Evening Star Newspaper, December 16, 1928, Page 49

THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D. €. DECEMBER 16, 1928 PART 1 Britain to (Continued From Third Page.) of the cabinet are deserting in one direc- tion or another in face of the storm. Some turn toward the secure.and placid refuge of the House of Lords. Others indicate a preference for some safe met- ropolitan constituency with a great mid- dle class Tory majority. This kind of spirit invites defeat. The younger mem- bers of the party imitate the example of their olders and betters and the fortu- nate among them are already seeking some ark of refuge outside the industrial areas of the North. Very different was the spirit of Bonar Law, who twice resigned a safe seat in order to contest some great in- dustrial_constituency so that he might give a lead and inspiration to all the Conservative candidates in the neighbor- hood. It was with this object that he gave up his seat in Dulwich to fight in Manchester—and dcoerted the security of Bootle for the perils cf a contest in Glasgow. Bonar Law led his party from the front. Too many of existing minis- ters are obviously going to lead it from behind. The result will be a feeling of desolation and betrayal in the vital cen- ters of the midlands and the North. Conservative Prospects. | It will be seen from the general tone | of this article that the prospects of | the Conservative party are far from | favorable. The main strength of the government consists in the fact that both the Liberals and the Socialists have so far failed utterly to make any impression on the agricultural constit- uencies and in the personal and politi- | cal disunion which afflicts both So- cialism and Liberalism. None the less, it is absolutely clear that the Conserva- | tives will be badly shaken at the next general election. But it is right to say that the Socialists themselves do not expect an independent majority in the next House of Commons. They look to be 270 strong: give to Liberalism 30 | members, thus leaving the Tories with | 315, out of a total of 615. | It is the Socialist party which will reap the main profit from the decline in the popularity of Conservation. | ‘Their walls, once so lowly, seem to be rising as though under the hands of | unseen masons. One must ascribe their | progress rather to the inevitable course of events than to any great skill in leaders] Not only is Socialism fre- quently disunited. but Mr. Ramsay Mac- | Donald has fallen in with the Tory | precedent and deserted a perilous seat for a safe one. Mr. Philip Snowden, ex-Socialist chancellor of the exchequer, remains at once the most formidable and the most attractive personality on the Socialist benches. I can well remember the first time I heard him speak in the House of Commons. I had only been in Eng- land for a short period, and yet here 1 was elected to be a member of Parlia- ment. I suifered under a terrible ad- vantage as compared with my col- leagues, for I had not the faintest knowledge’ of most of the personalities of British politics. I set about remedy- ing this defect as quickly as I pos- sibly could and I was insatiable in my search for information. I was impressed by Snowden's speech, and I immediately went off to find Bonar Law. I asked Bonar Law my usual string of questions about Snow- den. Was he married? Was he fond of the pleasures of the table—either by way of eating or drinking? Was he henest in his polities? Bonar Law as- fured me that on all these matters Snowden was quite impeccable. He added, “He is sincere and honest, all right. In fact, I think the first thing | he would do if he ever came into power is to hang us all up on_the nearest lamp posts” That was Bonar Law's judgment on the Snowden of 18 years ago, and I suspect it was correct at the time. It is not true of the Snowden of 1928 Coming Figure in Socialist Politics. Yet Mr. Snowden would be benefited greatly in_the estimation of the ma- jority of his own followers if he still Strut Stage their wounds, and Lord Derby, the Con- servative leader in Lancashire has not been able to appease the feuds. Lloyd George Is Great Asset. It will naturally be asked why a very large share of this movement of opin- 10n against the government should not take the form of a Liberal revival in- stead of a Socialist advance. Possibly | it may do so in certain areas in Scot- land where a reaction against Toryism is also clearly imminent. But in the main Liberalism can hope to profit lit- tle, as things stand, by the change in public opinion. It is too distracted by internal dissensions—which revive again just as soon as they appear to be com- posed. Liberalism has one great asset—Mr. Lloyd George. But this asset is being consistently depreciated by the attacks launched on the Liberal leaders by those who are supposed to be his sup- porters. This hostility to Lloyd George is far more damaging both to himself and his party than any open Tory as- sault. Further, a kind of “whispering campaign” of a type we have heard of over here in connection with Al Smith has been conducted secretly against the Liberal leader. It refers not, of course, to his private life, but to his campaign fund. Some of the Tory leaders have not discouraged this method of political controversy. But quite apart from its internal troubles, the Liberal party is handi- capped because all its thunder has been stolen by the Socialists. The discon- tented rally to the loudest orator on the biggest soap-box—and that orator is a Socialist. ‘What liberalism wants to make