reducea economic. activity jin the United States. | He said the government tradi |tional policy has been “to inter \vene in the \market in defense of our produc tion,” but that the present sitha jtion does not call for any inter vention. : Should the situation deteriorate |further making it necessary to in |tervene, he said, the Bank: xico would be called to put into effect the required measures “in defense of our silver production.” BOLIVIAN TIN PRODUCTION DECLINES WASHINGTON Bolivia’s tin production during the first nine months of 1957 totalled 18,979 fine metric tons, a decrease of 5.4 per cent from the 20,132 tons produc- ed during the corresponding peri- od of 1956, according to statistics recently released, The decline was more pronounc- ed for the nationalized mines than for the private producers. Tin exports during the first 9 months of 1957 amounted to 19, ELECTRIC EXPANSION PLANNED IN MEXICO WASHINGTON — Nueva Cia. Eléctrica de Chapala, which serves the Guadalajara district in México, has announced a large expansion program involving the construc- tion of two hydroelectire plants, | with related additional transmis- sion and distribution networks. Only a part of the cost has been financed. The company proposes to raise additional funds through the ‘issue of bonds to be guaran: teed by both the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission and Na- tional Financfera, of Mé! 378 metric tons, valued at $39,989, : 750. MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., BOGOTA, Fen 1 (UP)— Lead- ers of the two pclitical parties and the Minister of Government, Gen- eral Pioquinto Rengifo, held a |long emergency conference to stu- | dy the situation of public order in the Department of Tolima, where WIN PENDLETON SIKES MOVES IN — Two weeks ago we told how Congressman Bob Sikes had called a meeting of the Florida Delegation to urge a uni fied stand’ on military construe tion in Florida. And now, to fur ther strengthen his hand, and protect vital building projects, Sikes has managed to have himself | named vice-chairman of a special | newly created subcommittee that | will deal with all military cons: | truction. All appropriations deal | ing with military construction will | be in the hands of this small group. | Sikes has been trying to streng | then our military year after year (he’s a colonel in thee reserves), and certainly his new position will | give him opportunities to move in} that direction. CUTTING RED TAPE — Thanks | to a bit of persuasive talking o2 the part of Senator Holland, thou “sands of starving cattle in Cen| tral Florida wil! be fed this week | — without the necessity of their owners signifi the usual “pauper’s oath” for the grain, Up until now, when a disaster area is set up and feed is distribut ed, a farmer hasn’t been able to se- cure emergency feed unless ‘he signed a paper saying he was broke. If he had any assets, he was expected to sell them. After that, the government might help if the man needed it. The principle was one which said that if you have three starving animals you should sell one to feed the other two. In other cases ’the processing of loans took so much time that the cattle could starve while waiting cattle could starve while waiting for the papers to clear through | normal governmental channels. But Senator Holland this week prevail ture to release food at once, with | out the oath and without the long drawn out red tape. Until February 5th, when the program | |will be reviewed, cattle feed in| | Central Florida will be handed out | regardless of a farmer’s ability to | pay. Holland said, “Save the cat) tle first, then Jet’s get the Pay | |ments straightened out. This is an| | emergency” |oats or corn from the Commodity | | Credit Corporation’s vast stock of | farm surplus, | HO HUM -- There is a story | |the Congressman who told his |friend about a dream he had the | |night before. He said, “I dreamed | I was making a speech on the floor of the House, and when I| woke up, I was.” That is as bad as a| speech I made not long ago in Pen | nsylvania, As 1 was about half way |through my speech (I had been talking about an hour), a fellow in the audience went to sleep. | His wife tried to wake him up. She thumped him on _ the head with her thimble. He sat up and said, “Honey, you’ll have to hit me harder than that. I can still | hear him.” ROSY OUTLOOK? — Sooner or later, everything gets into politics. Now it is roses. Congressman Jim Davis, of Georgia, has introduced a bill to make the rose our national | flower. That’s al! right with Geor- | gia. Their state flower is the Che-| ‘rokee Rose. But what about every-| body else? What about the orange | blossom? You'll never get 531 po- jliticians to agree on one flower, Each will be under pressure