Evening Star Newspaper, September 8, 1929, Page 12

st FESS TELLS PLAN -OF BI-CENTENNIAL Péctures Celebration in Honor of George Washington in Radio Forum. (Eontinued From First Page.) be allocated & mile of road for such State tablets and architectural treat- ment as determined by the State, with the approval of the Federal Highway Department and the Fine Arts Com- mission.” To Publish Orders. ‘The commission also plans to publish a complete and definite edition of the writings of George Washington, includ- ing his general orders, never yet pub- lished. There are known to be more ghan 1,000 of these letters. “Their ublication,” said Senator Fess, “‘will a notable permanent memorial to his memory, which in time will be the very best possible source of material in m study of America's progress up to e. “The commission also has undertaken to assist in the restoration of Wake- fleld, the birthplace of Washington, Senator Fess said. ‘“Already steps are all but completed to add to the 70 acres already owned by the Wakefield As- sociation 300 acres necessary to proper- ly treat the home and surroundings. This latter addition is made possible by & provisional gift of John D. Rocke- feller, jr. The Government will be asked to appropriate $60,000 to com- plete the restoration.” ‘The commission plans to cover the entire Nation in its plans, both for im- mediate results and permanent me- morials, through its historian, Prof. Al- bert Bushnell Hart,” Senator Fess said. “It is the plan to have each State cele- brate the event so that it will become a Nation-wide celebration. Through the school authorities it is planned that a program will be put on by every school in the country—if not on the same day, at least in the same week. “The climax of the event,” he said, “will properly take place in the Capi- tal City.” Senator Fess' speech follows: Plans are rapidly taking shape for the most ambitious celebration ever undertaken in honor of a single in- dividual on the 200th anniversary of the birth of George Washington in 1932. This celebration will not only be Nation-wide, participated in by every section of the country, but it is ex- pected to reach an international stage, ‘where other countries, recognizing the service of Washington to the world, will participate. The event will be ob- served in a suitable manner in every American embassy, under the direction of the American minister, and in co- operation with the Nation to which he is acorediated. I am asked by The Evening Star, under whose auspices I am speaking, 0 tell the radio audience something of the plans and the reasons which will justify such an undertaking. This I am glad to do, and I thank The Star for the opportunity. Era The year of Great Progress. 1932 will mark the 200th anniversary of the birth of George ‘Washington. These two centuries span a period of time during which there has been greater progress in all lines of activity and more accomplished for the good of mankind than in any 2,000 years -preceding it. 1In no part of the globe has that progress been so marked, nor has it even approached the strides taken in the country he founded. Could he return to take part in the celebration of the bicentenary of his birth, he would witness such changes as were never seen before by human eyes. It would’ be difficult to properly es- timate the contribution of Gen. Wash- ington to his country as known today. The tractless wilderness through which he carried his message at the opening of the French and Indian War, when he was but 21 years of age, has be- come the heart of a great empire, with her teeming cities, her fertile farms, and her beautiful homes, oc- cupied by a prosperous population. He would observe the 13 separate original colonies stretching along the seaboard, whose independence he had succeeded in winning and whose hopeless anarchy he banished through constitutional gov- ernment, adding State after State until 35 more sovereign States extended her borders from sea to sea to cover the choice portion of a continent. ‘The 3,000,000 people over which he resided in his day have increased to eyond 320,000,000 in our day, living under, and loyal to the same Constitu-~ tion with the adoption of which he had most to do, in a convention of which he was the most distinguished member, and over which he had presided with such dignity and finality. He would take no little pride in the fact that during the 143 years of its operation it had been virtually amended but a half dozen times, notwithstanding the world-wide changes—social, industrial, political and religious—wrought in civilization during that period. Witness- ing the stability of the Constitution 143 years after, he would recall with in- terest the confusion created bv some delegates in the constitutional conven- tion when they declared that they labored for posterity as well as for that day; especially he would recall the jeers of certain members of the con- vention who declared it foolish for any man to hope that any Constitution the convention might adopt could last as long as 40 years. In happy contrast to that pessimism, he would view with genuine delight the loyalty to that instrument of 100,000,000 of the best fed, the best clothed, the best equipped and the happlest people of all history. Established Institutions. ‘To students of political science, and especially as affected by the constitu- tional history of the United States, a large and perhaps unrecognized part of America's