Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 24, 1957, Page 14

Inter - American News for English- Speaking people “4th YEAR For a better understanding between the Americas G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio ‘Ruiz Managing Editor c. W. Vice President Fred: M. Shaver Business Manager ‘H Ss. SMITH Letts Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez dvt. & Circ. Mgr. Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla., on February 8, 1956, EDITORIAL ‘ FREEDOM OF PRESS IN CUBA “Since February 26 there is freedom of expres- sion in Cuba”, declared during a brief stop in Miami the President of the Inter American Press Associa- tion, doctor Guillermo Martinez Marquez. However, the illustrious journalist added with emphasis: newspapermen, are not : “we, satisfied, because when suspension of constitutional guarantees was renewed for 45 more days, among the articles in the suspen- sion is N° 33, which refers to press freedom. Al- though President Batista officially promised IAPA that censorship would not be re-established, we believe that the right, thing to do would be to put into effect Article 33 of the Constitution. Then, and only then, we would be satisfied.” As he made the statements for THE AMERI- CAS DAILY, doctor Martinez Marquez, who besides being IAPA’s President is the Editor of “El Pais of Havana, declared that the President of the Re- public had promised the Inter America Press Association to study the exclusion of Article 33 from those now under suspension. There is no visible reason for not proceeding with such exclusion, since the suspension, now in force, of article 33 has not been used by the Govern- ment since Feb. 26, and not even during the serious events of the attack on the Presidential Palace, press censorship was re-established. It seems, there- fore, that the logical and democratic thing to do would be that President Batista resolves as soon as possible to put back in force article 33 of the Cuban Constitution, which consecrates freedom of the press in the country. The regime is not being benefited by that sus- pension—in case that some positive benefit could be obtained from it—and, on the contrary, it greatly harms it, in and out of the country. President Ba- tista must have had this in mind, surely, when he promised IAPA to study the exclusion of the men- tioned constitutional provision from the suspension of individual guarantees. The Cuban Press, which enjoys a well earned prestige in America, has ample rights to operate within constitutional normality, at least concerning respect for the free expression of thought. The press freedom existing now in Cuba is a fact, because the Executive Power tolerates it; but, technically, it is not a right, because Article 33 of the Constitution, which consecrates such freedom, is not in force. The restoration of the constitutional precept which establishes the necessary freedom of the press in that sister nation of America, would contribute much to the normalization of the Cuban situation, if only for what, symbolically, it would represent. Pan Americanism WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — Aware of it or not, all of us have benefited from Pan Amerian- ism since the United States and the Latin American republics consider it the basis of individual and na- tional behavior in the Western Hemisphere. The essence of Pan American- ism was contained in the proclama- tion of President Eisenhower urg- ing all citizens and interested or- ganizations to observe Pan Ameri- can Day, April 14, and Pan Ameri- ean Week, April 8-14, “in testi mony of the steadfast friendship which unites the people of the|’ United States with the people of __, thé American Republics.” Although the Organization of American States (OAS), which re- presents the 21 American repub- lies, and its secretariat, the Pan American Union, are the symbols of the Hemispheric movement, the underlying reality of Pan Amer- inanism consists of simple ideas which have been put into everyday practice. Foremost among these ideas is the belief that the people of the Americas despite cultural differen- ces and boundaries, represent a united community of 340,000,000 persons interested in working to- safeguard peace and achive pros- perity. Besides creating a secure atmo- sphere of friendship which ensures good neighbors on every frontier and making the music, art, litera- ture dances and customs of one country readily available to all others, Pan Americanism pays off Practically to John Q. Citizen in: 1, Outlawing war in the Western Hemisphere. We may worry about fighting in Europe or the Far East but the possibility of campaigning in the Americas does not even oc- cur to us. 2. Securing allies in times of is a Way of Life stress. From the viewpoint of the United States, the belief in cooperation and mutual assistance fostered by Pan Americanism prov- ed invaluable in World War II. The Good Neighbors fought side by side in Europe and the Pacific and Latin America furnished 75 per cent of the raw materials im- ported during the war years by the United States. Also, at the present time, of a total of 77 strategic