from the folks back home to push for their favorite flower. And any way you look at it, the bill will never even get to a vote until somebody finds out whether a rose is Repub- liean or Democratic. How can you vote until you know which side you are on? WASHINGTON SCENE — Here | for the annual meeting of the Na-| tional Agricultural Limestone In- stitute was R. M. “Whit” Palmer, Jr., of Dolomite Products, Inc., Ocala. Seen in the Statler chatting with Florida Congressmen Bob jing For a better understanding between the Americas |it has taken a dangerous turn with |the assassination of twelve farm | workers. ~ | Conservative newspapers affirm |that the victims belonged to the Conservative Party, and that, be- sides, a numbei of conservative farmers, not yet determined, were also killed. The murders took place three days ago, after clashes in Ibagué, capital of the Department which was paralized by a strike in pro- test against political violence. Four ministers who went to Ibagué suc- ceeded in having the general strike ended, and returned immediately to Bogota to repcrt to the Govern- ment. General Rengifo had an inter- view with Carlos Lleras Restrepo, Director in charge of the Liberal Party; Alvaro Gémez Hurtado, of the conservative group suporting Laureano Gémez; José Antonio Montalvo, chairman of the other conservative group and they stu- died the situation in Tolima, con- sidering measures tending to ob tain effective pacification of that troubled region of the country. The Governor ef the Department Manuel Coronado, a conservative supporter of Gémez, confirmed the death of, the twelve farm work ers, belonging to one family, and said that there are rumors about other bloodshed occurences, but he attributed them to “ a deliber ate purpose of causing alarm tend to disturb the coexistence plans to bring peace, which inspire both the Government and the po litical parties,” “El Siglo,” Bogoté newspaper which is spokesman of Laureano Gomez, asks ‘if there is a plan against the Gémez conservatives, and editorially affirms that “the policies of national understanding are facing their worst crisis.” On the other hand, the newspaper “La Republica,” spokesman for the ri- val conservative group, maintains that while there is a situation of public order of that nature, it will not be possible to lift the state of siege, nor to install the govern ments and congresses with equal representation for both parties, which was agreed upon last year. Political sectors of all tendencies coincide in poirting out that the latest bloodshed events may in fluence national politics, weaken ing the two-party front which this year must assume power, replac ing the Military Junta. MILITARY TRIALS BOGOTA, Feb, 1 (UP)— Twelve army men and nine civilian be gan to be tried by a military |court under the accusation of con SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1958 Colombian Party Leaders,| Honduras and Government, Alarmed by New Violence Outbreaks Nicaragua in | Agreement on ' Mocoron Zone MANAGUA, Feb. 1 — (UP) | The joint | composed of Nicaraguan and Hon- duran representatives, made new recommendations for the solution of the problem that has arisen in the region of Mocorén, in order to live up to the decisions of the Organization of American States (OAS). The recommendations are: 1. To request from the Govern- | ment of Honduras withdrawal of | all farmers who are not natives | of Mocor6n. 2. That only residents of Moco- !rén be allowed to remain there. 3. Periodic inspections of the re- gion by the joint commission, 4. Exchange of visits of the mili- | tary authorities in the zone, aimed | at greater approachment and un- derstanding of the problems of the zone. Honduras has accepted Nicara- gua’s protest, and withdrew her | forces from Mocorén, which has become now a “no man’s land”, ac- cording to the agreement within become now a "no man’s land”, according to the agreement with- |in the Organization of American States. The Nicaraguan soldiers found evidence that there are no more Honduran soldiers in Mocorén. | Cuba Optimistic Over Prospect of Prosperity in ‘58 WASHINGTON (UP)— The | Commerce Department’s Foreign Commerce Weekly, issued today, said ihat Cuba is optimistic over prospect that prosperity in 1958 jmay exceed tha: of 1957. The weekly said that business activity throughout Cuba increas- ed substantially in December, with sales in many lines reflecting re- storation of confidence in the buy- ing public, Cuban commercial bank clear- ings in December totalled $542,- 000,000 which was 3 per cent above November, and 22 per cent in the buying public. Cuban commercial bank clear- ings in December totalled $542,- 000,000 which was 30 per cent above November, and 22 per cent above December 1956. Cuban winter