prog- ress is a policy of its own—a policy which no other party can imitate or take from it. Where is it going to find such a policy? Certainly not by competing with the Socialists in attempts to bribe the electorate with social reform. Lib- eralism ought to make its appeal, in my opinion, to the moral sense of the people, which, though it may be over- laid by wealth or materialism or by the pressure of poverty, is still alive. It was by its appeal to these moral forces that liberalism first began to live, and in this particlar stronghold it will find no rivals. Needs Sweeping Program. I believe, therefore, ought to come forward with a sweep- ing program against betting and against drink. It should be the anti-gambling and prohibition party. It is admitted on all sides that a great wave of gambling has overtaken the community in recent years—and as soon as one form of betting dies down another takes its place. Recently we have seen a startling phenomenon in the coupon competitions started by many great newspapers. Here any man who could cut out of a newspaper and send in a coupon giving correctly the results of a certain number of foot ball matches would obtain & prize of £20,000. The odds were enormously against him, but there was the gam- bler’s hope. ‘The newspaper with which I am con- nected—the Daily Express—fought against this development vigorously. ‘Their original motive in doing so was undoubtedly the feeling that the cou- pon competition press was degrading Jjournalism by mixing it up with gam- bling and by securing inflated circula- tion figures which did not represent the real Teading or advertising value of the newspaper. As the campaign pro- gressed, however, I found an ever-flow- ing current of support coniing in from members of the public who objected o the demoralizing effect of this new form of gambling. The practice men- tioned has been temporarily, at any rate, put to a stop by a decision of the High Court that such competitions are illegal. The moral remains. The other new form of gambling has centered around greyhound racing— generally known as “the dogs.” The feeling against the betting on “the dogs” is very widespread, for it affects the very poorest of the town popula- Tetained that spirit on which Bonar Law | tion, who cannot afford to go to horse- commented 18 years ago. But in the period which Las intervened Mr. Snow- den has seen too much of life, of men and of office to retain the extremist temper. He will never be “Hanging Johnny” now. A coming figure in Socialist politics is Sir Oswald Mosley, the Socialist baronet, originally a Tory member of Parliament. His opponents stigmatize him as an adventurer and declare that as a consequence he has no future in politics. I think they are premature and ill-informed in this judgment. They do not know the working side of Mos- ley’s life. Sir Oswald tours the country as a commercial traveler beats his district. He addresses meetings all the week and an extra meeting on Sunday. His oratorical powers and his person- ality, both in themselves considerable, are therefore familiar to his party in half the constituencies of Great Britain. But these speeches are never report- ed in the press which the average Tory reads. In fact, they are not reported in the newspapers in which I have shareholdings, but the speeches go on all the same. As to the accusation that Sir Oswald Mosley is unprincipled, I do not take much notice of it. I see that he is a man of remarkable abilities. I do not perceive that he is any more of an opportunist than a good many other eminent politicians I could name who sit intrenched in apparen respectability on Conservative or Liber- al front benches. Sir O. Mosley is the type of recruit to the Socialist ranks which is certain to bring quite undeserved yet formi- dable accessions of strength to that party, namely, the young men in search of careers and the other glittering prizes of life. Heretofore these brilliant soldiers of fortune have confined their activities to the old-time parties. Discontent Is Bred. Tt the Socialists are going to shake the Tory administration at the polis, race meetings. It brings gambling to the very door of the industrial -area. Mr. J. H. Thomas, the labor leader, has said publicly that he will never indulge in his own amusement of horse racing so long as betting on dog racing lasts, lest it should be said to him, “You disapprove of dog racing, but yet you go to the other races.” I take Mr. Thomas' attitude to mean that he has received many protests from his politi- cal world against the evils of betting on the dogs. Question of Racing. Thirdly, there is, of course, betting on horse racing itself—an age-long amuse- ment of the British people. I am a racehorse owner myself, though I am cne of the very few who never bet. However, the point here is no betting the general public. I need hardly say that I am not opposed to such betting myself. I only stress the point that there is a_very strong section of public opinion which is so opposed. It is to this form of the national conscience d appeal. go out boldly for prohibition. There the Tories will not and the Socialists dare not follow them. They would have the fleld to them- selves, and a very profitable field, I know I shall be laughed at by the politicians of the West End of London when I say this. These men who fre- quent the night clubs or else belong to the group which give large dinner parties in their own set know nothing whatever of feeling in the constituencies which they never come in contact