Evening Star Newspaper, September 15, 1929, Page 45

(Continued from First Page.) pressure which might conceivably op- erate to unite into solid concrete the diverse elements of European national- ism. It would not be easy, but it might b~ possible.” Obviously there are other factors. For instance, there probably, even with- out the spur of American competition, would have been a swing of the pendu- lum away from the excessive national- ism of the immediate pos Allowance also must be ma fact that in Britain, France and Ger- many the governments have today dis- tinctly left wing leanings. Basically, however, that school of ad- vocates of the European federation from which Briand is supposed to draw in- spiration rests its case on the argument that modern industry demands large units within which to work. It holds the world's forces are mainly made up of five distinct forms of international thought—American, British, European Russian and Mongolian-Asiatic. The United States, it claims, has already proved that small, isolated states can- not compete against large-scale pro- ductive units. Russia—so the argument runs—will| eventually become industrialized in the same manner as the United States. ‘The British Empire tends to become more and more self-contained. There- fore the United States of Europe should embrace the European comtinent and West Africa—with Britain trading West and for the East African colonies to make a territorial KEuropean-African group complete. The fifth group would comprise China, Mongolia, Manchuria and Japan. ‘There would be no tariff walls sur- | rounding the component parts of any | one of these groups. The question of | economic protection of one group | against another would be decided by | the World League and be based on the | potentialities of each group to develop itself by s own resources. Politically | each group would have a central fed- | eral government, but with complete in- | ternal autonomy for its component parts. Much of Plan “Utopian.” Much of this is so obviously Utopian it may well be doubted whether even Briand has swallowed it. It may be assumed that the vision of a United States of Burope is as far as he has allowed his imagination to wander. If such an economic federation as Briand has suggested could be accom- plished it would represent a great achievement and could hardly fail to bring political and military conse- quences i its train. For instance, if the armies and navies of the 27 coun- tries were amalgamated they would | provide by far the most powerful force in the world. If, conversely, they were largely disbanded as no longer neces- sary, immense sums of money would be freed for other employment, while there would be a great increase in the num- ber of prodyctive workers. Many volumes could be written about the economic effects of such a feder- ation. And after their completion an- other library would probably have to be | compelled to deal with the situation | brought about by the reorientation of a | large part of the world commerce, bank- ing and shipping. | however, man cars and take their chances on recouping in other European states? Would the proprietors of the Skoda Works welcome free competition from Krupp's? And would there be found politiclans with sufficlent daring to forego the tevenues derived from the tariffs and to realize the resulting defi- cits from the direct taxation of their own people? Politicians Are a Factor. Finally, would international cartels— for instance, such as a Franco-German steel combination—relish having their carefully worked-out arrangements and balances upset? And wouls ple, American and otherwise, who have investments in protected industries in various European countries care to see z:x':de,xperlmem of European free trade 11 these existing arrangements, be- ing humanly made, are, of course, sub- Ject to revers: rticularly if such re- versal seems ring a reasonable as- surance of financial returns. hind them stands something more diffi- cult to overcome—the politicians. Half of Europe today is ruled by dictators. If it be accepted that European free trade would allow commerce and in- dustry to flow into the most natural and most productive channels, the re- sultant change would sweep these dic- tators away. Is it to be supposed that Mussolini or De Rivera or Duca or Valdemaras would loosen their economic grip on their respective countries and depend for their political standing on the gratitude of their respective peoples? English Oppose the Idea. Still behind this stands national sen- timent. Although there is no indica- tion that Briand is unwilling to include Britain in the European economic fed- eration, both British Laborites and Conservatives oppose the idea—the for- mer because, in the words of their official organ, the Daily Herald, on July 13: “Our foreign policy is based on in- ernationalism, the boundaries