Evening Star Newspaper, July 14, 1935, Page 2

A—2 * STATES SHEDDING MONEY MISERIES Many Putting Cork Back in Red Ink Bottle—U. S. De- mands Cut Savings. By the Associated Press. More and more States, convalesc- | ing from their depression-born money | miseries, are putting the corks back in the red ink bottles. Some States have lowered taxes. Many have sharply reduced expendi- | tures. Taxpayers continue to groan everywhere, but the pain—so far as State governments are concerned— is less severe Budgets, so often the measuring roads of solvency. are being balanced. | Comfortable cash balances are ap- pearing in the treasuries of several States. For the most part, however, a sur- vey today by the Associated Press disclosed that appreciable savings for the taxpayer's pocketbook remain yet to be accomplished. Government Demands Heavy. A sharp increase in the past decade in Federal Government demands on the citizen's dollars has nullified what slender savings may have been accomplished by State governments Municipalities, too, have been hard pressed by the needs of the depres- sion. This has led to increased municipal taxation is some form or another. notably the 2-cent-on-the- dollar sales tax in New York City. | The State of Kansas shines among | the 48 States with a balanced bud- get. reduced expenditures and lighten- en property taxes. The Kansas Gov- ernor. Alf M. Landon. attributes his State's sound financial position to “‘the Kansas passion for paying bills at is goes along.” Florida has been under a balanced | budget for the past three years and is operating pay as you go. The State has an adequate balance, but its con- troller has expressed fear for the fu- ture because of increased legislative appropriation and the possibility that some of the State’s revenue-producing 1 may be declared unconstitu- tio Washington Spreads Load. The State of Washington cut tax on property almost in two last year. To make up some $40.000.000 in revenue thus lost the Legislature cted retail sales and business-oc- cupation taxes. The effect. of course, to relieve property owners by spreading the taxation. This State was able to lop $5,000.000 from its common school expenditures without ing a school perty taxation shows a wide ance among the States. Illinois, one. does not tax property at all. . Horner, who abolished the prop- ubstituted a retail sales tax. e is considered in excellent 1 condition. . on the other hand. has in- creased her property tax rate from 60 cents to 68 cents per $100. The action was taken following a drop in the State's property valuation Idaho has reduced her property tax about half a million dollars, balanced her budget and whittled her debt down from a high point of $7,000.000 to $1,368.000. Kentucky is another State that sliced deeply into its property tax rate, reducing it from 30 cents to 5 A 3 per cent sales tax was substituted. Kentucky ran more than two million dollars into debt last year, unning the total debt up to $19,000,~ 000. The budget for the present year is about two million dollars off bal- ance. for Go erty tax ‘The St: financ: Nev Delaware Budget Balanced. Delaware proudly reports not only a balanced budget and money in the bank, but also notes that at no time | during the depression has it missed or delayed a pay roll or made any | reduction in the number of its em-i ploves. The same holds true for nll| county. city and town governments in | the State. Although Delaware added another penny per gallon to the gasoline tax this vear. bringing it to 4 cents, vari- ous direct taxes were reduced. The road tax of 30 cents a $100, which had been collected in rural districts, was abolished. : Indiana has no State debt, and goes into the new fiscal year with an esti- | mated balance of more than $6,000,- 000. The property tax is 15 cents a | $100—the limit allowed by law. In recent years, however, valuations have | been sharply reduced, with a conse- | quent saving to property taxpayers. Rhode Island's State debt shows an increase, blamed upon the emer- gency of unemployment relief. Taxes have not been increased, however. The State’s tax on cities and towns, amounting to more than a million dol- lars a year, has been abolished, and this will mean a savings of $500.000 & year to the taxpayers of Providence. | Massachusetts hasn't balanced her | budget for several years. Controversy in Vermont. Legislative leaders in Vermont say that State’s budget is balanced. but others have expressed a contrary no- tion. The State’s bonded debt has been cut, but current indebtedness | has increased. The State of New York points | gloomily to the prospect of a $90,- | 000,000 deficit for the present fiscal | year. Unemployment has been a two- | edged sword sawing at her financial structure. On the one hand there have been huge relief expenditures, and at the same time her taxable in- comes and wealth has been reduced. Oklahoma ended the fiscal year with & deficit of nearly $10,000,000. Virginia has a deficit of about $2.000,000 for the year, but hopes | to wipe this out and balance the | budget by next June. Texas has a budget deficit of about | $6,000,000. Her indebtedness was in- | creased $20,000,000 two years ago by | a relief bond issue. There is no im- mediate prospect of a reduction in the Texas property tax which for several years has been at the consti- tutional maximum of 35 cents. Wisconsin’s budget has been out of balance for four years. The deficit is now estimated at about $5,000,000. Among States with balanced budgets or the equivalent—Illinois, for one, has no formal budget—are: Kansas, Florida, Arkansas (“prac- tically balanced,” State treasurer says), Washington, Illinois, Nevada, Idaho, Delaware, Indiana, New Hamp- shire, Vermont, Pennsylvania, Michi- gan, North Dakota, Iowa and Ohio. | | | Arrive for Inspection. SAN DIEGO, Calif, July 13 (A).