Evening Star Newspaper, April 11, 1930, Page 8

A—8 THE EVENING STAR —With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY..........Aprl 11, 1080 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star N ‘Busin 1 " Penneyiva ey Ko per Comgpany Ave, " ?fln% magnd ™ o Lo Rate by Carrier Within the City. rening Star......... .. 45c rer month and Sinday Star days) . 60c per month i e ek i h lgl. “Lelephons Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. I!lryl:l‘ and Virginia. A R o ] Al Other States and Canada. BEAL e e I iR e Aot s i e et e P pusfication of w1l hews dix: Erh prb Ly B weried ‘publish erein. st et 1 mo.. 83¢ 1m 1m tion reserved. The Three-Power Treaty. ‘Well intentioned and fervent friends of national defense may be able to Ppick flaws in the impending three-power treaty, but the news that at length comes out of London will gratify the overwhelming bulk of the American people. A tripartite pact is not what the United States preferred. A treaty pledging France and Italy to limitation and reduction, as wgll as this country, Great Britain and Japan, was the great desideratum. It proved unobtainable. It is the business of statesmanship, as well as the part of common sense, to take what it can get. The maximum has been secured from the London Naval Conference. With that Ameri- cans are ready to rest content. They are persuaded that our spokesmen, be- ing mere humans, could not work mira- cles in the face of insurmountable im- ponderables. Incomplete as a triple naval under- standing is, nothing could be more shortsighted than to minimize its im- portance. It is primarily a concrete end constructive achievement in the fleld of international peace. It fixes the strength of the world’s three most powerful fleets for a period of six years. By doing %o, the American-British- Japanese agreement abolishes, between now and 1936 at least, that competi- tion in naval bullding which in the past has sown the seeds of bitter sus- picion and mistrust. The American demand for combat parity with Great Britain is effectively gratified. The tonnage of the Japanese navy is limited at figures which our experts believe to guarantee the United States a perfectly safe margin of su- periority. In 10,000-ton cruisers, Amer- ica required forty per cent Japanese in- feriority. Provisions to that effect will be written into the three-power pact. Uncle Sam will have en heavy cruisers to Japza's ten—the 10—6 ratio upon which he resolutely insisted. It is sincerely to be hoped that the United States Senate, in the exercise of its right to review before it ratifies a treaty, will not, while scrutinizing the naval trees, fail to see the naval forest. 1In particular will it be eminently desir- able for the Senate not to ignore the gleaming fact that at last, after the eight controversial post-Washington conference years—after the ghastly flasco at Geneva in 1927—all classes of ships in the three strongest navies are now subjected to definite limitation over a fixed term. ‘That is an immense advance. It is ot the millennium. It is not all that an armament-burdened universe craves. But it 18 much. It is inconceivable that any legislative action at Washington should ensue which would undermine the work thus sp laboriously accom- plished. Its architects claim no more for it than that they have laid a sub- stantial foundation for the greater house the world hopes some day to build. That world, war-minded almost since the dawn of time, cannot be ex- pected to “refurnish its mind” in weeks or. months, or even in a short span of years. It is a process of evolution, which calls for patience, for forbear- ance, and, above all, for clear thinking seasoned with confidence. ———— 1In spite of various arguments bring- ing into conflict industry with scenery, the prohibition question remains the great’ water-power problem. The May Day Menace. According to a news report printed in The Star yesterday the local Com- munist party is planning a May day demonstration in this city, the details of which are “shrouded in secrecy.” It is, however, understood that the mpmbers of the party will assemble at the headquarters and dribble in small groups to the White House, carrying banners denouncing unemployment and the “persecution” of the party's ‘workers. p ‘With nearly three weeks of warning 4t is probable that precautions can be taken against this highly dangerous move, this assault upon the citadel of Government. Notice can be sent in season to the managers of the affair that they must secure a permit for a public street meeting and for a parade, falling which they will be subject to grrest if they persist in the attempt to demonstrate in the manner de- seribed. Btrong forces of police and soldiery can be massed in readiness for the onset if the promoters of the program persist. It is quite likely that the Government can be saved from of | for another inquiry into campaign ex- do not know what it is all about. The silly idea that jobs can be provided for the unemployed by the turn of the hand of the official occupant of the White House seems to pervade their minds, They are chronically disposed to de- nounce. Dissatisfaction is their normal state, So they blame the Government, the form of Government, the general social system and with muddled think- ing strike out for changes which they know in their heartg they cannot effect, and from the consequences of whieh, if effected, they would be quick to shrink in protest. Would it not be a good idea to let these May day meanderers have their little parade but keep them going around and around the block, and make them continue long enough to give