Evening Star Newspaper, April 13, 1930, Page 34

2 THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, APRIL 13, 1930—PART TWO. —_— e e Y ————————————— plmueottoodmknthmnndfihem-!the slain man alleges, the alley i . THE EVENING STAR ' With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BSUNDAY.. April 18, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ., . Editor tar Newspaper Company i Benmiyivanta, Ave et 110 Kast 4204 Bt Lake Michigan Bulldine. a4 Regent London. Takian: tengo. O | Bt ! Rate by Carrier Within ihe City. T3 Evenine & 450 rer m ar . .80¢ per month per month per copy ay St Collection made at the end of sach morth. Qiders may be sent in by el of tertidone Ational 8000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. d and Virginia, Sinday” only’ All Other States and Canada. day..1 yr.. $12.00 It ’g“:lmmnu yril $5.00; 8¢ Member of the Assoclated Press, ssociated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news df t otherwise cre - 1 mo.. : 1 mo.s published on of special dispatches herein are also reserved -_— Gen. Crosby and the Police. Gen. Crosby has probably received more expressions of confidence in his ability to handle a tough job than any man who ever took over the diffi- cult task of supervising, as a Com- missioner, the Washington Police De- partment. The nature of the controversy over his status as a retired Army officer has tended to embarrass him with praise, for those who took the stand in behalf of his eligibility pointed to his fine record in the Army as an argument, while those who opposed his eligibility were careful to point out that their opposition was not founded on lack of faith in his ability but upon points of law for which he was in no ‘way responsible. As a matter of fact, this likable and - efficient soldier should be well equipped to deal with the physical aspects of the Police Depatment, for his long experience in Mindling men and in “maintaining disc'pline and morale will stand him in gocd stead. His attractive personality will win him many friends and inspire the faith and allegiance of his subordinates. But Gen. Crosby will find that main- taining good morale and esprit de corps in the Police Department is & task that will tax the resources of a genius. When & body of men in uniform is constantly under a steady fire of innuendo and un- .substantiated charges, while they watch from the ranks the effect of pot shots taken at their constituted superiors, their morale naturally wilts away like a platoon charging a machine gun nest. ‘They become suspicious of each other, and a certain premium has heretofore been placed upon tale bearing. Some- times the transfer of one police private from one precinct to another involves the precinct commander in enough cor- respondence to settle the war debt, while the business of administering disciplin- ary punishment will evoke upon the head of the department enough criti- cism to blacken a man's character and put him under suspicion as a derelict and a lawbreaker. Gen. Crosby will find awaiting him certain recommendations from the ad- ministrative heads of the department for reorganization and enlargement of personnel. These recommendations have been urged heretofore without much success. Their merits must, of course, be judged carefully by those responsible for making the changes, and Gen. Crosby is not apt to rush head over heels into any feverish indorsement of this and that. He will take the recom- mendations under study, and after a necessary lapse of time decide for him- self what is best for the Police Depart- ment. No one doubts his judgment nor his ability to carry out his decisions, But the fight he has ahead of him is not confined to enlarging the detective bureau, establishing an efficlent school for policemen and getting more patrol- men on the streets. His greatest task is to rebuild the faith of the commu- nity, and of the police themselves, in the Police Department. He will find that the police are subject to the same sort of unwarranted attacks as that de- livered from the floor of the Senate upon the citizens of Washington who contested his own eligibility—such as, “To refuse to confirm Mr. Crosby would be to lend encouragement to those very elements in the District that oppose his nomination because they do not want the police to enforce the law.” . These are the most injurious attacks, for they resort to rhetorical trickery and misrepresentation in place of the truth and the facts. The Police Depart- ment has suffered more from thesc at- tacks than from merited criticism. No man could enter upon his duties with & more sympathetic and loyal commu- nity of law-abiding citizens supporting him than Gen. Crosby. And the police themselves welcome his leadership. r—.—— pect that the Army’s field would lose its” temporary character’ and by sube stantial construction assume the ap- pearance and permanence that its ime portance deserves. But Bolling Fleld is & one-way fleld and too small. It was felt, therefore, that before the per- manent construction went forward, the fleld should be enlarged as planned. While waiting for the enlargement bf the field, the appropriation for new construction lapsed—and is no more, A bill has passed the House and is now peading in the Senate appropriat- ing $666,000 for acquisition of 480 acres adjoining Bolling Fleld to the south. ‘This new land is separated by a gully, from the present field, and is fairly clear and level. Little grading and filling in will be necessary to make it a fine avia- tion field. But even after the money be- comes available it will be two years or more before the land can be purchased. Some of it will doubtless have to be con- demned, and that takes time. ‘The economy that lies in waiting for an appropriation totaling $756,000, nec- essary to begin building the fleld anew, while fire destroys property valued at $2,267,000, is questionable, In the mean- time fire risks that have existed since the field was established will continue for several years more. Bolling Field was established as an “emergency” fleld, but the emergency passed ten years or 80 ago, and a dozen permanent Bolling Fields could have been built since then. —————— An Express Highway. An interesting proposal in road build- ing and an indication of what the main highways of the United States may be in the future is the plan of the New York & New England Motor Ways Corporation to construct a four-track express artery from New York to New Haven and eventually through to Boston. With no intersections along its entire length, the proposed highway