Evening Star Newspaper, December 16, 1928, Page 46

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.....December 16, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: 1:th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East i2nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office; 14 Reent St., Londog, England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star.... 45c per month The Evening and Sund; ar (when 4 Sundays) .- 80c per month ‘The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundavs) ... ..65¢ per month The Sunday Star ... Sc_per ccpy Collection made at’the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail cr telephone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1 yr. £1000: 1 mo.. 85c Daily only ... 11 31, $6.00: 1 mo. E0c Bunday only 1 yr., $4.00; 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday..l yr.,$12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 Daily onlv .. 1 $8.00; 1 mo., 75¢ Bunday only . ., $5.00; 1 mo, 350c ‘Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively (ntitled to the use for republication of all vows dis- priches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local rews published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Reduced Fire Insurance. The commendable action of the Un- derwriters’ Association of the District of Columbia in announcing a reduction in fire insurance rates effective January 1 on new and renewal policies leads to the hope that further study of the situation in Washington will make pos- sible even greater reductions in the fu- ture. For while the underwriters de- serve praise for taking this step, it must be considered as only a partial move in the right direction. More than a year ago the Bureau of Efficiency, re- porting on its investigation of fire in- surance rates in the District, found that | there existed an apparent discrimination against the Capital in fire insurance rates which, it felt, was far from being Jjustified by conditions. The bureau con- cluded that rates here could be re- duced by one-third. It cited figures to show that for the period from 1921 to 1925 the ratio of losses to premium re- ceipts for the country at large was 55.6, but for the District it was 28.1. For every dollar received as premiums by companies throughout the United States 44.6 cents were retained for operation expenses and profits. But in the Dis- trict this figure reached 61.9 cents. The underwriters have, after their own investigation, found that rates can | be reduced from thirty-three to sixteen | per cent on dwellings and combination stores and dwellings. They expldin that when the Underwriters’ Association was formed, fourteen years ago, the rates adopted were based on experience in the District and other localities and that no changes could be made with ac- curacy in these rates without a ten-year test period. For the last four years the association has been giving its atten- tion to adjusting schedules, and upon this study has based its reductions in rates. Composed, as it is, entirely of ‘Washington men who have the best interests of the city at heart, it is be- lieved that the Underwriters' Associa- tion will find it practical to extend the reduction to other classes of business. The lowering of rates comes at a time when the city's annual loss from fire has shown reduction, when the Fire Department is adding to its equipment and personnel and when the street- widening program in the downtown area has brought about an appreciable reduction in the congested area fire hazard. The reduction follows by more than a year the findings of the Bureau of Efficiency to the effect that “the District is a compact municipality, well developed as to roadways and streets, served by an adequate water supply and maintaining an excellent fire fight- ing service. The streets are wider, the improvements are relatively of a high degree fire-resistant and the fire haz- ards of use and occupation are very fa- vorable as compared with other juris- dictions.” The Undervriters’ Association may be counted upon to go still further to at- tain its announced objective of reduc- ing fire waste and the establishment of just and fair rates, whereby the cost of fire insurance is equitably distributed among all classes of manufacturers, merchants and private householders. e New York in selecting a new police commissioner finds that G. A. Whalen is very much desired in his present responsible place in a great department. gtore. There are many instances in offi- cial life where it has been necessary in some degree to sacrifice private interests to the public need. TUnnecessary “Interpretations.” According to a story current in ‘Washington diplomatic quarters at the time, Secretary Kellogg described as “a grandfather complex” the Teport that | the present Henry Cabot Lodge, bril- liant young journalist, was opposed to the anti-war treaty now before the Senate. Events of the past few hours suggest that certain members of the United States Senate are suffering un- der a "reservation complex.” ‘At any rate, Senator Moses, Republican, of New Hampshire, and Senator Reed, Democrat, of Missouri, who are leading the fight for “interpretations” of the Kellogg treaty in the foreign relations committee, were pillars of the pro- reservation and anti-covenant crusade which ended in the non-ratification of the Treaty of Versailles eight years ago. President Coolidge has lost no time in taking up the challenge offered by the resolution for which Senators Moses and Reed assume joint responsibility. ‘The Chief Executive declares that while the resolution perhaps does nothing but voice the opinion of the Senate, it in reality goes beyond the pact itself, which attempts nothing more than to renounce war as a national policy. The President holds that the Senate has no right to interpret the treaty in ad- vance. In Mr. Coolidge's view, the strength of the multilateral agreement lies in the fact that it leaves the Gov- ernment to decide its course after the pact is violated. If and when such vio- lation occurs, the Congress would be free, under its constitutional preroga- tive, to take such action as it thought to be appropriate, including a refusal to g0 to war against the offender. There will be widespread approval of President Coolidge’s belief that any move to modify the treaty or saddle reservations upon it would be ‘an un- stands that no signatory government renounces its sovereign right to resort to arms in self-defense. The Monroe Doctrine, as is known to all the world, is a purely defensive policy as far as the United States is concerned. It has no other purpose. No foreign office in any capital was left in doubt on that score when Secretary Kellogg was nego- tiating the treaty, and the opinion may be safely risked that none of them is laboring under any such