the public a chance to see them in all their absurdity of silly slogans and small numbers? If the martyrdom of ar- rest is what they want, deny it to them, They would be bitterly disappointed if they were allowed to parade unmolested as a public spectacle. The New Slush Fund Committee. The Senate yesterday set the stage penditures of candidates seeking nomi- nation and election to that body. Every one realized that such an investigating committee would be created this year. And, just as in 1926, it appears likely that two of the senatorial primaries which will receive early attention of the committee are those in Illinois and Pennsylvania. The high cost of campaigning has not diminished in recent years. This is true, despite the frequent assaults made by the Senate on campaign expendi- tures. The 1928 presidential campaign set new records for the expenditure of money, with the use of the radio as one of the big contributing factors. Both Republicans and Democrats spent millions of dollars in that campaign, and there was little criticism voiced, perhaps because both sides appeared to be well supplied with funds. The States in many cases have laws of their own saying how great an ex- penditure shall be made by candidates for office of Senator and Representa- tive, etc. There are laws, too, both State and Federal, which compel re- port of all campaign contributions and expenditures. But just when an ex- penditure of money passes the legiti- mate and becomes illegitimate is still a problem. It is obvious that in States with the population of Illinois and Pennsylvania it must take mors money to campaign for the Senate than it requires in a State like Rhode Island or Idaho, with expenditures held merely to legitimate purposes. It is necessary to send more letters, make more, speeches, make a wider personal un1 vass and spend more money for ad- vertising so as to lay the issues before the voters. ‘The purchase of public office by the use of money or promiSes of prefer- ment is destructive of popular govern- ment. It is fatal to any nation. It must not be permitted in America. There are times, however, when a rigid enforcement of a limit of campaign ex- penditures for legitimate advertising and headquarters may be a hardship to one candidate as against another. For ex- ample, one candidate for the senatorial nomination may be already & member of the Senate, with a strong political organization backing him, with all the power of Federal patronage and State patronage in his favor. To say that an opposition candidate shall be kept to small expenditures under such eir- cumstances seems merely to provide for the perpetuation in office of'the incum- bent, to make it possible for him and his organization to continue in power indefinitely. The Vice President has selected an able committee to carry on the inquiries into senatorial campaign expenditures this year. It is headed by Senator Hiram Johnson of California. Senator ‘Wagner of New York, another member, like Senator Johnson comes from a State where the population is large, in- deed. Mr. Wagner's State has the greatest population of all. He and Sen- ator Johnson are cognizant of the diffi- culties which candidates in such States must face when it comes to reaching the voters and placing the issues before them. The Senate has clearly indicated that it does not propose to seat as Senators any candidates whose campaigns are won after excessive use of money. Only a few months ago the Senate decided finally the Vare case in Pennsylvania, turning down the Senator-glect. Frank L. Smith, who was elected Senator in Illi- nois in 1926, saw the handwriting on the wall and resigned in 1928 a seat which he had never been permitted to take. The country will follow with in- terest the fnvestigations of the newly appointed committee. « —_— et ‘World relationships have become such that it seems necessary to have a bank that can count money accurately in all languages. The Navy and Fast Planes. M David S. Ingalls, Assistant Secre- tary of the Navy for Aeronautics, is correct in his statement that compe- tition in the Schneider Cup races and the racing program of the Navy were abandoned for “reasons of economy,” it puts‘an entirely new light on a situation which has caused no end of discussién in the United States. When in )0”‘ the Navy formally withdrew from ! speed competition with other nations the impression was left in the public mind that the question of speed was held by the Navy to be unimportant and that, inasmuch as it was unim- portant, the Navy was perfectly content to permit Italy, France and England to outstrip it in the development of speedy aircraft. To a great number of Americans this position was not held in high esteem. Now, Secretary Ingalls explains that the racing program was abandoned be- cause the Navy did not have enough money to carry on experimentation and that appropriations for develppment of aircraft had been consistently cut down .