will have & mimimum speed of thirty-five miles an hour on the fast track and thirty miles an hour on the track for slower moving vehicles. The maximum speed will probably be as fast as the motorist cares to drive, The highway, according to a bill already introduced in the New York Legislature, will cost approxi- mately two hundred million dollars and can be completed within three years from the time that it is authorized. Each motorist will be tharged a one-doflar toll fee. The States through which the road will run can recapture it within a year after due notice is given to the company operating it. ‘The plan to build this highway fol- lows two of motordom’s distinct tend- encies, the general widening of all high- ways to permit two-way traffic in both directions and the lifting of speed limits, The roads of yesterday cannot carry the traffic of today and every State has come to this realization. And while the construction of wide hard- surfaced highways is an expensive proc- ess the use of the automobile has in- creased to such proportions that no ionger should motorists for pleasure or business be offered a narrow strip on which to travel from city to city. Con- gestion on narrow roads both from the standpoint of likelihood of accidents and the loss of time has been found to be far more expensive than the con- struction of the proper width of road. ‘With the present perfection of the automobile, speed limits have naturally undergone a revision upward and in some cases have been .abolished alto- gether. The quick-stopping, fast-accel~ erating car of today with its balloon tires and sturdy parts is more of a men- ace when driven slowly on a crowded highway than when, with due judgment on the part of the motorist, it is driven fast. Most automobiles manufactured are capable of speeds In excess of Sixty miles an hour and while this speed ten or fifteen years ago was considered al- most suicidal and spoken of in awe as “a mile a minute,” there are to- day numerous stretches of wide concrete road on which there is comparatively little traffic and few intersections where sixty miles an hour is a perfectly proper and safe pace. If the New York-New Haven project does not go through immediately it seems almost a certainty that it and others of a similar kind will In the near future. In fact it is not necessarily in- dulging in a flight of fancy to predict that within the next twenty-five years or so motorists may set out from New York on an express highway running straight through to the West Coast and that the speed at which they travel will be of their own selection—that is, down to a very definite minimum which will be as rigidly enforced as the maximum has been in the past. The American public has spent billions to “get there faster” and there is no indication that more billions will not be spent for the same purpose. epoa In addition to regulating movie mor- als, Mr. Will Hays may have to estab- lish in addition to facilities for moral instruction a school of languages for the benefit of talking pictures meant to entertain foreign patrons. e P To be truly thorough the census should include & questionnaire to show how many members of each family are habitually armed; if so, how much and Wwhy. —————— 1t becomes Dr. Reichelderfer's privi- lege to give out prescriptions for the public welfare, marked directed.” e Fires at Bolling Field. Since 1920 five fires at Bolling Pield have destroyed property valued at about $2,267,000. But the remarkable thing about these fires is not the damage th2y have caused, but that the majority of buildings at the field still remain jn- -~ tact. None of the buildings is fireproof. The hangars are built of steel frames and covered with heavy corrugated sheets of metal on the sides and roofs. But this metal, in turn, is tresved with watergroof tar coating in order to. pro- tect it from rust. The tar coating, once ignited, burns like tinder and leaves the steel frames of the hangars twisted and useless. Other buildings are “temporary” frame structures put together during the feverish days of the war. They are dry and a spark is enough to set them off. As the material kept at Bolling Field is highly in- flammable, any fire threatens & holo- caust. : About two years ago Congress ap- propriated $80,000 for the construc- tion of permanent bulldings at Bolling ¥icld, and there was the usual ap- If, as the former working partner of questions is being " - a | “To be taken -sI Murder in Cold Blood. ‘The cold-blooded murder of Prohi- bition Agent York early yesterday morn- ing in an alley in rear of Armstrong High School raises & point that may be sat- isfactorily explained by the police, but which is difficult to understand from the reconstruction of the crime as thus far pleced together. It is un- derstood that Agent York entered the alley alone; that the two men in the suspected automobile ran away, and after they ran he stood by the steering |- wheel of the car and blew the horn for about twenty minutes. He may have been trying to summon aid and he may have been signaling occupants of houses to turn out and tell him what they knew of the car. At any rate, while he was blowing the horn, a man stepped up and shot him and he died: It was not until police of the second precinct were summoned by a telephone call that they knew anything of the crime, . ‘Where were the police? It is possible, though improbable, that if an officer patrolling his beat after midnight heard an automobile tooting for twenty min- | utes, he would pay no attention to it and go on his way. He might be tol- erant enough to disregard such noise in the dead of night. But what about the pistol shot? Surely that-would have summoned & patrolman on the run. And if no patrolmen were within hear- ing distance of the shot, why not? known as a “tough spot” in Washing- ton, it would seem reasonable to believe that its occupants were under rather close surveillance, * If* the, is not tough, nor its occupants oj to sus- plcion, s it possible that there are so few patrolmen on duty at night that a man can be shot and the sound of the gun pass unheard by a policeman? If that is so, it is time to give serious thought to a matter that has been—it must be said in all fairness—emphasized for some time by the Police Department. As'for the death of this Fédleral of- cer, no comment on the tragedy could be more poignant than the brief para- graph here quoted from a news report of the incident: York is survived by his widow and three small children, rt, nine; Charles Irving. four, 'and James, six months, ~ Another