ma- terials listed for stockpiling in this country, 30 are supplied by the Latin American republics, 3. Guaranteeing his job security Annual overall trade between the United States and Latin America totals almost $8,000,000,000 (b). Included in this enormous ex- change of products are all United States manufactured goods, from truck and passenger cars to ball- point pens. Jobs in every industrial center of the United States de- pendent directly on trade with Lat- in America number many hundreds of thousands. Peace and prosperity are the tan- gible benefits of the Pan American way of life, ‘ They are the bounty that accrue to every citizen when the 21 Ameri- can republics and their people put into practice the belief that they are members of a Hemispheric community, united in the Organiza- tion of American States, which considers the well-being of one na- tion the concern of all others, PANAMA AIR LINE APPLIES TO CAB FOR MIAMI ROUTE WASHINGTON (UP)— A Civil Aeronautics Board hearing has been set for April 11 on the appli- cation of ‘Compafiia Panamefia de Aviacién” for a route between Pa- nama and Miami, en hearing ex- aminer Ferdinand Moran said to- HAIL THE PRINCESS — At- tractive Andrea Anderson, of Oca- la, senior at Holton Arms School here, is the new Florida cherry Blossom Princess. She is now a candidate for the title of Cherry Blossom Queen. She is a “brownet- te,” five feet six, a member of the Walter Reed Swim team, hotest group of girl swimmers in the world. Congratulations, HALEY WAS FIRST — The whole story about Congress send- ing the budget back to the White House hasn’t been told. The record will show that it was Congressman Jim Haley’s idea — but other members of the House took credit for it. On February 21, Haley in- PENDLETON for this action. After the usual “whereases” his resolution read: “Resolved. . .that the President is requested to submit to the Con- gress not later than April 15, 1957, specific recommendations in the form of budget amendments, as to where and in what amounts eco- nomies are to be effected, so as to reduce the expenditures requested for fiscal year 1958 not to exceed $60 billion.” This resolution was referred to the Committee on Government Operations — which amounted to sticking it in a deep freeze cabinet. On top of that, Speaker Sam Ray- burn (advocate of big spending) bawled out Haley and accused him of introducing the resolution just to get attention: called him a dema- gogue. Three weeks later, Haley’s reso- lution came to the attention of Majority Leader McCormick. By that time, the Democrats were hunting an “out” and this looked like a good one. The party leader- ship reversed itself and backed Ha- ley’s plan. But, when the resolution finally was passed by the House, it was a watered-down version of Haley’s original resolution — and it carried the name of Congress- man Clarence Cannon, Missouri, Chairman of the Appropriations Committee. HAVE A CIGAR — Newest addi- tion to the office of Congressman Bill Cramer is a priceless looking inlaid cigar humidor. It holds eight boxes of cigars and takes up the entire top of a small table by his desk, It was hand-made of 12 dif- ferent kinds of wood in Cuba and was presented to the Congressman ‘by the Cigar Manufacturers Asso- ciation of Tampa. Also it contains only the finest cigars. Made in Tampa. FLORIDA BOOSTER — In town this week was old friend Winslow Chesley, special representative for the Hollywood Beach Hotel. He at- tended the annual meeting of the Trade Association Executives. Pur- pose : urging them to hold their annual meetings in Florida — and the Hollywood Beach Hotel, of course. It’s this kind of inten- sive promotional work that is mak- ing the country more and more “Florida minded.” In spite of the fair weather here — Chesley made everybody feel that it was even bet- ter in Florida. (Picked up a couple of conventions, too). TOBACCO HEARINGS — Mark this date: March 25, 9:00 A. M., Suwannee County Court House, Live Oak. Occasion: Senate hearing on proposed “acreage-poundage” tobacco control bills. Setting up the hearing is Senator Spessard Holland, member of the: Agricul- ture Committee. Also scheduled to be on hand that day is Senator W. Kerr Scott, of North Carolina. All interested groups will be heard. BATTER UP — Here is the base- ball spring training schedule for the Democrats and Republicans: Daytona Beach, April 22 to 26. (Easter recess) Big exhibition game, Thursday, 25th. Congress- man Syd Herlong again manager for the Democrats; Congressman Thor Tolleson for the Republicans. All are guests of the Daytona Beach Chamber of Commerce. This is a warm up for the annual charity game in Washington in June. day, The hesring was set after a pre- hearing conference this morning at the Commerce Department, accord- ing to. Moran. Theodore I. Seamon represented the Panama airline. Moran said that no opposition to the application was anticipat- ed, since the airline did not ask for intermediate stopping _ points, which he said might have given ye to opposition from other car- ers. troduced a Joint Resolution calling | ‘ MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, MARCH 