misapprehen- sions now. The proposed “interpretations” of the anti-war pact should deserve prompt banishment to the limbo of the non- essential. As Senator Borah himself has truly pointed out, it is what is actually in a treaty that counts. Anything not literally embodied has no binding force whatever. Nations are obligated by the contents of agreements to which they solemnly subscribe their names. In- terpretations of, and reservations to, a treaty, unless they are incorporated ver- batim, are in international law purely academic. On the present occasion they are not only unnecessary, but may be perilous, because they might casily thwart the whole splendid purpose in view by in- ducing other signatories to withhold their own ratification. America’s inter- ests are fully safeguarded by the “sim- ple and straightforward” Kellogg pact, as President Coolidge describes it. Those interests can only be jeopardized by tinkering and tampering with the spirit and letter of the convention the Senate now is asked to ratify. > Another Airport Champion. ‘The District welcomes the acquisition of another strong champion for its long- delayed airport. Senator Bingham of Connecticut not only speaks with au- thority on aviation, for he is president of the National Aeronautic Association, but he occupies a peculiarly strategic position, as newly appointed chairman of the subcommittee of the Senate han- dling District appropriations. Speaking last night at the banquet which closed the first meeting of the International Civil Aeronautics Conference, he said, “It is indeed discouraging for one to return from a visit to European coun- tries where magnificent facilities are provided for the landing of planes and to remember that no airport exists in the Capital of the United States.” It is discouraging to Washingtonians in more ways than one. It is discourag- ing because the landing of Lindbergh in Paris a year and a half ago sent a wave of enthusiasm throughout the United States which left in its wake scores of municipal alrports where none existed before, but this same wave, striking Washington with terrific force, spent its efforts in vain. Today the first spadeful of earth is yet to be turned on Washington's airport, and the earth in which to turn the spade lies buried many feet below the tranquil surface of the Potomac. It is discouraging because the question of financing this airport for the Capital of the United States has turned into a de- bate over whether the voteless tax- payers of the District, or Uncle Sam, would make greater use of the landing fleld. And it is discouraging in that the Bureau of the Budget has decided that an airport, not financed from Dis- trict of Columbia revenue, would be in conflict with the President’s economy program. Senator Bingham's reference to the airport last night was not an expres- sion of humiliation over the fact that THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTO! EVERYDAY RELIGION | to believe that the machinery of the universe skips a beat when a new fos- sil is uncovered, are scarcely overdrawn caricatures, Nor are these entirely to blame. Many aspects of their endeav- ors, not the least of which is enforced solitude, tend to produce a serene ob- livion of other advances in realms of thought and accomplishment which to them are more or less of a closed book. They must of necessity resemble the engineer with eyes glued to the track ahead, blind to the adjacent terrain. The Torch Clubs’ memberships in- clude college presidents, professors, clergymen, journalists, lawyers, phy: cians, archacologists, geologists, chem- ists—the list is almost endless. They: will meet eight times yearly to dine, to listen to papers prepared by members, and later to discuss them. No better title or emblem than the torch, ex- pressive of the illumination for all of the entire field of intellectual and sci- entific research, could have been se- lected. Washington once enjoyed some- thing similar to these gatherings, with consequent benefit to the Nation and even the world. These were the in- formal social gatherings of men of | learning and achievement held at in- tervals by the late Alexander Graham Bell, at which, as the spirit moved | them, outstanding figures in various professional specialties arose and in surprisingly simple and understandable language edified their fellow guests. The dining tables and the lounging rooms of the Cosmos Club are fea- tured by many a chat in which au- thoritative information from the ends of the earth, from the waters under the earth—nay, even from worlds whose distance from ours is measured in light-years—is proffered. That such interchange of thought is to be fo- cused in the stated meeting of a dis- tinet organization in which each spe- ciality will be thoroughly tolerant of and sympathetic with every other one represented is a cause of congratula- tion to every community which pos- sesses a constituent chapter. e So rapidly is the world now moving that even so recent and terrifying a calamity as the sinking of the Vestris soon fades into public forgetfulness. Only the grief-stricken continue to hold it in vivid memory. e It has been the good fortune of King George to prove to the world that, not- withstanding many pages of history and romance to the contrary, the life of a monarch is not necessarily tempestuous. —————————— 1t is no great surprise to learn that Buenos Aires has a large city’s usual quota of irresponsible persons who threaten indiscriminately but do no damage. A ———————— A little more than 25 years ago, the music halls were singing a song, “Shall ‘We Ever Be Able, Ever Be Able to Fly?"” It was supposed to be a very comical ditty. —————————— Civilization's swift mechanical pace has, according to statistics, convinced friend Santa Claus that a good accident insurance policy is one of the most desirable of Christmas gifts. R The Boulder Dam bill gives the United States Senate opportunity to emphasize the fact that a short session need not be one of inaction. ———one. A so-called epidemic usually consists of a few cases of some particular malady combined with a bad scare, the citizens of Washington had failed to bulld an airport. The disappoint- ment he voiced was over the lack of an airport in the Capital of the United States. And if there is disgrace in this lack, it is a national not a local dis- grace. As long as the Federal Gov- ernment expects the citizens of the District, alone and unaided, to build an airport conforming to the needs of the Capital of the Nation, just so long will the disgrace continue. If the unmet needs of the District are considered as deficits, the District is head-over-heels in debt right now, and consideration of further expenditures is out of the question, ‘The District Commissioners yesterday forwarded to Senator Capper their re- port on the Capper bill for