Evening Star Newspaper, April 13, 1930, Page 28

5. A R.T0 OBSERVE INVENTIONS DON'T HAPPEN, SURVEY OF FIELD REVEALS|: o 407H ANNIVERSARY st e wora District of Columbia Society 'Program Saturday to Coh- sist of Four Events. ' The District of Columbia Both“, Bons of the American Revolution, will begin observance of the fortieth anni- versary of its organization next Sat- urday, the same evening that the wom- en of the D. A. R. close their annual ’!#lll anniversary will consist of four events at different dates, the first of ‘which will be a radio address Saturday evening at 7 o'clock by Dr, Willlam XKnowles Cooper, president of the local society, over Station WMAL. In his talk Dr. Cooper will outline briefly the events leading up to the organization of the soclety in 1890, its eventful history after that time and its accom- lishments and plans for future use- ulness. ‘The soclety is the first to complete its quota for the purchase of the build- ing used as the headquarters of the national society. In this building the local society maintains its own head- quarters and a fine reference library for those interested in Revolutionary subjects. Besides Dr. Cooper, other officers are Robert C. Tracy and Charles A. Baker, vice presidents; William E. Marshall, secretary; Charles Y. Latimer, treas- urer; Samuel Cottrell, registrar; R. J. . Dorsey, aasistant registrar; Walter B. Patterson, historian; William A. Mil- ler, librarian, and Rev. Luther ‘Waring, chaplain. LOAN GIVEN COLOMBIA Bhort-Term Grant of $5,000,000 Is Announced, ‘BOGOTA, Colombia, April 12 (#).— ‘The government yesterday announced it has obtained a short-term loan of $5,~ 000,000 for retiring a previous short- term loan maturing in April and May. ‘The new loan was extended by Lasard ‘Bros. & Co.. Ltd,, of London and the New York banking houses of J. & W. Seligman and the Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. H, | tlons drops oft’ sharply on the whole, Processes at Bottom of Material Civilization. Bases Conclusions on Re- sponse of Prominent Inven- tors to Questionnaire. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Inventions don't just happen. Such is the conclusion of Joseph Rossman, examiner at the United States Patent Office and graduate student in psychology, from an intensive three- year study of psychology of the men whose mental processes are at the bot- tom of most of America’s material civilization. Mr. Rossman bases his conclusions on | the questionnaire responses of 710 of the most prominent living Amegican in- ventors, including such men as John | Hays Hammond and Elihu Thompson of the General Electric Co. All, he finds, have something in common—; chanical talent combined with “a - ical psychological reaction to a defici- ency in the environment.” Among his other findings are: ‘That the New England “Yankee” has drop) to second place, being super- seded in the number of inventions by the inhabitant of the Pacific Coast States. ‘That in war time, contrary to the general opinion, the number of inven- although thers is a great increase in de: vlcal strlct!y I‘Pmiclh!e to war, inventions seldom com l'rom tho Army and Navy. This is true to such an extent that Rossman con- cludes the military environment is un- favorable to invention. Runs in Cyeles. That inventiveness runs in cyeles, roughly _corresponding to economic cyeles, and that there is & seasonal ele- ment, the greatest number of new de- vicles coming out in the Spring and Fal 1. That financial return is third in im- portance among the motives leading men to invent. ‘That one-half the patent applications m restiess until some solution presents fmlonnl lnvenm he flmh. is snmmu'ordumht to do art of s research ol rgnlnuu‘ P Practically all the mhrllml -{ ing to their answers to JOSEPH ROSSMAN. uincnnscloul re-inventions of known de- vices. That there are thousands of identical inventions, twe or more men apparently thinking of the same thing at the same time independently of each other. Rossman_admits that some notable inventions are “accidents,” but the accl- an with the right psychological make- | up before it results in anything of im- | ‘The occasional aceidents | portance. 