progress must be due to her institutions with which Gen. Wash- ington had to do. The marvelous growth of the Nation’s wealth and power, which reveals an annual income as large as the total wealth of the next richest country in all the world, and that country, the mother country, from ‘whom the colonies less than 150 years ago won their independence under the Lefidershlp of Washington, would not ave been possible in a government in whnich the talent of a people is re- strained, either from the force of cus- tom or legal inhibition. It could only materialize under complete emancipa- tion of the human intellect, where universal freedom of growth and de- velopment of all the people were not only permitted, by both custom and law, but stimulated by the open door of opportunity to every phase of human progress, Such were the means and the of wise government. ‘The establishment of popular govern- ment in the United States is the basis | ch ot the might and power of America, which in a little over a century of time nas torged anéad into world leadership. It is properly regarded by students of history as the major event in the secular history of the world. Iis per- petuity for years was questioned by the statesmen of every country, many of Thom predicted an early downfall. Its preservation through the storm and stress of gigantic civil war is pronounced the greatest achievement in the history of civilizaton, The honor for the found- %4 wi wie republic is given to Wash- ngton; that for its preservation is given to Lincoln. Both of these events are of major importance, not limited to the peopie of the United States alone. But the latter, nearer to us in time, and closer in sympathy, as is ever true in femily disputes, is apt to remain most vivid in our minds. It sounded the very depths of our national being, and touched into new life the chords of w‘mlu devotion to country. Lincoln, most human 8s well as humanizing rergonality, and the central figure in a great national tragedy, which involved | ties a system of government, l:g umvullr control in the world, vllfi‘never lose his popular hold upon the people. This interest strongly increases with the years, as shown in the number of new books and leading articles published each year. Every new item iound, important or insignificant, becomes at once of na- tlonal interest. His fame increases with the year:. On the other hand, Wash- ington, being farther removed in time as well as being a personality, as it were, set apart from the common run of our population, does not so vividly reach the common heart of America, since in his day America as known today did not exist, and was yet to be. It may be ‘strange, but nevertheless true, that universal participation in the benefits of good government does not only dull our appreciation, but is apt to blind us to its sources. There is danger that our people cannot fully realize the en- ormously important contribution of the founder to our national welfare. Waiv- ing his achievement as a general in winning our independence, which was given first rank as a leader in war b, the best thought of Europe, I will d®al only with his influence as a construc- tive statesman, a builder, first as President of the Constitutional Conven- tion and later as the first President pro- vided for in the Constitution to launch the new government under that Con- stitution. By these achievements Wash- ington is given first rank among the world's leaders in the work of Nation building. Balance of Government. ‘The age-long struggle in government has been to reach a proper balance be- tween two vitally conflicting theories of government—central authority and local self-government. Both are essential, but the operation of either to the ex- clusion of the other is fatal. Too great freedom in the latter means anarchy, as displayeds,in the early history of Greece. Too great authority or power in the former means monarchy. as dis- played in the early history of Rome. The failure to find a reconciliation be- tween strong central government in the interest of law and order, on the one hand, and local self-government in the interest of liberty, on the other, was the rock upon which all popular gov- ernment was up to that time broken down. The record detailing the con- flict between the two forces supplies the major portion of the world’s history so far as government is concerned. It is true that some progress toward a solu- tion of this problem was made by our British ancestry, but not until that portion of the Anglo-Saxon peoples who fled the shores of Europe to find & new world undertook the task of the American experiment was there pre- sented a plan of successful solution. It involved the scheme of dcuble sovereignty, an American idea, where the central government was to be sovereign in all matters pertaining to all the states of the federation, and the states to be sovereign in all matters per- taining to distinctly local interests. This consummation was not accidental nor incidental, but the result of a con- test of giants in the convention that gave us our organic law. No other item of dispute was more bitterly discussed than the principle of double sovereignty as displayed in the records of the de- bates of the Constitutional Convention between the advocates of national gov- ernment and those of federal govern- ment. It was fortunate that an aggre- gation of men unequaled in ability or sagacity, power of reasoning and wis- dom of conclusion