with. They will declare with one voice that prohibition is an impossible cause in Britain. “It will not do; it is con- trary to the English nature and char- acter.” Such will be the cry—but it has no foundation in reality. Situation in Scotland. Let the London politicians go up to Scotland and to the north of England where are they going to win their seats? The answer is to be found in the great | industrial areas from Birmingham northward. There poverty and unem-] ployment_has made the population dis- contented and they are turning to the | Socialist party as the one most likely { to do something_practical for them. | Looking over the English constituencies | is it safe to say that the Conservatives must_expect to suffer heavy losses in | the districts stretching from Birming- ham to Manchester and Liverpool? | Birmingham and its surrounding | towns have been under the domina- | tion of the Chamberlain tradition for | 40 years. That domination has now | worn itself out. The most_significant : fact is that Mr. Neville Chamberlain | —s0a of Joseph Chamberlain—the pres- ent minister for health, has been obliged to shift himself out of a pivot- | and delve into public opinion there. Scotland is a potential stronghold of the prohibition movement. It is no accident that Scotland should at the same time be the best electoral hope of liberalism. In the Clyde area of Glas- gow and its neighborhood such a move- ment would instantly gain great mo- mentum once it were launched. It would be a move calculated peculiarly to embarrass the extreme Socialist members of Parliament who sit for the Clyde constituencies. For the Socialist party, as a whole, dare not take up prohibition—yet its ‘Clydeside members might be overwhelmed if they resisted a local prohibition campaign. And in the north of England, too, there are thousands of men and women now on the voting register who would j enter into such a campaign for putting down gambling and drink with a fer- al Birmingham seat for fear of a de- [ yor not seen in British politics for feat. Sir Austen Chamberlain is to be | many a long year. ‘This form of moral made the object of a special onslaught ! gpinion, fluid as yet and attached to by the Socialists in West Birmingham ! no particular party, would rally to the and his return is regarded as by no calse of liberalism, if the Liberals had means certain unless the Socialist vote ! the courage to raise anew the old is split by a Communist. Moving north we come to the Man- chester area. Here the ministerial pros- ' t] pects are particularly bleak. Many seats | were won for the Tories at the last general election on the Zinovieff lelul’iu political situation. and the Red revolution cry, which frightened the country. This scare can- not be worked again. What the Man- chester area is thinking of is the state of the cotton trade and poverty and unemployment. The Conservatives have proved quite unable so far to produce any kind of panacea for these pressing evils, Unemployment is the only issue in_the North. Liverpool is a great Protestant Con- servative stronghold. It has been over- whelmingly Conservative since 1885. Now the Conservative supremacy in the great seaport is crumbling. The minis- terial party there has bagn rent with internal dissensions for the last three years over the predominance of Sir Archibald Salvidge, the Tory organizer of Liverpool. His retirement would not really bring peace to the combatants who are simply sitting down licking istandard under which they fought many xéorious and successful battles in past. I am neither a prohibitionist nor an opponent of betting. I merely indicate Here is such an opportunity for what must otherwise be the desperate cause of political liberalism. : Wil liberalism take it? i B Hollow-Bladed Propeller. i Hollow steel propellers, that can be |produced at about two-thirds of the ,cost of the present equipment, are being [tested by the Navy, says the Popular {Mechanics Magazine. They have been {made possible through the development of electric welding. Previously, no sat- isfactory and certain way could be found for fastening the two sides to- .gether. The Navy has let a contract for six experimental hollow blades. Pre- |liminary tests, with twice the normal |load, indicate that the units will meet 1all requirements. that liberalism | by owner, or trainer, but betting by| ARBITRATION IN AMERICAS IN PROSPECT (Continued From First Page.) to accept it unless with certain restrictions such as those affecting their sovereignty, and dignity It is very iInteresting to note, therefore, the project of one of the delegates, which calls for the adoption of progressive arbitration whereby the contracting countries would ag: slowly, step by step, the restrictions are necessary, provided they find themselves in the position and capable of doing manner will arbitration accomplish effects until it is adopted in its full and without restrictions. Tireless Endeavor Should Be Continued. BY RAFAEL MARTINEZ ORTIZ, Secretary of State of the Republic of Cuba. Delegate from Cuba. The wheels of progress and civilization seem to move very slowly when one is to brevity of life. Capital will definitely and forever el 1 fear will be disappointed. What it will un- doubtedly accomplish will be the addition of an- other ideal toward confraternity and concord to the struggling human progress, ‘We should all aspire that the principle of arbi- iration be unanimously accepted as the most ‘Those who expect that the labors of the conference now convened in this beautiful