the develop- ment of an airport at Gravelly Point. In this report they contend firmly that the expense should be borne equally by the District and the United States. The Budget Bureau's comment, to the effect that if all the funds were drawn from District of Columbia revenue the bill would not conflict with the President’s economy program, was inclosed. The District will now look to Senator Capper Senator Bingham and to its other friends on both sides of the Capitol to decide an equitable basis upon which to finance the airport, and to build onc as a fitting landing place for the aerial visitors from abroad who within a few years will be guests of the Nation. —ete. Recovery of $70,000 worth of gems stolen from Mme. Rappold, concert singer, is reported. The jewel robbery is still a reliable form of publicity, not always attended with as much risk as in this case, where the jewels were actually stolen. e The Warmth of the Torch. Dr. Burdette Ross Buckingham, na- tional president of the Association of Torch Clubs, recently addressed the newly formed and already thriving Washington chapter of this organiza- tion of professional men. In his talk he wisely emphasized the value and the necessity of tolerance on the part | of the learned professions and sciences | represented thercin one for the other. Just as Rotary has given leaders in one line of business a more sympathetic understanding and an appreciation of other and hitherto unfamiliar lines of commercial endeavor, so will this new cultural association make for an inter- change not only of information but also of perspective. It is undoubtedly true that single-hearted devotion to a certain line of scientific or professional endeavor is necessary if one is to suc- ceed therein. It is also undoubtedly true that such devotion tends often to make for a degree of narrow-minded- ness, and Dr. Buckingham's advice, given at the very outset, is worthy of deep and constant consideration. The college professor whose whole being is wrapped in Greek roots; the botanist who is convinced that a cer- tain genus, or even species, of plant ) SHODTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Surviving Memories. Strange tales are heard on every hand— Yet there is music through the land, ‘With songs of sentiment so sweet, 'Mongst rhythms marked by dancing feet. Strange tales of sorrow and distress— Their memories grow swiftly less; Eternal is the youthful lay Of Love that dances on his way. “You believe in the wisdom of the people?” < “Of course,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “A man who has heen elected as often as I have could not believe otherwise.” Jud Tunkins says a friend does not always give you his best advice. He is restrained ‘by fear of hurting your feel- ings. No Exemption. The stocks go up. The stocks go down. The skies will smile. The skies will frown. The Pleasures will give place to Care In Wall Street, same as anywhere. Misanthropy. “Why do you regard the average ar- | tist as a misanthrope?” “The pictures he draws of his fellow men,” answered Miss Cayenne, “can be accounted for only on the theory that he hates them.” “To give over to despair,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is to confess that you have become too indolent to face the task merely of living.” Joke of Jokes. A jest was contemplated long ago As nothing but a bit of idle chaff. The public now beholds a comic show And pays a million dollars for a laugh. “We likes to talk ’'bout things we don’t understand,” said Uncle Eben. “Maybe dat'’s why some poet hinted ’hout ignorance bein’ bliss.” e A Stitch in Time, Ete. From the Pitisburgh Post-Gazette. It is estimated that the average man uses 100 buttons per year, which gives no idea of the importance of the one that is lost. —ors So That's the Secret! From the Louisville Times. Prchibition is never going to become a pronounced success until the corn bellt is as prosperous as the Barleycorn belt. e e o He Didn’t Stay Long. From the Terre Haute Star. “Deadwood Dick” has paid a visit to Chicago, where sufficient police pro- tection presumably was provided agains. roving gunmen. ——rate— Hornsby “To Boots.” From the Toledo Blade. life. on which he is authority is the friendly step. Every solitary nation which hes signed or adhered 'l-‘- most important thing in the world; the paleontologist-explorer who has come BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington “Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it” (Proverbs, Z2iL.6). “A Sacred Privilege,” I have just laid down a little book written by a distinguished lawyer, the theme of which is his little grandson, 4 years old. The book was inspired by a great affection, and entirely apart om its recital of amusing and impres- sive incidents in which the philosophy of the child is set forth, it sounds a note concerning parental resnonsibility that is too little heeded today. To the mind of this devoted grandfather the most sacred privilege he has enjoyed has been that of giving the best that he has out of his wide experience and knowledge to the little lad in whom his affection is centered. The reading of the book would seem to suggest that the writer thinks that this form of service transcends all else. _ There is nothing in life after all as important as the opening and receptive mind of a little child. It is little wonder that the Great Master, when He called little children unto His , “Of such is the Kingdom of God.” The innocence, trustfulness and simplicity of a child constitute in themselves the supremest expression of all that is beautiful and worthwhile in life, Among other things that the devoted grandfather did was to imbue the mind of his little grandson with the carefully chosen and best things in literature. Very properly he believed that once given the taste for that which is most refined and uplift- ing, if would be cultivated and devel- oped in the after years. Entirely apart from_all this, he conceived it his loftiest duty to convey, in as simple language as possible, those great ideals of life enunciated by the Master of men. It is probably less fashionable in these modern days to emphasize what a great scientist has called “the imperatives of religion.” The fine things that con- tribute to ‘character are given scant heed, and in too many instances the cultivation of such refinements as are indispensable to life is committed to nurses and governesses. Obviously this may represent an exclusive mi- nority, but on the other hand we could but wonder as we rcad this choice book how many fathers and mothers are taking seriously that most solemn of all responsibilities—namely, the de- velopment in their children of those en- during principles that alone constitute their security and their peace. Deep solicitude for the physical development of our children is feit and a like