child was killed in an ' automobile accident about two months ago. ‘The cold-blooded and vicious nature of the crime, as well as the fundamental point of enforcing the law, should serve to spur the police and, if necessary, the Department of Justice to extraordinary efforts in apprehending the murderer Unfortunately, the slayer had plenty of time to lose himself after the shoot- ing. But he is somewhere andl he must be found. It is such erimes as these that test the strength of government. Deadly Bus Driving. A train-bus collision occurred Friday in New Mexico with a result of nineteen deaths and eight serious and possibly mortal injurles. This would seem to be the last word in criminal recklessness. The collision occurred in desert country, where there is wide vision. The train was plainly in sight for a considerable distance. Every indication points to the fact that the driver of the bus tried to beat the train to the crossing. He was traveling at about thirty-eight miles an hour when he reached the track end, finding that he could not quite make the jump across the ralls, turned off the road and was sideswiped, the train run- ning a mile and a half past the crossing before it could be brought to a halt. ‘The driver’s miscalculation of dis- tance, or failure of judgment, or pos- sibly whimsical endeavor to make a hairbreadth crossing in front of the train caused one of the worst disasters in the history of bus transportation in this country. The driver is dead and cannot be punished by the law. But there are other drivers coming along, operating these vehicles daily on long and short runs, who are just as much disposed to take chances. It behooves every bus transportation company, whatever the route followed, to elimi- nate from service all operators who are in the least degree inclined toward chance-taking on the road. Of course schedules must be maintained and speed is necessary. But there is no excuse for speed at dangerous points, through con- gested places, at rall crossings. ‘This accident in New Mexico will eost the operating company a heavy sum in dam- ages and much more in lost patronage unless reliable assurances can be given to the traveling public that scrupuldus care will hereafter be exercised by every driver on the road. ———— vt A. A. A will have special offices at Alexandria for the benefit of motor tourists in Egypt. King Tut was sur- rounded by unlimited luxury and mag- nificence, but would have enjoyed more real sport if he could have postpgned his earthly sojourn until some time in the twentieth century. o More and bigger landing flelds are constantly suggested by aviation ex- perts. In addition to the thrills of the sky travelers are those constantly ex- perienced by the rustic realtors, vt It used to be cynically suggested that a4 woman might not know her own mind. Mrs, McCormick of Chicago does so with unmistakable emphasis, e e Each campaign is regarded by many political willing workers as another movement to provide more employment. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Sequence of Events. One day I met a violet ‘That smiled into the sky. A robin, too, with note so true, Came boldly hurrying by. The wandering breeze among the trees In fragrant dreams was lost, ‘The world seemed fair without a care— And then there came a frost. One day we see existenee free From any thinking sad. Life seems so gay, with no dismay, ‘Where naught goes to the bad. ‘The sun shines bright where shadows light, One through the blossoming tossed. Life’s very sweet and all complete— And then there comes a frost. Oratorical Brevity, “What are you going to say in your campaign speeches?” “I can't tell for sure,” answered Sen- ator Sorghum. “If some of the Inex- cusable attacks on me are persisted in, maybe all I'll get a chance to say is ‘Not guilty.” . Jud Tunkins says most women who smoke don't do it graceful. They ought to usé one of them long holders so's to | Li keep folks from thinkin’ they're liable to get absent-minded and swallow the cigarette. The Real Student. The merry boss to pleasure turns While we eat simple hominy. ‘The one who pays the taxes learns Political economy. A Disposition Spoiled. “You should never be disagreeable your comment.” \ “Couldn’t help being s0,” answered Miss Cayenne. “We motored to one of those places where there was nothing to talk about except the weather.” “Wasted money,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may be replaced, but wasted time is gone forever.” Earning His Pay. Some say his pay sbould be much less For work that he can show; But think of all the wickedness He is compelled to know! “When & man honest he 15" said Uncle Eben, “I won- 3 “A REJECTED OPPORTUNITY” BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D,, LL. D, Bishop of “I] thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! But now they are hid from thine eyes.”— St. Luke, 42, ‘The old aphorism that opportunity knocks but once at the door of Iffe 15 suggestive, if it is not altogether accu-. rate, There are men and women who pass through life with no seeming con- sclousness of the opportunities that come their way.* They may come fre- quently and oft, but they do not recog- nize them. Very often these people are the ones who Inveigh most loudly against their fate. It has been said concerning the great Master of men that the words of the above text are among the saddest that He ever uttered His affection for Jerusalem, the capital of his nation, He demonstrated again and again. The very crowded streets of the city seemed to draw Him. Even at a critical stage, when He knew that a conspiracy had been formed to destroy Him, “He set His face steadfastly to [ up to Jerusalem.” Palm Sunday marks what is com- monly called triumphal entlx into the Holy City. It had been a day of strange contrasts, from the wild ac- claim and seemingly cordial greetings of the holiday throngs, to the later de- mands of the turbulent muititudes for His life. To no other city in the world's history was a greater opportunity given than that which came to Jerusalem. Beated one evening on the brow of Mount Olivet He saw the cit: Him in all its splendor. Before HI vision was the far-famed temple, with its spacious courts,,together with the homes of the high priests, as well as those of the ruling powers that had been imposed upon the people by im- perial Rome. In deep reflection and with intense yearning, He beheld the city. As he wept over it, He uttered the memorable words: “If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! But now they are hid from thine