Evening Star Newspaper, December 19, 1934, Page 5

| LOSING HEAT FAST Mt. Wilson Scientist Tells of | Flaming Orb Surrounded by Elderly Neighbors. F BY THOMAS R. HENRY. The sun was pictured as a middle- aged star surrounded by elderly neigh- bors by Dr. Walter S. Adams, director of the Mount Wilson Observatory, in the snnual ‘Arthur lecture of the Smithsonian Institution at the Na- tional Museum last night. ! The majority of the stars within the immediate neighboriood of the solar system—the immediate neighborhood being a vast field of space with a ra- dius of about the distance light mov- ing at 186,000 miles a second can cover in 65 years—are dwarfs giving out only a fraction of the light and heat of the sun, Dr. Adams said. They represent what the sun may be ex- pected to look like eventually when it | has radiated away in substance for a few billion years more. Proxima Centauri Fading. One of the most striking examples of | all is the sun’s nearest neighbor, the| star Proxima Centauri in the South- ern Hemisphere, which is between four and five light years distant and gives out only about one ten-thousandth part of the radiation poured into space by the parent star of the solar system. ‘This is the faint companion star to Alpha Centauri, an orb of about the size of the sun itself. Proxima Cen- tauri may be a special case, but the heavens are studded with other faint and dying stars. The implication is, Dr. Adams said, | that in about 40,000,000,000,000 years | the sun will have radiated away about | half its present mass and until that time there probably will be little de- crease in the amount of light and heat it sends to the earth. In any event, Dr. Adams said, the living earth need not be concerned at its impending fate from a cold and lifeless sun. Sun Nears Red Dwarf Stage. ‘While the concept of stellar evolu- tion has undergone far-reaching changes in the past few years, Dr. Adams said, there can be little ques- tion that the sun—a star fairly typical of billions in the heavens—is in the sequence of decline and already has passed its best days. It is on its way toward the “red dwarf” stage. Prob- ably the majority of the stars through- out the Milky Way galaxy are in this stage, Dr. Adams pointed out. They . are so small that they cannot be de- | tected outside the immediate solar neighborhood, but there is no reason to believe that this is in any way ex- ceptional. Dr. Adams located the sun as approximately 150,000,000,000,000,000 miles from the center of the Milky Way galaxy in the constellation at Saggitarius and slightly to the north- ward of the plane of the Milky Way. The latest calculations fix the length across the galaxy as about 100,000 light vears, or approximately 600,000.- | 000,000,000,000 miles. He pictured all | the stars as rotating around this cen- | ter at varying speeds, depending upon | their distances. The speed of the sun | in this motion is about 165 miles a1 minute, and it will complete a single | revolution in its gigantic orbit in ap-| proximately 265,000,000 years. | Star Spacings Are Vast. While the stars seem to dot the! heavens in great numbers—so that in the direction of the Milky Way they lpplenr as a continuous band of lumi- nosity to the naked eye—measure- ments of the distances around the sun, 2 fairly tropical locality, show enor- mous distances between them. The average distance is about 60,000,000~ 000,000 miles. In these vast ter- spaces there are to be found only ex- tremely tenuous gas and cosmic dust clouds. Because the whole Milky Way galaxy 1s rotating around its center in Saggi- tarius, Dr. Adams said, it is possible to calculate its total mass, which turns | out to be about 160,000.000,000,000 | times that of the sun. This would | mean that if matter were distributed | evenly throughout its whole expanse | instead of being concentrated in stars | and star systems, there would be an | average of 15 grains for a space 1,000 | times that of the earth. Gas Lost by Contraction. Present indications are. Dr. Adams said, that the billicns of stars do not represent all sizes and intensities, but, | like electric light bulbs, fall into defi- nite candle power classifications, from the enormous supergiants to the tiny dwarfs. The law of growth in