co! Hoover Secludes Himself at Sea From Hungry Office Seekers BY WILLIAM HARD. ON BOARD . THE HOUSEBOAT AMITIE OFF PALO ALTO KEY, Fla. (by hydroplane to Miami), December 15—It seems to be the duty of all pa- triotic American millionaires at this week end to offer their Florida man- sions and palm trees and boathouses and boats and motor cars and airplanes to the President-elect for the holding of his Florida court here in the months of January and February. Or, rather, the offering has been done, and the choosing of the successful candidates or victims has been accomplished. This has been the task of Lawrence Richey, Mr. Hoover's right-hand man, confiden- tial agent, bosom friend, fishing com- panion, first lieutenant and lord high admiral. As admiral, Mr. Richey has accumu- lated two houseboats, a speedboat and a fishing boat wherein the President- elect may escape from the voracity of office seekers on shore to the more plegsing and gratifying appetites of the barracudas and tarpons and sailfish now cruising up and down the Florida coast between Miami and Key West. It seems to be calculated that thus Mr. Hoover will be almost as well se- cluded from the wisdom of uninvited and undesired advisers as if he were still In South America. His proximity to the United States will be from a cer- tain standpoint a mere illusion. Mr. Richey has even thoughtfully ar- ranged for an airplane which will pro- ceed from Miami to the Hoover fishing fleet, wherever it may be, and rapidly convey to the President-elect all his im- portant mail without any accompanying help from any boats left behind in the Miami Harbor, Aspirants to office will arrive at the Hoover fishing grounds hanging to the airplane or not at all. The land bese for this aquatic pre- presidential pursuit of political freedom will be the Belle Isle residence of Mr. J. C. Penney, owner of dry goods chain stores, promoter of co-operative owner- ship and co-operative management in industry and patron of agricultural scientific development and relief. Belle Isle is a small island lying in Biscayne Bay between the Miami main- land and the big long coral reef now known as Miami Beach and now cov- ered plentifully with rich homes and equally rich hotels: Secret Service Men on Guard. A causeway runs straight across Belle Isle from Miami to Miami Beach. This road furnishes the only access to Belle Isle by motor car or by foot. On the Penney side of this road a low wall is now being constructed. There will be only two gateways in this wall. Each will be guarded by a local uni- formed policeman. Backing these po- licemen, within the grounds, will be four secret service men from the Treas- ury Department. Their operations and maneuvers have heen precalculated and prearranged by Mr. Joseph Murphy, assistant chief of the secret service, now here for that purpose. The land side defenses, therefore, of the Hoover Florida fortress will be im- pregnable. They will lie along just a few yards of a single road. All the remaining boundsries and barriers of the place are sal. water. Persons en- deavoring to swim to office through this water will be met by barracuda, to whom it is nothing to tear off a limb at_one bite. Mr. Richey’s whole notion regarding the tastes of his chief seems to have been based on idcals of privacy and unostentatious retirement. Numerbus gigantic estates—baronial castles, grand ducal showplaces, enormous Southern modernized agricultural plantations and wonder lands—were dutifully and hos- pitably offered. They were with grati- tude declined. The Penney house— which has six bedrooms—was thought sufficient for the Hoover family. The Penney grounds, which are modest in extent but which are beautiful, with palms and semi-tropical flowering plants, were thought quite ample for Hoover's strolling needs and altogether tentially satisfactory to his Cali- ?:mlnn semi-tropical eye. ~Above all. the Penney property could be and will be readily and perfectly guarded against undue curiosity and unwelcome in- trusion. And it is next door to the house of Mr. Joseph Adams of New York, who owns the twin-screw house- boat Amitie, which will be the flagship of the Hoover angling navy. Equally Cut Off. The Adams property is on the same side of the Belle Isle causeway with the Penney property. It will be equally cut off from the world by the new low wall. The Amitie will lie at Mr. Adams’ dock, Capt. Otwell commanding, awaiting Mr. Hoover's reception of an inward call to the briny and fishy deep. It is not thought, however, that the Amitie will lie there much. She is more likely to be stationed pretty continuous- 1y some 40 or 50 miles southward along the slender coral reefs or keys which stretch like the elonzated vertebrae of a green sea moncter toward Key West and Hevana, Pre ly she will nestle A reunion of the players who have been traded for Rogers Hornsby would make a notable base ball :&mlu. tarry amid closs to Palo Alto Key, reminiscent of Hoover's California home. She will islands of dark-gresn man- | D. C, DECEMBER 16, cern is disclosed when we seek for them the preferred places in life. Wholly in- commensurate with these is the interest manifested in the right development and enrichment of their minds or, of more importance, a right development and enrichment of their souls. The writer of the little book cites an Instance where in a preparatory school of unusual distinction the head master asked the boys concerning some of the outstanding incidents recorded in the Bible. To quote his words, “The head master was shocked to find that more than half of them had never, before coming to the school, even held a Bible in their hands.”” We do not believe that the above is _an unusual citation. The Book of Books is in too many homes a sealed book. Its mighty precepts, its glowing characters, its supreme Master are too little known, and in the place of all this no sub- stitute is or can be furnished. Our schools may do much to stimulate ad- miration for that which is worthy and noble, but there has not been found in any institution, ancient or modern, an influence comparable to the home in which refinement, reverence and a consistent religious life are truly exem- plified. We know of no satisfaction that is deeper, no joy that is more compensafing than that which proceeds from molding and shaping the plastic clay of youth. Angelo never had a greater thrill from his sculptured model than we may get from giving form and fashion to the minds and hearts of those who constitute the treasures of our household. No matter what may come in the after years, no matter what rude forces may seek to undo the work we have done, nor, in- deed, what disappointments may’ seem to attend it, to know that strong foundations have been laid gives us the assurance that in the ultimate outworking of life’s plan, come what may, character will