Evening Star Newspaper, May 5, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STA With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY..4.....May 5, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 1 _“and Pennsyivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. icago Office Lake_Michigan Building. ropean Ofice: 14 Regent S London, England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Fpe Erenine Star 43¢ per munth e Evening and Sunday 8iar (when 4 Sundays) 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star, (when 5 Sundays) -...65¢ per whe Sunday Star 3 5c per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. i Maryland and Virginia. 1¥r.$1000: 1 mo.. 85¢ 13rl. $800: I me.. 50 1yrl $4.00: 1mo. 40c All Other States and Canada. afly and Sunday..!yr.$1200:1mo., 3100 | ally oniw . 15r. $8.00. ITmo. 78| inday only 1y, $500. 1mo. 50¢ | Member of the Associated Press. | o Press 1o ezclusivaly entitl Sublication of il news dis @ Mot otherwise crea The Way Out. The Senate Finance Committee and the Semwwdc itself may, if they show statesmanlike qualities, put through a re je bill capable of balancing the | budget. The way out of the chaos into | which the whole question of levying texes has tumbled is simple. A return to the menufacturers' sales tax, a tax | really capable of raising revenue with the burden widely and fairly distrib- uted, would accomplish’ the desiréd end. It would stop the foolish and sinister “log rolling,” or combinations of votes in committee and in the Semate, on this revenue question. When the House Ways and Means Gommittee, after months of careful consideration and hearings, brought out the revenue bill containing the manu- facturers' sales tax, supported by Demo- crats and Republicans alike, it appeared?] that the problem of raising sufficient revenue to balance the budget had been solved. But many of the business men and manufacturers did not yet under-| stand that it had become necessary to| raise more than a billion dollars addi- | tional revenue. They were opposed to | any form of taxation. The result was| a drive to prevent the adoption of the | manufacturers’ sales tax. Many manu- | facturers joined in this drive along with the Progressives, though for obviously | different reasons. It was in vain that| the leaders of the House on both sides of the chamber argued that the manu- facturers’ sales tax provided the fairest method of raising revenue, since it applied to all industries except those producing food stuffs and a few other necessities of life. Members of the House, believing that they had heard the voice of the people and also of the manufacturing interests of the country, revolted And having revolted, the House did hear from the country. What it heard | was not at all complimentary. In a| panic, the House members fell over themselves to write into the bill all kinds of special “sales taxes,” which | they called excise taxes to escape the | bad name. In a rush they sent to the Senate a bill that has roused a wail of protest from the industries of the country and at the same time is likely to fail in raising the needed revenue. The Senate Finance Committee for three weeks has tinkered with the bill. It has voted into the measure and out of it import “taxes” on coal and oil and, finally, in a hopeless muddle, it voted these tariff taxes into the bill again yesterday. | Many of the Senators have become | eonvinced that the solution of the pres- ent difficulties of the revenue raisers is the manufacturers’' sales tax. Senator David A. Reed of Pennsylvania, Re- | publican, is prepared to fight for the suo- stitution of that tax for the hodge podge now in the bill. Senator David I Walsh of Massachusetts, Democrat, | is convinced that the sane and states- manlike thing to do is to restore the manufacturers' sales tax to the bill. | And from the House membership come | reports that if the Senate will amend the revenue bill by placing in it again the manufactur ales tax, the House in the end will accept it | The Bureau of Labor Statistics in its bulletin on wholesale prices of com- modities in 1931 shows the great drop in commodity es is country | since 1926, he prices of semi-manu-! facturered a es in this country in | 1931 were 684 per cent of what they| were in 1926, and in December. 1931, ! 62.2 per cent. The prices of finished Pproducts in 1931 were only 75.4 per cent | of what they were in 1926, and in De- | cember, 1931, 71 per cent. A tax, which | must be widely distributed by the manu- | facturers themselves, on their products' at these low prices will not materially raise the cos g of the individual , in th ! some members of Con- e nece:sary revenu: may soaking” the rich i nes of depression. The ve become so much poorer that empt to gain additional r sing income tax rates ‘The Congress itself has finally recog- | nized this to be a fact and has turned 10 special s taxes on a large number of commodi The general manufa turers' sa'es t would be fairer Lo dustry m no division botween the sheep and tie And a 214 per ¢:* tax on sales of manufactured prod- ucts will ne an impossib'e burden The revenue must be raised. Here s a way out 11 g:a - Russien intentio military equipment tmplies an o be conspicuously identified, s of formal recognition .- The California Symptom. | The results of the California presi- dential primaries, held on Tuesday, are undoubtedly depressing to the hopes of Gov. Pranklin D. Roosevelt of New, are disappointing both and symptomatieally. ' In the fi place, forty-four votes are taken from the prospective Roosevelt column at the convention and placed to the credit of a candidete who is generally regarded as being in the race primarily for the purpese of “stopping Roosevelt.” Himself thus far a favorite | son of Texas, Speaker Garner has that | present toial to ninety. This is rather the Hoover doctrine “involves DO WAT their lives that they more than a favoritz son's ghare, and lo prevent war, no danger of war aris- & living. they can't Btate's forty-six votes in his pocket, and Californis’s contribution raises his broader category for the present. ‘The symptomatic aspeet of the Cali- fornia vote is quite as serious a disap- pointment to the Roosevelt interest. Somewhat unwisely the voting was pre- ceded by the utterance of claims that the Governor would sweep the Pacific Coast State, that his popularity in the Western section of the country would be particularly manifest there. With the opposition divided between Garner and Smith, it was the apparently con- fident expectation of the