— Eleven Congressmen, members of the House Naval Affairs and Appropria- tions Committees, arrived here today after a flight from Washington, D. C., its ! | nounces he has declined clemency | petitions when he refuses them, but | “exonerated” him of the charges of in two transport planes. They came to inspect local naval establishments, \. ;Plans Laid for Early Tests | [ This is the first of two articles | discussing some of the questions raised by recent emactment of the lavor relations law. The second will appear tomorrow. BY JOHN C. HENRY. While both industry and labor | await presidential appointment of the | three-man board to administer the new labor relations law (known before | enactment as the Wagner bill), legal | ambuscades are being laid by both sides. It is a certainty that admin- | istration of the law and probably the | | law itself will run afoul of this cross- | fire as soon as one side or the other | can rush one of their strongest cases into the courts. Already the groundwork of a test is being laid in Milwaukee, where Cudahy Bros. Co. has declined to recognize a meat-cutters’ union as sole bargaining unit for its workers. In answer, the Meat Cutters’ Union, an affiliate of the A. F. of L. has filed a formal complaint charging failure to grant the rights guaranteed under the act. The troubles which await the new | statute may be divided into two gen- | eral classifications: First, the con-| troversy and wrangling which are bound to arise over whatever inter- pretation the board may place upon | certain indefinite provisions of the | |law: second, the firm intention of | industry to force the law itself or | some specific application of it to a| test of constitutionality. Both issues | will reach common grounds even- tually. namely the courts. | As an indication of the points upon | which the aforesaid controversies will | | center, the National Association of Manufacturers, in an analysis of the | the plant, shall each be separately | represented? | appropriate units they could in any | THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, NEW HEAT WAVE Of New Labor Relations Law| Industry Fears Personnel of Board, Still to Be Chosen, Will Favor Bargain- ing Units Dominated by A. F. L. “The major problem connected with the majority rule is not the rule itself, but its application. The important question is to what unit the ma- jority rule applies. Section 9 (b)| of the Wagner bill provides that the board shall decide the unit appropri- ate for the purpose of collective bar- gaining. This, as indicated by the act, may be a craft, plant or employer unit. The necessity for the board deciding the unit and the difficulties sometimes involved can readily be | made clear where the employer runs two factories producing similar pro- | ducts: Shall a unit be each factory | or shall they be combined into one? Where there are several crafts in| “To lodge the power of determining ' this question with the employer would invite unlimited abuse, and gerry- | mandering the units would defeat the aims of the statute. If the employes themselves could make the decision | without proper consideration of the | elements, which should constitute the given instance defeat the practical | significance of the majority rule; and, | by breaking off into small groups. could make it impossible for the employer to run his plant. Board Acts in “Third Place.” “Of course, you have to take a chance to an extent on your board.| We have three choices, and the em- | ployer obviously is not the person | to determine the unit. If your em- ployes determine it. any group can | break off from the main bargaining union and constitute itself a little bar- | gaining unit. | “Any arbitrary act of the board in B, €., JULY 14 1 HEADS EASTWARD Cool Days May End After Midweek—All-Time High Hits Oregon. While Washington enjoyed a defi- nite break in the heat wave last night, with prospects of several days of com- fortable weather, a new heat wave of record proportions was building up along the Pacific Coast. The minimum temperature during the night here was expected to be be- | tween 66 and 68 degrees, with a max- ihum today of about 85 or 86 de- grees. pected to contribute even further to the comfort of District residents after days of sweltering weather. Although a slight rise in tempera- ture is due to begin tomorrow, it was anticipated at the Weather Bureau that Washington weather, until Wed- nesday. will continue ‘“‘comfortable,” with the nights “rather pleasant.” There is little prospect of