counseled together over these principles of government in building a Nation without a model in history or a parallel among men. These men ably attacked this problem of reconciliation between central authority and local government. The best ex- ponent of the first was Hamilton, and the best exponent of the latter was Jefferson. Of course, it is well under- stood that Jefferson was not in the con- vention, but he had a spokesman in James Iadison, who is properly known as “the father of the Constitution.” The importance of each of these principles of government depends upon the recog- nition of the other. Each unrestrained by the other would have been fatal. Too much power would spell monarchy, and too much liberty would end in anarchy. The one supreme need was a genius with the intellectual acumen to appreciate the value of each prin- ciple, and with power to compel its recognition. That genius was Wash- ington. No element in his character flashed more brilliantly than his in- fluence over men. From the convention where the plan of double sovereignty was provided for he carried out the principles in the administration of gov- ernment as the first President by in- augurating the element of power through Hamilton, as his leading cabinet member at the head of the Treasury; and the element of liberty through Jefferson, as his first premier at the head of our foreign relations in the State Department. The rivalry so militant in the convention did not end | with the adjournment of the convention, but was carried over into administra- tion, and continued as a contest of two theories for the first 70 years of our history. and only ended in a civil war from which the Nation emerged, pre- serving the two principles well balanced as undersf by Washington. It is now all but universally recognized that our form of government, refined in the heart of debate and purified in the fires of civil war, is the ultimate sys- tem of popular government the world over. Today the Washington system has in some form or other affected every civilized power on the earth. In fact, since the close of the Civil War popular government has covered the earth as the waters cover the sea. The greatest comment on the statesmanship of Washington is the world-wide ac- ceptance of his ideas of popular gov- the destiny the risin ernment. Great as is this contribution to history, it is not at all impossible, but, on the contrary, quite probable, that this prosperous Ameriean people; the direct beneficiaries of this system of government, have small appreciation of the debt they owe to Washington. No element in national security is more important than a lively realization of the sources of its power. No feature of perpeuity is more powerful than a sentiment of patriotic devo- tion to a great cause, and loyalty to the leader of that cause. These ‘f‘:fi': f;\l'ntl’ ttll’le blsl: of a Nation- ebration of ~ Washington's birth, which should, and douhllmg";fll. eclipse all preceding celebrations un- dertaking to do honor to a leader. Owe Debt to Founder, Two hundred years after his birth, 123 years after his death, and 143 years after he inaugurated constitutional Government, is a fitting time to call the people’s attention to the debt they owe to the founder of the Republic. Four years ago a commission was created by congressional resolution to provide for a fitting and an appropriate celebration of this event. This commission—four Senators appointed by the Vice Presi- dent, four members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker and eight members appointed by the President, with the President of the United States as the president of the commission, and the president of the Senate and Speaker of the House as ex- officio members—has undertaken to stimulate a popular revival of interest in the founder of the Nation. It has osen Prof. Albert Bushnell Hart of Harvard as historian and endeavors to cover the entire Nation in its plans, both for immediate results and per- manent memorials. Through the ef- forts of the historian we have a chain of Washington fns]o'y running for 16 generations with but 1 link missing. The commission is securing State co- operation through _appointment of State commissions. It is the plan to have each State celebrate the event so that it will become a Nation-wide celebration. Through the school au- thorities it is planned that a will be put on by every school in the country—if not on the same day, at least in the same week. In addition it is recommended that an especial effort be made by the people in each place visited by Washington dealing with his visit. Every town or county bearing his name should go to extra effort to prop- erly celebrate the event. The commis- sion has been and is keeping in contact with the on the general plan. The cha: f the outside celebra- tions must be to the local authori~ Y | The commission is considering the wis- | times. | should be allowed a mile of road for rogram TiIE SUNDAY to put on such & celebration as each locality determines. The resource- fulness of our le will insure a va- ried program. e climax of the event will properly take place in the Capital City, which he founded at the beginning of the last century and which is a con- crete object lesson not only of the sagacity of the founder, but one of the very best examples of the progress of the Nation which he founded. Fixed Coats of Arms. ‘The historian has found in England several coats of arms of the Washing- ton