Albany head- quarters that the Roosevelt vote at the primaries would be an impressive majority, and not a mere plurality. As the result stands disclosed at this hour, with the returns practically complete, Roosevelt polled only about thirty-three per cent of the total vote, while Garner took forty-one per cent and Smith twenty-six per cent. In other words, the outstanding favorite, according to the Albany claims before the primary, Tan a poor minority race. The moral effect of the California result cannot be otherwise than in- Jurious to the Roosevelt pre-convention campaign. According to some compu- tations, this turn-over to Garner in the Golden State raises the anti-Roose- velt strength as at present indi- " | cated to 467 votes, or 82 more than the one-third necessary to prevent & nom- ination on the first ballot. These fig~ ures, of course, are not absolute. They include all the favorite-son strength at present allotted, some of which may conceivably be won by Roosevelt in the readjustment which always follows the initial paying of compliments. But it has all along been the claim of the anti-Roosevelt forces that if he could not win the nominatien at once he would inevitably lose in a deadlock, and the California result quite plainly points now to a protracted struggle at Chi- cago, the end of which is beyond prediction. - The Washington Cathedral. The opening of the great choir and sanctuary of the Washington Cathedral comes fittingly on this Ascension day. Materially it marks a long forward step toward the realization of & com- | pleted temple of worship here which will compare with the ageless cathedrals in which medieval Europe found ex- pression for the music of its heavenward yearning. Spiritually it is more significant. The widowed years of this era of disillusion are clutching at the cross. The daugh- ters of time were wedded to gaudy dreams which are dead. They are trooping like black-garbed pilgrims away from the confusion of their broken homes to the changeless peace of God. Even a year ago there might have| been evident in this historic event more pride in the material achievement than appreciation of the spiritual symbolism. ‘Today the relative significance is trans- posed. The accomplishment of the cathedral builders stands in a truer light—the light of the late Bishop Satterlee's vision when he projected in Washington a house of worship for all people. ‘The Nation was born in religion. The forest was a cathedral and angel wings fluttered beyond the chancel windew of its sunrise. During the centuries it sometimes has wandered far in the lush fields of the material which pass through their cycles of blcssoming Springs and dead Autumns. There hu| been much confusion of the passing reality of the material and the eternal reality of the spiritual Religion is the everlasting element in any society—that which underlies all the external,, visible changes, that which survives when sall these have ceased. No medium available to man is capable of expressing inadequately the deep yearning, the sense of the reality of the invisible, which surges in the human spirit. The most satisfactory medivm is the most lasting—blocks of the bodies of the eternal hills. The great cathedral still is for from complete. Yet already it is fulfilling the purpose of those who planned it. To the unthinking it brings a sense of reverence, to the unbeliever a question- ing of heart, to the faithful reassurance, to the weary rest. It represents an effort by men of a tumultuous and reck- less time to offer their most perfect .materhl act of worship to their God, and as an expression of their aspiration to serve their fellow men. D A play dealing with local politics is said to be having its troubles in New | York owing to the disapprobation of | the mayor. Mr. Walker faces the risk of being classified by Mr. Sirovich as one of those critics who delight in dis. couraging authors. - ———— Unless the Lindbergh baby stealers bring their transaction to a close pretty soon they must be regarded as bunglers even by associates in their own sorry profession. e The Hoover Doctrine. Addressing the American Conference on International Justice in Washington last night. Acting Secretary of State Castle elaborated in graphic terms thi “Hoover doctrine” of non-recognition of erritorial gains obtained in violation of the Kellogg pact. This principle— the outlawry of conquest, as it has been aptly described—was laid down in the United States Government's note to Japan and China on January 8, reaf- firmed in Secretary Stimson's letter to Serator Borah on February 23 and accepted by the League of Nations on March 11 The “Hoover doctrine” has, thus, in a very real sense, become the law of the world. Its implications are destined to be much further reaching than the immediate cause which produced the doctrine’s promulgation—the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. It becomes a Stop, Look and Listen admonition which future aggressors will flout to their own undoing. The Hoover doc- trine beclouds the title of territorial aggrandizement achieved by might at the expense of right. It is designed to depopularize the old pastime of land- grabbing by branding international gunmen as outlaws and stigmatizing their spoils as stolen property. The Hoover doctrine of outlawed conquest takes its place alongside the Hay doc- trine of the Open Door as a constructive American contribution to the law of nations. Secretary Castle, besides elucidating how our policy of refusing recognition of illicitly acquired territory “puts teeth in the Kellogg pact,” sets forth that tone-transcending | THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, R |1t puts Mr. Gamer in a somewhating out of boycotts.” The acting head of the State Department has specifically in mind, no doubt, the misguided effort launched in the United States last Win- ter to embargo trade with Japan. Mr. Castle now places officially on record that this Government has no sympathy with such “sanctions” as trade boy- cotts and embargoes as & means either of preserving peace or punishing a peace breaker. A boycott, to be effective. means a blockade, the Acting Secretary of State points out. “And,” he adds, “if there is anything more likely to lead to war than a blockade, I have yet to hear of it.” It is the conviction underlying the Hoover doctrine that the organized | force of moral justice and mobilized world opinion is the most potent pre- ventive when war threatens. The Pres- ident believes in all measures hon- estly to avert war, but is determined