tempera- tures above 90 degrees during the first half of the week. Heat Prostrates Far West, The heat wave which now is sweep- ing into the Far West, however, over- shadowed all interest at the Weather Bureau 1n the developments here For the first time in the memory of present Weather Bureau officials the reports from the Pacific Coast last night showed temperatures of above 100 degrees along the entire length of the United States West Coast, with an all-time record high of 104 degrees in Portland. Oreg., and 80 degrees in Fairbanks. Alaska The “above 100" temperature line last evening extended from Mexico across the United States and far into Canada, while the hot weather was spreading into Montana and Alberta, Canada, which reported temperatures of above 90 degrees. Just how much law, cites numerous words or phrases | selecting the unit is subject to check | o the new record heat wave will reach which it terms vague and open to! discriminating application. | Question on Employe Gifts. Centering its attention first upon that section of the law dealing with unfair labor practices for employers, | the association questions the exact | meaning of “interference.” ‘“restraint” | and “coercion.” From these it goes to the second of the unfair practices, forbidding domination or financial contribution by employers to employe | unions. In this connection the que: tion is raised as to whether employer contributions to outings or athletic organizations might be held under the ban. That this doubt is not confined to the association alone was shown in hearings on the bill when Senator Borah asked Senator Wagner. sponsor | of the measure, to advance his defini- tion of these terms. Most of them, the latter admitted, are open to the discretion of the board and circum- stances which surround the case Likewise, the association considers | the field of discretion open to the board in the third of the listed prac- tices as unduly broad. This section prohibits discrimination tending to encourage or discourage membership | in any labor organization. The true definition of collective bargaining also is asked, on the grounds that preced- | ing boards have “practically construed | ‘1( to mean that a bargain must be | reached.” | The majority rule principle, always | opposed by industry, but established | | as policy by the present board in its ruling on the Houde case and per- petuated as law in the new act, is | under fire on the grounds that insuf- | ficient rights are reserved for the | minority, their only specific protection being that of the privilege of present- ing “grievances” to their employer. Can Select Bargaining Unit. In that same section of the act is | found the most controversial, perhaps, of all provisions and one that is tied in ‘with the majority rule prlnciple.I This provision follows: “The board shall decide in each case whether, in order to insure to employes the full benefit of their right to self-organization and to collective bargaining, and other- wise to effectuate the policies of this act, the unit appropriate for the purposes of collective bargain- ing shall be the employer unit, craft unit, plant unit or subdivision thereof.” Of considerable interest in this con- nection is the comment of Francis Biddle, retiring chairman of the pres- ent board, as follows: | | on review by the court. It is impos- | sible, however. ta lay down a definite | rule for the determination of the ap- propriate unit, for such an attempt would result in rigidity and confu- sion.” From this frank admission of the wide discretion being vested in the board in this most important point. as | well as in others, is revealed the great importance surrounding selection of the board's personnel. Industry fears, of course. lest this personnel be un- duly friendly to organized labor, that the bargaining units deemed “appro- priate” in too many instances will be those of the American Federation of | Labor or one of its affiliates. The re- | | sult of such an attitude, they contend further, would allow the federation to capitalize this power in recruiting membership and dominating all in- dustry. Asked about this circumstance, Sen- ator Wagner declared he had no knowledge of the makeup of the new board, but pointed out that the admin- istration of any law. however exactly drawn, varies greatly with the per- sonnel doing the administering. In connection with enforcement powers of the board, declared by Sen- ! ator Wagner to be most necessary, the attacks of industry thus far have cen- | tered upon two points. in section 10 of the law. First of these is the provi- | | sion that any complaint against an | employer for violation of the labor practices section “may be amended by the member, agent or agency con- ducting the hearing or the board in | its discretion at any time prior to the | issuance of an order based thereon.” | Desist Order Attacked. “In other words.” the National As- sociation of Manufacturers says, “in- stead of making the proof correspond to the pleadings as is required in all courts of law and equity. the board may in its discretion modify the plead- ing to correspond to the proof.” A second point under attack in this section is the latitude given the board in the clause authorizing it to issue a cease and desist order from the un- | fair labor practice in point and to order “such affirmative action, includ- | ing reinstatement of employes with or | without back pay, as will effectuate the | policies of this act.” Although these criticisms of the new law by the National Association of Manufacturers are not necessarily valid and are themselves elements in the controversies sure to arise, they do indicate with certainty in what directions the employers will question interpretations of the act by the board. LUKE LEA SMILES AT PARDON DENIAL “Thank You'" Is Former Senator's | Only Comment When Informed. By the Associated Press. RALEIGH, N. C. July 13.