tourist season, ae- cording to report here, got under way in December with opening of two new luxury hotels, both of which were booked to eapacity dur- ing the month. Business activity im December Military Commission | ed on the Department of Agricul- | sPiring to oust the present Military | caused an upsurge in Cuba’s im- Junta and return ex general Gus/| ports, while the level of exports tavo Rojas Pinilla to office. Colonel Gustavo Quintero Santo fimio, who was fired from the ar my after the ousting of Rojas Pi nilla last May and the most con spicuous in activity Mario- Rojas Bueno, are among the defendants. José del Rosario Hernandez who was one of the Rojas regime fav Maria Prada Caceres, another de fendant is charged with a ter rorist plot against Carlos Lleras Restrepo, liberal leader, two weeks led. José Maria Velazquez is being tried in absence since he was grant ed asylum in Venezuela. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS did not change much. As a result, Cuba’s international reserve posi- tion during December was lower- ed by about $71,700,000. Cuban officials estimated the general average price of Cuban sugar for the 1957 crop at 5.200820 cents per English pound, freight on board, at Cuban port. This is All of this feed is orites, is another Attorney José} about equal to that which Cuba re- ceived from its record 1951 crop. As the average price in 1957 exceeded the base price of 4.96 cents per pound upon which wages snternational silver |8°i€ around Capitol Hill about #° in which two persons were | and salaries are determined, Cuban workers during Christmas holidays received additional wages and sala- ries estimated between $18,000,000 and $20,000,000. Costa Ricans Will Elect Today New President and 45 Members of Congress SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Feb. 1 — (UP) — Costa Ricans will elect tomorrow a new President, and also will decide if the socialistic program of their President, José Figueres, should be continued, slowed down, or modified. A record number of 354,778 citi- zens have the right to vote, and they may choose among three can- didates representing the different philosophies of Government. Francisco Orlich heads the tick- et of the National Liberation, gov- ernment party which gave a two to one victory to Figueres in the elections of 1953. It supports the costly welfare programs of the present government, agrarian re- form and nationalization of ‘the electric power industry. Mario Echandi represents the National Union opposition party. He is in favor of a conservative program which would seek foreign investment for the construction of dams for production of electric power and for low-cost housing, pie Si area el 00 Co Sa BUILDING COLLAPSE IN RIO CAUSES $3 MILLION DAMAGES RIO DE JANEIRO, Feb. 1 (UP) — The collapse of a ten-story apartment building here caused damages estimated in about $3, 000,000. There were no casualties, since Municipal engineers had warned in advance that the building, just completed, was in danger of col- lapsing, and police had evacuated residents of that zone, putting a cordon around it. Three other buildings suffered serious damages, when the larger building fell over them. Engineers say the collapse resulted from poor preparation of the founda- tions, which were built over sand. now financed by the Govern- ment. He would also return the banks of the country, which were nationalized in 1948, to private capital. Jorge Rossi, ex Minister of Fi- nanee, is the candidate of the In- dependent Party. which advocates maintaining the social programs of the Figueres Government at their present level, but without enlarging nor cutting them. He wants to cut Government expen- ses, so they may be in proportion with the national income, instead of trying to exploit qeeeeal re- sources to satisfy a high budget. Voting places will be opened from early in the morning to 6 p. m,, and a great number of voters are expected. F FOREIGN OBSERVERS The Electoral Tribunal is com- posed of 3 judges, one appointed by the Supreme Court, another, by Congress, and the third by the President. Besides, Figueres has invited three foreign observers, recommended by the General Sec- retariat, of the United Nations, to supervise the elections. They are Paul Negro, President of the Elec- toral Tribunal of Uruguay; Horace Read, Dean of the Law School of Dalhousie University, Canada; and Herbert Tingsten, owner of the Swedish newspaper “Dagens Ny- heter”. They have unlimited power to supervise the elections, Asa precaution measure, the Armed Forces have been placed under direct control of the Elec- toral Tribunal during the voting. Partial result» of the elections will be known at 8 p.m. tomorrow but final results will not be known until Monday at noon. Many