that these measures shoulki not them- selves envisage war. He is consecrated to the conclusion that “a stern deter- rent of the use of force would be to make valueless the results of war.” ‘The Hoover doctrine, in short, seeks to Tam into the world's head that the me of conquest is mo longer worth the candle. Once that realization takes root, war for territorial gain is in ad- vance condemned to futility, because, In Mr. Castle’s words, “the spoils of war become Dead Sea fruits” Neither men nor nations customarily embark upon an adventure which they know beforehand is going to be profitless. J— ———— Capitol Hill is observing a not un- precedented delay for the purpose of | loquacious research for some method of distributing a tax that will not cause any stateman to fear hurting the feelings of a friend. - - Sentence of one hour's technical imprisonment may go a little way to- ward assisting the now -famoug defend- ants in Honolulu to forget the many hours of torture they have been com- { pelled to endure. e Honors are not withheld from Robert G. Ingersoll, whose opinions, though eloquently expressed, lost him many friends. None of his opinions contra- dicted his right to be remembered as a patriot. = iR The voting in California Democratic primaries may be construed as a gentle hint that Garner, Roosevelt and Smith might do well to hold a peace con- ference looking to a consolidation of forces. S When Huey Long sends a committee appointment back, he is like the cafe patron who returns his portion, ex- | pecting that something better will be served, with apologies. gt o R SHOOTING STARS. | BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Prisoner Departs. | The world is growing good and kind | A man was sent away Becasise & hasty frame of mind Had led him quite astray. The warden sheds a bitter tear; The guards are turning pale, | Because he made it very clear He does not like their jail. They put new plumbing everywhere, To drive away the gloom Sweet flowers they select with care | And place them in his room. | In spite of all, he left them flat. Their pleas did not avail. He slammed the door and told them that He didn't like their jail. Direct Appeal. “What you need to do” said the | close adviser, “is to appeal to the in- | terest of the new generation.” | “All right,” answered Senator Sor- | ghum. “I'll persuade some colleague |to attack me in a way that justifies lmy challenging him to a physical en- counter. Then you see what you can | do about having all the details carried | on the sporting pages.” Jud Tunkins says some of the bright economists can explain | about money except how enough to go 'round. Humor. The college boy thought up a wheeze | Quite debonnair and hearty, | That made old Aristophanes Seem like a prudish party. to provide Mental Attitude. | “I wouldn't marry the best man on earth.” said the irate young woman. “And if you did." sald Miss Cayenne, ‘you'd never believe it.” | “To have enough for your needs," said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is | a dream never realized. One need sat- | isfled opens the door to many new ones.” At Least One Bit of Good News. Hortense McGee, bereft of glee, | Made friends completely sad. ‘And. every now and then, said she, | “This world is just too bad!" , What next the weather man may tell ‘Will compensate for all. ! Hortense can lose her old umbrell | And wear a parasol. | 'Satan is supposed to be lyin' in wait,” raid Uncle Eben. “It looks to me like any hidin' he does is foh de !sake of dodgin' de folks dat crowds ! around tryin | e | British Protection. | Prom the Oklahoma City Daily Oklahoman. ! Perhaps Great Britain increased her tariff schedules to protect British work- ingmen from the pauper labor of the United States to git introduced.” .. - - Operatic Notes. From the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. The financial difficulties of grand | opera indicates that some promissory | notes have gotten mixed in with the high ones. " ———— The Taxation See-Saw. Prom the Schencctady Gazette, What a world! Taxing the people to build a track for trucks; taxing them { more to save the railroads from truck | competition. A “Dry” Song. From the Detroit News Time was when “Nobody Knows How i " was a song instead of a | Congressman’s idea of political strategy. ——n— Paradox. { Prom the Columbus Ohio State Journal, Now, when a large number of persons have discovered for the first time in ve to work for any work. everything | THURSDAY, BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “Beautiful, but dumb,” the phrase m fl*fllmflnly& friend say. living creatures seem to be gifted with caution. His instinct of self-protection is about nil. Especially in the evening, that most Icvely time of ing and Summer, when fading sunlight transforms ga dens into falrylands, this companion: !able bird loses its last vestige of com- mon sense. . ‘Then it hops around placidly beneath shrubbery and evergreens, oblivious to human Leings or any other creatures. | We stood about four feet from one one ) ever and it paid no attention to us. Pic] up & =mall stone, we tossed it in the general direction of the thrush in order to test its cense of danger. A mildly at the rolling pebble, which came within a few inches of its feet. Then, as if nothing had happened at earth beneath a climbing rose vine. * ok ¥ % |ot jazz bands? This was the question which into an observer's mind as he 1&“’“ to the wild melody of one of these | birds, singing away at dusk on & branch {of a tree but a few feet from the lis- tener's ear. It was the first time a thrush had | honored ther friend by a concert at |such a close range. | Ordinarily he heard them from a dis- tance, and mostly during their two fa- | vorite hours, from 5 to 6 o'clock in the | |morning and from 6 to 7 in the eve- \ning. There is nothing hard and fast abcut these times, of course; they vary with the season, the bird, and so on. The listener® had always suspected that the thrush made & great many sounds which were not clearly distin- d, and which did not seem to have much relationship to its primary song, the flutelike, descending strains which stand out so clearly and unmis- takably from the songs of other birds. He did not know, however, just what the thrush did, and there was no way of vkl’\o‘lmx. indeed, unless the bird came close enough to be observed clearly. * ok ok X “What a fine, grand opera chest he ‘lhns." thought the observer, as he hap- pened to notice a thrush on a bough within a few feet of the window. It sat with its feet clasped around the | small bough, its serious placid eyes look- ling into space, its bill pointed to the | sky at an agle of about 45 degrees. It was getting ready to sing. First it puffed out its chest, already very full, but now larger than ever. Then it gave two preliminary clucks, for &1l the world like the customary duet of admonitory raps which the dance orchestra leader gives with his | baton on the side of a music rack at | the commencement of a number. one of the trills for which the thrush is famous. e el So this was the way the thrush sang. to hear him sing, if it may be put that way. No sooner did he utter his two clucks, in a low, coft volice, his bill opened for the triolet, or what- ever one might choose to call the first phrase of his beautiful song. In a concert of about 15 minutes the singer did not once omit these prelimi- nary clucks. as if he needed a bit of di- rection before attempting his major work. Usually his song falls into four ds- | ATERLAND, Lucerne—To what | extent the motar car is respon- ) sible for increase in crime is as yet impossible to determine. That it has been a great factor in facilitating the escape of criminals and furthering the which illegal activities of every sort may be carried on are indisputable facts, tbut at'¢he same time it may reasonably be alleged that the police and all other investigating and law-enforcing bodies have been endowed with the same op- | portunities for energy and speed. If the thief, manslayer or smuggler can travel faster than he ever did before, !so can the gendarmes. and unless the vehicle of the malefactor is superior to that cf the authorities, they can over- take him, too, provided the alarm is transmitted in time. But there is the particular in which | the rogue on wheels has the advantcge of his pursuers. A little delay multi- plies many times his former chances of | escape. and besides affords him easy | conveyance for the pernicious weapans cf his trade, and commodious transport |for his ill-gotten or unlawful freight. Besides its obvious contribution to crimes of depredation and violence, the auto- mobile has been a convenient agency in many unworthy intrigues and liaisons. x % % | Irish Catholics Urged to Help Poor. | Irish Independent, Dublin—The an- | nual report of the Particular Council of the Derry City Conference of the St. | Vincent de Paul Soclety states that the | prevailing distress, intensified by the economic crisis, necessitated not only a much greater expenditure upon relief, | but also increased calls upon the leisured | members. The president said it wes | depressing to see the number of Catho- |lies in Derry who were wasting their | time, money and morals attending pic- ture houses and other places of amuse- ment. Speaking of Exeter, Maj. Morris, a former governor of Dartmoor Prison. said that some critics attributed the in- He would like to rig crities up in prison suits of clothes, give them prison meals for a week and let them test the alleged luxury equipment. If the alegation that our prison officers pampered prisoners was allowed to go unrefuted, they would have people saving they were not going to help Discharged Prisoners’ Aid Eo- clety. o ox ¥ Jobless Fed Free | With Bolivian Fund. La Razon, La Paz—Thanks to the | humanitarian activity of the society which has charge of La Olla de los more than a thousand meals are being dispensed daily for the benefit of the elements which do not have any work in Oruro, For the support of this char- itable enterprise, those more fortunately situated have not been sparing with their obols, for which kindness they deserve the gratitude and approbation of the whole community. | Barcelona Clinie Improves City Health. La Vanguardia, Barcelona.—'Medica Barcelona” is the name of the new medical-surgical inctitute which has just opened its doors in our city. It is the first of its kind in Spain, though similar clinies have been established in America. Indorsed by the sanitary commission, and conforming to all legal rogu.re- ments, this service assures both - ment and medicines at nominal cost for a clientele which previously was unable to avail itself of such privileges because of eipense. This nsary, with branches to be established throughout the city, will care for the sick either st their homes or at the clinic, as the case necessitates. Some of our most proficient doctors parently it had none, for it looked | all, it continued its investigation of the | Is the thrush the original conductor | tened | Each “cluck cluck” was followed by | One had to be able to see him sing | than his lttle | throat wrinkled twice, rapidly, and then ' immunity with | crease in crime to pampering in prison. | some of those | | is already noted a strapge absence of . of cell | Desocupados (“'Pot of the Unemgployed”), | tinet portions; but, as with most birds, there is no law about it, somesmes he sings but three phrases beginning the whole thing over again. * x % K The song of the thrush, therefore, may be regarded as one song or as or four songs. Perhaps all bird songs |are to be listened to in the same way— that is, what seems to the listener a varied song is in reality several song- | lets. In this fine music, speaking of woods and streams and moonlight, the thrush takes no conscious part. He is but an instrument, uttering his notes because he has to, a part Nature's efforts at self-expression. ’k He speaks for Nature and s Nature’ vaice. | This somg, one thought. is just as | much a part of him as that spotted chest, mrpmlsely in the same way. |~ He had nothing to do with the selec- tion of the spots, he has nothing to do with the choice of song, or even of | whether he shall sing. | g* * x ¥ He sits there and sings, that is all, until darkness descends. Now watch him as he finishes his first phrase, the first phrase of his scng. | He was singing to the east. Now he hops around gravely and stands with his bill peinting south. His chest inflates, his two-fold soft | cluck strikes the ear, then his throat | gulps twice and he sends forth his clear, | almost double, trill. Now he turns to the west and repeats the performance | Just before hopping around to face | north, he strikes his bill rapdily twice cn a small branch to one side of him. This seems to whet his appetite for scng, for now he launches that remark- able harmonic with which he likes to end his song, shrill yet soft, a sound of sheer ecstasy which gives the listener the impression that he wants to outdo all his previous efforts. * k% % But we have Sustlnld that the thrush has nothing to dolwith his singing, in