eyes.” With all their spiritual ideals and yearnings, their long centu- Washington. ties of waiting expectation, the people failed to see in Him the high approx:- mation of their hopes. “He came unto Hl.: own, and His own received Hfin not.” ‘This_story, taken from an ancient page, finds repetition in other periods and under other conditions. Whether it be the city, the nation or the ‘indi- vidual, the opportunity of recognising the supreme significance of the Master's life repeatedly presents itself with its unique and irresistible appeal. Our own generation does not differ from those that have gone before. True, evidences of worship in one form and another present themselves on every hand. True, the lowly Nazarene is coming to occupy a place in the life of the world that is wholly unique and incomparable. We yield to Him the highest place as teacher of the noblest system of ethics the world has ever known. The words that feil from His HF occupy & large place in the world’s literature, It has been said that if the New Testament were wholly lost to us its mighty story could be re- covered in its entirety from the volumi- nous quotations contained In literature. Once again we enter upon “Holy week.” Once again the dramatic and tragic incidents that concern His con- demnation and crucifixion will be re- hearsed in every land and in every tongue., Once again the great tuer{ will go forth, “Is it nothing to you, ail ye that pass by? The words of the poet come back to us: “The cross on Golgotha ‘W1l never save thy soul. ‘The cross in thine own heart alone ‘Will make the whole.” Again the opportunity for acceptance or rejection is at hand. The waiting Saviour of mankind still pauses at the threshold of every life saying, hold I stand at the door and knock.” The recognition of His lofty teaching is one thing, the appropriation of His teachi: quite another. Has the world en upon & new opportunity-time? Are we again eonfronted with the question asked of old: “Art thou He that should come, or do we look for another?” | “Ruth” Has Better Chance for Senate Than J. Hamilton Lewis|iowhs Feomn BY WILLIAM HARD. CHICAGO, April 12.—Personal in- quiries in Illinois convince this writer that the chances are that Mrs. Ruth Hanna McCormick, Republican nominee for United States Senator, has the bet- ting edge against James Hamilton Lewis, Democratic nominee, for election next Fall, in spite of the fact that Mrs. McCormick is running as a dry and Mr. Lewis is running as a wet in a State in which possibly the wet sentiment—or, at any rate, the wet practice—is the dominant one. The reasons for this prospect are numerous and have a large national significance. In the first place, Mrs. McCormick has preity well erased whatever disad- vantages she was under through being & woman and has nearly succeeded now in turning it into an asset. She has built up for herself a sort of emotional and affectionate following, easier for a woman than for & man to acquire. 8he has become a kind of political screen heroine, whom no political screen hero in lllinols ean rival for glamourous in- terest. i Some Democrats, indeed, last Tues- day deserted the primary of their own party and voted in the Republican pri- mary for Mrs. McCormick on the theory that Mrs. McCormick's sex would make her a weaker candidate against their Mr. Lewis in the Fall than Mr. Deneen would have been. That theory is likely to be totally exploded. Mrs. McCor- mick has got hundreds of thousands of voters in Illinois into calling her “Ruth”; and a large part of the whole Tllinois electorate begins now to take a home-town pride in seeing how far “the little lady” can go in the great big na- tional political world. Mr. Lewis at the present writing seems likely to lose votes rather than gain them through his op- ponent’s femininity. In the second place, Mrs. McCor- mick’s record on the League or World Court is clearer and more obviously consistent than Mr. Lewis’. Mrs. M Cormick joined her late husban tor Medill McCormick, In an unwaver- ing opposition to the League from the moment of its appearance as an issue in American politics and she has con- tinued to oppose the League and all its works uncompromisingly ever since. Mr. Lewis, on the other hand, happened in the early part of the year 1919 to be the accepfed spokesman of the Wilson ad- ministration on the floor of the United * “bout how | W keeps talkin' w| who t States Senate, and as such it became his duty to make a great many opti- mistic speeches about the international ace and good will which President Wllmn‘s labors at the Paris Peace Con- ference might be expected to produce. R It is highly probable that Mr. Lewis performed this duty with a great deal of skepticism and & great deal of dis- taste, and it is certain that virtually immediately after his departure from the Senate in March of 1919 he took an attitude !tm}ll{;’l cflllicnl of m:;lg.:; sential rts of e League co A ‘There l:. not the slightest doubt that Highlights on thg Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands elbach and Schloffer, arrived recently at Marseille in their collapsible boat. They entered upon their journey on the Baltic Sea, then traversed the German Qcean (North Sea), and on through Holland, up the Rhine and down the Rhone, to the Gulf of the Lion in the Mediter- ranean Sea, They then skirted the coasts of Italy, thence to Sicily, Tunis and Tripoli, before journeying to Egypt, in order to surpass the best previous record for a folding boat. At present the world record for a water trip of this sort totals 10,000 kilometers. * kX X Macdonald in for Nobel Prize. Neues Wiener Abendblatt, Vienna.