| by the Budget Bureau. “And not only ~But there are the banners yet to be considered. Shall there be a Martyrdom is, of course, sought by these misguided people, most of whom does the Secretary thus put the issue squarely up to Congress, but states that ‘even now the Navy is conducting an ih- vestigation as to the feasibility of re- suming speed development with the small amount of appropriations avail- able. 1t is refreshing to have this five-year misunderstanding of the Navy's attitude cleared up. Certainly the Navy has been placed in. viable position’ when p it gave the impression that it was satis- fied to have at least two other nations faster in the air by something like one hundred miles an hour. Such com- placence is not particularly conducive to the feeling of national pride that is 80 important to any country. Now that everything has been straight- ened out the danger of another misun- | 9t derstanding seems past. The Navy, if It is supplied with funds, will continue de- velopment of high-speed craft. Cer- tainly the United States can af- ford expenditures for this vital phase of fighting plane development if Italy, England and other nations can afford them, and appropriations should be made immediately available in order that some of the lamentably lost time may be made up. The extent to which America has lagged behind can be re- alized when the top-s) figure of this country of two hundred and sixty-six miles an hour in & landplane and the English mark of three hundred and fifty-seven miles an hour in a seaplane are scanned. America’s seaplane record is a puny two hundred and forty-five miles an hour. It is obvious that the time has ar- rived for action. With the Navy work- ing on speed development and Congress furnishing adequate funds, America may regain some of its lost prestige in the air among nations. Thanks to Mr. Coyle. - The encouraging feature about a speech like that delivered in the House yesterday by Representative Coyle of Pennsylvania, in which he urges a re- turn to the 60-40 principle of appro- priating for the District and suggests the appointment of a joint committee to study the relationship between the District and the Federal Government, is that it connotes an interest in the physical aspects of Capital welfare and @ desire to remedy whatever may be wrong. The District suffers more from & lack of interest in and a consequent lack of understanding of its problems by members of Congress than from any other one factor. Phere has seldom been any legisla- tive proposal for Capital betterment that did not receive the sympathetic support of Congress, provided that it assumed tangible form, free from the intricate controversies over equity and fair dealing that so frequently come as the natural accompaniments of such legislation. But the threat of contro- versy often is enough to kil legislation in one swift stroke. And without con- troversy, not necessarily acrimonious, but involving perforce the presentation of conflicting views, the District’s plea will never receive the attention it de- serves. Mr. Coyle's speech yesterday reflected | sympathetic study of the problem of Capital financing. His suggestion for the appointment of a joint committee of Congress to examine the relationship between the municipality and the Fed- eral Government was made with the thought that it is only through the im- partial examination of the facts that| fairness and efficlent government will survive. His views are called to the attention of his fellow members of Congress, all | of whom, it is granted, have the wel- fare and the best interest of their Cap- ital at heart. —————— There is no fear that any efficiency experts will scan the ranks of states- manship with a view to arranging re- tirement for a number of men whose services are now held in the highest popular esteem. o It is reported that Dr. Eckener de- clared that near beer made him sicl, It is fortunate that his modest alcoholic aspirations did not tempt him to ex- periment with denatured spirits. —_——e—— Preparations are already active to bring to decision the question of whether several gentlemen are actual bossess or only transient figures in the popular imagination. ——————————— ‘When eminent legislators begin to call names, the Congressional Record be- comes one of the publications that occa- sionally need a censor. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Persuasion But No Lobby. A new commandment now we hear Apart from rules religious. Although quite brief and most severe, | If Its meaning is prodigious. ‘Whatever profits you may claim, Whatever be your hobby, The great restriction in life’s game Is this: Thou shalt not lobby! Though you may offer sage advice And cultivate relations With men of might, be very nice In all your conversations . Though yoti are generous and kind And offer presents “nobby,” The volce of consclence always mind Which says, “Thou shalt not lobby.” Measurements of Knowledge. “Your' antagonist says he has for- | N gotten more than you ever knew.” .“Maybe he has” rejoined Senator Sorghum. “And then again, maybe he only imagines he has forgotten it be- cause he never knew it in the first place.” Jud Tunkins says it looks to him like mergers were making business bigger for the big fellow and littler for the little fellow. ‘Winter. Unseasonable is the blast That Winter brought us with a frown. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Recent heavy rains did the grass and her growing a world of good, but played havoc with the determina- tion of amateur gardeners. Fickle Spring weather—if one may call it Spring, which is doubtful—is dis- concerting to gardeners, for one never knows when he can work outdoors. The: seeson played a sort of April Joke on thousands of sightseers, who were forced to.view the famous Japanese cherry trees through misty automobile windows. But it plays & worse one on the home gardener, who would like to be out dig- lln’, but does not find it practicable as long as his fingers are chilled and the ground is soggy. ‘There are dldennt degrees of sus- ceptibility to cold, of course, but as a general rule the amateur horticulturist gets little pleasure out of gardening un- less the weather is.inviting. ‘This means that he must do his out- door work in hitches, seizing each warm afternoon as it