of which are not in Europe nor yet in the British Empire.” The latter because for a thousand years Britain has prospered pretty well vis-a-vis a disunited Europe. The German press in July largely con- demned Briand’s idea, suspecting it to be a maneuver to strengthen French hegemony on the continent—and also because Germany wants to be friendly with the United States of America. The Italian press, likewise, showed itself skeptical of Briand's disinterestedness. Even the French newspapers have not become enthusiastic. Of course, as the quotation above pointed out, the advent of a European federation can be he-tened or retarded by external events. It may be doubted, whether the new American tariff, whatever form ft finally takes, will produce at most more than indi- vidual retaliation—and this at the mo- ment is the strongest argument the federationists have. Clear Meaning to Reception. While, therefore, it may be possible to accept as a serious possibility the formation of even a Pan-European cus- toms union, Briand’s idea and its re- ception may perhaps be taken as a definite indication that in Europe the Tariff Figures Shown. However, pencils need not be ‘sharp- ened just yet. In 1926 Sir Clive Mor- rison-Bell produced a diagram, which has not been seriously challenged, to show that taking the height of Britain’s tariff wall as represented by the figure | 6, others stood: Germany, 15; Austria, | 16; Rumania, 18; Czechoslovakia, 24 [ Jugoslavia, 25; Hungary, 27; Spain, 35; | Russia, 43. These figures give some | | idea of the difficulties even if economic questions were not complicated by po- litical considerations. To make the illustration more con- | crete is it reasonable to suppose that powerful and highly protected indus- tries in any European country will ad- mit free competition in their home markets for the sake of problematical exports into other countries? ~Would Renault or Citroen approve a free en- try into France of cheap Italian or Ger- forces of cohesion are approaching in trength those of disintegration; that he pendulum has about reached the limit of its swing toward excessive and unreasoning nationalism and that the second post-war decade is opening with the idea that liberalism at least should be given a fair show, not condemned unheard. (Copyright, 1929.) U. S. BELIEVES TIME NOT RIPE. Pan-Europa Is Regarded Here as Some- thing Remote. Belief in Washington is pronounced that the time is not yet at hand for a United States of Europe. In fact, the feeling here is that pan-Europa is some- thing remote. While it is true that when the Briand-Kellogg pact for the renunciation of war was first proposed cruises CANADIAN PACIFIC doubles its Mediterra- nean program this winter . world’s greatest travel system . demand for the Canadian ance and mentorship! ‘Which will you take? .. two 73-day cruises by the . resule of double Pacific kind of cruise guid- S. S. Empress of Scotland, Feb. 3 ...S.S. Empress of France, Feb. 13. Both from New York. The usual enchanting ports and many other out-of-the-way spots . . . Majorca, isle of Chopin's romance with Georges Sand . . . carnival Venice . . . Dubrovnik and Kotor... Greece, from peasant Corfu to classic Athens . . . 18 full days in Biblical lands. . All the way. . ; guided expertly through the myriad thrills.of 17 countries . . . by Canadian Pacific’s one management, ship and shore. Aslowas $900. Plan now! ROUND -THE-WORLD CRUISE Hurry. . . for desirable space. From New York, Dec. 2, 137 days. Empress of Australis, 21,850 gross tons. The complete circuit of thewonderbelc of theworld. 3 added countries. The right seasons. Concentration on high spots. Seventh season. As low as $2000. Booklets, ship-plans, reservations from your own agent, or District Office, C. Ave. E. Phelps, Fourteenth and New York . N.W., Washington, D. C. those peo- | But_be- | te THE SUNDAY by Premier Aristide Briand, the leader who now proposes the United States of Europe, the was viewed in some quarters with derision and then soon became a fact, it is not believed here that history will repeat itself with re- spect to a united Europe. The diffi- culties in the way are regarded as too great. Many view them as insuperable. Borah Favorable to Plan. So far as the Benate is concerned, that body is so much wrapped up in tariff, the Vare case and other matters that it is giving little thought to a United States of Europe. In the for- eign relations committee, however, a few members have given the Briand proposal thought. Senator Borah, chairman, declared when first informed of the Briand proposal that he was fa- vorable to it and hoped it would come pass. But when asked whether he believed it would actually eventuate Senator Borah replied that there are “many ob- stacles in the wa He added that he did not want to put any difficulties in its path or seem pessimistic about it. Senator Moses, member