Evening Star Newspaper, July 11, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Im Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.......July 11, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business reew' Yook Siier 10 Rant vana e o Office: Lake Michisgn Bulldine. an-Office: 14 Rogent. 8t.. London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. (.'llel:nl ‘fl;nfllyl) . 80c per month and Sunday Star unc per month unday "Collection ma ench month. ection mac # Orders may be sent In by mall oF telephone NAtional 5000, Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. All Other States and Canada. Dafly and Sunday..1 yr, $12.00; 1 mo. 81,00 y & 1yr., $8.00; 7se unday only 80 +eid yr, $5.00; 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. Press is exclusively er.titled o Ao o el 7o dtches {hrflaitaa to it 3'.'1‘.": gmo shee aper v:l'b 1shed hersin All Tii fon of thts of publie: Dhecial dispatches hereln are also reserved. Reaping the Tariff Whirlwind. It was manifest from the outset that when the House of Representatives sowed the wind of the Hawley bill, the United States sooner or later would reap the whirlwind. The anticipated has been realized. It is literally a whirl- wind that has descended upon Wash- ington—a whirlwind of protests from foreign governments without parallel in the history of American tariff-making. No fewer than twenty-five countries have submitted complaints and repre- sentations through the State Depart- ment. These in turn were communi- cated by Secretary Stimson to the Sen- ate finance committee, which is now molding the Senate tariff bill, and from that quarter the protests are made public. When President Hoover summoned the new Congress in special session three months ago he used the following language in connection with his pro- posal of “limited” changes in the Ford- ney-McCumber law: In determining changes in our tariff ‘we must not fail to take into account the broad interests of the country as a whole, and such interests include our trade relations with other countries. It is obviously unwise protection which sacrifices & greater amount of employ- ment in exports to gain a less amount of employment from imports. It is now plain that the House did “fall to take into account the broad interests of the country as a whole” when it enacted rates which have, stirred the ire of the entire economic universe. From Europe, Asia and from North, South and Central America the pro- tests have rained in. In at least one case, that of Spain, there is a definite threat of drastic reprisals. They are foreshadowed in other regions. The Madrid government, over the signature of Dictator de Rivera himself, suggests its readiness to denounce the existing most-favored-nation modus vivendi with the United States—adopted two or three years ago pending conclusion of a com- mercial treaty—if the American Con- gress insists upon blighting Spanish trade on projected lines. ‘There are hardly less forceful words in the communications from other gov- ernments and from business associations in their respective countries. Canada and Argentina, our best customers in this hemisphere, are sorely aggrieved. Great Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, the Netherlands, Greece, the Irish Free State, Turkey, Persia, Norway and Denmark comprise the European chorus of indignation. In the din of remonstrance emanating from the sister Americas, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Uruguay, Guatemala and Honduras join. The Bahamas and Bermuda associate them- selves with the protests of Great Britain, From the other side of the globe echoes s stentorian complaint from India. Even in the South Seas the Hawley bill has generated hostility, for the com- monwealth of Australia, that vast po- tential market for American trade, proclaimed its feelings at Washington in vigorous terms. ‘The magnitude and comprehensive- ness of these representations cannot be ignored by Congress. They strike an court were packed with those who had run afoul of the regulations. Fortunately, & court building for the Police, Municipal and Juvenile tribu- nals is to be one of the first structures to be erected when the municipal center project gets under way. But, even if there is no delay in obtaining funds for the construction work, it will be some time before this new ocourt build- ing will be ready for occupancy. The new Congress co-operated to make pos- sible an early start on the municipal center by passing & resolution recently suthorizing the District to spend $3,000,- 000 of its accumulated surplus to ac- quire the land for the center, which will extend from Third to Sixth streets, Pennsylvania to Louisiana avenues. The. process of acquisition takes time, however, and after that comes the task of clearing a site and obtaining an- other appropriation to start a court building. If some temporary arrangement could be made to give the Trafic Court a more adequate place to meet it would be helpful, but the problem will be solved properly only by going forward as expeditiously as possible with plans for