a sense, his song s as unconscious as hi very bill, or brown back, or spotted breast. Is it ecstasy? In the interest of truth and justice there should be no wriitng on Nature which attempts to read into the animals and the birds thoughts, ideas or even sentiments akin to those which play such a large part in the lives of human beings. Sometimes it is almost impossible to avoid doing this, and in a great many instances no harm at all is done, espe- cially when the writing is in the In- terests of the creature. It probably will make many readers listen for thrush music, if they are told that the thrush loves to sing, and that he gets a “real kick out of it—" Why, just watch him there on that bough, surely he is enjoying himself immensely! It 1s when Nature writing begins to lambaste animals, through some special amimus, that one is able to see clearly the evils which result from considering the brute creatures as in all things like unto ourselves. The special campaign | now being conducted by various persons in this country, and probably through- | out the world, against the house cat is a gase in point. One of the charges most commonly made is that eats an- nually slay “huge numbers" of birds, but no statlstics are ever given, and, in- deed, there is no way of getting any. Mostly such writers harp on the theme that the cat is “sneaking.” thereby at- tributing to it the opposite of a manly Quality. The plain truth is that the cat is clever in stalking its prey, that is all. It is untrue and unjust to label it “sneaking.” It merely functions as Nature m=de it. and if any one objects, | he should send his objection higher ! than this earth. Highlights on the-Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands |are co-operating with the project, from purely humanitarian motives, and are willing to contribute their skill and ex- perience without charge in the matters of diagnosls, X-ray analysis and all | other features of advanced medical science, including the lgtest accom- plishments of surgery, hospitalization, maintenance and even pecuniary as- ’t:lsum:e. if justified by the general |state of the patient's family. ;or all | these benefits are secured upon the pay- imen!. of & merely nominal monthly fee, 10 pesetas for a whole family, and five | pesetas for an individual. There is also | & special monthly rate of eight pesetas | (62 cents) for families unable to pay a ‘hllher registration fee. The first unit and headquarters of this worthy enter- prise are located at Balmes, 81. » ¥ Discontent Spurs | Authorlties In Spain, | A. B. C, Madrid—The motif of the | general strike, echoing from Valencia, | now sounds its dreadful tocsin at Cor- | doba. Discatisfied workers in that mis- tress of the Gaudalquivir are found in every trade, and the majority of them will Jay down the implements of their | callings. Some of the inspirers of such detri- mental action have been arrested, but seem to be taking their incarceration | very philosophically. Having accom- | plished their designs, in spreading dis- | content among such of their fellows as were vet fortunate enough to be em- ployed, they feel, apparently, that they }cnn with propriety enjoy a holiday in the cool retirement of the provineial ‘penm‘nmry. However, as a precaution the guards have been augmented. As a further factor mating for transquillity, the anarchist, Alfonso Nieves, and a certain syndicalist named Anton were removed from Cordoba in heavily armed | motor cars, the first to Barcelona, and the sacond to this capital. With the | knowledge that their leaders are no longer near, even in confinement, it is likely that the strikers will lose some of their audacious impetuosity. There unanimity among the various groups of malcontents. They are all clamoring, | but for. widely variant desiderata. | It is very doubtful whether, under such conditions, the state could be of | much assistance. even if it really at- tempted to accede to such conflicting ‘dem-ndx. Meanwhile, due to the with- | drawal of the bakers from industry, | squads of the Intendencis (administra- | tion guards), reinforced with soldiers from the garrison of Seville, have had tc make their own bread, one more jeopardy to which these faithful pro- | tectors of the law-abiding public are exposed! | The principal endeavor of the au- thorities will be now to prevent vio- | lence, preserve property. and let the manitestation expend 8| | shger vocal exhaustion, There is little contriving where there is volubility. | e _ Perilous. From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, Camden County medigal authorities say kissing is dangerous. 1t certainly is the cause of & lot of complications. — e ——te———— A Catch Somewhere. From the Lynchburg News. Fewer coile girls marry, we are told, but whether that means men shy at iho educated woman or that the edu.2ted woman is more particular hasn't been determined. = i —aiee. The Roundabout. | Prom the Neanvilie Gentleman believes this Nation needs to do a right-about face. As long as | :.cm:u: to' run moaning in & v.h:' | would do. through | it would have the “nationalists” who MAY 5, 1932, The Pol.itical Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Speaker John N. Garper of Texas taok on two New Yorkers, the presént governor, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the former governor, Alfred E. Smith, and beat them both in the California presidential preferential primary on . Perhaps it was & case of too much New York. Every one. among the Democrats, seems happy about the outcome of the primary except the Roosevelt supporters. Up in New York Al Smith, who ran third, commented pleasantly on the personal compliment paid him by the Californians who voted for him. Mr. Smith did not appear to be disturbed over the fact i that he had run third in a State where he rolled up more than 600,000 votes in the 1928 presidential election. He may have been more gratified at the jolt which had been handed to his old political ally and friend, Gov. Roosevelt, than he was discouraged over the defeat of his own candidacy. Rk o If the Callfornia primary checied the Roosevelt band wagon, at least it dem- onstrated rather conclusively that the Smith wagon has come to a complete halt. It will matter little, so far as Mr. Smith’s own candidacy is concerned, | whether Mr. Smith picks up Connecti- cut’s 16 votes in the Democratic Na- tional Convention, or even if he gets New Jersey's delegations at the insti- gation of Mayor Frank Hague. There is just one thing that many Democrats appeared to be willing to bet