comes along, making hay while the s‘un'xhine:. Yet April is notorious for being a rainy month; there is not much the disgruntled gardener can do about it. He may %et pleasure out of watching the good which the rains do all grow- ing things, esFechlly the grass. Nothing quite responds like the grass. It grows on rain. The millions of grass plants, which first grew in meadows, where there was nc protection from the downpours, learned how to make the best of things. In doing so, evolution, or natural se- lection, or growth, or whatever one :llnw call it, utilized the downpours for good purposes. At last grnu):s came to demand what it could not help get:lng * K ok X ‘When one stops to think about it, that is a pretty good rule of life. If human beings would learn to wel- come the inevitable, and make the best of what they cannot help, perhaps they. too, would learn to be philosophers of the natural. Man is a discontented creature, to be- gin with, and everything he sees and does as he grows older gives him visions which he finds difficult to turn into realities. And often when he makes his dreams come true, he discovers that the best art of them was in the dreaming. Thus Ke ever remains true to his nature, just as the grass does to its. April rains will be good for the roses, and the tulips, and the upshooting iris and nies, as well as for the hardy privet, just now taking on its load of green, and for the tough altheas, as yet unbudded. Altheas, which are almost trees, stand unconvinced by the sporadic warm da Like Norway maples, they adopt a “show me” attitude. Pare they stand, while all around them lilac bushes put forth buds, de- termined to make the most of the ad- vancing season. “It's not Spring yet,” say the althea bushes. rustling their bare branches. | “Let the forsythia bloom, if it wants to, prettiest for the visitors. budge until it gets warm.” * x % x and the cherry trees look their We will not Sometimes amateur gardeners adopt, in thinking of their plants, the same attitude dog fanciers often fall into in regard to their dogs. Who has not seen a sturdy bulldog bundled up in wool sweater againat the cold which he would not mind unin- cumbered? The mind of his master or mistress has felt his cold, not he himself. Given a chance to extend his legs, as Nature lw-nu him to, he will be warm all day ong. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. “Ask Ruth. She's the politician of the family,” quoth the late Medill Mc- Cormick of Ilinois when this oBserver went to him, once uj a time, in quest of a slant on a certain situation. The daughter of Mark Hanna has demon- strated that her husband’s judgment of her political acumen was not exagger- ated. Mrs. McCormick’s victory over Senator Deneen in the Illinois primaries, no matter whether she wins or loses the election in November, will rank for all time as an amazing achievement. Seasoned hands at Washington will talk about it for many a day. Deneen tastes the dregs of defeat for practically the first time in a long life of hurly-burly politics. He is a past master at the game. He has made a fine Senator. He entered the recent fray with the laurels of triumph over his foes a bare year ago. He seemed to be impregnably intrenched. Yet along comes the re- | doubtable Ruth and reduces him to pulp. As a game, battle-scarred war- rior himself, Deneen in his heart must feel a boundless respect for the woman who has undone him. FEE® Tlinois is normally a rock-ribbed Re- publican State by anything from 400,000 to - 1,000,000, but with the abnormal conditions created by the McCormicks Deneen melee, the Democrats are justi- fied in considering it doubtful in 1930. the primary fight hadn't been waged with such biterness—if the desire for had not so passionately colored Mrs. McCormick's ambitions — Senator Deneen'’s legion of adherents might turn in and support the nominee whole- heartedly. As it is, knifing is bound to be the order of election day all the way from C! to Cairo. That isn't all The Prairie State is sopping wet in spots, especially in Cook County and its mil- lions of inhabitants. In a liquor refer- endum Illinois has already gone anti- prohibition. With Lewis, Mrs, Mce- Cormick’s Democratic opponent for the Senate, camj g a5 an mm"ght wet, he may well emerge as the “Jim sandwich of as complicated a contest as the country has witnessed in many & moon. “Jim Ham” has one fatal weakness in combating a woman: o Don Ju‘ln was evelr gguessed gg more knightly manners in the presen of the fair. yll will gall his whiskered soul to make war on one of them. $ E ks & If Ruth McCormick comes to the Senate she will make the third of a trio of women with unique senatorial tradi- tons. My, Fugeng, 0% o e V- Stephen B. - ‘America’s two grand old women, tion of having daughters, the ok Kk Senator Millard F. Tydings, Demo- crat, of Maryland, Senate tilter-in-chief inst the iniquities of :&l called “Glad Tydings” [t's more | . Pleas for Support of an Anti-Vivisection Bill ‘T the Editor of The Star: 'n. ‘what that means? How many who do them good. It must never be fo - ten that plants take all their nourish- ment in liquid form. e{ cannot utilize the cl from which they evolve their real food unless they are in_solution. In Nature it is scarcely possible for plants to get too much rain. Occa- sionally water will settle in natural de- ions around the roots,of trees, as t did two Summers ago around the Japanese cherry trees, killing several of them. ‘These happenings are few and far between, however, and only go to prove Ihe exception to the rule. Mostly plant ife benefits from plenty of ~water. ‘Their roots have