— Information from Stogkholm apprises us that the Social-Deomcratic faction in Sweden is urging very strongly the bestowal of this year's Nobel prize to the English prime minister, Mr. Ramsay Macdonald. If this sentiment in favor of Mr, Macdonald follows a course that develops it into an act or resolution, the award of thé prize to him is practically assured for his accomplishments in be- half of popular sovereignty and world ce. o koK K K Dead Teach Living How to Live. Imparcial, Montevideo, — The are teaching the living how to livel ‘They have established a school in Ger- many where human skeletons show men and women how health and stren earnest though Germans, since the war, to develop & generation of supermen and superwom- And to show the manner in OLOGNE GAZETTE. — Two ( young Col students, Steck- to preserve their It has been the ent endeavor of the humanity now exhibit themselves in different postures at & sepulchral con- Ysmon which engraves iselt ‘wpon- the Wl engraves u pils. You see seated at Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. “The recent discussion of the merits of clivil service retirement legislation, with the Dale-Lehlbach bill to liberalize and more nearly equalize the benefits under the retirement act to megt needs shawn by the actual working of this law, has afoused Nation-wide interest in the superannuated veterans who have given the best years of their life, by scores, to special important work in uilding up the Federal service for the benefit of all the le. There is in- teregt to know who is the oldest em- ploye in length of service as well as age, and to know of the various ways in which superannuated employes have given re- markable service by devotion to duty for many decades. ‘The writer recently called attention Henry L. Bryan, editor of the laws of Congress, who was formerly private secretary to Thomas F. Bayard, Secre- tary of State in the cabinet of Grover Cleveland, who was* pol Tyler Dennett, historical adviser to the Department of State, as & veteran pub- lic servant whose place it will be ex- tremely difficult to fill. ‘“For more than 30 years he has is work because he loves it—he makes the Government service honorable,” ently, slan, ats to the oldest employe in the municipal wumnem of the National cer!m, lliam Tyndall, 86, Civil War veteran, who has been an active worker in the Capital for 61 years, and who will automatically retire in August. He is the author of a standard history of ‘Washington City. o ‘There are other octogenarians with remarkable careers in the Government service who have kept the wheels of the Federal machinery running smoothly for many years, whose praises have not been publicly sung, but who have taken pride in their jobs and who will be sorely missed when the date of their retirement comes. For example, there is Edmund E. Schriner, now in his eighty-third year, still full of vigor and the spirit of youth, amazingly active after 67 continuous years in the service of the Government. He was born in 1847 in Gettysburg, Pa., and his family rl:moved to the Capital City one year ter, In 1863, when he'was 16 of age, he entered the service of War De- during_the Civil War, and was relieved in December, 1867, for a for on the 1st of the he again _entered the service, this time in the Treasury Department. One month later, on March 1, he was transferred from the Mr. Lewis is a sincere, and even vio- | division of appolntments to the Bureau lently extreme, anti-leaguer and anti-|of the Currency (as it was calied at courter, but it is also true that some of | that time), under Director Hulburd. his party pronouncements in the Sen- Mr, Schriner has remained in the ate on Mr. Wilson’s League inte: can be with some effect quoted against | from that day to this. He now occu- him in this strongly anti-League and|pies the position of superintendent of anti-court, State. the redemption division, which office he On the court issue, therefore, Mrs.|has held for many. years under sic- tions | office of the Controller of the Currency Yo McCormick will again have a slight ad- vantage over her rival. On the liquor issue it might seem at first glance that the adyantage might be on Mr. Lewis' side. Certainly a very large number of Chicago and Cook County wets who voted for Mrs. Mc- Cormick against Mr. Dencen, on the ground that Mr. Deneen was drier, and also on the ground that they never did personally like him anyway, will in the Fall: vote for Mr. Lewis against Mrs. McCormick, on the ground that Mr. Lewis is welter, which he most cer- tainly is. The Cook County political machines which supported Mrs. McCor- mick against Mr. Deneen are virtually unanimously wringing wet, and in_the Fall they will by no means give Mrs. McCormick the solid, enthusiastic vote which they gave her in last Tuesday's primary. x k% % A certain considerable amount of | bolting from the Republican column into | the Democratic column on Mr. Lewis'| behalf will therefore undoubtedly occur next November. Two factors, however, will tend to check and outweigh it. . o the overwhelming Repub- | licanism of the State. The other is the remarkable capacity of drinking Illinoisans to vote for dry candidates. This is a capacity shared, | indeed, by muititudes of other Ameri- cans in other American commo! wealths, but it seemed in Illinois es- pecially notable, It must be doubted if the eighteenth amendment and its attending enforce- | ment statutes are anywhere treated with a more lawless contempt and dis- regard than in Chicago. Yet Chicago has three dry Repre.entatives in the Lower House of the Federal Congress. The state of mind of many an Illinois persistent prohibition violator seems to be to the effect that dry Congressmen do not make liquor any harder to get and that, accordingly, it is all right, from the wet's point of view, to vote for a dry candidate if the dry can- didate is for other reasons pleasing and satisfactory. The state of mind might be changed if the wets of Illinois at this time saw any hope of actually repealing the eighteenth amendment or of abolishing prohibition enforcement, but they do nut. Endless numbers of them there- upon, being Republicans, will vote for the Republican senatorial dry nominee, Mrs. McCormick, and will then go on violating prohibition and denouncing it,_just as before. ‘For _these reasons it is probable that Mrs. McCormick will be, not only the first womon to nominated by a major political party to the Senate, but also the first woman to sit in the | point. dead Senate by election. (Copyright, 1930 of positions which affect the health are clearly indicated. The lazy man who has abandoned himself to attitudes of indolence, after seeing these exhibits, ey to remedy his pose with energy. e professor who has arranged this ition in & school for children in Berlin says that no more impressionable method of bringing home these truths has ever been devised for the benefit of the German public, It is, indeed, as if the dead had re- turned to earth in order to instruct the ltving. L Glorious Uncertainty In Gardening. Manchester .Guardian.