family, some of which have been brought to America through the gener- osity of some Americun friends who realized their importance. He has pre- pared .a Washington handbook and is now selecting a series of Washington readings to be distributed by the aid of the American Library Association. A ‘Washington map is proposed which will be distributed by largely by the National Geographic Society, with its admirable facilities for such service. It has also been recommended that a copy of some acceptable portrait of Washington be supplied to each school in America. dom of marking the important places connected with Washington which may be visited by touring parties. The subcommittee on program, ap- pointed by President Coolidge, has not yet outlined the complete plan for the Capital celebration. It is, however, definitely decided against anything of the character of a world's fair. It will lay the emphasis on the historical, spiritual and patriotic elements of the It is mo:fl:x::de& th:'t ma ant be given to display, in par e g:u‘:nu o{‘lthe Nation, covering the most prolific period in the march of mankind. The importance of the event will justify the most ambitious demon- stration of its character in history. The time necessary for attention to all the features is not yet determined, but it'is obvious that it will occupy weeks | of demonstrations. If place is given to all agencies suggested soliciting partici- pation the performances will occupy much time. All the various organiza- tions of national significance, many of | which have already expressed a desire | to take part, will be given thelr chance | to participate in the celebration. The various departments of the National Government, especially the Army and Navy, both established by ‘Washington, who was the country's first general and who became the first commander- in-chief of the Army and Navy, will take prominent part. Aviation, the newest arm of defense, will be given & prominent place on the program of events. The intellectual and literary progress of Washington's country will not be neglected, but will be given spe- clal attention. Estimates of ‘Washing- fon 200 vears after his birth will be | given not only by the best minds of America, representing every phase of American genius and progress, but also by foreign diplomats, whose countries will be invited to take part in the cele- brations. Labor and service organiza- tions are planning to take part in spe- cial parades and pageants. Labor Wi be given a prominent place to indicate the wonderful advancement of the worker and his present high position | Aside from the pageantry display of | progress, 1732-1932, ‘Washington's part in the development of 200 years' prog- ress will be shown on the screen open to all. The agencies in modern progress will be enlisted to properly celebrate the vent. st Plan Memorial Boulevard. The commission has taken steps for some permanent memorials in com- memoration of the founder. Chief | among these is the Mount Vernon Me- morial Boulevard. Already the con- struction work has been begun on this memorial, which extends from the foot of the memorial bridge, at Columbia Island, to Mount Vernon, along the Po- tomac River, a distance of 15! miles. This boulevard, which will be 200 feet wide, connecting the famous shrine with the Capital, will pass along a section which lends itself to superior park fa- cilities unequaled in America, if not in the world. The highway department has the counsel and co-operation of the best talent in landscape architecture and art in America. When completed it will be the realization of a dream of the friends of Washington who have long wished for the time when this shrine would be made accessible to the people of America, who in their adora- tion will rival in number, in visiting the tomb of Washington, the hordes who annually visit the tomb of the great Napoleon. The construction, which will take at least three years to com- plete, will be ready for dedication in 1932. The initial cost is four and one- half million dollars. It has been sug- gested that to each of the 13 Colonies such State tablets and architectural treatment as determined by the State with the approval of the Federal High- way Department. It is a fitting consummation for the Government to connect the two places so closely associated with Washington, the home so conspicuous even at that early time, and the Capital City whose site he chose, and whose plan was made by the famous L’Enfant, of his own choosing. The home stands as he built it, and the city is fast developing on lines recommended by his city planner By 1932 the Mall, suggested by L'En- fant's plan, and the Capital Plaza, & plan recently decided upon, will have progressed far enough to present a con- tinuous boulevard from the rallroad depot, intersecting Pennsylvania avenue between Second and Third streets, thence proceeding along the Mall, skirt- ing monumental Government buildings, past the Washington Monument to that wonderful tribute to the memory of the great war President, the Lincoln Me- morial; then across the massive me- morial bridge, a memorial to the North and South; thence over the Mount Ver- non Memorial Highway to the shrine of the Republic's founder, a highway un- matched for beauty and historical sig- nificance anywhere in the world. The dedication of this highway will be a significant part of the celebration. To Publish Writings. ‘The commission will also publish a complete and