the stellar system apparently reverses the organic law. A star is born a giant and ages into a dwarf. It comes into being an enormous, extremely tenuous mass of gas, which heats as it con- tracts and then begins to lose its heat through radiation, passing at some stage in its history through approxi- mately the presedt state of the sun. Dr.” Adams described the method | being used at the Mount Wilson Ob- servatory to determine the distances of | great numbers of stars too far away to be “surveyed” by the photographic! paralax method, which gives the most reliable measurements. By variations in spectra, which depends upon the state of the star itself, it is possible to arrive at an equation which gives a very fair approximation of distance. COUNTESS IN MIAMI MIAMI, Fla. Decémber 19 (#).— Countess Covadonga arrived here yes- terday with a party of 11 to spend sev- eral weeks. The beautiful Cuban left Paris No~ vember 28, after what friends de- scribed as a final and futile attempt for a reconciliation with the count, | who abandoned his right of succession to the Spanish throne to marry her. The countess declined to see re- ERNIGHT T0 CALIFORNIA Douglas Airliners THE LINDBERGH LINE Leave WASHINGTON . .3:40 P.M. Leave PITTSBURGH .. .6:10 P.M. Arrive CHICAGO ..... 8:00P.M. Arrive KANSAS CITY. 11:00 P.M. Arrive ALBUQUERQUE 3:20 A.M. Arrive LOS ANGELES. .7:00 A.M. VIA CONNECTING AIRL] WASHINGTON TO PITTSBURGH Call Nat. 3646 808 15th St. N.W. Associated With General Motors and A i THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1934. SUN M"]I][EAG[D, Baroness Shown in Another “Court” ECUADOR PHOTOGRAPH BELIEVED TAKEN THREE YEARS PRIOR TO ISLAND VISIT. The missing Baroness Eloisa Bousquet de Wagner Wehrborn, “queen of the Galapagos Islands,” is shown above in Ecuador in a photo believed taken about three years ago while she and others of her party were on their way to the islands. newspaper executive; Robert Phillipson and Alfred Rudolph Lorenz. went on to the Galapagos Islands. Standing in the rear, left to right, are: Manuel Valdiviesco Borja, J. Santiago Castillo, ‘With the exception of Mr. Castillo all Borja returned to Equador shortly afterwards, Phillipson and the baroness still are missing, and Lorenz has been identified as one of those who perished on Marchena Island. GIFTS FOR OLDER CHILDREN NEEDED Social Agencies’ Council Makes Plea for Neglected Needy Group. An earnest appeal for toys and gifts for needy children between the ages of 12 and 16 has been issued by Mrs. Lorer: Johnson, who is in charge of the Christmas Toy Shop of the Coun- cil of Social Agencies at 1107 Penn- sylvania avenue, next door to The Evening Star Building. Mrs. Johnson points out that among the thousands of contributions made through the Star-Warner Bros." Christmas toy matinees last Saturday, and among the gifts brought directly | to the shop, toys and articles of clothing for older children were too | few for the council to take care of the many requests it has received in this | age group. Kind Washingtonians are urged to bring whatever they can to the toy shop, between now and Christmas, to help supply the needs of older chil- dren who have been neglected. Any one having toys or articles of clothing at their homes which they wish to donate may do so by phoning the council’s toy shop at Sterling 4299, and a volunteer worker of the Christ= mas Planning Committee will call to collect them. On December lished the letter of a mother appeal- ing for a Christmas gift for her lit- tle 2-year-old boy, whom she said had no shoes. A number of pres- ents, including shoes, were brought to the council’s toy shop for this child, and”his mother can now be assured that his Christmas will be a happy one. While a larger number of toys and gifts are being distributed by the council through its toy shop this year than ever before, owing to the great response at The Star-Warner Bros.' matinees and other donations, there is still need for more if all are to be taken care of, and those gen- erous persons who wish to help this appealing cause are urged to respond as early as possible. School Bus Service Begun. SEAT PLEASANT, Md., December 19 (Special) —The Washington, Marl- boro & Annapolis Bus Co. began a school bus service to the Maryland Park High School this morning, Prin- cipal William D. Himes announced. 