—Luke Lea, former United States Senator | from Tennessee and a World War hero, today was refused a pardon from | the North Carolina State Prison by Gov. Ehringhaus. When Lea was informed at the prison this afternoon that his request had been declined he smiled, said “thank you,” and had no other com- ment. Lea entered prison in May, 1934, to serve 6 to 10 years after his con- viction in Asheville for conspiracy to defraud the Central Bank & Trust Co. there before it failed in 1930. He was convicted in 1931, but fought his case through every court available. Usually the Governor merely an- he issued a long statement in the Lea case and pointed out he had given| the data presented in the prisoner’s behalf “a laborious and thoughtful study.” The clemency petition asked for a full and complete pardon for Lea on the grounds that alleged “new evi- dence” presented in his behalf by J. M. Broughton, Raleigh lawyer,| which he was convicted. “We have been unable to discover any new evidence which is substan- tially different from what has been heretofore brought forward,” the Gov- ernor’s statement said. On the re- quest for a commutation, it set forth that it was “prematurely presented.” Admiral Leahy in Command. BREMERTON, Wash., July 13 (#).— Vice Admiral Willlam 3. Leahy. U. S. N, arriving today from Wash- ington, D. C., became commander of battleships, Battle Force, United States Fleet. He succeeds Rear Admiral Thomas 'T. Craven, who has assumed command of the 13th Naval District and the Bremerton Navy Yard, | 3 'RIOTING IN BELFAST Seat of Man’s Pants In Lightning Path Missing After Flash By the Associated Press. TALIHINA, Okla, July 13— Lightning split the seat of Bill Dixon's pants and used his back- bone for a conductor when it struck & tree under which he and five other persons were seeking protection from an electrical storm. Dixon, 60 years old. was seated on a box leaning against the tree when the bolt struck. He said he could feel it course down his spine, and when companions picked him up, the seat of his trousers was missing. Dixon was knocked uncon- scious, as was Mel Armstrong, another of the party. BotM are recovering. BREAKS OUT ANEW Four Dead, 66 Hurt in Clashes Between Catholics and Protestants. By the Associated Press. BELFAST, Northern Ireland, July 13—Two persons were killed and 20 injured in a second night of rioting that began yesterday with the cele- bration of the 245th anniversary of the battle of the Boyne. In two days fighting between Cath- | olics and Protestant Orangemen, four have been killed and 66 injured. Tonight's outbreaks were in York street, scene of the first day's dis- orders. The rioters defled curfew re- striction and a triple guard of Bel- fast and provincial police. Authoritfes immediately sent out an S O S for more police from ad- joining counties. One district was or- dered surrounded. In the wake of a further burst of firing, the police commissioner issued an urgent appeal for police reinforce- ments. Sir Dawson Bates, the home secretary, cancelled his plans to at- tend King George's naval review next Tuesday. The curfew was effective at 10 p.me : | Tennessee, the East, however, is still problem- atical. Freak conditions accompanied the heat wave, especially in California. There airplane weather observers found temperatures increasing with altitude above the earth, instead of decreasing. Above Sunnyvale, Calif., the temperature at 400 meters alti- tude was 61 degrees, but at 900 meters | it had increased to 84 degrees, and freezing weather was not encountered until the pilot had climbed 3 miles. Similar conditions were encountered at San Diego and other points, May Reach East Coast. The hot weather which last night was spilling over the Rocky Mountains into Montana and Alberta is expected to continue down over the Dakotas into Iowa and Illinois and. unless some change develops, may come far- ther East Last night found the remains of the Polar Pacific air mass which brought relief to most of the United States bringing freezing air at com- paratively low altitudes. Airplane observers climbed into freezing tem- eratures at only 3,700 meters above Detroit and 3.500 meters above To- ronto last night. Last night's 8 o'clock reports to the Weather Bureau from its scattered observers showed freakish conditions attended the rains which accomparied the cool wave along ihe Atlantic Coast. While total of 66 hundredths of and inch of rain during the day. Baltinore had only 2 hundredths