24, 1957 LOOKING OVER THE ITINERARY before departing on a good will and trade tour of the Caribbean, are in the photo, from left to right, Tim Sullivan, Community Services Director of the Florida Power and Light Company; Miami’s Mayor, Hon, Randall N. Christmas; and Richard Wolfson, executive of TV Station WTVJ. The distinguished travelers will spend two weeks visiting Venezuela, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and other islands of the Caribbean, — (Photo PAA) ‘ Latin America needs plenty of hard currencies, particularly U. S. dollars, and of capital goods to stabilize its balance of payments, stimulate its economy, and en- courage its industrial development, The credits, private or govern- mental, that the Latin American nations obtain in this country, while under certain circum- stances solving immediate pro- blems, do not become a permanent part of the nation’s assets since they imply repayment within a set period of time, and also require the payment of interests, re- gardless of the results of their eco- nomic application. Private capital investments are, therefore, from this point of view, more advantageous than credits, for the obtention of dollar ex- change and development of their respective economies. Inasmuch as the Latin American economy of- fers a wide margin for develop- ment, any investments there made not only benefit the receiving countries but also, to a high de- gree, the investors and the nation wherefrom they. eome. When the investment comes from a country industrially as highly developed as the United States, it contributes also its tech- nical ability and the experience re- quired to determine which are the industries that offer in each in- stance and country the best eco- nomic results, avoiding those not offering good prospects. U. S. capitals invested abroad, in stimulating the economies of the nations receiving them, and in creating wealth as previously in- dicated, also open new markets for United States products, which WASHINGTON PANORAMA U. S. Private Investments in Latin America Particularly in the Argentine Republic By Dr. JORGE MORENO, JR., Economic Counselor, Argentine Embassy ed abroad due to the world’s lack of dollars. That is why it is good for the U. S. Government to stimulate in- vestments of private U. S. funds in the countries of Latin America, as in addition to the réasons stated in the preceeding paragraph, these investments, in stimulating the de- velopment of the economies of the Latin American nations, and in strengthening them, reduce the need for governmental aid on the part of this country, Logically, investors look for en- couraging conditions before de- ciding to take a portion of. their assets to a foreign country. The Republic of Argentina of- fers excellent opportunities for U.S .investments. In the first place, it presents a picture of «stability and institutional security. _Who- ever invests money there can be sure that he will have all the guar- anties of the Law, with no diseri- minations of-any kind. Investors have ample guaranties in Argentina for forwarding their dividends, which is made with no complications in the free market. This has been definitely and per- manently established. As far as advantages offered investors we ean mention, among others, the importation of machinery as part of their capital investment, and of raw materials not obtainable in Argentina free of import duties. However, the U. S. Legislation contains a hindrance to such in- vestments abroad, which this very same government tries to promote. Such a hindrance lies in the Ame- rican tax system. The Argentine Republic only imposes income taxes on profits or income earned within its territory. today are only with difficulty plac- START DIRECT FLIGHTS MEXICO-LOS ANGELES MEXICO CITY (UP)— A group of 25 government officials and journalists from California arriv- ed from Los Angeles aboard the inaugural flight of the new super 7C planes recently acquired by Compafiia Mexicana de Aviacién. Passengers also include a group of Mexican officials and newsmen returning to México after a two- day visit to California. A company official said each of the four new 7C planes will make the México'City-Los Angeles flight in four hours 45 minutes. Mexican officials returning on the trip are Dr. Francisco Billa- gran, head of the tourist bureau; Rafael Murillo Vidal, Postmaster General, and Antonio Franco, head of the International Division of the Dept. of Civil Aeronautics. HARBOR DEVELOPMENT MEXICO CITY (UP)— Harbor development in the Pacific Coast port of Mazatlan will be complet- ed before the end of the month, Navy Secretary Vice Admiral Ro- berto Gomez Maqueo said, | The three-year- program costing The United States, on the other HEMISPHERIC EVENTS ————— close to $5,000,000 (US) includes construction of several breakwat- ers, warehouses and installation of new navy shops. These projects were begun in 1954 as part of the National Mari- time Development program. MEXICAN AIR ROUTES ARE ALLOCATED WASHINGTON (UP)— The United States has informed Méxi- Co of the three U S. airlines that will serve five routes between thi top