—Gardeners for the most part seem patient and unex- citable people, but there must, after all, bé a certain element of glorious uncer- tainty about their ancient pursuit. “Thanks to the mild weather,” de- clares a correspondent, “I have this week gathered from an asparagus bed cessive Controllers of the Currency. According to the provisions of the re- tirement law as at present in force, Mr. Schriner, who s still extraordinarily vig- orous and active in his eighty-third year, is scheduled for retirement in August next, after having received sev- eral extensions of time, due to his abil- ity to perform all of the duties as head of the division, which has a large per- sonnel and an intensified daily schedule of work. R Americans Demanding Better Food Supplies BY HARDEN COLFAX. During the war the rallying cry of the A. E. F. recognized all over the world, was, “When do we eat?” Ever since the war the forces of business and industry have taken up this cry, with a slight alteration. Today the question “Where do we eat apd what?” is about the most momeéntous which faces the | business wotld. The American appetite is just as strong and healthy as it always has been. In addition, it is a more culti- vated appetite, which has expanded with an improved standard of living. Business men have recognized this appetite as one of the constant factors in the merchandising of American products and more and more of them have gone into the lines which feed it. Whether the country is prosperous or not, 120,000,000 people have to eat. Few of them are able to overcome the supetstition that it is necessary to eat three times a day. As a result, busi- nesses today are aitering rapidly to in- clude food lines. * ok ox % Qrocers declare that their customers now demand that the stores, whether independent or units of & chain, carry meats, as well as all sorts of vegetables and staple groceries, Grocerles are nearing the department store scale of operations, where it is possible to sat- isfy the majority of one's needs with- out leaving the bullding. This trend store field, and stores of that character today are carrying meats, groceries, condiments and other food products. ‘The food ifdustry is the largest and oldest industry in the world, and it is estimated that 25 per cent of the Na- tion's income results from the produc- tion and merchandising df food prod- ucts. The demand for food is stable, while the sales of so-called luxury products advance in prosperous times and decline under depression. Com- panies are now operating throughout the Natlon which specialize in as many as 100 different food products. * x x x One of the oldest and largest of the chain grocery concerns now has en- larged 20 per cent of its stores to carry additional food products, such as meat. In a survey just completed of 86 chains of grocery stores it was digcovered that 61 per cent had perfected enlargements to carry additional food products. This trend has done more to aid the farmer than the artificial raising of grain prices. In most cases the live stock feeder and grower is in an exceedingly fortu- nate position at present, with a ready market for everything he raises. The changes in the eating habits of Ameri- cans have fn some instances led the farmersto go too far. Take the case of lamb. There has been a tremendous amount of Spring lamb consumed in the United States in late years. The farmers, encouraged by this, have in- creased their herds to the point where many of them are not making profits on the meat they raise. This is also true of the dairy industry. Farmers made millions in the production of butter fat, and then they overproduced butter fat and the prices dropped. LR R ‘The number of retaurants in the country, according to governmental bu- reaus here, has increased along with made last Spring some fine mush-|the other methods of merchandising rooms.” food products. This to some extent is Now if he had only had the sense|a result of the apartment house vogue, to Xhm mushrooms he might have had { which places a premium on space, so a fine crop of asparagus by this time, |that adequate kitchen room is some- and fresh asparagus in Winter would |times lacking. be more highly regarded than any form| There is no question that the diet of fungus. Another. time he might try|of the American people has changed in thistles and see if he gets any figs, in defiance of the popular belief on this e e e Chance to Be Happy. From the Buffalo Evening News. If women feel sorry for the bride and men feel sorry for the groom _they usually live happily ever afterward, —————————— Prefers Hat to Crown. From the Dufuth Herald. King Alfonso may lose his crown. But as for that, he has always acted like a man who would prefer a soft hat. There's No Fun in It. From the Des Moines Tribune-Capital, FrR i folka"Vio: 1iva Tn e Bousks 1o throw Lo o : late years. The old era of pounded and fried beefsteak and fried potatoes has given way before the advanced methods le. of tumrnmuon and preparation .of ood produdts. It is now pos- sible to secure fresh vegetables prac- tically all the year ’'round at reason- able cost. The fruits. canned goods industry, on farming, on the railroads and on the resturants. Expansion of the food industry prom- ises to continue indefinitely, for the travel habits of Americans are growing and their palates are being educated foreign cooks to demand sfill additional products on their return home. (Copyright, 1930.) — Chicago Future Windy. Prom the Detrait News. tion, even ita in & it O S same a $o fresh ‘This has'had its effect on the | ;, . INDUSTRY IN MINIATURE BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘The need for money is not confined to people who lost in the stock market, who have bought unsound ofl stocks or who are out of work. In countries where the standard of living is rela- | tively low and little money is available to the average man facilities for small | loans are espocially required. Japan sach a nation and long strides have | bee: made in recent years in setting | up small-loan machinery, according to @ study which Herbert M. Bratter of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce has made on the subject. In one sense small loans are more imperative for the people of Japan than those of many other industrial nations. Japan is & country where home industry occupies a position of special impor- tance. A vast volume of manufactured | products of great variety is produced in the homes of the people. In an in- | dustrial nation like the United States | the worker in industry has a job and | draws regular wages when at work. In Japan millions are their own bosses in industry. They buy raw materials and in their own houses fabricate them into H & minimum of about $15,000, and he may engage in no other business. This is presumed to remove the temptation to employ bank funds held on ;!Do!n in some other business in which the or- ganizer is involved. In the United States, for instance, muny a bank