been moist from time immemorial. They may be regarded almost as vegetable fish in their natural element. . * ok k% In cities the rain does extra good by washing the leaves and stalks free from the dust and dirt which accumu- late upon them. In addition, it tends to clear the atmosphere of smoke and gases_which eternally linger, owing to coal fires and automobile exhausts. Growing things may be looked upon as runners now beginning a long dis- tance race. A good start in Spring, which before anything else means Elen'.y of water, will enable them to eep going strong during the hot weather. Home gardeners, as a class, worry tob much about “watering” their plants. Instead of letting George do it, they should trust more to Nature, who knows a ‘great deal more about it than the average home owner. Nature works in secret and the dark, storing up water underground, where | it will be available in times of need.| The best the average home gardener can do is judge from the appearance of | his plants above ground. Often this is complicated by other factors, such as the red spider and other insects, which may fi," plants the appearance of be|‘n¢ need of water when they are not. P Spring is the happy-go-lucky season in the garden. Now the grden!r may sit back and plants take care of themselves, with the fullest assurance that they will do a very good job of it. Plenty of water and gradually in- creasingly warmer days spell nealth and plenty for all the blooming things, whether of tree, bush or plant. ‘There is a fine balance of cause and effect in Nature which takes care of these, her silent children. She bal- anced an unusually dry Spring by a veritable downpour last Sunday, fol- lowed by more rain, sunshine and shadow. ks ‘The dry ground eagerly sopped up the moisture, until it seemed to the discerning eye as if grass was momen- tarily growing greener as one looked. ‘The next morning there could be 1.0 doubt of it—the lawn was undoubtedly greener, even the tulips appeared of a darker hue. ‘The real .P_;ntnt of Spring is about to begin! at is the news the robin sings, the burly fat robin that drags out & worm for his breakfast. “I hear the song that the bluebird is 8 inging, Out in the apple tree where he is swinging.” In our back yard it is a cardinal who sings merrily every morning his “‘cheer —cheer—cheer” to the listening world. Little he cares whether it rains, and the rest of us could emulate his state of mind with profit. fcut, Republican floor leader in the House, was a guest. He had been elected 15-5:“" pro tem the day be-| fore. dinner hosts bethought | themselves of the place at table which | Tilson could claim in his dignity. Official arbiters of precedence were consulted. They ruled that he is entitled, as long as he wields Long- worth's gavel, to every right, plrivuego. wl and would ~ac- crue to “Nick” himself. At he dinner in question Tilson accordingly out- ranked half a dozen Senators in the seating arrangement. Since a certain late unpleasantness in these parts the | Capital watches its step where the amenities of precedence are concerned. e Nobody, of course, is willing, even if anybody were able, to confirm or deny them, but the Washington gossip milis are gflnd.lng out incessant rumors that the days of Secretary Stimson and of ‘Undersecretary Joseph P. tton, Act- temporary | Of ing Secretary of State, definitely numbered. Each of them is said to hanker to return to private prac- tice in New York. who set these stories in motion go to the length of fixing the date of the impending retirement of the two State Department chiefs. They say | itll take place not so very long after | the American delegation returns from the London Naval Conference. 4w Now that Mrs. Borah has gone abroad, Capitol Hill is wonde how long it'll be before Senator “Bill” himself suc- cumbs to foreign wanderlust. For years his friends have been the Ida- hoan to emulate the Marines and see the world. But for some mysterious rea- son Borah has developed an invincible stay-at-home complex. The argument that the chairman of the United States Senate’s foreign relations committee ought to have a bit of first-hand inter- national knowledge has not influenced Senator Borah to travel. He has threat- ened to do so more than once, but al- ways changed his mind. A couple of years ago a national magazine offered to send him to Eu: practically his own terms—the expenses of himself and wife paid, secretaries supplied and hand- some remuneration for half a dozen articles. But “Bill” evidently feared entangling alliances and turned the, proposition down. (Copyright, 1930.) —— e + Business Should Be Good. From the Toledo Blade. You'd think one man at least could | do a pretty good business with the can- ' opener concession in & cooking school. | —_———————— Look for Better Weather. From the Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail. h}iov that a man unlh;ahl;:; j:x’:: slain ever so many groun 3 folks in his vicinity are better weather. Take Kitchen Along. From the Omaha World-Herald. | e yarn-spinners | not know the full import of vivisection of animals have made any effort to gain information? How many have been so engrossed with the effort to obtain healing for themselves of some 11l that they have been indifferent to the call for help for God's dumb creatures? That bill has not yet come up before the House. There is yet opportunity for every lover of dogs to give support to this bill by sen to Congress a plea in defense of those dear innocent creatures who are helpless to defend themselves. Do many realize that the ills, the aches, the pains, or even the Iniunu of yourselves or