definitive edition of the writings of ieorge Washington, includ- ing his general orders never yet pub- lished. Two attempts at publication of his complete writings have been made, both virtually out of print. Neither the Sparks edition of 80 years ago nor the more recent Ford edition of the works of Washington is complete. There are known to exist (his general orders as head of the Revolutionary Armies, valu- able beyond estimate, which have never been published) over 1,000 letters of ‘Washington which have never seen print. It is the purpose of the com- mission to make a complete publica- tion. The value of such a definitive edition of his works and writings can- not be overesfimated. Their publica- tion will be a notable permanent me- morial to his memory, which the Gov- ernment alone should carry out and which in time will be the very best pos- sible source material in the study of America’s progress up to date. ‘The commission has also undertaken to assist in the restoration of wskil‘le};l‘, to allow the share of the s permission Wwomen of America in memoralizing founder to be the restoration of Wmcpl.lce. The mmlg;: Do, s t completed to add to the lmd! ;ol;ned by the wunnflh d Auol; ciation more necesary to proj treat the home and its lurmundfir 3 ‘This latter addition is made possible by & provisional gift of John D. Rockefel- ler, jr. The Government will be asked to appropriate $60,000 to complete the restoration Numerous other proposals are before the commission, but up to date no jother has yet been adopted. It is the belief of all members of ‘he commission that the foregoing will be fitting me- morials, and nothing less should be un- dertaken. The event will be notable as of na- tional importance. Nineteen hundred and thirty-two will make the Capital Rmerica's population: erica’s po) 5 le are showing pride in and beauty of t not STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., States, munici can come for concrete object lesson in all phases of city and community life.. The Capital in 1932 will extend the widest welcome to the Nation’s population, who will do honor to the memory of the founder of the Republic. il Spanish Consul to U, 8. Named. MADRID, September 7 (#).—The Royal Gazette todsy published a royal order naming Santiaf de Mugiro y | ford, young, Mugiro Spanish consul in Chicago. ‘Twinkle-Ditto, Extra Race. By the Associated P) DETROIT, Septem! SEPTEMBER _ 8, ties and communites| T\ NKLE-DITTO” WINS LAKE STAR BOAT TROPHY Max Hayford, Skipper, Comes From Behind to Obtain Cup in 1929—PART 1. Sheridan Shore Yacht Club, Chicago, the Commodore Tom P. Archer Per- petual Starboat trophy, having won the right to keep it for a year by winning & double victory on Lake St. Clair this afternoon. Twinkle-Ditto, sailled by Hayford and Cy Belknap, forced the competition to go into an extra race to decide the Great Lakes starboat championship. Before today's races Johnnie Boice of Toledo was in the lead r 7.—Max Hay- | with eight points accumulated. When curly-haired skipper of | Hayford and his one-man crew pushed | g - windward and leeward course. Boice ‘ craft and after the first mile the Chi- was third and they were tied at 10 C380 boat was never in danger of los- points. ing. A sail-off was declared necessary and the contestants agreed to hold it at| Envoy Wright Returns to Post. once, making one tour of the wind-| BUDAPEST, Hungary, September 7 ward-leeward course, Boice's Nemune.“g’"-flm‘"“fl Minister J. Butler 111, was on the windward side crossing | 1. brr returned to his post from the United States yesterd: the starting line and Hayford tacked to port and came up astern of the Toledo boat, the Twinkle-Ditto was pointing New Zealand now claims to be second only to Denmark in the exporting of dairy produets. will take back to Twinkle-Ditto over the line first on the ' higher and footing faster than Boice's Hart Schaffner & Marx Sagle Sbctohes ViowThe NATIONAL AMATEUR OLF TOURNAMENT at Pebble Beach—Del Monte, Cal Hare Schaffner & Marx style observers and artists rushed sketches and informa. tion by airplane from Pebble Beach to San Francisco. From there this material was sent by telephotograph to the rest of the United States in the form you see it here Two-button peaked lapel (Corona Brown) b‘t':lling double-breasted (Grenadier Blue) that he is happy he left his golf mallets in the locker-room after looking at No.6 green e « SN2~ TFPe. & MERMcK Famous number on the caddy of 2 famous player (grey sweater, grey breeches,bluehoseandaGeorgi Sept 2.7 Blue sea, wind-swept cypress splashes of color. Pebble Beach course made a bril After watching the 69s, 70s and72s (belted-back) won- ders if there's anything right with his game Young Southern Cali- fornia breaking the mo- notony of a 69 by ad- dressing the sandtrap trees, he picturesque lliane setting for the National Amateur Championship. This smart gather- ing of golf enthusiasts verifi fall style for men forecast by every Hart Schaffner & Marx. Corona Brown was as popular as the youthful, well dressed Champion. Bacchus shades, Grenadier Blue, Pyramid Grey well represented. Spectators favor- ed the two-button peaked lapel suits and some double-breasted m were observed were Confetti near the 18th green —(that is what the crowd odels looked like) Hart Schaffner & Marx artists and style ob- servers cover every important fashionable sporting event in America and Europe RALEIGH HABERDASHER Copyright 1929 Mart Schafiner & Mars V