of the for- eign relations committee, was more out- spoken as to the matter of difficul- les. “About all that can be said of the proposal,” sald Senator Moses, “is that it is an iridescent dream. It is no new idea. It has been suggested many times. It has never got anywhere and so far as I can see is no nearer than ever.” Need Economic Unity. Senator Moses said that if Europe should get together in a confederation which would bring about the abolition of economic barriers it would, of course, have a profound effect on tariff rela- tions between Europe and the United States. He said that a zollverein, or economic union, might be organized without forming a United States of Eu- Tope. Generally speaking, in Senate and House circles the belief is pronounced that the differences, the hatreds, the jealousies and the century-old racial and religious prejudices of Europe are so great that a United States of Europe is_an impossibility. It is noted here that Dr. Stressemann and others at Geneva have insisted that any such union must be economic and not_political. This phase of the matter is the one that is given most considera- tion by men in Congress and high of- ficlals who give thought to foreign affairs. While it is not expected there will be a pan-Europe or United States of Europe in the near fututre, what is recognized is that there is a tendency in Europe to get rid of the trade bar- riers that tend to interfere with com- merce among the European powers. This tendency, it is pointed out, is likely to be promoted by the discussion of the Friand proposal. May Fight Tariff. ‘The consequence is that although the idea of Briand is widely viewed here as impracticable, it is recognized that its consideration may have economic con- sequences of moment for the United States. To the extent that European nations reach understandings to tariffs and trade restrictions, it is ap- prehended here they may be disposed to unite in an economic war against the United States by unitedly fighting high tariff rates in this country and, perhaps, working more unitedly to win world trade away from the United States. A United States of Europe in a real sense would, of course, mean a con- as LARS! We Will Gladly Tell You the Age of Your Range Washington STAR, WASHINGTON, federation or union which conceivably might at some time be arrayed against Thia apect, of ‘the Gase 18" given prac: aspect of the case is - tically r?:-mnuon here, as it is looked on as out of the bounds of likelihood. But there are economic aspects of the talk of a United States of Europe which as the discussion of the project goes ahead will inevitably command more and more serious notice here. The tarift and trade phase of the proposal has al- ready been pointed out. Might Form Big Bank. # Another economic aspect of the propo- sition has reference to banking, credit and finance. Just as it would be theo- retically possible for Europe to unite in trade understandings which ~would greatly embarrass the United States, so & union of the financial and banking forces of Europe would be able to dom- inate the world, and America would be subordinated in a financial sense. It is pointed out that the recent project for a great intnernational bank to take charge of the machinery of Ger- man reparations and do other fune- tions in international banking might be found to At in with the Briand scheme of things. . Story The Week Has Told (Continued From Third Page.) the stress should be on disarmament and on land as well as naval disarma- ment. He made the suggestion, not unlikely to prove fruitful, that the League create a minorities commission on a footing with its mandates, commission and eco- nomic commission. He warmly commended Briand’s ef- forts toward European solidarity, but expressed the opinion that an economic pan-Europe should be the limit of pres- ent efforts, conditions not being ripe for a political association. (One sus- pects that Briand's proposal for the latter was scarcely more than a “feel- er”), he was very effective on the gro- tesqueness of the existing economic barriers in Europe. By this speech Dr. Stresemann well served his country and considerably en- hanced his own already great prestige. On September 9, Briand gave a little luncheon at Geneva to the heads of the 27 delegations to the League Assembly, three of them premiers, and 22 for- eign Ministers, the object being, after discussion of a repast to win the :E; proval of & Lucullus or a Brillat-Savarin, discussion of Briand’s pan-European project. We are told that unanimous consent (to what extent the exquisite vintages may have contributed thereto one may not say) was given to the following procedure: Briand to submit to every govern- ment of Europe a draft of his plan questionnaire; to digest the answers to the latter in a report, and to submit the report to a similarly constituted gathering during