'lhlch have changed the face of civiliza- tion had to happen at the right time, in the right place, with the right man on hand to observe them. Generally, the questicnnaires reveal- ed, the inventor proceeds step by step in a logical fashion as follows: Obser- vation of need, analysis of need, survey of all available information, formula- tlon of all possible solutions, ecritical analysis of solutions, rxperlmenu w test out the most promising. But erally the first step must be tal en Rossman holds, by & man temperament- are rejected each year because they are ally dissatisfied with things as they are Rossman' tionnaire, were intensely tnm'cnod ln mechanical things when children, The 21. The average age of obtaining the | produced average age of the firsf lflnnunn was first patent was 29, * indicates," says Rossman, “that Several years elapse before practical inventions are made. The history of great invéntions indicates that the inventors were men in their thirties. The most impertant invention was made at the ave 9 years. The majority of tors who are obtaining patents today are well above their forties. Evidently inventing today requires many years of experience before the inventor can pro- duce his inventions.” Concerning the large number of in- ventions made simultaneously each ear, Rossman concludes that they are nevitable at certain levels of uchmul development and are not dependent on any given inventor, depends on who takes up first an ides sing naturally from the needs of the e and common to a large number, Spring From Superior Stock. The inventors studied by Rossman came from a -superfor stock. The fathers of two-thirds of th | tessional or pusiness men. cent were sons of skilled hmn and 15 per cent of farmers. Inventiveness tends to run in families, It is not, Rossman says, necessarily inherited, but may be due to common economic, geo- fr-uh\ul and social conditions and deals, The psychological genesis of an in. vention, as deduced from the replies to the questionnaires, is described by Ross- man as follows: “The important thing in the situation which leads to an inventive effort is the obstacle which prevents the satis- faction of a need by direct response. The thwarling of this direct response leads to an emotional reaction with further efforts for the satisfaction of the need. These efforts become more and more indirect by the process of trial and error. A great deal of un- usual neural activity takes place in the brain, with the consequent formation of many patterns from the elements of past experience. Inventors and creative workers are largely differentiated from their' fellow men by these emotional re- actions. “Inventiveness and’ constructiveness are largely dependent on innate ma- nipulative tendencles. Physical manip- ulation supplies much of the experience for the imagination of the inventor. It age ENGLISH WOOLEN MILLS D. O, APRIL ves him symbols for his uxpcflnnw ehkl he can manipulate l.lld G mas D“t]n. and emfllnunhuon as & t ol play and enjoy 'l’thlet the m%&un pleasure they "dhnnce pll!l @ very small part in the making of modern inventions. Many unpurunt jnventions have been by accidental circumstances, but in all these cases ws find that acei- dents happen only to those ihat deserve them. lunu h-ppenlnz alone can never produce an inven nless it is observed by an mventor vho appreci~ ates its significance and utllizes it for practical purposes.” CLOSED BY CUT IN WAGES Employers Fix Reductions Higher Rate Than Decided by Association of Unions. at By the Associated Press. LONDON, April 12—Hundreds of woolen operatives in the great York- lmr- textile industry have ceased work In protest at wage reductions, notices of which have just been posted by em- ployers. It will not be possible to meas- ure the extent of the defections until the volls are called Monday. reductions posted by the employ- ers amount to 9.24 per cent for time workers and 8.76 per cent for plece workers, The Natlonal Assoclation of Unions in the textile trade proposed a reduction of 5.8 for time workers and 584 r cent for plece workers, but ployers' Council rejected the uhodule and substituted their own. POPPY-SEED TEA BANNED BUDAPEST, Hungary, April 12 (#).