members of r families - are as nothing com; what some animals may be trict. What is recorded as taking &l:ce in one laboratory is only an instance of what is done in the others. From information which anti-vivisection in- vestigation committees have ascertained from laboratory records, the experi- ments on living dogs, cats, and a few other animals are barbarous, torturing and even flendish. The atrocities com- mitted produce inexpressible agony, ex- cruciating pain, and a sense of suffer- ing that itself, alone, would devitalize the dear creatures. In some instances, life lasts only a few hours after the ex- periment; in other cases, the poor suf- fering creatures live for days before finally expiring. To read accounts of such inhumane practices, as obtained from laboratory | records and published in the anti-vivi- section magazines, sends horror to one's soul. I would advise no one to read them for any purpose other than to enlighten themselves as to the real nature of* vivisection, and to become aroused as to the need for activity against such s torturing practice. Do not delay writing, telephoning or call- ing upon a Congressman from some State, urging his support of the bill in question. This bill pertains only to the District of Columbia, and a resident of the District can, therefore, raise voice in protest against sueh a barbarous practice, Had there been only one or a very few vivisection cases in the District, the very fact that the bill is opposed by the advocates of vivisection would be sufficient reason to suppose that there would be more such cases, and especially if the bill should not be ssed, for its non-passage would give cense for the continuance of the re- volting practice. Another point to be considered is that the passage of this bill in the District will give hope for the passage of similar bills for the States, and it seems that only an act of Congress can veto the horrible prac- tice, which causes untold agony to ani- mals and cannot result in good to hu- mankind, since human and animal sys- tems are so different. After reading this do not settle down in your comfortable chairs or spend the hours solely in the pursuit of your own interests and pleasures, but take some active step at once against vivisection, since to know about it and then “stand by” and take no stand against it is to be “a party to it.”” While the bill in Suesr.km is only for the exemption of logs—and the question arlses in the minds of many as to “why just dogs"— the passage of this bill in the Distriet of Columbia will finally mean universal abolition of the vivisection of all kinds of animals, God's dumb creatures. E. M. SOULE. Urge Tariff Protection For Crude Oil Products From the Oklahoma City Times. Oklahoma is intensely interested in the effort of independent oil producers to secure an oil tariff, that American crude may be spared the competition of cheaper crude from Latin America. ther States in the midcontinent field, as well as every other section of the country that produees oil in considerable quantities, must share this approval and applaud Wirt Franklin's determina- tion to continue the fight, backed by the | to Independent Petroleum Association, of which he is president. In the recent defeats of ofl tariff measures in the Senate the independ- ents marshaled strength enough to prove their fight need not be considered hopeless. They are fighting powerful opponents, skilled in the use of political power. They are handicapped, too, by the fact that most of the States are not important oil producers, while all States are consumers of petroleum products on & large scale. Those States with little or no oil production may be inclined to feel that it is to their best interests to keep crude prices at a low level. They will continue to feel that way until they are made to see that the importers are "less concerned in con- serving America’s oil resources than in establishing a monopoly in the indus- try—a monopoly for which the public would pay dearly, as the public of other lands where the monopoly is an accom- plished fact is now paying. The inde- pendents face the necessity of enlight- ening the people of the Nation. and through them their Representatives and Senators, on the purposes of this fight that Standard Oil and Royal Dutch Shell are making for the control of this vital commodity. It is apparent that the independents can expect nothing from the present Congress, but all Representatives and many Senators must face the November elections. There will be the congressional campaign, are States and districts where a fight on incumbents because of their favoritism to the oil monopoly may be made effec- tively. Wirt Franklin faces a large task, but he brings to it gifts of organi- zation and leadership and a confidence in his cause that should be felt in fu- ture sessions of Congress. Seeks Fourth Term As Citizenship Right Prom the New York World. Addressing & meeting called for the | HiS purpose of inviting him to seek a fourth term, Gov. Albert land said the other night that he saw no reason why he shouldn’t run or why his 10 years in office should in any way his rights as a citizen. In otker| River words, he will run. And it will inte: 40 see the outcome. For the opposition to his candidacy does not grow out of any real dissatisfaction with his administration, in spite of the fact ed last & roads , but out of certain mem- it he has been tha gE 2 et tul e 3 3 i i p g % 8 2 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. What is juestion? Whatever it may be, unmr h.q & request for medical or fina: adt it wil answered without cost to you and you will recelve the reply in a personal letter. Write your question clearly and briefly, inclose 2-cent stamp for return tage and address The Evening Star crmation Bureau, Frederic J. Has- kin, directcr, Washingtoh, D. C. 