the session of next year's League Assembly. The guests agreed to recommend to their govern- ments to furnish their chief delegates to the next Assembly specific mandates for consideration of the report. Briand is quoted as declaring (after champagne Louis Roederer brut 1919” etc.), that “the corner stone of a in sufficient detail, accompanied by a| D. C, SEPTEMBER 15, 1929—PART 2. Reviews of Newest Books (Continued Prom Fourth Page.) practices of many parts of the world, For us it survives only in the slang phrase of “vamping” and in the grue- 'some tales of certain writers. Here, however, is a comprehensive and search- ing treatment of this subject. =The author investigates the literature of both myth and history for the origin of this source of many a terrible super- stition, of many a gloomy belief con- cerning this thing which is ‘“neither ghost nor phantom,” but a “dead body which continues to live in the grave, which it leaves, however, by night for the purpose of sucking the blood of the living, whereby 1t is nourished and pre- served in good condition instead of becoming decomposed like other dead bodles.” We smile over such a super- stition nowadays, yet there are in our own daily attitudes faint vestiges of the beliefs induced so powerfully in ancient times by this hideous creature of the imagination—the vampire. Where did this belief arise? What were its characteristics of appe: ce European federation” heorng oKy had been laid at Following the 1lead of Germany, France and Great Britain, Italy has signed adhesion to the optional clause of the World Court protocol. I related last week how Briand told the Assembly that he would urge the French Parliament to ratify the gen- eral League act for compulsory arbitra- tion (not yet ratified by any State). The premiers of Greece and Finland and the foreign Ministers of Czecho- slovakia have promised to bring similar pressure on the Legislatures of their countries. Poland has been re-elected and Jugo- slavia and Peru have been newly elect- ed to representation on the League council. \ ‘The French delegation has submitted @ resolution to the Assembly calling for a new international economic con- ference under the e auspices. In a previous issue I cited a quasi- official statement to the effect that the other members of the British common- wealth of nations would follow Great Britain’s lead in accepting the optional clause of the World Court protocol. ‘There seems to be doubt as to the cor- rectness of that statement, at any rate as regards A‘utnih‘lnfl New Zealand. NI NOTES.—They say that if a Parisian wishes to unforgivably inswt another Parisian he calls him “Snowden.” It's much worse than calling him “boche” or “visigoth.” Or thus it was several weeks ago. A considerable part of the medical fraternity seem to regard hopefully the diet cure for tuberculosis recently pub- lished to the world, after elaborate tests which he finds convincing, by Dr. Ger- son, a Westphalian practictioner. The world is watching with extraor- dinary interest the performances of the Do-X, the Dornier 100-passenger seaplane. The Dornier plant is a sub- sidiary of the Zeppelin Co. The Rohr- bach seaplanes being operated on the Baltic routes by Lufthansa are very efficient machines. Apparently we must consent to say “extrality” henceforth instead of “ex- traterritoriality.” and behavior? These questions Mr. Summers makes the theme of thorough research and investigation in various parts of the world—in Assyria, the Far East and cther remote lands. Another volume is in preparation for the pur- suit of the vampire in Europe. A most interesting phase of this study is tb> one dealing with this creature in lite: ture—the extent to which it has ap- pealed to the imagination of writers in prose and poetry, their varying methods of treatment, the effect upon litera- ture of this weird presence. Incidents and anecdotes are given illustrative of the activities of the vampire here and there, of the, atrocities perpetrated by it upon helpless humans—children, women, the young, the old. In addi- tion to this record of research, the author gives an extensive bibliography for the use of any who may feel im- pelled to pursue this old and malignant superstition. Books Received ELECTRICAL UTILITIES: The Crisis in Public Control. By Willlam E. Mosher, editor; Finla G. Crawford, Ralph E. Himstead, Maurice R. Scharff, A. Blair Knapp, Richard L. Schank and Louis Mitchell, under uspices of the school of citizenship and public affairs, Syracuse Uni- versity. New York: Harper & Bros. ALL THE BROTHERS WERE VALI- ANT. By Ben Ames Williams. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc. NAUTILUS LIBRARY—PERIL OF THE SEA: A Book of Shipwrecks and Escapes. By J. G. Lockhart. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co. TOMAHAWK RIGHTS. By Hal G. Evarts. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. AERIAL NAVAGATION AND METE- OROLOGY: A Comprehensive Trea- tise in Simple Language for the Stu- dent With an Average Education. By Capt. Lewis A. Yancey, master mariner, marine surveyor, nautical commander. Numerous solved prob- lems and examples for practice. Second revised and much enlarged edition. Fully illustrated by 102 en- gravings and color plates. New York: The Norman W. Henley Pub- M'S T UAL OWN- ERSHIP. By George L. Bolen. Bat- tle Creek: Wages, Wealth and Wel- LANES LEAD To CIT] IES. By Georg- ina Garry, author of “Plpt{u Wft'h Spires.” Co,, Inc. MORE “VERY YOUNG” SONGS: From “When We Were Very Young” and “Now We Are Six.” Words by A. A. Milne. Music by H. Fraser- g:‘mwn‘,’ Eecnnflom by E. H epard. New York: E. P. Du | SONGS FROM “LOOKIN OUT OF JIMMIE.” By Helen HI.I'S ness Flanders. Music by Heinrich Gebhard. TIllustrated by Willy Pog- any. New York: E. P. Dutton & | ., Inc, THE MAN IN THE QUEUE. By Gor- don Daviot. New York: E. P. Dut- ton & Co., Inc. iPAMILY GROUP. By Diana Patrick. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc. 'GINERVA: A Romance. By Virginia Tllustrated by Charlotte New York: E. P. Dutton & . By . See. New York: Bertram Book Corporation. THE _ROBERT LLOYD TONE SYS- TEM: The Right Way to Use the Voice in Speech or Song; the Correcs tion of Stammering. San Prancisco: Harr Wagner Publishing Co. MOTION PICTURES IN ADVERTIS- ING AND SELLING. By Edward F. Stevenson. Published by the author. TAIWAN (Formosa): Its System of Communications and Transportation. Submitted by the Japanese Delegate for Taiwan to the Ninth Conference of the International Postal Union, held at London, May, 1929. Pub- lished by the Government General | of Taiwan. YELLOW MUNRO. By Gerard Falrlie. Boston: Little. Brown & Co. A GUIDE TO BERNARD SHAW. By Edward Wagenknecht, author of “Values in Literature” etc. New York: D. Appleton & Co. THE CHRONICLES OF A GIGOLO. By Julian Swift. New York: Horace Liveright. ICAN COLONY. Brackett. New York: Horace Live- right. LIFE GOES ON.” By W. G. New York: Horace Liveright. STRICTLY PERSONAL. By Julie New York: D. Ap- RODEO. By B. M. Bower. Boston: coLitile, Brown & Go. BERYL. By J. C. Snaith. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 5 EVANGELICAL COCKROACH. By Jack Woodford. New York: Louis Carrier & Co. Rogers. LIPSTICK: A Novel of Us and Our'l Young Sophisticates. By H. Gates. New York: Barse & Co. NEARING THE END IN IMPERIAL RUSSIA. By George Thomas Marye, American _Ambassador to Russia, 1914-16. Tllustrated. Philadelphia: Dorrance & Co. Recent accessions to the Public Li- brary and lists of recommended reading will appear in this column each Sunday. Physical Education. Crampton, C. W. The Dail, Builder. VS-C846d. s Glimm, Mrs. Z. A. V. O. Relax and THE PUBLIC LIBRARY Grow; Baby Teaches Us How. VS-| G49. Maroney, F. for Public Schools. ~ VS-M346ph. New York: E. P. Dutton & | Michigan University. Department of Physical Education for Women. Phy- sical Education Activities for High School Girls. VS-M58. Study. Crawford, A. B. Incentives to Study. 1X83Y-C85i. Hall-Quest, A. L. Supervised Study in lll:; Elementary School. IQY-H s. Phi Gamma Delta. A Manual on How to Study. IQY-P53. Commerce and Business. Business Reference Library. 6 v. HK- B964. Campbell, Retail Trade. ‘The Inquiry, ‘William. Wholesale N. Y. Business and By Charles | W. Physical Educlflon’ 5 Ideals. HKE-In77. Frontiers of Trade. 67. Effective Selling. HKP- Snée. Updegraff, R. R. The New American Tempo. HK-Upln. Insects. » H. G. The Mosquitoes of the Americas. OT-D982m. Fabre, J. H. C. The Spollers. OT-F 112sp. Needham, J. G. and others. Leaf- Mining Insects. OT-N2831. Wheeler, W. M. Foibles of Insects and Men. OT-W5631. Songs. | Anthology of American Song, High Voice. 1906. VZV-An8gh. Anthology of American Song, Low Voice. 1906. VZV-An8s1l. Bispham, D. S. The David Bispham Song Book 1920. VZV-B547s. Bond, Mrs. C. J., comp. Negro Spirit- | uals of the South. VZV-B642n. | Davison, A. T. and Surette, T. W, comps. The Home and Community Song Book. 1922. VZV-D296h. Macmillan, Ernest, ed. A Book of Songs. VZV-M226b. | Wier, A. E, ed. Ballads the Whole World Sings 1917. VZV-W633b. Stenography and Typewriting. AdlAms, E. 8. Typewriting Units. ZHW- B. Teachers' Manual and to Speedwriting Exercises. | 3 . J. Modern Typewriting. ZHW-F71 m. | Harned, W. E. Intermediate Typewrit- | ing Studies for Second-Year Courses . ZHW-H226i. | st. Most-Used Shorthand | ZF-H786m. A American ?Llndl.l’d - Amazing liquid - ENDS PAIN coms A VER 3,000,000 people have | cured painful corns and luses by this amazing method. One | drop of new scientific liquid deadens pain in 3 seconds — then dries up corn. You peel it off with fingers. Doctors use it widely. Beware of imitations. Get the real “Gets-It"— for sale everywhere. “GETS-IT,” Inc., Chicago, U. S. 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