di- rector has borrowed excessively from his bank in otder to help out his dry goods business or lumber business to the ulti- mate sorrow of his depositors, The organizer of the Japanese loan company, or “mujin,” as it is calles, then may obtain subscriptions to stock and this accumulated capital is lent in small amounts. The members or shareholders have first call on this Teservoir of capital. Sometimes those who shall receive loans are selected by drawing lots. In this way the money is distributed as by a lottery, save that the winner merely wins the right to borrow and he must repay with inter- est. In other cases the system is for the members Lo meet and bid for money. those offering*the highest rate of in- terest, provided the security also is good, being awarded the loans. As these loan socicties are not rich insti- finished products. Some do such home work on behalf of contractors who sup- ply them with orders, but there are many free lances, Such workers, obviously, from time to time need financial help to obtain raw materials before they can produce the goods from which their living is drawn. The amounts are small, just as the output of each home factory and the profits of labor, too, are small. It is industry in miniature. Class Solidarity in Japan. Such a system has made the Japanese workers thrifty and content with rela- tively little In comparison to the motor- carred and radioed American. It has given the workers a certain class soli- darity which makes for co-operative enterprise in many respects. So com- munity loan societies have found a fertile field. Not, however, without strict regulation by the state. It is somewhat difficult to present the picture of the economic position of the Japanese worker to the American mind, 80 wide is the gap between the stand- ards of living. For example, in_this country, any one who wants a telephone is free to have one even in rural dis- tricts. So long as he pays his bill he may become one of many millions of telephone subscribers and belong to the freemasonry of those who complain of wrong numbers and service in general. In Japan to have a telephone is a dis- tinct privilege. It has to be paid for, but money alone will not buy the privi- lege. Telephones are doled out cau- tiously, and to own a subscription is to n possession of an important asset. Such_subscriptions are negotiable and transferable. They are traded in. Privilege Used as Collateral, Reference is particularly made to this | because one of the prime securities for | a loan at & community loan organiza- tion is a telephone subscription. A man may borrow money putting up as col- | Interal his telephone subscription. In default of payment of the loan the telephone privilege passes to the lender, | who may advantage himself by vending | it where he can. i Land, buildings, tools, equipment and securities also are eligible security and | limits are placed on the amount of money which one person can borrow. | The system followed by the loan co- operatives is of particular interest. A Japanese desiring to organize such a | loan company must, by law, himself have | | are virtually all held by laborers, tutions such meetings for lot drawing or bidding are open air affairs, the members sitting or standing around in tic Japanese aignity followin the pro- ic Japanese dignity follot e pro- ceedings. The Central Chest. ‘There are more than 14,000 ch loan societies, having nearly 4,200,000 members. These small loan organiza- tions have a sort of reserve system somewhat akin to the American Fed- eral Reserve system. There is estabe lished what is called the central chest, Varfous co-operatives have put up cap tal for thiz chest. which functions as a sort of central bank, like an Ameri- can Federal Reserve bank or like the Bank of England. The Japanese gov- ernment holds half the stock. It di- rects the flow of credit. helping out by rediscounts Joan companies and co-op= eratives which are pressed for funds, and maintaining a balance of credit supply throughout the empire. ‘The pawnshop, the poor man's bank all the world over, flourishes in Japan, but in this field, too, co-operativé effort has been manifested. There are some 40 or more public pawnshops which have been organized by communities and undertake to make small loans on personal property at rates lower than those charged by the 18,000 private pawn brokers. Loans to an individual average around $2.50. The term of loans runs from three to six months and rates vary from 20 to 48 per cent figured on a yearly basis. The co-op- erative pawnshops charge less, Labor Unien Bank. In an effort to bring better borrowin | conditions to the poorer workers of Japan a labor union bank was estab- lished last year by the All-Japan Labore ers’ Association. It started with a cap- ital of only $10.000 and its 2,000 shares This bank was organized especially to strike at the high rates of the pawnbrokers. Seeing what the workers are doing for themselves. co-operatively, in the bank- ing field, there is a disposition on the part of the big. old line commercial banks to adopt a more liberal attitude toward the small borrower, as is the case in this country, The Japan Day & Night Bank, for example, has just inaugurated a small-loan department and, indicating that its managers have | an insight into what class of people need money the most urgently, has re- stricted its small loans to married men., Fifty Years Ago In The Star Samuel J. Tilden, Democratic candi- | date for the presidency in 1876, and all | . but elected, was not the The Fading favorite oxl his plr:.‘y‘ 4 four years later on the of Tilden. ove’ 5t the nominating convention. A marked change of senti- ment had occurred. On this point The Star of April 5, 1880, says: “An Oswego, N. Y., editor addressed a circular letter to the Democratic pa- pers of the State asking their opinion as to the advisability of renominating Tilden. Seventy replies were received from that nuigber of Democratic jour- nals published in 50 counties. Only 13 of the replies were favorable to Tilden, and several of them in a quali- fled manner. Fifty-seven Democratic editors recorded themselves and the journals they control as unalterably op- posed to Tilden's renomination, and as a rule they have the opinion that he could not carry the State. With but few exceptions those who returned re- plfes unfavorable to Tilden expressed the opinion that very many Democrats would vote against him even if he were {has even extended to the department |made the nominee of their party. This exhibit probably startled Mr. Tilden's