13, The Star pub- | EUGENE R. BLACK, RECENT HEAD OF RESERVE BOARD, DIES | (Continued From First Page.) citizen in 1925 and at one time served as president of the Chamber of Com- | merce. In civic affairs he was often consulted. Charitable institutions and the Com- munity Chest received liberally of his time and money. His ability and wit as a speaker kept him in demand at banquets and public meetings here and throughout the country. On May 18, 1933, President Roose- |velt named him chairman of the Federal Reserve Board to succeed Eugene Meyer. Mr. Black has spent much of his time recently in traveling about the country in contacting banks in con- nection with his commission to stimu- | late credit facilities. Studied for Law. After attending the University of Georgia. he began the practice of law banking field. In 1928 he was made | governor of the sixth Federal Reserve | District Bank, succeeding M. B. Well- born. His ready wit made him a popular figure as an after dinner speaker. Mr. Black was the son of Eugene Pinckard and Zac Harman Black. In 1896 he married Miss Gussie editor. She survives him. Other survivors are his daughter, Mrs. Walter H. Wellborn of Atlanta; two sons, Eugene R. Black, jr., of New York, and Henry Grady Black of Atlanta. He was a brother of Justice Willlam | Harman Black of New York and | Charles H. Black of Atlanta. BLACK “GOOD SOLDIER.” Roosevelt Expresses Regret—Morgen- thau Lauds Work. President Roosevelt expressed regret 1 today for the death of Eugene Black, who worked with him for more than a year as governor of the Federal Reserve Board. Informed of the death at his regular press conference, Mr. Roosevelt termed Black a “grand person” and related that he was a “good soldier.” Secretary Morgenthau said that “in directing with wisdom and judgment the Federal Reserve System during a period of severe stress and uncertainty he performed services to the Nation which will be long remembered and appreciated.” Deeply Grieved. in Atlanta, but transferred to the| Grady, daughter of the great Southern | P TR TR T, T, T, T S T Y XY —A. P. Photo. Black guided the Federal Reserve System during some of the Nation's most turbulent days. He was considered one of the more conservative influences in the Federal financial and banking set up. He led the opposition of the Reserve System to surrendering its stock of monetary gold, which was valued at more than $3,000,000,000. While opposing the step by Mr. Roosevelt, there was no break in the! personal friendship between the Chief | Executive and the Alantan. Black generally was represented as opposed to devaluation of the gold dollar. He was the originator of leg- islation for direct loans to industry by the Reserve banks and the Recon- struction Finance Corp. Also, he was credited with helping write the law which now governs stock exchanges and security issues. Buys Securities. In his early days at the head of the Reserve System, Black inaugurated a | policy of regular open market pur- | chases of Government securities by the Reserve banks to aid in building up a huge volume of excess reserves as an intended aid to business. The Reserve banks bought until their fortfolio reached $2,430,000,000. Black came to the Reserve Board on May 10, 1933. His resignation was effective last August 15. B RERISERERINS Christmas Jewelry Shop at the friendly store— you're always greeted with a smile—with no obligation to buy. Specializing in Perfect Diamonds And All Standard American Watches SHACDISEBOOBLLEEEY The Fines ine CULTURED PEARL NECKLACES $14.00 up. FRPLISED FEEPDLdS g Complete Line of Gifts M. Wurtzburger Co. 901 G St. N.W, Ooen Charge Accounts Inivted bl e r el “I am deeply grieved,” he said. “I have long held him in high esteem.” | Here's a merry bit o'news, mon! Until Christmas, ye'll save?7.50 onthe famous Bolton Worsteds.See them! They're going at $25,wi' two trousers. I ‘'Tis a wee bit o a pri such grand suits. 