independence Sees Great Benefit ree to annul which today 0. In this far-reaching sense, amply and progress. Restriction Needed, consider the Declares Honduran. iminate wars legitimate means of solving the disputes between nations and that it may become obligatory. Let us continue in our tireless endeavors and in the meantime confidently hope for the best. Success is invariably the fruit of perseverance. ——e To Mankind as Whole. BY BENITO FLORES, Delegate from Mexico. The results of the Pan-American Conference on Arbitration and Conciliation unquestionably will b most beneficial, not only to the republics of this hemisphere, but to mankind as a whole, for in principle obligatory arbitration has already been accepted, and it is most certain that at least they will not hesitate in the conquest of that principle which is the redeemer of peace BY ROMULO DURON, Delegate from Honduras. I am confident that the results attained by the Pan-American Conference on Arbitration and Conciliation, which so ardently seeks the unifica- tion of the different views of each of the Ameri- can states, will be most beneficial. The reunion in conference of the various delegates, represents in itself a great triumph to the pacifist tendencies of this contirent, which day by day becomes the constant preoccupation of the governments of the American_states. Personally I believe that obligatory arbitration can only become a reality by accepting the just restrictions which so vitally affect the sovereignty. dignity and independence of each republic. Th restrictions are still necessary, for the application of ample and unlimited arbitration at the pre ent time is just a beautiful ideal, a great moral aspiration, but very difficult to realize. Arbitration Can Serve Many Causes. BY DAVID ROSALES, Delegate from El Salvador. I venture to say that obligatory atbitration is acceptable to our people so long as it does not affect the constitutional precepts of each particu- lar country. I am in favor of ample arbitration with the exception of constitutional res The constitutions of nations cannot be s mitted to the consideration of a third foreign power, which are the foundation of their sov- ereignties and of their independent existence. However, all other controversies, such as boundary disputes, litigations, commercial disputes, claims and other conflicts, may very well fall under the jurisdiction of arbitration, which is a true and faithful guaranty of peace to mankind. Ample arbitration, as an ideal, as a course to be followed in the future. will be well received in El Salvador, but accepted only “ad referendum.” POLAND, UNKNOWN TO TRAVELER, OFFERS VISITOR WIDE VARIETY Land of Colorful Life, With Splendid Past, Holds Lure of Romantic Background, to Be Shown BY UFFINGTON VALENTINE. OLAND is a countty nobody knows. The tides of travel dow around it. Its cities, its scenery, its old civilization, its colorful life have failed somehow to at- tract the world. One goes everywhere except to this wide land, with its splen- did past, its long tragedy of foreign sub- jection, and its re-emergence among the nations of Europe under circumstances that have made its last 10 years an epopee of heroic struggle. The Poles have been sensible of this unpopularity of their country. It has not been flattering to be so generally ignored by outsiders. To some extent, however, they have welcomed it. In the problems of reconstruction they have had to face visitors have represented an embarrassment. The country has not been prepared to welcome them in any great numbers, There has not been here the kind of accommodations ob- tainable in Europe at large. 1t is only now, with all the moderni- zation that has taken place, that Poland is iscuing its first formal invitation to visitors. ‘The decennary of its rebirth is being celebrated by a national ex- position at Poznan that, it is hoped, will draw them. The exposition is to summarize all the progress Poland has made in the last decade. It will cover its developments in industry, agricul- ture, commerce, science, art, militarism, sport and hygiene, all, in brief, that makes the Poland of today. Poznan provides better than other Poland cities the grounds suitable for this ambitious undertaking. It has its ample fair grounds, and to these and the buildings it offers have been added the Lazar and the new Woodrow Wil- son Parks, making in all an area of 900,000 square yards. The new con- structions, many of which are nearing completion, will include an Upper Sile- sian tower, an agricultural hall, an in- dustry and trade pavilion, a machinery hall, a palace of art and education and an auditorium for musical festivals and congresses. A capacious hotel to ac- commodate visitors is also going up on the grounds, which will be embellished by the best Polish sculptors and have a zoo, a botanical garden, a Luna Park a:d other features usual to such exposi- ns. There is much about Poznan that, ir- respective of the fair, should make it a pleasant place to spend some time. It is one of the most historic of Polish cities, its earliest capital. There are many attractive old buildings, and much under German dominion was done to improve it. It is wide-streeted and modern in aspect, possessing today a quarter of a million inhabitants. The hotels are the finest in Poland and it is a_convenient point from which to ex- tend one's travels to other parts of the country. From there one can go in a few hours to Cracow, full of art interest, and thence to the Tatra, the wild scenery of which is worth seeing, and have in Zakopane a delightful Summer resort, and thence continue one's jour- ney to Warsaw, where visitors will be assured the animations of life com- parable with the leading cities of Eu- Tope. ‘This is, however, the barest of itiner- aries. Poland is full of objectives to which a Summer might be profitably devoted. 