survive and victory be registered. ‘There is an insistent call today for a return to those old-fashioned, homely ways that in another generation con- tributed to the making and strength- ening of character. While mechanical devices of one kind and another have rendered our present age swift and col- orful, nothing thus far has been in- vented or conceived to take the place of high-minded, consecrated fathers and mothers. The world will go forward to better things only in so far as the homes of its people will permit. The old grandfather was right—"Train up a child the way he should go and when he is old he will not depart from it.” grove jungle and amid waters of milky green and bronzed purple shifting shades. A boat dedicated to being a speedster will then carry the President- elect in fast time from the Adams dock to_the Amitie’s comfort and leisure. It is a safe guess that many an eve- ning and night will Mr. Hoover spend on the Amitie on the lee side of a Florida key with two or three Republi- can party chieftains exchanging views on policles and on cabinet secretary- ships and assistant secretaryships. Mr. Richey has engagingly provided for the newspaper correspondents and telegraphers the most efficient possible facilities in these circumstances. The gatherers and disseminators of the news will occupy for business purposes three highly convenient rooms in structures on the Adams property, with a fine second story open air porch virtually projecting over the Biscayne Bay waters. There, with the fresh breezes fanning their cheeks and with pencils in their hands, they can gaze steadily in the direction in which the Amitie will be known to be situated. Within a few feet of them, however, to break their monotony, there will be the “executive wing” of the President-elect’s Florida White House. (Copyright. 1928.) -——t Senate to Take Up Labor Injunctions ) BY HARDEN COLFAX. Forces whose viewpoints are as far apart as the poles of the earth are due to come to oratorical grips next week at a scheduled meeting of a subcom- mitgee of the Senate committee on the judiclary to begin hearings on a bill designed to limit the jurisdiction of Federal courts in issuing injunctions in cases involving labor disputes. The measure seeks to declare a legislative policy assuring to workers the right of collective bargaining and otherwise act- ing in concert, peaceably. Should Congress pass this bill, drafted by the subcommittee as a substitute for another measure on which extensive hearings were held last, Spring, Feder- al courts would be forbidden to issue injunctions in a wide range of cases such as: Refusing to work, or “striking”; Paying, or withholding, a strike or unemployment benefit; Giving publicity to a labor dispute by advertising, speaking, patrolling or any other method not involving fraud or violence: Aiding, lawfully, any person involved | in a court action; Assembling, peaceably, a labor dispute; Notifying others of intention to do any of these acts: Agreeing with others as to these acts; Urging, without fraud or violence, any of these acts. Also, the courts would be permitted to issue injunctions, excepting in cases of actual violence or in a few other circumstances, only after open hearing on the facts, and an appeal to the Cir- cult Court of Appeals would be pro- vided with Instructions to expedite a review. In cases of contempt, growing out of an injunction, a jury trial would be necessary, unless the contempt were committed in the presence of the court. Passage of this bill, if it were upheld by the courts as valid, would deal a se- vere blow to “company unions,” and to so-called “yellow-dog contracts” where- in employes agree when accepting em- ployment that they will not join a union, for the measure specifically pro- vides such contracts are not enforce- able by injunction. Neither capital nor labor may be ex- pected to be satisfled with the substi- tute bill on which hearings are sched- uled to open Tuesday. The original measure in the present Congress would have prohibited injunctions to protect property excepting where there was no remedy at law and would have defined property as those things which are “tangible and transferable.” Naturally, this caused objections from important sources. which otherwise might not have entered the picture. The sub- committee’s substitute boils down to the subject of injunctions in labor disputes, provides for injunctions in these when there is no “adequate” remedy at law, and seeks to avoid a definition of prop- erty. Yet that question of “what is prop- erty?” promises to continue to be a very live issue in the rencwed hearings. Physical violence can be done only to those things which are physical, but (he question is raised immediately whether property can be confined to the phy- sical. Is property an animate or in- animate object, such as a horse or a chair, or is it the right to possess, en- joy and transfer the horse cr the chair? The right to enjoy, or use, the object might be impaired withou: any violence whatsoever to the physical ob- ject itself. So argue those who oppos: a restriction of the powers of the cour Fundamentally, there is a fine con- in regard to to organize 1998—PART 9. Capital Sidelights President Coolidge started something the other day when he suggested that a Summer or vacation home should be provided for the President. Senator Fess is now drafting such a bill and Representative. Woodrum of Virginia has asked the House committee on pub- lic buildings and grounds, of which he is a member, to give early consider- ation to a joint resolution he has intro- duced for the establishment of sueh an auxiliary White House in Virginia. The President called attention that: “Three or four years ago some thoughtful-minded person left a legacy of $200,000, which I should judge would have been ample to provide a place of this kind within 60 or 75 miles of Wash- ington. It had a proviso that it should be accepted by Congress. I did not give the matter any thought at the time and the Congress never paid any attention to it. Had it been accepted, a country house would now be available.” Search in the Congressional Record discloses that in 1923 that matter was brought to the attention of the Senate. The Senate received a letter from the President showing that the will of J. Wilson Leakin of Baltimore, Md., con- tained a bequest of $200,000 “to buy land and erect a Summer White House for the use of the President within au- tomobiling distance of Washington, such legacy being contingent upon acceptance b Congress within 18 months from the death of the testator.” The letter was referred to the committee on public buildings and grounds of the Senate, but no action was taken and, of course, the time limit having expired, the lega- cy has lapsed. Inasmuch as President Coolidge sug- gested that in case of