— | ‘The minister of social welfare is draft- | ing & law forbidding mothers to give | poppy-seed tea to their infants in order o kuv them quiet while the women are working in the flelds. The school inspectors of the vast| lmnlnl districts of the country have | rted that the practice is having d. leterious effects on the peasant chil- | dren, the narcotic causing them to dis- | play great slowness in learning as com- pared with town children. 13, 1930—PART ONE. WESTINGHOUSE ASKS MERGER OF STATIONS Claims One High-Powered Broad- caster Is' Better Than Two Synchronized by Wire. ‘Broadcasting’s noblest experiment— synchronization by wire—terminates with the conclusion that one high-) ered station can cover a larger listener area than two stations of moderate pow- er linked by wire, This decision has been reached by the Westinghouse Electric & Manufac- turln’mco after five years of exhaustive experimentation. Authority to consoli~ date stations WBZ, at Springfield, Mass,, and WBZA, at Boston, now wire synchronized, and to utilize the maxi- mum allowable power of 50,000 watts on the clearcd channel now assigned thesc statiors, is requested of the Federal Radio Commission in ln application filed today by Westinghol Because of the peculiar nalo condi- tions in New Enuhnd attributed to the igneous rock and granite deposits which underlay the region and impede the travel of radio waves, Westinghouse un- dertook wire synchronization experi- ments in 1925. Its effort was to serve New England's metropolitan area con- sistently. ‘The pro) d high-powered station, which would be located about 20 miles southwest of Boston, would supplant the synchronized system, which has been regarded as a fundamental radio test by radio_engineers. DANDRUFF | BumsteadsWonnSyrup o chitdren an & o APPROVES D. C. BILL ON ADVERTISING SIGNS Senate Committes Reports ers to Regulate Outdoor Projects. A favorable re) the Senate by tgnnl.ltrlfl on Measure Authorizing Commission- made to committee on the bill, recommended by the Coms missioners, giving them' suthority 6. make regulations to govern the tnv- tion of outdoor advertising signs. bill sets up & mhm for the Ilnml olt those engaged in the erection s m committee, postponed uwon until a later date on several other 3 cfi measures, including the How ID- S fl')'hlhll\on bill and the new Center This Guaranteed Amerjcan Radiator Co. Hot Water Heating Plant Let Us Send —on this excellent hot-water plant. 18” Boiler . . . t Radi- 300 fi IR. li- . . completely “installed. ‘325 3 Years to Pay No Cash Down Fully guaranteed by the American Radiator Co. . .. Let us install this plant mow . . . pay for it in 3 years. You the Facts Our graduate heating engineers will be glad to give you full details. American Heating 907 New York Ave. “You Furnish the Home ENGINEERING COMPANY National 8421 We'll Furnish the Heat!” FINAL WEEK In Which to Take Advantage of Our Special 30-Day Trial Offer! on Electrolux AN B\I RN POWERED BY LYCOMING Greatest First Quarter Last November and December, forecasts for business in 1930 were largely based on surmise. Today, the result of the efforts of the first three months of 1930, gives us a definite guide for the future. March this year was the greatest March in number of shipments in all of Auburn’s history. The first three months of 1930 gave Auburn the largest sales both in units and dollars of any January, February and March.. For Auburn to show this increase, in this most competi- tive period, has a much deeper significance than our justifiable pride in this sales record. It is a vindication that Auburn’s policy is fundamentally sound and operates in favor of the buyer. For more than five years the only business that Auburn could get was that which it could take away from competitors, because there has been no surplus market. Auburn, therefore, could not depend upon past performance, could not ride upon the momentum of the pres- tige of a name. Auburn had to design and build newer and better cars; Aubum’had to give greater value for less money; and Auburn had to prove it! The changed conditions of 1930 presented no new problems to Auburn. Instead, it produced a condition very favorable to Auburn. As Auburn has grown and acquired many new fac- tories, the economies of increased production have regularly been passed back to the buyer in the form of an even better car for less cost. This has been a fixed