on today. That is that Al Smith will not be the party nominee for President Just how far the California victory will resuscitate the drooping candidacy of Spoaker Garner remains to be seen. It has given his friends in Texas and in ConBress a chance to cheer. Bul the Speaker's boom took a terrible tum- ble after the fiasco in the House over the revenue bill. More recently the utter failure of the Democratic leadership of the House to handle the economy bill, so-called, put another erimp in the Speaker’s ambitions. It is unlikely that Mr. Garner's candidacy will receive any | material support in the great States of the Middle West, according to Demo- crats from that section. Indiana. Ohio and Ilinols, for example, will not turn to the Speaker. * % ok x Mr. Garner has kept mum on the prohibition question so far. But if he is to be a real candidate for the presi- dential nomination of the Democratic party, he is not likely to be able to maintain that silence much longer. It served his purpese in California, where the dry sentiment is esgtchlly strong in Los Angeles County, the great popu- lous county of the State today. R b velt and Smith are both out in the open in their opposition to the reten- tion of the eightcenth amendment. The ' California drys quite naturally rallied to Mr. Garner, who has had a dry record in Congress since the days of 1917 when he voted against submis- sion of the eighteenth amendment. He voted for the Volstead act and for the Jones-Stalker “five-and-ten” law and for all kinds of dry enforcement pro- vislons. He hafls. to be sure, from & dry district in Texas. RS But the Speaker probably realizes that & bone dry Democrat is not going party in this year 1932. It will be up to Mr. Garner to make some kind of public statement regarding prohibition before the convention assembles, unless he is willing to be content with the support of the Southwest and the South. And such support will never by |itself nominate a presidential candi- {date. The Democratic party in the 'mll States of New York, Illincis, | Pennsylvan’a, Ohio and practically all of New England, not to mention Mary- land and Wisconsin, has espoused wet cavse. Mr. Garner will have to stand at least for a resubmission of the eighteenth amendment to the people. | Some of the wet ocrats will insist | that he go even further and declare | himself inimical to the eighteenth | amendment. | K * Mr. Garner's Califcrnia victory un- doubtedly will be acc'cimed by favorit £en candidates for the Democratic pri | idential nomination. With Rooseveit | trotting along at a 2:20 clip there seemed litt'e chance for any of these favorite sons. But first Al Smith in Massachu- setts and now Gerner in California have demonstrated that the New York Governor is not unbeatable in primary | States, provided the primary is picked with care. The outlook, for example, for Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland and for that long shot, Newton D. Baker of Ohio, has cheered up quite 8 bit in the last two or Lhwee weeks Gov. Ritchie's friends expect that a | great_deal of the Smith strength in ! the Democratic National Convention | will be transferred to him at the proper time. Indeed, Gov. Ely of Massachu- setts during his trip into the South for “be Governors' conference in Richmond indicated to some of his friends that Massachusetts delegates, if Smith could | not be nominated, would likely swing to Ritchie. * % * Mr. Baker still clings to his asser- tion that he is not a candidate. But Ohio has long been a “mother of Presi- dents.” And the Democrats, if they | do not take a New Yorker may weil | turn to the Buckeye State for a candi- date. Of course, Ohio has other sons who might fill this bill acceptably. There is Gov. George White, who will have the vote of the Ohio delegation on the first ballot at least. And for- | mer Gov. “Jimmie” Cox, the Demo- cratic standard bearer in 1920, would | like to have the nomination very much if all reports be true. Senator Robert J. Bulkley, who won the senatorial elec- | tion in Ohio in 1930 by a big vote and | is a strong opponent of the eighteenth | emendment into the bargain, also may | be an Ohio prospect for the Demo- ! eratic presidential nomination. All of these Ohio presidentizl possibilities, by the way, are no longer, if ever, com- mitted to the dry cause member of the Wickersham Commiis- son declared flatly for repeal of the eighteenth amendment. George White was elected as a dry when he ran for Governor two years ago. but he has come out in favor of resubmission of the eighteenth amendment. Cox has declared many times the need for doing away with national prohibition. * % The anti-Roosevelt Democrats are all smiles today. They have reason to be after a period of the blues. But the New York Governor is not out of the picture vet. As is pointed out by his supporters. he will in all probability g0 into the convention supported by upward of 500 deiegates. and may have a majority of the delegate vote. That is nothing to laugh off. McAdoo in !1524 had less than a majority of the celegat: vote in the Madison Square Garden convention, but it took over 100 b:llots to shake hum oif. The Demo- crats are snxious to win the election this yeer They b:lieve they have the best chance fcr victory since 1916. They wish to pick a candidate who can carry the party to victory. They are not, on the whole, so anxious to pull the poiit- ical chestnuts out of the fire for Mr, Smith, Chairman John J. Raskob of the Democratic National Commitiee, Mayor Frark Hague of New Jersey. or any one else who may have a private grudge in this matter. Although Roose- velt did not carry the California pri- mary, as so many of his followers out there had predicted he would. he ran second end well up towerd the Ga vote, with the wet vote split betwesn Ro2sevelt and Smith . EE The Demoerats must determine, if they can, which candidate could do best in the greatest number of States. £mith, outside of New Englend. New York and New Jersey, would be a less formidable candidate than any they could put up. Garner, it is said, would make no hit in the Middle West and the North and East. The West: would not look with favor on Ritchie. Baker opposition of _ the oppose AmesAd to be the presidential candidate of his the inot established on a ANSWERS TO QUESTION BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Have we had the pleasure of serving | 1899. His process has been improved you through our Washington Informa- tion Bureau? Can't we b_)a ‘(’)‘u;ol’b“ help to in your problems? usiness is murnuh you with authoritative in- formation, and we invite you to ask us any question of fact in which you are interested. Send your inquiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D. C. Inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Q What was Hans Wagner's batting average?