9 Check up on our popular Ten Payment Plan, It's the most convenient way to “charge it"’— and ‘costs you nothing extral Simply pay *5 at purchase, and split the rest over ten weeks. ce for ICHEAPER FEDERAL MUNITIONS DENIED Private Manufacturers Tell Probers Arsenals Fail to Charge Depreciation. By the Associated Press. The contention that Government manufacture of war materials is cheaper than private production was advanced and denied today before the Senate Munitions Committee. The evidence was sharply chal- lenged by Representatives of the pri- vate companies. It was obtained from a survey made in 1928 by the manu- facturers. The 1928 study said the average cost of private production of a certain type of ammunition was $30.90, as compared with $23.18 in the Govern- ment arsenal at Frankfort, near Philadelphia, Earlier Senator Clark, Democrat, of Missour!, contended the War Depart- ment’s legislative program for war time would give the Government “absolute control” of the press. Would Introduce Bills. He sald he would introduce the Army's war time bills at the beginning of the next session of Congress so they could receive careful study ahead of time. Clark also said brokerage firms are capitalizing “conditions in Europe” ‘to “boom” munitions stocks. Egbert Hadley, a Remington Arms official, who was chairman of the committee which made the compara- tive cost study of munitions, said an effort was made to get a gcomplete comparison, but that it was aban- doned as impossible. i The munitions company officials | contended the Frankfort costs did not | include anything for depreciation of the plant, which was a large figure in the costs of the private plants. Senator Vandenberg, Republican, of Michigan, remarked that the figures showed & “clear advantage” to the Government. Casey Credits Volume. Maj. K. K. V. Casey of the Du Pont Co. replied that the figures were mis- leading and said if the private com- | panies were given the same volume | of business as the Frankfort Arsenal they could produce more cheaply, even with a profit. : Pierre du Pont interjected that Gov- ernment accounting was ot as re- liable as the accounting of private companies, citing the Post Office De- | man. partment. “I will concede that” Vandenberg replied. “An example of that was Mr. Farley's arithmetic a few months ago.” He, obviously, referred to Postmas- | ter General Farley’s announcement that the Post Office Department no | longer had a deficit. Questioned by Clark, Col. C. T.| Harris of the War Department con- ceded one of its bills would permit | the Government to deprive news- | papers of material necessities, such as | ink and paper. | Referring to a bill which would permit the President to license all business, Clark said it would be “per- | fectly practicable and feasible for | him“to absolutely control the press.” | Clark announced he would jump | the gun on the War Department by introducing the legislation at the next session so it could be studied by Con- gress, not because he favors it but |room. Government to give it thorough consideration in isuch a canal would not affect this | peace time. Broker Dies “CHESTER W. LOCKWOOD. MUNICIPAL POWER FOR GOTHAM SEEN, WITH U. S. AIDING (Continued Prom First Page.) power ownership, was elated over the President’s power assertion. He said the Executive already had the authority under existing public works laws to loan money for con- struction of municipal power plants, but that the fund was almost ex- hausted. “I don’t think this is a bluff, either,” Norris added. “I think the President really means what he said.” In response to inquiries, the Presi- dent commented on a proposal of the Edison Electric Institute for a test of the constitutionality of the Federal power program. The proposal that the Government join in a test of the legality was re- jected by an administration spokes- The president said the overwhelm- ing proportion of utility stocks and | bonds are as sound as Government bonds. The water in utiilty financial struc- tures, he said, is in the holding com- panies. Therefore, Mr. Roosevelt said he felt it was beclouding the issue to lump all utility stocks and bonds into the same category. It was emphasized the administra- tion is determined to go ahead with | its campaign for cheaper power. The companies whose bids were re- | jected by New York City were mem- | bers of the Edison Institute. ! Admiral Bankenhus conducted a power investigation for Mr. Roose- velt when he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy during the war, and as a re- sult Mr. Roosevelt advocated construc- tion of a government power plant in the Brooklyn Navy Yard. It was built. ‘The President said he regards the power question as largely one of simple mathematics—a question of whether it is cheaper to buy from private com- panies or construct one’s own plant. It also was learned that the Govern- ment has not paid some of its bills to | the Niagara Hudson Power Co. since | last July, pending an investigation of | whether the rates are excessive. l Asked about proposals for construc- tion of a canal through Nicaragua President Roosevelt observed non-com- mittally that his father years ago had invested in such a proposition. He added his mother had enough Nica- ragua Canal stock to paper a whole construction of stock. C. W. LOCKWOOD, BROKER, IS DEAD Long D. C. Resident Was Well Known in Banking Circles. Chester Walker Lockwood, long a resident of Washington and well known in banking and investment circles here, cied this morning at his home at 242« Tracy place. He had been ill about two months. Mr. Lockwood was born on June 6, 1894, at Troy, N. Y, a son of the late Thomas W. and Mrs. Sarah (Magill) Lockwood. He was brought to Washington when a boy and at- tended ¥riends School and St. Albans School here, graduating from the lat- ter. He attended Harvard University in the class of 1917. Served in Navy. During his crllege career, Mr. Lock- wood left to join the Navy, serving during participation of the United States in the World War with the rank of ensign. After finishing serv- ice in the Navy, he returned to Wash- ington to 2nter the investment bank- ing ousiness. At one time, he was connected with Harriman & Co. here and more recently had been resident manager of Hemphill Noyes & Co. In April, 1929, Mr. Lockwood mar- ried Miss Marjorie Adams of New York. He is survived by his mother, his widow, a small daughter, Anne, and a brother, Winthrop Lockwood of Saranac, N. Y. Active in Club Affairs, Mr. Lockwood was active in club affairs here and in New York. He was a member of the Harvard Club of Washington, the Chevy Chase and Burning Tree Country Clubs, and the *» A5 Ticker Club. At one time he was president of the latter., In addition, he was a member of the Embassy Club of New York, the Harvard Club of New York and Walleston Manor Hunt Club of Maryland. He was a member, also, of the Church of the Covenant, Presbyterian. He was a life member of the Sons of the Revolution and traced his an- cestry back to earliest Colonial days. His great-great-grandfather was host to Gen. Washington and Gen. Lafay- ette at his home in Newark. Private funeral services will be held at the Lockwood home here, the iime to be determined later. Burial wili be in Oak Dale Cemetery in Troy, N. Y. “TOOTHPICK BURGLAR’S” LOOT TO BE AUCTIONED All Not Claimed by Tonight at Police Headquarters Will Be Sold. Exhibition of the unclaimed loot of the “toothpick burglar” will close at § o'clock tonight at police headquarters. Any one whose home has been robbed within the last year or two is advised to call at headquarters to see the ex- hibit. All unclaimed articles will be turned over to the police property clerk and sold at auction in six months. Lonnie Lewis Stillwell, the alleged “toothpick burglar,” has been held for grand jury action in connection with the amazing series of robberies. ANTHRACITE R. S.MILLER Merchant B805-3~ STNW. Nat 5178 THE GIFT STORE FOR ALL THE PEOPLE For the 42nd Christmas Wash- ingtonians ‘are coming to A. Kahn Inc. for ... DIAMONDS Diamond Baguette Wrist Watch 847.50 18 diamonds white gold. set in 14kt 17 jewels. Jewelers Stationers DIAMONDS WATCHES—SILVER LAMPS AND CLOCKS Platinumsmiths A. Kahn Jnc. Arthur J. Sundlun, Pres. 42 Years at 935 F St. Senate is back again! —and all Washington has received it with open arms! ® The popular acclaim, which has greeted “Senate” everywhere, is a tribute to its STRENGTH, PURITY ] AL and QUALITY . . . and to the Care, Patience and Skill which has gone into its making! ® To those who are already confirmed “Senators” we exten(j our appreciat}on. To those who have not yet found all the joy that the best in beer can bring, we suggest— ‘Ask for “Senate” by Name Wherever Beer. Is Sold