policy. Auburn’s success this year, there- fore, is not the result of an expediency measure, but a natural sequence. Auburn has not penalized its owners with frequent radical model changes. The Auburn of today is a product that has been con- tinually bettered until its performance and endurance are definitely established as a known quantity. Auburn’s Straight Eight pioneering in more than five years leadership ahead of the industry has wona public following because it deserves it. It was the judgment of Auburn’s management that buyers in 1930 would weigh theirinvest- ot o Do st ot e ments more carefully and compare values with greater scrutiny than o . 3 ever before. Such 4 buying tendency was welcomed by Auburn, be- cause our success has been based upon the following invitation to the public; “Compare and drive the Auburn car and if it does not sell itself you will not be asked to buy.” That is why Auburn’s sales are breaking records in 1930! E.L. CORD. the Gas Refrigerator Test it out in any manner FOR A PERIOD OF 30 DAYS—the cost of operation—the con- venience of constant ice cubes—its absolute quietness—but ACT NOW. This OFFER EX- PIRES AT 5 O’CLOCK Saturday, April 19! You are positively under no obligation, simply mail the coupon or phone National 8280 and our representative will call and make all necessary arrangements. We want you to see and know the many - advantages of this most remarkable refrigerator rigid, one-piece steel shell, It never needs renewal, Even the tiny gas flame is guarded every minute of the day and night by an sutomatic shut-off. No gas can flow unless the flame is lighted. Electrolux is not only silent when you get it, but silent as long as you have it— and it is built to last a lifetime. There being nothing in it to wear, no noises can develop as time goes on. ing and stopping is necessary. Ice cubes freeze quickly. This is possible because Electrolux has no machinery, no moving parts at all. A tiny gas flame, a little flow of water, do all the work. They circulate the liquid refrigerant, with never a sound to disturb you. The gas flame changes the re- frigerating liquid to vapor. The circulation of water condenses it back to liquid form again. That’s all there is to the oper- ation. It’s as simple as boiling water in a tea kettle. : The refrigerating unit never peeds attention. The refrigerant is welded shut for life inside a \NE of the advantages of Electrolux is that the cold varies scarcely at all from the ideal point. The simple operation of this refrigerator goes on end- lessly, and without attention. No start- And it is the most economical refrig. erator you can use. It costs even less than ice. 35 to 55 cents a week covers everything. Even the extra-large models may be opeulcd for about 70 cents a week at the véry outside. Imagine hav. ing all the benefits of automatic rel'n eration—the perfect, even cold insi your refrigerator at all times, the templ- ing variety of frozen dejserts that yeu make as you really like them—all these advantages at a cost that is only a frac. tion of your ice bill. Don’t imagine, either, that the pur chase prices of Electrolux are any higher than those o[ other automatic refrigerators. They're not, size for size. '$220 to $455 nunlled. A com- plete range of models to choose from. See them at our display room. And ] QUICK FACTS! 1. Permanently noiseless. 2. Absolately safe. 8. Onlya few cents a day to operate, 4. Lasts indefinitely. 5. No mechanism to wear, to vi- brate, to need oil. 6. Free from trouble. 7. Perpetual, steady cold. The Kitchonetts Model Elecirolue. Mnbl;"dd/adc’un.nb- CLIP AND MAIL TODAY! o e e e O O O WASHINGTON GA§ LIGHT CO.. Washington, D. C. Gnmnmn: ‘Without obligation, please send com- plete information about Electrolux, the Gas Refrigerator, Name. Street. City Washlngton Gas Light Co. NEW BUSINESS DEPARTMENT—Refrigeration Division Washington Salesroom: NAtional Georgetown Salesroom : 419 Tenth St. N.w. 8_280 Wisconsin and Dumbarton Aves: GAS APPLIANCE I-IEADQUARTERS Afilr ELE CTROLUX /. rREFRIGERATOR THE “fim.—'fi.’;‘. !d-ll !'.'..".i a“:&h-fi'm:-m.-. --\--u u..nmus Cabriclet $129% 125 Sedun S299% 125 Spest N L s fil’!vu! _ WARRINGTON MOTOR CAR COMPANY 2035 SEVENTEENTH STREET NORTHWEST (Corner 17th & V) Established 1912