'l'qfi Dfi animal sounds record well?— A. Animals are hard to take in sound Bl::wm, according to a statement of . Raymond Ditmars. lion’s roar sounds feeble, camels are difficult and wolves refuse to howl into a micro- phone. The sound record of a rattle- snake is realistic, as is the cobra’s hiss. A major dificulty is getting the animal to respond at all. Q. What are the names of John Boles' children?—J. L. A. The little daughters of this stage d screen actor are celite and legal, | in 1% an Jeanette. Q. Have birds ever had teeth?—A. B. A. The first birds, which developed from the flying reptiles, all teeth. As they essed Into the later stages of bird evolution, nowever, the teeth were lost and there are now no lving birds with teeth. Q. Who said that his definition of a university was Mark Hopkins at one eng oé -;[or and a student at the other? A. This is sttributed to James Gar- fleld. Q. How did the Mummers’ New Year El!’lld; in Philadelphia originate?— A. It was the outcome of New Year celebrations in various parts of the city. As the years rolled on, the indi- viduals formed themselves into social groups and these later became the larg- er organizations; fantastic costumes were introduced. Later on, street pa- rades were made up of the different marching organizations, and in 1901 Philadelphia was looking about for a proper means to celebrate the dawn of a new century, and, at the suggestion of H. Bart McHugh, Mayor S8amuel H. Ashbridge urged upon city councils the w of an appropriation to make possible a parade in which all of the clubs joined. Q. When were Hitchcock chairs first made?—A. W. M. A. They were first made in Richtown, Conn,, in 1820 by a cabinetmaker named Hitcheock. Q. Who is the hero of the play “Julius gnefilr"? ‘Who first played the role?— A. According to the general judg- ment of critics and actors, Brutus is the hero. He speaks 727 lines; An- teny, 327 lines; Cassius, 507 lines, and Caesar, 154 lines. Richard Burbage first played the role of Brutus. Q. How many grocers are there in the United States?—E. R. A. It is estimated that there are now from 350,000 to 400,000 retail grocers in this country and from 5,000 to 6,000 wholesale grocers. Q. Where is the original Emancipa- tion Proclamation?—R. G. A. It is in the State Library at Al- bany, N. Y. AQI" When was the pump invented?— A. The pump dates back to the re- motest period. The shadoof of Egypt is recorded as in use in 1500 B.C. Vi- truvius, the Roman engineer, described a number of pumping machines. The first centrifugal pump was devised by a Frenchman, M. le Demour, in 1732. ‘The impulse pump was originally de- signed tehurst, a watchmaker of Derby, nd, in 1772, and perfected by lI_,lm'.ivlner. the famous balloonist, . How does the number of miles of surfaced roads in the United States t,:!om_lpnu with the number in Europe?— ‘A. Europe has 638,000 miles of sur- faced ronE exclusive of city streets, as t 169000 in North America, of which 150,000 are in the United States. Q. Are caffeine, nicotine, morphine :}mflA ls.lcohol classed as poisons?— A. Caffeine is classed as & stimulant; nicotine as a poisonous alkaloid; mor- phine as a narcotic; alcohol as a stimu- lant, and, when taken in large doses, as a narcotic. Q. When was music first used in in- dustrial plants? To what extent is it used today?—G. D. A. A. As far back as 1886 the head of a Southern factory, where cigarettes were rolled by hand, placed good singers in hiseworkrooms to increase efficiency and contentment in the plant. There are today several hundred American indus- trial organizations that encourage mu- sical activities among their employes. A survey conducted by the National As- sociation for the Advancement of Mu- sic reports that 32 companies allow the musical programs to be conducted on company time, while 132 allow them to be conducted half on company time. Experiments prove that under the in- fluence of music more work is done and fewer mistakes are made. Q. Where is the windiest place in the world?—B. W. A. It is sald to be Commonwealth Bay, on the coast of Antarctica, south of Australia. According to the previ- ously unpublished records made by Sir Douglas Mawson's expedition a decade , the average wind velocity over a riod of 22 months was 44 miles an our, and wind speeds of from 90 to 100 miles al hour were not uncom- mon. . Q Why was Christy Mathewson called “Big 8ix"?—R. F. A. At that time the six-cylinder motor car represented the last word in wer and efficiency among automo- iles. It is thought that the nickname was given to this veteran pitcher be- cause of his ability. Q. Please name a city in which track- less street cars are used—E. C. A. In London and Vienna trackless trolleys are in operation. The cars have rubber tires and are attached at the top by two trolleys, one on each side. Q. Which Roman raier first used the name Czazzr as a title?—C. P. A. Caesar was a title assumed by Oc- tavianus, adopted son-gf the great dic- tator, Julius Caesar, #nd was by him handed down to his adopted som, Ti- berfus. It continued to be used by Calig- ula, Claudius and Nero as members, either by adoption or female descent of Caesar's family; but though the family became extinct with Nero, suc Emperors still retained the name as part of their title, and it was the practice to prefix it to their own names, as Impera- tor Caesar, Domitianus Augustus. When Hadrian adopted Aelius Verus, he al- lowed the latter to take the title of Caesar, and from this time, though the title Augustus continued to be con- fined to the reigning Emperor, that of Caesar was also granted the second person in the state and the heir pre- sumptive to the throne. After the death of Nero, his name was adopted as a kingly title by succeeding Roman Em- perors. practice continued, and the same title was used in modern times, as in the case of Kaiser and Czar. Q. How is the name of the famous singer Gigli pronounced?