action being taken the home should be located with- in 75 miles of Washington, there is al- ready a discussion of the matter in Maryland and Virginia. In reply to an inquiry, Representative Moore, who rep- resents the nearest Virginia district to ‘Washington, says that he has not of- fered, nor has he thought of offering, any bill at this time, although he had heard of one or two localities in his district being mentioned as suitable. “There is no doubt,” he stated, “that in the country lying between Washington and the Blue Ridge Mountains, which includes several counties of the eighth Virginia district, there are various points meeting all the requirements in respect to accessibility, climate and beauty of scenery ‘Three of the Presi- dents—Washington, Madison and Mon- roe—in the early days had homes in that territory, to which they frequently resorted during the Summer and at other times, and the fourth—Jeffer- son—had such a home at Monticello, which is in the adjoining district. From the health point of view they must have found conditions pretty satisfac- tory. Those Presidents lived to an aver- age age of more than 75 years, the youngest at his death being Washing- ton, who was 57, and the oldest being Madison, who was 86. Monroe reached the age of 77 and Jefferson 83. * ok ok ¥ Representative Vestal of Indiana, the Republican whip of the House, who has been a member of Congress for 12 years, got lost in the Capitol Building during the past week, when he was trying to find his way through a labyrinth of corridors in an infrequently visited part of the building to the joint committee on the library. e Representative “Dick” Elliott, whose name will be emblazoned on the tablets of Washingtonians' memory because of his leadership in the extensive program now under way for development apd embellishment of the Capital City, ish't a raving beauty, and frankly admits it, even though he has one of the most genial and jovial countenances in all Congress. But when he was a mere youth “Dick” was so dissatisfied with the “looks” of the gentleman after whom he was named that he deliberate- ly changed his own name. He was christened ~ “Richard Horace,” the “Horace” being in honor of Horace Greeley. One day after he had reached the age of reason, young “Dick"” saw a picture of Horace Greeley and was not at all pleased with his looks. He pro- ceeded forthwith to the family Bible, hunted up his birth record there and taking ont his jack-knife cut out the name “Horace" and wrote in “Nash,” which was his grandfather’s name. Since then he has been known as Richard N. Elliott. He still treasures the Bible which is mute evidence of his youthful self-determination. o More “Wilderness” Areas Named by Government From the Canton Daily News. The Government continues to set aside what it designates as “wilderness” areas. These are tracts distinguished for their natural beauty and as yet untouched by the despoiling hand of man. The natural forest conditions in these lands should be preserved both for scientific and recreational purposes. It is this end toward which the Depart- ment of Agriculture is working. There are already upward of 40 such tracts in the Rocky Mountain forest district. Parts of the national forests of Colorado, Wyoming, Minnesota and South Dakota are included. Millions of acres comprise the reservations. Na motor roads will be built in the wilderness areas. That means no hot- dog stands, signboards or filling stations to mar the natural grandeur of the cotntry. In many cases these wild spots, preserved in their original state, will be accessible only afoot or on horse- back. None will penetrate into the territory except true nature lovers, and they can be depended upon to respect the motive which is responsible for the establishment of the wilderness areas, These secluded sanctuaries will be far more virgin than the national parks with their hotels, motor roads and other trappings of civilization. The primeval forests will be protected against the human touch. The public will be per- mitted to enjoy them to the utmost, but commercialization will be banned. 1t is difficult to realize the full sig- nificance of the wilderness areas while the open spaces are still, for those who care to seek them, fairly plentiful. A few decades or a generation hence, with the frontiers of civilization still spreading, America crowded in the cit- fes will bless this thoughtfulness. ———————— At Least That Often. From the Indianapolis Star. Trotsky has been made the basis of a European drama and to get the proper realism it will have to report him killed in _every this “anti-injunction” bill. That ques- tion is, has the legislative branch of the Government the power to restrict the authority of the judicial branch? The power of Congress to impeach a Federal judge for maladministration is clear, but able lawyers are prepared to argue that Congress cannot abridge the power of a judge when it is exer- cised without abuse, Organized labor is anxjous to have the injunctive power of the courts curbed because it is charged that this power has been stretched to lengths never contemplated by the fathers of the country. Injunc@ons, say the labor leaders, are government by men rather than government by law. Outstanding cases of injunctions in labor disputes lm;e been placed in the committee rec- ords. In the railroad shopmen’s strike of 1922, nearly 300 injunctions were is- sued by Federal courts. In 1927, more than 600 injunctions were issued by the courts in labor disputes. The first injuction of this character was handed down in the eighties and since then thelr use has grown steadily. This legislative battle over injunc- tions is no new thing. There was a serrious move in this direction in Con- gress in 1908. But the present effort to attsmpt to solve the problem, which labor claims is annulling the benefits which the Clayton act sought to be- w upon organizations of workers, being pushed with mora determina- ilon than any of its predecessors, and the subject was discussed widely during the recent presidential campaign. (Copyright, 1928.) XYLOSE—A NEW CHEMICAL. BY FREDERIC J. HASK If any one present can suggest a use for xylose, the United States Bureau of Standards would be glad to have him step forward. Xylose? Don't know what xylose is? Well, neither did any one else until quite recently. The Bureau of Standards constantly is looking around in search of wayward by-products. Nothing, to the scientific side of Uncle Sam’s mind, is useless. Not even peanut shells. Figuratively speaking, Uncle Sam reached down one day while sitting in the bleachers at a ball game—or was it under the big top at a circus?