countries, the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) announced, The United States and México signed a bilateral air transport agreement earlier this month after 11 years of negotiations. The agree- ment, effective June 5, 1957, until June 30, 1959, provides for ser- vice between American and Mexi- can cities by U. S. airlines over seven different routes. The agreement states not more than one U, S. carrier can serve each route. Cab said hearings to select a carrier to serve the profitable New York-Washington- Mexico City route will-be resumed March 26. \ hand, imposes income and corpora- tion taxes on profits or income earned by its citizens or its capital, whether their origin be within the territory of the United States or abroad. C. Randall, in his book “Foreign Economic Policy for the United States,” page 30, states: “At pre- sent, income earned by investments abroad, pays the same tax as in- vestments made in the United States, and efforts to avoid double taxation by allowing deductions for taxes paid abroad, have not been entirely successful. The real incentive would be a reduction to corporations in sufficient amounts to stimulate the flow of their capital abroad. The Com- mission for’ a Foreign Economic Policy has reccommended that the tax reduction to corporations be of at least 14 per cent.” Such ‘a reduction, or exemption, of taxes would not be discriminat- ory against American capital which remains within the territory of the United States, since the capital which emigrates does not receive any services from the U. S, Govern- ment, The liberal tax system in effect in Argentina does nothing to favor the investment of U. S. capital in the country since, paradoxically, the lower the taxes paid abroad, the higher the taxes to be paid in the United States by income derived from investments abroad. If the above mentioned tax re- form was made in the United States, there is no doubt that the flow of capital abroad would be encouraged. This would contribute to the stabilization of the econo- mies of the Latin American coun- tries. The hearings were suspended in 1954, pending the outcome of the negotiations. P * Airlines designated already Western, between Los Angels and México City via intermediate points in the. United States; East- ern, between New Orleans and Mé- xico City; and Pan American World Airways over three routes that it is already serving with tem- porary permission of the Mexican Government. Another profitable route, the Chicago-México City non-stop, or via Dallas and or San Antonio, has not been awarded to any carrier, the CAB said. It announced that Braniff and. American, two air lines that “now serve the Chicago- San Antonio route, and the Chica- go-Dallas route, will present oral argument before the board April 18 for right to serve the non-stop Chicago-México City run. HUGE HYDROELECTRIC. PROJECT IN PERU YAUPI BAJO, Peri (UP)— Ro- bert Koenig, President of the Ce- rro de asco Corporation, said his company is studying a huge hy- Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 214 | Pan American Economic Block, Suggests Head of Mexican Industry Group MEXICO, March 28 (UP) — Taking into consideration the pre- sent world economic tendencies, the Mexican organized forces deem convenient the creation of a Pan American Economic Block, accord- ing to statements made by Anto- nio Arellano Mufioz, President of the “Mexican Industrial Associa- tion,” recently founded, “This is the opportune moment to develop mutual aid, which will strengthen the economies of the American countries,” he declared. “Tt is necessary to unify all our efforts into a bloc integrated by the whole’ of America, which will permit to channel the commercial interchange into collective bene- fits for all the people of the con- tinent.” Arellano pointed out that, to satisfy the economic needs of the American countries “it would be very convenient to elect a ‘model country,’ which could very well ‘be México, which, launching the in- itiative for integration of the above mentioned bloc, would bring it into practice.” “For this — he added — it would have to count with the col- laboration of all the American na- tions and specially of the United States, which is one of the most democratic countries in the world and standard bearer of the free world. . .” In reference to the aims of the Mexican Association, Arellano said that its principal objective will be to “channel: exports through straight roads, Thus, we will work to consolidate the prestige of the Mexican industry on the basis of export of articles subjected to rigorous norms of quality, unsur- passed attraction and justly priced, decisive elements to be able to en- ter the international market.” The industrial ended’ saying that the group is making studies about markets in 22 countries, where ex- hibitions of “the largest possible quantity of Mexican made articles and exportable raw materials” will be permanently established.” EX PRESIDENT {S RELEASED BY THE NICARAGUAN GOVT, MANAGUA, March 23 (UP)-5 Although General Emiliano Cha morro has been set free, no officia instructions have been issued about the true standing of the ex