>—G. H. F. = A. His lifetime average is .320 Q. How many men have piloted au- tomobiles at a speed greater than 200 miles an hour?—F. L. D. A. Only five. They are Maj. H. O. D. Segrave, Daytona, Fla., 203.97 mil hour; Roy Keech. Daytona, Fla., 20’ miles per hour: Prank Lockhart, Day- tona, Fla., officially exceeded 200 miles per hour in trials, but was killed when rying to beat the Keech record: Lee Bible, Daytona, Fla, 204 miles per hour; Capt. Malcolm Campbell, 245.73 miles per hour. Q. What is the maguey or agave used for in_ Mexico?—J. S. A. It is used by the Mexicans to prepare a fermented intoxicating drink. The sap of the plant is taken out and allowed to ferment. It has neither food nor medicinal properties. Q. What is meant by an omnibus pen- sion bill in Congress’—M. E. 5. A. Tt refers to 2 bill which is com- poced of many small pension items to individuals. | Q Whieh was crzanized first, our Army, Navy, or Marine Corps?—E. McC. nists against the British enemy occurred on land and at sea more or less coin- cidentally over a long period, and it is impessible to asiign any date which would show which arm of the service was first in this regard. Q. What Is termed the most perfect QGothic structure in America?—S. R A. Chicago. Q. Has Bstonia a President?—W. B. A. Estonia became a republic on Feb- ruary 24, 1918, after the Bolsheyist !coup d'etat in Russia. The head of [ the Estonia Government is called of- ficially “State Head,” and that office corresponds to that of president in other | republics. The present state head is | Konstantin Pats, who' took office on February 11, 1931. Q. What is a sand-box tree?—LMcC. A. It is a tropical American euphor- biaceous tres, Hura'crepitans, having { sule which when coxpletely dry bursts with a loud report and scatiers the seeds, Q. Can a person employed in a post office_also be a school trustee?—R. C. A. The Post Office Department says {that post office employes may _hold other positions as long as the positions are not secured by vote or any type yof election. If the position is ap- pointive, it is permissible for the em- | ploye to hold it. Q |in which Washington and his men crossed the Delaware?—G. M. A. A patriot, now almost forgotten, John Glover. He rose to the rank of brigadier general , Q When was artificial made?—D. S. | A. A substitute for silk has been sought for a great many years. As jearly as 1855 George Audemars of | Switzerland patented in England a | process for making artificial silk like filaments from collodion and liquid rub- |ber. The artificial silk industry was mcuul basis, however, until the inven of a French s count, Hilaire de Chardonnet, who ex- hibited & cellulose yarn in Paris in silk first A. The rising of the American Colo- | The University Club building in | | they a depressed ‘many-celled woody cap- | | Lexington . Who was in charge of the boats | | Bible called the Prophets. and developed into the rayon of today. Q. What is the weather forecast flag that means a cold wave is coming?— K. N L A. The cold wave flag is a white flag with a black square in the center. o & W was Tintoretto so called?— A. Jacopo Robusti was the son of a sitk dyer—Tintore. The boy helped at his father’s trade and from this fact arose his name Tintoretto, or the little dyer. Q. Which State has the most rallroad track?—J: P. T. A. In 1930 Texas operated approxi- mately 17,111 miles of railroad. Texas has greater railroad mileage than any other State. Statistics for the next three s are_as follows: Illinois 13.588 Pennsylvania, 11,773 miles, and Iowa, 10,030 Q. What was the cause of the ducl between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr’—B. F. A. A political quarrel of long stand- ing was aggravated by Burr's defeat for the governorship of New York, which Burr attributed to Hamilton's activity against him. Burr challenged Hamile ton to a duel on the ground of an alleged insult. The duel was fought on July 11, 1804, and Hamilton was fatally wounded, dying the next day Q. Where is the gold mining district in the Philippines?—H. S. Baguio. 100 miles north of Manila, is the center of the gold mining dis- trict. There are three modern mines in_operation. The output of gold in 1930 totaled $3,828,600. Q How many music scholarships are there in this country?—P. J A. The Etude has made a survey of the situation and announces that there are more than 3,000 scholarships of- fered annually and that a half million dollars s expended for them. Q. Who was the poet who, before his death. burned all of his verses—B. F. A. Prancisco de Pigueroa did so, but were afterward collected and published from copies in the hands of his friends. Q. Who founded the library of Ox- ford University, England?—A. C. A It was founded by Sir Thomas Bodley in 1602. Q. Where are the largest tobacco cen- ters in the United States?—C. T. C. A. The three largest tobacco centers in the United States are: Lexington, Ky.. which handles approximately 99.- 000,000 pounds a year: Wilson, N. C., with 77.790,000 pounds, and Greenville, S. C. with 62,365 000 pounds. Of these is primarily a burley to- bacco market, while the two others are Emdommamly flue-cured tobacco mar- ets. Q. Are there any caribou in the United States?—M. A. A. The caribon in Alaska are the only ones now found in the United States. They inhabit the reindeer re- gions, largely the tundras and barren mountain ridges. ©. What is meant by haphtarah?— H V. E A. Tt is a lesson of the Nebiim. Ne- biim refers to the books of the Hebrew The word haphtarah means valedictory. It is one of the lessons read in the Jewish | synagogue on Sabbaths, feast days, fasts and the months of Ab, at the end of the service, Q. What is the purpose of the pres- ent bonus bill which is before Congress? —S. R. H A. The present bonus bill that is up for discussion is to provide for the ve!