—and picked up a peanut shell. He hated to see the peanut shell being trampled into the dust and deter- mined to find some useful work for it to beguile its declining yeags. He found xylose. Patient laboratory work had resulted in the recovery of this hitherto un- known chemical. It is a sort of sugar, but different from any other heretofore discovered. The ose family is a chemi- cal family of sugars. Cellulose, sucrose, | levulose and various other oses have been discovered and put to use, but the arrival of the little stranger who has been named xylose has raised-as much of a problem as the arrival of a little stranger in any household. Just what little xyl will be when he grows u) is a matter of conjecture. . But already the Bureau of Standards is looking around for a job for him. It is an interesting fact that scientists search indefatigably for some new sulb- stance and then have to search just as hard to find something to do with it. Xylose today is described by the scientists of the bureau as merely a museum specimen. The time and money expended upon discovering the sub- stance might, from fnere surface ex- amination, appear of no avail. But there is good pretedent to contradict that. It is to be remembered that aniline remained in precisely the same category for quite some time. Aniline was discovered as one of approximately a thousand by-products of coal tar, but no one knew what to do with it. There was not a soul on earth who felt an insatiable longing for a bit of aniline. ‘There was no market. Aniline, too, was merely a museum specimen. But today aniline is the principal basis of dyes and of coloring for food products. It is made and sold in vast quantities and has returned millions in profits to its exploiters. Aluminum once was in the same position. ~Discovered more or less by chance, it remained a sort of scientific foundling. Today the Aluminum Co. of America is one of the country's greatest and most prosperous corpora- tions and every housewife has alum- inumware in her kitchen. A Use Will Be Found. So the scientists who found xylose in peanut shells are not a bit downheart- ed. Xylose may revolutionize some- thing or other sooner or later. An odd thing about the substance is that it has a price although no one has any use for it. Xylose is quoted at $101 a pound. The business is a rather re- stricted one, with less activity than in probably any other' business in the world just at present. The only pur- chasers are experimenters who want it for laboratory researches into its poten- tial usefulness. They buy it from other laboratories which have recovered it from the peanut shells. However, the bureau is not working entirely in the dark in looking for a use for xylose. It knows that xylose is sweet to the taste and therefore has a potential use as a sugar substitute. They also know that it can be nitrated and used as an ingredient of explosives. Further, it appears to have an opening in paint manufacture and in tanning and dyeing. Fifty Years Ago In The Star ‘The origin of the automatic sprin- | kling system, designed as a method of A . checking fires in large utomatic establishments and now i common use in tl Sprinkler. country, is thus describ- ed in The Star of December 10, 1878: “A form of sprinkler has been de- vised and put into some of the New England cotton mills, which it is thought will- solve the great fire-extinguishing problem of putting the water exactly where it is needed. To get at the fire Is the great aim, and a small quantity of water thrown directly on burning materials is generally sufficlent. The ordinary sprinklers placed over the ceiling of rooms and mills in fac- tories through which water can be forced in case of fire on the blaze be- neath have not been entirely satisfac- tory. The apertures of the pipes have filled with dust and lint and when needed have frequently proved inoper- ative. At other times a whole building has been drenched and goods damaged by reason of a slight fire in a single room or at the mere suspicion of fire through lack of coolness and judgment on the part of the man who opened the valves. The possibilities of both these annoyances are removed by the automatic sprinkler. The holes in the pipes are covered by metallic caps fas- tened by a solder which melts at 155 degrees Fahrenheit. The clogging of the pipe with dust is thus prevented and when a fire occurs the solder melts and the water is let down where it will do the most good, and nowhere else.” * * % Whenever James G. Blaine was sched- uled to address the Senate 50 years 2 he dr Blaine Draws crowd, so great was crowd, so great was a Big Crowd. his reputation as a political speaker. The Star of December 11, 1878, thus describes the scene enacted that day in the upper house of Congress on such an occasion: “Senator Blaine made his anticipated speech on the resolution for an investi- gation of the recent elections, in the Senate this afternoon. At 10 o'clock in the morning crowds of ladies and gentlemen began to pour into the Sen- ate galleries and an hour before the Vice President opened the session scarcely a seat in any but the diplomat- ic gallery could be found. There the benches were empty and no one was allowed to enter except an attache of the sergeant-at-arms office. For a long time the doorkeepers of the ladies’ gal- lery tried to keep the fair ones from sitling in the aisles, but the attempt was futile. A bad example in this re- spect was set by the families and friends of the Senators in their own semi-select little gallery and the effect of the crowd- ing was contagious. Every nook and cran- ny was filled to overflowing. As the time of the morning hour, 1 p.m., approach- ed, a few members of the foreign le- gations entered the diplomatic gallery. There were Secretary Evarts and his daughters; H. Lendercoone, the Danish Minister; Capt. Gore Jones of the Brit- ish navy and Mrs. Gore Jones and several attaches. “The scene on the floor greatly resembled one of the interesting days during the sessions of the electoral com- mission. It would be .impossible to name the crowd of Representatives who sat upon extra chairs or sofas and filled the standing room between the walls and the Senators’ desks in the chamber. Chairs were also placed in the space immediately in front of the Vice President's desk. Several irrev- erent spectators on the floor of the chamber seated themselves on the car- pet_at the head of the main aisle. “Nearly every Senator was present, nearly all of them, with one exception, paying the closest attention to the speaker. The solitary exception was Mr. Conkling, who sat at his desk and busily wrote in a letter book during ihe entire time of the speaker’s delivery. Mr. Blaine was in llent trim f speaking. He read his remarks in a clear and distinct tone, which penetrat- od every portion of the g For use in tanning and dyeing xylose must first go through a further process of manufacture, which turns it into an acid. This acid has a long, technical name which it is scarcely worth while