and Lynchburg, Va., had 3.04 inches of rain. than one inch of rain fell in Norfolk, Richmond and at other points. At 8 o'clock yesterdsy raorning 1ain was falling in only two places in the United States, acccriing to the re- ports. They were Richmond, Va., and Port Arthur, Texas. The showers which began in many places soon afterward were strangel; scattered. | Washington yesterday had a maxi- mum temperature of 84 degrees. &t 4:15 pm. This was 12 cegrees be- low the year's record, established Friday afternoon. The principal Washington hospi- tals had no new heal cases to re- port yesterday afternoon or last right. | ROOSEVELT TO FIGHT, . CHANDLER DECLARES| Representative Says Business Is Out to Boycott Him, and He Will Battle. By the Associated Press. MEMPHIS, Tenn, July 13.—Rep- resentative Chandler, Democrat, of came home today with word that President Roosevelt is in “a fighting mood.” “Business has definitely broken | with Roosevelt,” Chandler said in an | interview. “It is out to boycott him. At the very time when things are be- ginning to pick up, it has sent the word down the line not to put on any | extra help unless absolutely neces- | sary. And Roosevelt is in a fighting | mood. From now on, you are going | to see a leadership in national af- | fairs that will arouse the support of | the great mass of the people as noth- ing has before.” | Decreasing humidity was ex- | Washington had a! Mcre | NEW SOVIET PACT BOOSTS U.S. TRADE $30,000,000 in American Goods Called for in Year Under Treaty. Ending 18 years of hit-or-miss com- mercial relations, the United States | and Soviet, Russia yesterday concluded | a trade pact undem which the U. S. S. R. agreed to boost its American imports by 150 per cent over the aver- age of the pas' three years. | In return for purchases of $30,000,- 000 of American goods during the next year, the United States granted | wide tariff concessions to the Soviet. Experts here forecast privately, how- ever, that the chief benefits 1o the | Moscow goverrment would be de- layed, rather than immediate. | The Soviet, under the terms of the pact, is grapted the benefit of all | tarift reductions and other conces- | | sions made in the trade pacts with | Belgium and Haitl, already effective, and in the Swedish agreement which | becomes effective August 5. Few of the duty reductions made in | those pacts are of practical value to the Soviet Urion, since it produces and exports very few of the articles on which the tariff was cut. Russia will benefit, however, from trade pacts with other nations signed during the life of the agreement. No Loan Provision Carried. Concluded through the exchange of notes between Maxim Litvinoff. Soviet commissar for foreign affairs, and William C. Bullitt, the American Am- bassador in Moscow, the treaty will | remain in force one year. Despite Russian demands for a loan, which balked past agreement efforts, pact provided rio such arrangement. Lacking any agreement covering commercial relations, trade between the United States and Rucsia has averaged only about $12.000.000 over the last three years. The expecta- tion of officials here s that Russia- American trade will be approximately trebled. ‘The agreement in no way relates to Russian-American deot questions and leaves the subject of negotiations for a settlement of more than $700.- 000,000 in debts contracted by fcrmer Russian governments still open. Protracted negotiations for a debt settlement ended some and officials said today they sions. | Bank Not to Function. | It was assumed the Soviet's pur- chases will be made througa the usual business arrangements with American firms. organized to facilitate Russicn trade through assisting American firms in financing deals with that country, the bank has never functioned. Its parti- cipation in future Russian trade is contingent on a satisfactorv settlement | | go before the House Rules Commit- | of the old imperial and Kerensky re- gimes debts to the United States Government. Chief Russian purchases in this country generally are expected to en- compass heavy locomctive and other machinery and som- manufactured goods. Chief Soviet advantages prob- ably will result from concessions under the U. S.-Swedish treaty and under the Canadian-American pact, now under negotiation. The Swedish treaty keeps on the | free list three types Jf wood pulp. . Three other types, now chiefly sup- plied by Canada, were not touched on in the Swedish pact. Canadian ef- forts will be made in negotiations now under way to keep on the free list mechanical wood pulp, soda pulp and bleached sulphite pulp. RAINS GROUND PLANES Havoc Reported Along Glacier| Highway in Alaska. JUNEAU, Alaska, July 13 (#).—Tor- | rential rains wrought havoc along the Glacier highway and forced cancella- tion of all airplane schedules in Juneau today. Several sections of the highway were washed out and trees were up- rooted by a heavy wind. Gold Creek was reported a raging stream after 2.01 inches of rain, the heaviest since 1917, had fallen in 24 hours. BAND CONCERT. By the United States Army Band in the Ampitheater at Arlington Na- tional Cemetery at 6 pm. Thomas F. | Darcy, conducting. PROGRAM. | “Unfinished Symphony" - ..Schubert “Midsummer Night's Serenade,” Albeniz “Elegie.” Solo for saxophone, Massenet | Eugene Hostetter. soloist. poem, “My Souvenirs.” Mainente “Meditation” Glazounow “Prelnge” ... --Beghon Intermerzo from “Rustic Sym- phony” -Goldmark Group of flower melodies..