Presi- dent, who was arrested imme- diately after the attempt against General Somoza, last year, but nev- er tried by the Court Martial which found sixteen of the accuss- ed guilty. Chamorro is still subject to a Penalty of banishment for eight years in Bluefields, pronounced on him by a Court Martial for having participated in the April 1954 in- cidents, Because, of illness, he was allow- ed to return to Managua, where the National Guard watched his home and stopped non authorized visit- ors. He is not totally free, as only an amnesty can restore the civil rights taken away from him when he was sentenced. Consequently he can- not return to the Senate as a life member. However, Chamorro told news papermen that he intended to around Managua, as the guard who watched his* residence informed him that he was not covng back on duty. “The New York Times” Warns Against Dangers of Military Dictatorships NEW YORK, March 23. (UP)— The New York Times, in an editor- ial entitled “The Colombian Dic- tator,” says today: “The electoral maneuvers — if they can be called electoral — of the President of Colombia, Rojas Pinilla, conform with the worst political traditions in Latin Ame- rica. He is going to impose him- self upon the country for another four-year term with the support of the army. Among the effronteries committed against the people by the newest of the Latin American military dictators, none is worse nor more dangerous for the future of his nation than to intrench the army in politics. Cuba is pay- ing now a terrible price for a simi- lar offense of General Fulgencio Batista.” “Lt. Col. Rojas has just appoint- ed to the Constituent Assembly some of his followers, who received orders to dissolve the Assembly, which they did in a special vote. At the same time the mayors of all municipalities are circulating “collective certificates,” by which the signers adhere to General Ro- jas’ candidacy. He who refuses to sign must be a brave man, indeed.” “One of the bad aspects of the Colombian situation is censorship, which has been getting worse dur- ing the past months. Besides, the Latin American News in Brief — droelectric project on the Mantaro River which could produce up to one million kilowatts and permit development of an aluminum in- dustry in Pera. The American-owned company already holds a concession from the Peruvian Government to sur- yey, the Mantaro’s power possibili- ties, ‘ Koening said power generated in the Mantaro project could. be transmitted to the Paracds coastal area in Southern Peri where me- tallurgical plants could be install- ed, including a smelter to process aluminum ore “brought from other places.” At present, there are no known bauxite or aluminum _ ore deposits in Peri. j Cerro de Pasco this weekend in- augurated a $30 million 65,000 ki- lowatt hydroelectric project on the Paucartambo River, the power from which will be used in the Company’s zinc smelters in La Oroya. The Mantaro makes a huge hor- seshoe curve as it flows through Huancavélica Department in Cen- tral Pera. There is am incline of President has refused newsprint to all the newspapers that do not. sup- port him, and among them are the best in the country.” “The most respected leaders of the traditional political parties — the conservative and the liberal — have united against President Ro- jas because both want to re-estab- lish democracy, which gave Colom- bia a proud name during half a century, until 1948, General Rojas has been in power since June, 1958, Assuming he will be able to impose himself on the country in the com. ming elections — and it is diffi. cult to see how he can be stoppdd —he will be in power until 1962”, “It is sad to think that Colom- bia should be under a military dic. tatorship — and a bad one at that — during such a long time, How- ever, popular and political forces opposing General Rojas are for- midable and dictators are finding increasingly difficult to stay in power in Latin America.” No Students in Palace Attack, Ambassador Says WASHINGTON, March 23 (UP) Cuban Ambassador Miguel Angel Campa declared today that there were no students among the re- bels who attacked the Presidential Palace in Havana last week. -. Campa said reports published by U. S. papers and news agencies gave the impression that the ma» dority of those rebels were stud- ents, He pointed~out that the only student killed that afternnon was the President of the Federation of University Students, José Antonio Echevarria, who tried to capture a radio station while the other re- Lee attacked the Presidential Pa- lace, The ambassador declared he was talking in the name of Foreign Minister Gonzalo Giiel, who sent a special message to the Embassy asking that this misunderstanding be cleared, In the attack, during the after. noon of Mar. 13, thirty-one rebels and 20 soldiers were killed, accord: ing to reports. A tourist from the U. S. who was watching the shoot- ing from a hotel window was kil. ed by a stray bullet, © ; about 3,000 feet between the two tips of the horseshoe and Koeni¢c said it was estimated that by har- nessing the river at that point as mueh-as one million kilowatts can he generated. ~ \ ' { i