the new buildings in the municipal center. A similar illustration of the acute- ness of the District's housing situation was furnished recently when the Ju- venile Court had to move from one of the temporary Government hotels on Union Station plaza to make way for the beginning of the plaza improve- ment. At that time it became neces- sary to move the Juvenile Court into a public school building on Arthur place between B and C streets. This school~ house also is in the line of the plasa improvement, but will not be disturbed in the immediate future. ——o—s Future Policy in Portables. The inspection of portable schools by the municipal architect’s office will fur- nish the Board of Education with facts upon which to base its decision regard- ing the future policy in the use of these unsatisfactory and “temporary” struc- tures. They have been altogether too permanent. In the past, as their use in one section of the city became un- necessary because of new school build- ings, they have been transferred to another section where the schools were crowded. Even now there is a waiting list for the portables. New bulldings will rejieve them in some cases, but old buildings are crying for them to take care of the excess demand. The Board of Education must decide whether the portables will continue to be trans- ferred, as in the past, or go out of existence when new buildings replace them in their present locations. The alternatives are unattractive. Either the portables must continue to be used as in the past or they must gradually be eliminated and part-time classes inaugurated or continued in schools where the congestion might otherwise be relieved by the transfer of portables. Reports on, the progress of the in- spection of portable schools are by no means encouraging. Many of them have been found in a disgracefully di- lapidated condition, with leaky roofs, cracks in the walls and rotting supports. Some of these defects could probably be repaired. Some of them indicate an amazing condition of disrepair, the re- sponsibility for which has not been clearly demonstrated. But even if re- paired and some of the minor defects corrected, their continued use would be in the face of Dr. Ballou's recent state- ments regarding the demonstrable ef- fects of high wind storms, and the nar- Tow escapes, in several instances, of the children. Should there be another of these storms, as there surely will be, and if there should be a tragedy, the responsibility would be a bitter one in- deed, for those in authority. ‘The municipal architect's office will no doubt make & report that carefully analyzes the structural defects of the buildings. This report will be studied carefully by the Board of Education. It may lead to the abandonment of some portables before they have been replaced by permanent buildings. It should certainly leave no doubts in the minds of any one as to the safety of the portables to remain in use. A generous margin of doubt should be provided for. ‘The parents who send their children to portable schools in the Fall should be secure in the thought that the bulld- almost identical note, ie., that the pro- posed rates are arbitrarily high and menace the American trade of the pro- testing country with something ap- proaching ruin. The remonstrances . from abroad go straight to the roots of that domestic prosperity which our tariff system is designed to “protect.” ‘We can therefore hardly afford to treat this Niagara of protests as a flood that will trickle into an innecuous rivulet if we are sufficlently indifferent. to it. ‘The backbone of the United States’ economical structure is, of course, our colossal home market, with its consuming and buying power. But our forelgn trade, in the development of which Herbert Hoover has had so much to do, accounts for a tidy item of $10,000,000,000 & year. An enormous percentage of it is represented by manu- factured goods turned out in this coun- try on the mass-production scale, which has become’ the bedrock of the Amer- ican industrial system. Shut off the outlet for that trade by engendering prohibitive tariff arrangements overseas and you have about as classic an in- stance of cutting off our nose to spite our own face as can easily be imagined. It was with & view to precisely such a situation—the situation which has now arisen—that President Hoover ad- monished Congress to go slow in tariff tinkering if it did not wan{ to aggra- vate “our trade relations With other countries.” The United States, opulent and independent as it is, cannot look with equanimity upon international tariff' hostilities, It seems extremely , 'unlikely that Mr. Hoover would sanction such conflict by his signature to s bill that would be tantamount to & declara- ‘tion of economic war. Aviation is & most versatile form of | modern interest. There is always some | mew kind of record to be broken. | A i Court Accommodations. The extent to which the District gov- ings, which will house their children for the greater part of the day, are safe and as free from the usual hazards as men and money can make them, Crowded