___Hadley “The Star Spangled Banner.” Tone Glass to Discuss Bank Bill HE new banking bill will bed discussed by America’s most widely known authority on I bank legislation, Senator Car- ter Glass of Virginia, in the National Radio Forum Thursday at 10:30 p.m. The National Radio Forum is ar- ranged by The Washirgton Star and | broadcast over the neiwork of the National Broadcasting Co. No piece of legislation has been more praised or condemned during the present session of Congress than | the administration banking bill, as it | came originally to that body. Senator Glass has been a critic of some of the | provisions of the first draft of the| bill, and of the bill as it passed the House. He headed & subcommittee of the Senate Bankinz and Currency | Committee which worked and mulled | over the measure for weeks and finally brought it forh in amended form. The Virginia Senator was the au- thor of the Federal Reserve act in large part, when he was chairman of the House Committee on Banking and Currency during the Wilson ad- ministration. He served later as Sec- retary of the Treasury in the same administration. From that office he became a Senator of the United States. He was offered the office of Secre- tary of the Treasury by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he was forming his cabinet. Senator Glass, however, politely declined. Even in those days it was clear that b4 SENATOR GLASS. the fiery Virginian and the Roosevelt New Dealers might not be able to travel the same road. Their views of money and banking began to diverge almost from the inception of the Roosevelt administration. The Virginia Senafor is a “sound money” man. He “as denounced speculation and sought to curb it. At the same time he is not of those who believe that the Government shall be- come & benevolent dictator. the | montis ago | know | of no plans to resume the discus- | Although the Expori-Import | Bank. headed by George N. Peek, was | 935—PART ONE. H. WINSHIP WHEATLEY. | E. Barrett Prettyman, Leslie Garnett, Mentioned for Judgeship JUSTICE JENNINGS BAILEY. Representative Harlan. —Harris-Ewing Photos. ARPORT AGTION EN TH WK Resolution to Close Military . Road to Be Pushed by McSwain. The fate of Washington Airport probably will be determined this | week by action of the House on the McSwain resolution to close Military road. Blocked in his plan to ask for pas- sage of the measure by unanimous consent when the Arlington County Board notified Representative How- ard W. Smith of Virginia erday of its unanimous opposition to closing of the road, McSwain is expected to tee early this week to request con- sideration of the bill under suspen- sion of the rules, Unless McSwain is successful in his effort to jam the bill through in the |tion of Virginia,” Dr. Riggin stated. ! face of the Virginia opposition or | “Motorists should observe this fact | | unless the demand of Secretary of and follow strictly our advice that| | Commerce Roper for absolute pro- TONEW PARALYSS - CASES INVIRGINIA ‘Five Reported in Counties Hitherto Clear of Disease. By the Associated Press RICHMOND, Va.. July 13.—Ten new cases of infantile paralysis were re- ported in Virginia today, five of them from counties hitherto clear of the disease. bringing the State’s total to | 109 since June. And with an increase lin cases reported, Dr. I. C. Riggin. State health commissioner. warned tourists and vacationists to follow his department’s ruling against allowing children to congregate. Persons entering the State should realize, Dr. Riggin said, that an “un- usual prevalence” of the disease exists. | “There is an unusual prevalence of ! poliomyelitis in the south-central sec- | children be kept from congregating.” POLITICS MAY RULE BENCH SELECTION Representative Harlan Rec- ommended by Ohio Sena- tors for Hitz Vacancy. The prospect that politics might dictate the appointment of a succes- sor to the late Justice William Hitz | on the District Court of Appeals de- veloped yesterday when it was learned that Representative Byron B. Harlan of the third Ohio congressional dis- trict had been recommended to Pres- ident Roosevelt for the vacancy. Har- lan has the backing of Senators Bulk- | ley and Donahey of Ohio. Meanwhile Associate Justice Jen- | nings Bailey of the District Supreme }Courfi and Winship Wheatley, presi- | dent of the District Bar Association, have been considered by local attorneys as eligible for consideration. The names of United States Attorney Gar- nett and District Corporation Counsel Prettyman also have been suggested. Representative Harlan comes from | Dayton. He is 49 years old and a | graduate of the University of Michi- | gan. He is a member of the House | Rules Committee, which is now en- gaged in investigating administration | and power trust lobbying in connec- tion with the “death sentence” clause in the public utility holding company bill. Harlan was first elected to the | House five years ago and has been twice re-elected. Election Might Test Sentiment. The Dayton district is a close one between Republicans and Democrats. | Should Harlan receive the appoint- | ment, thus creating a vacancy in the | third Ohio district, a special election | would be in order. Such an election | would provide a good test of political sentiment as it is running in Ohio today. | ‘There is no organized movement { among the local members of the bar to secure the appointment of a local man so far as is known. It has been pointed out that Justice Hitz was the only member of the bench of the Dis- trict Supreme Court to be moved up directly to the Court of Appeals. Justice Bailey is from Tennessee and is regarded as a strong Demo- crat. Mr. Prettyman was active in the Democratic party in Maryland and his work as corporation counsel has won favorable comment from local officials. Cummings May Have Man. When Attorney General Cummings attempted some time ago to create an | additional judgeship on the Court of Appeals, he was understood to have | three men in mind for the judgeship if Congress should agree to enlarge the bench. No action was taken on the proposal, but the three projected candidates. none of them a Washing- ton man, are said to be still available and some well informed local attor- neys believe the Attorney General will recommend the appointment of one of them to the vacancy. BOULDER DAM WORK HALTED BY STRIKERS | | tection of landing and taking off air- | He has said the present outbreak has | | liners is met by barricading of the | road. Commerce Department officials | are expected to made good an often | repeated threat to close the local air- port to air transport operations and port map. Secretary Roper has called upon Samuel J. Solomon, manager Washington Airport, to install at 24- hour guard to supplement the exist- ing traffic lights and sirens and" to install a traffic barrier at each light “as soon as possible.” Request for Barriers. Solomon has installed the guards and has applied to Assistant Secre- | tary of War Woodring for permission | to install the barriers, but up to yes- terday had received no reply from the War Department to his request | Should the barriers be installed and prove adequate in the control of au- | tomobile traffic, the Commerce De- partment probably will hold in abey- | close the airport to airline operations. | Solomon to provide the guards and barriers, Secretary Roper said: “If immediately the Department of Com- merce will consider suspending all | air operations at Washington-Hoover | Airport.” | Commerce Department officials last | night reiterated the stand taken by | Eugene L. Vidal, director of air com- | merce. in & memorandum to an inter | departmental commission on the air- | pott situation early in the week. In his memorandum Vidal pointed |out that the Military road crossing | now is a far greater hazard to safety | in air travel than at any time in the past. because of the use of new high- | speed airliners, which require longer landing and take-off runs. He pointed out that arbitrary re- duction of the pay loads of transport airplanes using the local airport might be ordered, leaving the barring of all air transport operations as a final measure. Safety Is Demanded. Commerce Department officials last night took the position that the de- partment is committed definitely to a policy of prohibiting all air trans- port operations at Washington Airport unless it is made safe for airline fly- ing. 'Rrhe department has no power to close the airport itself, it was pointed out, but does have the power under the air commerce act of prohibiting interestate air transport planes from landing there. The Bureau of Air Commerce has invoked this power twice in the past six months. About six months ago, when it became apparent that the air- port at Greensboro, N. C., was un- safe for the operation of the new high-speed airliners operated by Eastern Airlines on its route from ‘Washington to the South,-the Com- merce Department ordered that the airliners cease operations there until the situation was remedied. Greens- boro today is off the air transport map. Within the last month the big Bowles-Agawam iArport at Spring- fleld, Mass., was closed and the prop- erty sold for use as a race track. ‘The Bureau of Air Commerce ruled that the Springfield Municipal Air- port was inadequate for airline opera- tions and Springfield also has disap- pearsd from the air transport map. Bank Robbers Get $1,500. MONONA, Towa, July 13 (#).—Three men held up the Union State Bank here shortly before noon today and escaped with from $1,500 to $2,000 in currency. ’ of | |not reached epidemic | throughout the State. | Counties of the south side, in an area along route 1, leading from | North Carolina, have reported the most proportions s0 wipe Washington off the air trans- | cases, although today's figures indi-| | cated a spread of the disease to other | sections. | Dr. W. Brownley Foster, director of | public welfare for the city of Rich. | mond, has expressed the belief that }Lhe outbreak is waning, citing the | diminishing number of cases reported | Dour work day. | 4,000 Walk Out as Truckers Join Other Employes’ Demand for 71/-Hour Day. | By the Associated Press. BOULDER CITY, Nev. July 13.