1t is simply that the diversity 100. | of Poland's attractions have lacked the advertisement that has been given other parts of Europe. The drawback | which has existed, and still to some | extent obtains, is the lack of railway conveniences, of modern hotels, and the understanding, outside of main centers, of any language except Polish. The rest of Europe has been made easy to travelers by the acquisition of com- monly understood languages on the part of those who serve the cosmopolitan public. Many find irritation in this resist- ance to the pleasures of travel. Amer- icans, with their linguistic handicaps, will be particular sufferers in this re- spect. The / are too accustomed to the adaptation’ that have been made to their ignoance. In France, in Italy, in Germay, in Emctlcllly all parts of the world they know in advance that they are an asset for which prepara- tion has been made in the acquisition of their own speech. Poland has not yet yielded them this advantage. It is one of the things that Poland has still to learn, if it is to count on the pecu- niary profits flowing from their inva- sion. Americans will submit to the want of the modernities to which they are accustomed, but they insist on being understood in their own tongue. Poland, it is stated, counts on at least 30,000 Americans coming to the expo- sition, but if it is reckoning on popu- larity with tourists from the United States, it will have to emulate the rest of Europe in making it linguistically easy for them. (Coyright. 1928.) Jugoslavia Asks Cash Reparations Payment Failing to obtain a loan with which to stabilize the budget, the Jugoslav government is expected to request that from Germany be turned over in cash. Jugoslavia is entitled to 5 per cent of the reparations amounting to about $30,000,000, but this indemnification has hitherto been in kind. Currency, rather than goods, is preferred now by Jugo- slavia. Hear the New BRUNSWICK PANATROPE 920 14th St. N.W. 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The Brunswick Pahatrope with Radiola Ceremony Attends Use of Royal Crown which Hungary's kings are crowned, is kept locked up in a safe place withia the royal castle, awaiting the day when a King will be chosen. world congress in Budapest of museum officials the crown was brought out for | a few minutes. St. Stephan’s crown cannot be brought out without an elaborate cere- mony, in the presence of many officials Several keys have to be employed be- | fore the doors swing open. Count Bethlen has one of these keys | When the ceremony was concluded the as replaced in its vault, the sev- Some day the crown will be placed much speculation as to this future King. | The legitimists say Otto, |son of ex-Empress Zita, others say | eitker of the grand dukes, Albrecht or | Joseph, and still others ciaim_ that an | Ttalian’ prince will rule over Hungary. pesti g v Find New Platinum Source. Metal experts in South Africa have | announced the development of a process | for the extraction of platinum from certain kinds of -sulphide ores, says | the Popular Mechanics Magazine. The | experiments show that about 75 per | cent of the platinum content of the | original ore is saved, and the process | is applicable to commercial production ‘8‘! a reasonable cost, the engineers de- clare. NIRRT | The. holy crown of St. Stephan, with Recently at the | Premier | eral keys were turned, and the pre-| seals were affixed on the doors. | upon the head of a new King. There 1s | 16-year-old | |Drinking of Tea Hit | By Italian Writers Three Italian newspapers in as many cities have joined hands to combat what they perceive to be an ominous innovation—the giving of tea and cookies at 5 o'clock to children of work- ‘ini‘( men in Florence. | “In cur day” says a writer in Il Selvaggio, “Italian children were con- ent with bread and bologna at 5 | o'clock.” Il Resto del Carlino, leading Bolognese paper, reprints Selvaggio's comment and adds: “These are char- acteristic results of that stupid, super- ficial, Americanistic ‘progress’ which fascism must combat daily to halt what is undermining, corroding and denatur- ing the ancient and pure Italian race.” ‘Then follows a tirade against the social climbers who “buy phonographs, drink tea, dance, study spiritualism and dream of being taken for an American. At least let us preserve our peasants and working men from this demoraliza- tion and persuade them not to desert the countryside. _Hollywood is the | greatest encmy of our campaign to | grow more wheat in Italy.” | The clerical Rome Corriere d'Italia | applauds both arguments, lapsing into | Roman dialect of a rather vulgar char- | acter. The campaign, however, is rather {late. The “alien” custom of afternoon | tea may have started as a concession | to the tourists but Italians are almost | as numerous as tourists in the many | tea rooms with which Rome is endowed. Brunswick Super-heterodyne, Model SNO. 9 tubes. Complete light-socket operation. Single-dial tuning. Used with Brunswick elec- tro-magnetic type speaker shown above, this instrument sets a new standard in musical quality. Price $175, less tubes. Speaker, $35. Brunswick Radio, Model SKRO. 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