- erans to borrow more than 50 per cent of the face value of their adjusted serv- ice certificates, Although acknowledging that there verdict and that the case is probabl not closed. there seems to be a dis- | position on the part of most of the | press of the country to accept the wis- dom and sincerity of Gov. Rolph of California in refusing to pardon Tom | Mooney. “The decision of Gov. Rolph deny is unquestionably in accord with n of the intelligent, fair-minded public.,” says the San Jose Mercury- Herald, which contends that, “while the people of California have the real background of the Mooney case, the |outside world has the propaganda background.” I has this to say: lief that commutation. cumstances, is impossible, and Mooney’s insistence that he cannot accept a parole, and will be content with noth- ing but a full pardon, are compli- cations which make impossible any compromise. With the records before him and faced with fyll pardon or the denial of the same, the Governor has added his word to that of the Su- preme Court of California and his predecessors in office.”” As the Boise Idaho Statesman tersely -phases it: “Gov. Rolj thinks Mooney and must commended for his cour- age in acting accordingly.” Analyzing the question, Daily Northwestern says: op “It is true dence helped convict Moone: has been admitted, at any rate. Yet ! the Mooney sympathizers, with all the flood of propaganda in his behalf, have | failed to introduce any | suficient to sway four different Gov- Biker as a | ernors and the Supreme Court of Cal- | (o, As the Columbus Ohio State ! Journal puts it: “Four Governors, four investigating committees, the California | Supreme Court and seven members of the United States Supreme Court. ali | ifornia.” of whom have unanimously agreed, cer: tainly cannot all be wrong * K kK | _In the opinion of the Yakima Daily Republic: *The Governor is to be com- mended for having the courage to stand fast. No convict in San Quentin has a clearer title to his sentence than Tom Mooney.” The Oklahoma City Times, however, remarks: “After reading reams about the Mooney case, there re- | mains an element of doubt about his guilt or innocence, but it is not fair to assume that those who have studied it long wish to punish an innocent man.’ And the advice of the Daily Oklahoman is for “all who take any part whatso- ever in this controversy to fortify them- selves with the facts before they either ' demand {12 release of the prisoner or his continued incarceration.” | That the present decision will not be considercd a final judgment is the cpin- | ion of several papers. ‘Apparently the State of California and the Nation have not heard the last of the Mooney case,” says the Connellsville Daily Courier. “Perjury is the worst crime on the calendar,” according to the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, which goes on to say “Perjury permeates the Mooney trial and imprisonment. Trut.u, under such circumstances. when ‘crush't to earth’ has its most difficult task of rising again entry into the League of Nations and the cancellation of the debts owed this Government by foreign nations. It stily remains a fact that Roosevelt has dem- onstrated popularity in the primaries right in the middle of e\e: nd State conventions in New Englind. New York (the Buffalo district, where e beat Smith), Wisconsin, Michigan. the Dakotas and many other States. Sorne of the hard-headed Democrats may come to the conclusion that, after all, he is their best bet in the race to | ithe market page under a Wall Stre heading. be made next *»vsmber against Presi- dent Hoguer, will be some dissatisfaction with the | ing Mooney’s application for a pardon | the | gone carefuil is guilty | the Oshkosh that a certain amount of perjured evi-| ingion Leader at new evidence | o1 11l o cousins, the economic m: Majority of Press Approves Refusal to Pardon Mooney In this instance it probably never will arise to the point of recognitio Although ft appears obvious “that st the time of the trial Mooney was an undesirable citizen with a bad record,” says the Omaha World Herald, “that fact will never reconcile men and wom- en who love justice to his punishment for a crime of which, in their opinion, he is innocent, and for which he was convicted cn parjured testimon: the other hand, the Boston Evening Transcript remarks: “Men who have over the record have ex- themselves as convinced that the evidence for conviction was sufficient | without that of the iwo witnesses who were discredited. Had there appeared a reasonable doubt of the man's guilt, The Oakland Tribune | it is hardly conceivable that it would “The Governor's be- | not have been brought out to the satis- under the cir- | faction of court er Governor at some stage of these successive appeals for clemen x w %k Pointing out that “long before this Mooney could have had his freedom if he were willing to apply for a parole,” | the S:ranton Times comments: “Tom., however, insists on his innocence and declares his purpose of spsnding his life ‘inside’ unless given an outright pardoen. Application for a parcle, he contends, would be equivalent to an admission of guil The Rutland Daily Herald af- firms that “in case of doubt, naturally the cautious executive declines to go back of the record. So also the Lex- “It is impossible to go behind the case as it stands. As to T Mooney, himseif, as a pris- oner, the Lincoln State Journal de- ser'bas him as Narly disagreeabl npered,” 2nd notes that on hearing the Governor's de- aled a bitter hatred against stem in this country that n securing his release at any future time.” It fs the frank opin- ion of the New York Sun that “Mooney himself has fared at the hands of s friends. ad refrained from agitation he might by good con- s many life pris- r suggests, as it s fallen in with the " Along_these speaks the Roanoke World- g: “Apparently Mooney is to rtly because a con- f people in Califor- nia regard him as a_bad actor, who is better locked up: and partly because of the cxXtravagant assertions and injudi- cious actions of those who have volun- teered as defenders. Neither ground seems sufficient The World-News fure ther esserts: “Unless Cilifornia is pre- pared to defend the sentence on the ground of a legal conviction beyond & reasonable doubt, it would do far better to turn its prisoner loose. In fact, it should have done so years ago.” Babe’s the Bigger Job. From the Junesvile Dally Gazette Some of the folks seem to have a notion that Mr. Hoover's to be maintained as high Ruth's, slthough, of coursc. Mr, Hoover| has less public responsibility commen the existing s will not aid i effor same 1is New: . In the Thick of lr From the New York Sun The average men, at whom so muc! recent conversation hes been directed may be distinguished {rom his distanf and the for- that he hing. gotten man, by the fac e Blue Styles, Blue Finance. Prom the Harrisburs Telegraph “The prevailing color this season blue,” says a fashion note, but we sus pect the item should have appeared o