— All work on the gigantic Boulder Dam project came to a halt today as truck and transport drivers joined the strike of carpenters and steel workers for restoration of the seven and one-half ‘The shutdown in- each day in North Carolina. A drive | volved about 4,000 men. | has been inaugurated by him in Rich- | mond to substitute paper cups at soft- drink establishments as a means of The Central Labor Council, to which the dispute between workers and the six companies, including Gen- | slowing transmission of the disease.| eral Contractors on the dam and pow- | School authorities in Richmond closed | er plant | & “vacation school” &s & precaution. FIVE CASES IN DANVILLE. projects, was submitted, characterized the situation as one that hes been “smouldering for more than a year. because of the refusal of the contractors to consider wage in- State Official Will Address Physicians | creases.” | of City. | DANVILLE. Va., July 13 (#) —With | reported here today, the total was | terminated fatally. | | State Epidemologist McGinnis of these instructions are not carried out | Richmond was expected to address a | ‘meeung of physicians to be held in the office of the City Health Office. SHORT COURSE CANCELED. 4-H Session at Virginia Tech July 22-27 Is Abandoned. | BLACKSBURG, Va. July 13 (#.— |Purely as a precautionary measure, | the seventeenth annual State 4-H | boys and girls’ short course scheduled | to have been held at Virginia Tech | July 22-27 has been canceled, John | | R. Hutcheson, director agricultural | extension division here, announced today. The action also applies to | the 4-H all-star conference July 19- 22. But it does no. apply to any of the adult meetings. 'BREWSTER PLEASED BY QUODDY STAND | Grateful That U. S. Officials Will Not Demand Special Legis- lative Session. | By the Associated Press. Failure of the Maine Legislature to |set up an authority to handle the | Passamaquoddy tide-harnessing proj- ect after it is built was said yesterday by Representative Brewster, Republi- can, of Maine, to be a condition which automatically would halt work on the $36,000,000 project. But, Brewster added, the Maine Leg- islature does not meet until January, 1937, “and by that time the project will be nearing completion.” He called “gratifying” reports that Federal officials would not ask for a special session of the Legislature to set up such an authority. The project was the center of a row over charges of lobbying by the ad- ministration in behalf of a strong utility holding company bill. Brewster charged that Thomas Corcoran, an administration aide in the R. F. C., threatened to stop work on the project if he did not vote for a provision to end holding companies. The Maine Representative said it had been the understanding all along that the project would be stopped If the Legislature did not set up ma- chinery to administer it Youths Feast on Locusts. Native youths in South Africa are on locusts. & ance for the time being its threat 0 | two new cases of infantile paralysis | | | | ‘The contractors’ new order requires the workmen to report for work half an hour earlier and to take their helf In his letter of July 6 calling UpOn | prought to five. No cases so far have | g1 hour lunch period on their own time. Union crafts which have not yet voted to strike, the International As- sociation o Machinists, Hoist Engi- neers and Dump Truck Drivers, are to take action soon. Fearing violence might climax the strike, extra squads of heavily armed police patrolled the streets of Boul- der City tonight. Labor leaders, who declined to be quoted, indicated they feared violence. As an extra precaution sale of liquor on the Government reservation was stopped. $25,000 BALM GIVEN IN HOUR DELIBERATION Physician's Assistant Wins Suit Against Fashionable Doctor in Second Trial. By the Associated Press. PASADENA, Calif., July 13.—A jury | of seven women and five men spent just an hour on a breach of promise case today before awarding pretty Dolores Young $25,000 damages from Dr. Lawrence Butka, fashionable Al- hambra, Calif,, physician. It was the second trial of the suit. The first jury was dismissed after arguing two days. Miss Young, a physician’s assistant, sued Dr. Butka, well known in local social circles, for $100,000. She said he asked her to marry him, but even- tually told her “it's all over.” The physician’s letters to her, ad- dressing her as “Darling Dodo,” werz brought into evidence.” SINCLAIR IS THROUGH E. P. I. C. Creator Never Again to Seek Public Office. BUTTE. Mont., July 13 (#).—Upton Sinclair, novelist and author of the “E. P. I. C.” program on which he ‘waged a furious campaign for the gov- ernorship of California, declared em- phatically today he would “never again run for public office.” Sinclair's statement apparently put at rest rumors that the silver-haired. soft-spoken writer planned to “shoo’ a second time for the highest office in California.” Here for a Sunday speaking engage- ment, Sinclair attacked the adminis- tration's work-relief program, con- tending it eventually would bankrupt the United States. v