ob- servers believe that none of the candidates will get the 40 per- cent of the votes required to be elected. In that ease, run-off- elec- tions will be held in two months. Costa Ricans will also elect tomor- row 45 members of Congress. Latin Americans Must Sell in Order to Buy, ‘‘La Prensa” Tells the U. S. A. BUENOS AIRES, Feb. 1 (UP) — The newspaper “La Prensa” in an editorial, remarks that Ameri- can wespapers are more interest- ed now in Latin American affairs. It adds there is no justification in the neglect on the part of the American statesmen with regard to the difficulties of Brasil, Colom- bia, Uruguay, Bolivia, Mexico, and Pert, and of our country due to the red tape to reach the Ameri- can market, or for the unfair com- petition against us in the world market. Pérez Jiménez to Seek U. S$.: Visa WASHINGTON —)UP)— Gen. Marcos Pérez Jiménez, the ousted Venezuelan dictator, may seek a temporary visa to the United States. State Department spokes- man Lincoln White said the U. S. embassy at Ciudad Trujillo, Do- minican Republic, where Jiménez took retuge, had been advised that Jiménez was “considering” apply- ing for the visa White said that if found eligible, Jiménez would be granted the visa. However, not for political or economical reasons, we are con- fident American opinion will react against those prohibitive tariffs, and the consent in the dumping of some farm products which tend to demoralize the market. We have too, a sad experience in this matter, the one of the sugar we must import almost a year af- ter having exported great quanti- ties, which will convince the most enthusiastic supporters of planned | economy. We have to arrive to the fact that both in United States as in the Latin American countries im- ports are paid with the exports in other words, the importation is the price of the exportation, The United States, having one of the richest wold economies, has to import much, and to export in big scale as remarked by an Assistant seeretary of State for Latin American affairs. His most snlient point is the ex- portation, and any amateur in eco- nomical matters understands what some great production sectors and their political agents pretend to ignore, the fact ieee in order to export we have to import, Latin American News in Brief COFFEE MEETING, A SOLIDARITY EXAMPLE MEXICANS DECLARE MEXICO, Feb. 1 —)UP)— The Mexican delegates to the Interna- tional Coffee Conference adjourn- ed iast week, declared it was an example of world solidarity. Representatives of the National Union of Coffee Growers of Mex- lico, declared that the conference, in which an International Coffee Organization was approved, gath- ered together tor the first time European and Latin American growers and worked jointly for the improvement of the world market, Miguel Angei Cordera, who signed the resolution in represen- tation of Mexicu creating the or ganization, stated that this resolu- tion has a triple purpose: 1. Promote greater consumtion of coffee through a propaganda campaign. Sikes, Jim Haley, and Syd Her- Jong. 2. Establish rules for the discus- sion and solution of problems governing the coffee industry. 8. Establish an office for statis- tics to prevent fluctuations which might be harmful both to growers and consumers, On the other hand the Union Nacional de Cafeteros (National Union of Coffee Grow- ers) announced that Mexico’s quo- ta for export from April 30 to June wil be of 359,576 of 40 kilos each, according to the “Mexican Agreement” signed by seven coun- tries last October, Venezuelan Envoy to U. S. Resigns WASHINGTON, Feb. 1 —(UP) — The Venezuelan Government accepted the resignation of Am- bassador Cesar Gonzélez, and ap- pointed Carlos Pérez de la Cova to succeed him, i Pérez de la Cova, an engineer, has the rank of Minister and has been in charge of all petroleum matters, Gonzalez had been Ambassador in- Washington since December 12, 1952. Previously he had repre- sented his country at the United Nations. U.S, TOURIST FLOW TO MEXICO INCREASES MEXICO CITY — )UP) — Dr. Francisco Villagran, National Di- rector of Tourism, ‘said 611,086 tourists visited México in 1957. This represents a four per cent increase over 1956, Villagran said. He predicted more than 750,000 tourists will visit the Republic in 1958, WILL FILM PICTURB IN ACAPULCO . MEXICO CITY (UP) — U.S, and Mexican interests will join in the production of the film “La Quebrada” scheduled to be filmed this year in Acapulco, a Mexican producer announced. Roberto Rodriguez of Rodriguez Films, Inc., flew to Los Angeles to confer with Hollywood producers on details of the joint venture. Rodriguez said the film will be a cinemascope production in color and bring together famous Mexican end U.S. stazs, ARGENTINE TRADE DEFICIT INCREASES BUENOS