friends and supporters in the State. It shows that the opposition to him com- prises & majority of the party and the influential portion of it, too. It shows, too, that Mr, Tilden occupies a very different place in the estimation of his party than that held by him in 1876. Then the Democratic papers, with few exceptions, were doing battle for him. Now they are against him. The replies received did not include any of the metropolitan papers, the inquiry being directed to journals outside of New York City and Bmklyn."" * * A description of a case of stock brokerage - trickety _published i The tar o T ) ., Profitable i shows btsnc the financial jame ars A WAS Brokerage: B o e oy novices to play angerous one for “The manner in which the sharps of ‘Wall Street fleece the flats who trust them with money for speculative in- vestment is very plainly illustrated by the developments of a lawsuit now in course of trial in New York, The vic- tim in the case, Miss Livingston by name, met the family of a broker at Saratoga in the Summer of 1875 and in the course of a conversation with its head stock operations were spoken of. The result was that she placed $1,000 in his hands for the purpose of specu- lating in stocks on her account, the gen- eral understanding being that the broker was to use his own discretion en- tirely in b“i""l and selling, she express- ing her willingness to lose that amount and agreeing to furnish more if neces- sary, but hoping, of course, to double or treble it, as dupes always do in such cases. “The broker began his operations on the 17th of August and rendered written or oral statements of his transactions from time to time, until the 27th of De- cember of the same year, when he pre- sented his final statement of account for settlement. This document, which indicated both profits and losses, in va- rious transactions, showed a general loss during the whole term and on all the business done of about $300, or & shrinkage of the original capital from $1,000 to $700; but it contained also & charge of $3,431.50 for commissions on several transactions. At Miss vingston was first frightened, then indignant and finally became stubborn. Bhe refused to pay and was sued in consequence. “In course of the trial the broker was compelled to exhibit his books, and hese disclosed the faot that one or more ‘transactions’ were made for his customer on every one of the 111 days intervening between the 17th of gust and the 27th of December, except 29, and, of these, 19 were Sun- days and 3 were legal holidays. There were in fact 356 operations. gross amount of purchases and sales, stated at par, was about $3,500,000 and ew York Now 1o Have Open-Air Grand Opera BY HARVEY ANDERSON, NEW YORK, April 12—A few years behind other ' cities, including Angeles, Kansas City, St. Louis and Chicago, New York is &t last providing for open-air grand opera, To make up for lost time, it promises an oute door theater and a series of produc- tions on a much larger scale than any other such enterprise in America, if not in_the entire world. It was learned today that the newly organized Long Island Open-Air Opera Association would proceed immediately with the temporary construction of an open-air auditorium near Great Neck, Long Island, to seat 10,000 persons, this to be replaced later by a perma- nent structure of possibly greater seat- | ing capacity. Great Neck is in the New York suburban area. The site of the new open-air civic opera is a beautiful wooded, naturai amphitheater, easily accessible by many highways and ideally suited to land- scaping and, architectural needs, but chosen primdrily for exceptional acous- tic properties. * x ok % Among the organizers and supporters of the project is Otlo Kahn, New York financier and patron of the arts. Others include many persons prominent in New York North Shore soclety. The first production will be “Tannhauser,” which will be given early in June, Bennett Challis and Hans Taenger, members of the German Grand Opera Co., were active in launching the plans for the opera, and will arrange and supervise the productions. The incor- porators of e association are . Arthur 8. Dwight, Walter Bockstahler, George Nichols, James H. Baker and Mrs. Roswell Eldridge, all of New York and Greot Neck. As Long Island has only a few slight suggestions of hills, it may never hope for such a magnificent mountain-top amphitheater as the incomparably beautiful Hollywood Bowl, nor will it be able to find such a natural setting as that of the famous Greek Theater in Berkeley, Calif. With these advantages, California has taken the lead in spec- tacularly beautiful outdoor produc- tions, * ok ok ok The Bohemian Grove, on the Rus- sian River, in California, is perhaps the most magnificent outdoor theater In the world, with the great redwoods providing & mountain setting a mile in depth, lit by flares, for the action {of the play. The annual play of the Bohemian Club of San Francisco, usually operatic in form, attracts visitors from all parts of the world, and the grove productions have been re-enacted in Europe, with which, cul- turally, California is in some ways in closer contact than it is with New York. California enjoys another ad- vantage in great outdoor opera and drama in a rainy season which accome modatingly adapts itself to these seo- sonal requirements. This, with fits beautiful wooded and mountainous set- tings, is one explanation of California's legdership in great outdoor art. ew York has an offsetting advan- tage in being the money center of the country. The Great Neck project is regarded as merely a beginning, ex- perimental in its opening stages, but the North Shore colony is ready to pour in its generous resources in mak- ing its open-air civic opera the best in_the world. Commercialized entertainment of the Broadway stamp has been slipping dur- ing the last few years, and New York has been hearing of a widespread cul- tural renaissance springing u¥ in the West and the Southwest. he new opera project is one of several instances in which the great m cis are movir'g with the stream of .cultural attainmen in many trapsactions did not exceed one-fourth of ®1 per cent, but on every purchase of sale the broker charged his regular commissions, which amount w0 an average of nearly $50 a day. “Comment upon such a rascally per- formance is hardly needed. Yef it is doubtful whether this ex & single other mo into the alluring flame. But think of it for & moment: $50 per day profit on & capital of $1,000, furnished by somebody else! - a Wall Street m{no( view this is not bad manager