—G. H. N. A. It is pronour.ced as if spelled Gee- ly. The “g” has the sound given it in word “gentle.” Gandhi Furnishes Parallel To America’s Big Tea Party Gandhi and his followers, in protesting against the salt monopoly, awake American interest in the possibility that resistance to the tax involved may extend to all the people of India. Some see in this Oriental movement a parallel the tax protest of Colonial days which inspired the Boston tea party. “If Lord Irwin had -chosen a wiser course,” remarks the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, “he would have thrown a spoke into the Gandhi plans by immediately wiping out this salt burden. His action would have been popular. It would have thrown ol on the troubled waters.” That paper sees a_blunder in the “deci- slon not to arrest Mahatma Gardhi, but to jail 68 of Gandhi's followers, includ- ing two prominent members of the All India Congress and the Mahatma’s son for the crime of ‘maki salt.” crime,” continues the gle, “rather resembles the throwing of British tea into Boston Harbor. It is civil diso- bedience based on the principle that taxation without representation is tyranny. . * K ok % While agreeing that the Gandhi ac- tion “is very like the tea party gesture,” the Savannah Morning News adds:: “There is contrast between them which exhibits the contrast between the Gandhi method and the Boston method. Gandhi is not organizing raids on British salt making, with &mpeny de- struction in view: he is striking from another angle. His method is the quiet one, the appeal to the action of the sun on the salt being plainly a wonder~ ful thought. The Boston party appealed t good right arms. its plan. wraps his disobedience in sym- bolism. He knows his followers. And the British, while armed trouble may follow in India as eventually in Amer- likely handle his case differently from the method it followed in America.” made more trouble about that.” the San Bernardino Sun, “than ttself would have justified. matter of principle. And hing with a sort of the sea, and under- leg salt in spite of the ent, is resisting somewhat as icular bra: of the British d then, only more peaceably. ce is_passive. Ours was Jt may become so in India PR also, in the American 3 uction of salt at Toms the Newark Evening et production. of - salt Indis, the uction of sal was accomplished by other deflances of British . How much more wisely Britain will with its disobedicnt Indian subjects,” continues the News, b y_cannot be the executive committee of the National Congress supporting him, he does not have behind him a completely united, single-minded nation, With his experi- ence and astuteness he must know this. ‘Therefore, he has contrived, by the sim- plest strategy, to put the game of crisis-making squarely into English hands. He has disobeyed deliberately, gubllclm ‘With that he may rest. The urden of action and consequences is now Britain's. She runs the chance of doing Gandhi's work for him—of gal- vanizing India into a unit. It is no wonder that in this situation she hesi- tates in uncertainty,” concludes the Sun. It is maintained by the Springfield (Mass.) Republican that “British states- men should not have given Gandhi this chance to exploit popular resentment against a government salt monopoly,” recalling -that “the increase of the salt tax was condemned even by the English press in India on the ground that it would ‘weigh most heavily on the poor- est of the poor.” On the other hand, the Seattle Daily Times warns that “possibly Gandhi has started something he cannot stop.” The Richmond News Leader offers the explanation of the situation: he tax is made the more hateful because it was increased pri- marily to raise money for the new gov- ernmental buildings at Delhi. To Gandhi and to every other thoughtful Indian it seems as if the palaces of an allen power are being built on the hun- Egr of the people and in the leanness of eir cattle.” The Haverhill Gdvette remarks that “force can be met by force,” but asks, “What can you do with a man who serenely turns the other cheek?” The Louisville Courier-Journal concludes: “Whether there is fighting, or whether the campaign ends in jail for the agi- tators, Gandhi without doubt is pre- &mng the way for better things. H the torchbearer, and his admirable, though vainglorious, stand in throwing light where light is neede Washington on Wheels. #rom the Detroit Free Press. The Ohio State Journal misses the point if it can find no other reason for the Chicago Tribune's championship of the idea of moving the National Capital to the Windy City than that the “world's greatest newspaper” wants to publish within earshot of the Senate. ‘The State Journal is horrified at the very suggestion that a city which can't manage its own affairs should aspire to becoming the Capital of this great and respectable country. ‘We take a more generous view of the proposal. A city can become so hope- lessly involved in difficulties that the only way out seems to be for self- vernment to abdicate and for an ex- ity to be called in to clean it up. The few righteous men still to be found in our American Sodom