AIRES —(UP)— Ar- gentina’s big international trade deficit increased at the rate of 40 million dollars a month during the last quarter of 1957, official fig- ures showed today. October imports amounted to $115,100,000 against exports of $77,400,000 In November, im- ports tatalled $i21,300,000 and ex- ports $81,300,000, Deeember figures were still in- complete but were expected to show a proportionate gap between imports and exports, - MEXICANS TO STUDY TV IN NEW YORK MONTERREY, México. —(UP). Five Monterrey television actors’ and five TV technicians are en route to New York to study six- month courses at Columbia Uni- versity in video programming, pro- duction, acting, and oamera mani- pulation. Upon their return they will pro- duce television shows ia Northern Méxioa, Member Inter American Press Association @ For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 178 TEMPERATURE sy centigrade; The Scope of Fidel Castro's Attitude As if to erase any doubt that may exist in connection with the rupture of Dr. Fidel Castro with the other sectors of the Cuban opposition, prompted by his very lengthy accusatory letter of the beginning of the year, the rebel leader has sent a new one, which was published yester- day in DIARIO LAS AMERICAS and in which he pronounces in highly bitter terms against the parties and the revolutionary groups that want the solution of the political problem of Cuba through the elimination of Ba- tista from power. In his letter published yester- day, given to this newspaper by Messrs. Mario Lierena and Raul Chibés, who are Fidel Castro’s representatives abroad, the leader ratifies his hostile posi tion with regard to the leaders arid groups, whose names he fails to mention but who are easily identifiable from the reference made, not because all the adjectives used could be applied but in the light of the intentional terms contained im the paragraphs of said letter. These two documents written by Dr. Fidel Castro are, without any doubt, powerful blows to the revolutionary opposition, to that opposition that was represented in the now dead Liberation Council, because the parties and groups that made up the Council were the first to support Fidel Castro’s cause, at least in the outstanding phase of the invasion and the extraordinary national and international propaganda. As a result of that propaganda, he who now attacks those sectors of the revolutionary opposition has a personality. that, whether he deserves it or not, has since grown immensely. These people of the opposition have only had words of high praise for Fidel Castro, even if sotto voce they expressed doubts as to the eom venience of making him too big a figure. But what they have said for. all to hear is what has resounded most. And that, added» to Fidel’s courage, to his encamp- ment in the impenetrable sierra, even if his armed campaign has not progressed for over a year, all has given rise to a mystie air around his personality. With the turn of events, Gen. Batista has achieved one victory he never expected to gain because of the circumstances surrounding the politico-revolue tionary problem of Cuba. It is no exaggeration to say that this blow has produced the disband- ment of the opposition, which benefits the Government, not because the people will turn their side, but because, in divi ing, the fight loses strength. In view of the situation, it is timely to ask: What is the fate awaiting the revolutionary move- ment? It is true that this movement was launched by Fidel Castro and by all the parties and groups that came to make up for a month the Liberation Council. That is, the movement did not depend solely on the rebel leader of the Sierra Maestra. Yet, no one can deny that the revolutionary campaign revolved around the figure of Fidel Castro, and when he broke with the ‘other parties and groups united in the same revolutionary cause, their situation was one prae- tically stripped of any insurree- tional possibilities, as it is rather difficult to start all over and open a new front and, above all, to get the same public response as received by the Sierra Maestra action, Also, no matter what he says to the contrary, it is evident that Fidel Castro has received power- ful help from some of the leaders he now accuses as “politicasters criminally playing with the Revo- lution, who have been deceiving the people since March 10, 1952.” And these leaders, who cannot defend themselves because if they admit they have given material help to Fidel Castro they compromise their condition of exiles, will possibly stop backing the Sierra movement, and that, no matter what, will adversely affect the fighting capacity of the insurrectionista of the high sierras of the Orien te Province, ‘Will the i solved by revolution? soton or by