to reproduce here. It has been given, for convenience, the short name of tri- oxiglutaric acid. Looking at the matter from a very mundane point of view, one is greatly impressed by the fact that xylose has an integrity and self-composure rarely found. It is absolutely indigestible. It is harmless as an ingredient of food, bu. has no food value whatever. It contributes not a_vestige of nutriment to the system. Yet it is sweet to the taste. Candy is a food product in very great demand in the world: especially {in_the United States since prohibition. The lives of a good many persons are saddened, however, becaus not indulge their liking for s out accumulating an uncomely of avoirdupois. This is caused by the chemical effects of the ordinary sugar used. Now if a candy can be produced which can assuage-the sweet tooth and at the same time add no additional burden to the weighing scales, a long- felt want will have been met. Presum- ably there will be more room on the streets, in department stores’ aisles and at bridge parties, even though justas many people are present. And lap dogs will be healthier and not waddle so much like overloaded ocean-going tramps. A Negative Sugar. When the Bureau of Standards dis- covered this strange chemical sugar it got in touch with confectionery manu- facturers and they are showing much interest in it. In their own laboratories they are experimenting to determine how the substance can be practically used as a sweetening element in their | product. In the medicinal field it is believed that xylose may prove useful. A con- tributing cause of diabetes is sugar. Us> of indigestible xylose as a substiture might reduce the incidence of the malady. No direct curative properties are claimed for it. It is a purely nega- tive quantity when taken into the sys- tem, the only purpose it serves being the sweetening of the palate. Still another use being studied relates to the sweetening of soft drinks. Vast amounts of sugar are consumed in the manufacture of soft drinks and per- sons susceptible to ill effects from sugar are affected by soft drinks as they are by candy. As In the case of so many chemicals and substitutes, the large problem is economical production. As a practical experiment to determine the feasibility of manufacturing xylose on a commer- cial scale, the bureau is constructing a factory at Anniston, Ala. There costs of production will be carefully studied and the results made known to the in- dustries interested. The supply of pea- nut shells is large. Suffolk, Va., is the peanut center of the world, and if the bureau's work is successful and sufficient demand can be found, it is likely a factory will be erected there. Very large quantities of peanuts are shelled at factories where salted peanuts are put up in packages for retail dis- tribution. Such factories, the bleach- ers and circus tents presumably will be the big sources of raw material. How chemicals as well as many other things get their names is always a mat- ter for interesting conjecture. Once upon a time such a query was put to Mark Twain. How did things first get their names—the elephant, for in- stance? Mark Twain replied that the elephant was called an elephant because somehow it looked like an elephant. It may be assumed that xylose was so named because it looked like xylose. Of course, there may be other reasons. This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. The ideal Christmas present for “him"—if a cat—is a platter of raw beef. The ideal present for “her"—if a cat —is a platter of raw beef. With these two selections—strangely enough, one and the same thing—the friend of cats can rest assured that his pet is receiving exactly the present it likes the best. Tom and Tabby will get all there is to be gotten out of a feline Christmas when they hunker down before their plates of beefsteak. The attitude of the cat while eating is a pleasant one. His head and tail are outstretched, his paws before him, touching the dish, his stomach dragging the ground. He delicately sniffs the feast, then dips his mouth. downward, taking a bite or two on his pink tongue, whence it is sent on its journey with a touch or two of the molars. Cats, like dogs, almost swallow their meat whole. Varying with the intensity of their hunger, or the situation in which they eat, tey give a few chews or none at all. Often if a cat is eating in a strange place, where he must keep a lookout for enemies, he will eat his food with the minimum number of swallows. * ok Kk % A bowl of half milk and cream is al- ways an acceptable Christmas present for a cat. Everything, however, de- pends upon the individual. Some cats greedily lap up milk and cream, while others merely sniff it in plain disgust. Some enjoy it as food, others regard it as drink. If you pro= pose to give your cat cream for a pres- ent, first be sure it genuinely enjoys cres1. This same rule, of course, applies for all feline presents. We did not think it necessary to state it in connection with Beef, since practically all of the tribe prefer it to iny other food. Many cat owners think their pets like liver the best, and it is true that many cats will eat good beef liver in prefer- ence to roundsteak, but we believe that nine cats out of ten will like beefsteak the best if given the chance. The chance, it may be added, is sim« ply the opportunity to become acquaint- {ed with beefsteak. Many cats never have tasted it, and are suspicious of it when first offered. * Kok K ‘When one leaves the realm of food- stuffs. he limits remarkably his choice of feline presents. Perhaps the best gift remaining is & catnip mouse. This is enjoyed especially by the average cat if it has not had one for a long time. The best way to present this gift to the pet is to carelessly place it in one’s lower right-hand vest pocket. Taking the animal on the lap. you carelessly stroke the creature on the head, saying “Nice Kitty, nice kitty!" The nice kitty then gives a vigorous Wwhiff at random, following which it be< gins to poke its nose into the pocket. The ceremony of pulling the stuffed flannel “mouse” out of its box by the lnltl is tremendously interesting to the cat. Held tantalizingly aloft for a second, the mouse is then thrown to the floor, where the fun begins. Catnip itself makes a neat cat prese ent. One must not expect the house= hold friend to go into any undue ane tics. This is a very modern age, and the cats are modern too. Sophisticated cats will play with cat= nip mice—for awhile—and roll a bit in the loose catnip, but they will soon tire of the one and give up the other. B Sometimes They Prove Fatal. From the Olean Herald. All drafts cause shivering. And this is especially true of overdrafts. ————s Yet, Razors Are Safe. Prom the Butte Daily Post. Police report William Shave's bear= skin l:"nn-the closest shave we ever .