and part-time classes are small items compared to the dangers of disaster. ————————— Photographers are still anxious to take pictures of Lindbergh in spite of the fact that his brilliant experiences have not changed his appearance in the slightest. It is a mistake to assume that the great public is- fickle and al- ways insistent on novelty. The “Curiosity Run.” There was & “run” on practically every bank in the country yesterday. These “runs” were anticipated and did little damage, except to wilt the collars of thousands of paying tellers who had to work much more vigorously than usual. Every one was eager to see the new money and United States Treasury of- ficials estimate that some sixty million dollars’ worth of the first issues yester- day will go into home museums, while at least an equal amount of the old notes will be stored away sgainst the day when they will be obsolete, or at least as rare as doubloons and Pine Tree shillings and war-time plasters.” ‘The new money furnished hot weather employment for the groups feit. It is also stated by the currency experts that the experience with the smaller-sized notes in the Philippines is an assurance that the public through- out the United States will find them much more convenient to handle. Each denomination carries a portrait etching of & different notable—Wash- ington, Jefferson, Lincoln, Hamilton, Jackson, Grant and Cleveland—so to raise a note from $5 to $50 it would not only be necessary to add a cipher, but also to change the portrait from that of Lincoln to that of Grant; or to raise a note from $1 to $10 besides the added cipher it would be necessary to change the portrait from that of Wash- ington to that of Hamilton. Thus is the work of the counterfeiter compli- cated. ‘Whatever else the simultaneous "run” on all the banks of the country yesfer- day demonstrated, it showed the tre- mendous amount of money in circula- tion, induced many persons who never before studied their currency to do so, even under magnifying glasses, and made the whole country money-minded for a few hours, at least. ‘Thus has another innovation in our financial structure taken its place in history. —————— ‘Why Mention Box Seats? One of the interesting and instructive notices that the Capital Traction Co. places in the cars for the entertainment of its passengers advances an argument reading substantially as follows: “The company is asking for & ten- cent cash fare or four tokens for thirty cents. Experience shows that eighty- five out of every one hundred car riders would pay the seven and one-half cent token fare and that only fifteen would pay the ten-cent cash fare. These fifteen would be occasional, and not regular, patrons. If a theater sold 1,000 seats for fifty cents and one hun- dred and fifty box septs for seventy- five cents, you would not say that the theater charges seventy-five cents, would you?” 4 Yes, for box seats. But will the Capital Traction Co. provide seats in its cars for the ten- cent patrons comparable to the box seats in the theater for the seventy- five-cent patrons? And if the theater raised the price of admission, would it not be expected that the theater would add more attractions, lengthen the program and announce that it had changed from a policy of super per- formances to superlatively super and even gala performances? One reason that the helpless street car riding public resents an increase in fare is the lack of any guarantee that 1t will get any more for its money than it did before. The only beneficiary is the street car company, which does not even promise seats in the peanut gallery, not to mention box seats. ————— A popular public man is justified in feeling that handshaking in hot weather is & burdensome task for all concerned. Handshaking may be dispensed with temporarily, but not permanently. It is a symbolic ceremonial, attesting popular esteem. In measuring July temperature the “Kiosk” on Pennsylvania avenue holds 1ts own as a center of interest for those who insist on knowing the worst of the bad news. The “Kiosk” has scientific value, but it is no popular comfort. —_—————— Instead of attempting to carry out the old idea of “smashing the trusts,” the new idea is to let mergers proceed to & logical conclusion and demonstrate. for the benefit of- history, just how the system will work out. ——————— ‘Women insist on seasonable attire. If women were on the police force, the hot, cumbersome clothing of the patient overworked officer would be abolished the First of July at the latest. — e A debate between churchmen and physicians on prohibition may lack the picturesque touches of an evolution argument. But it is likely to be no Jess spirited. ‘The perils of the submarine persist in times of peace as well as in war. In the new social economy, the old motto “Safety First” has lost its meaning. —— r————— One of the elements of charm in a Summer beauty contest rests in the fact that the contestants appear so cool and comfortable. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Eternal Question. Men risk their lives to earn applause On earth or in the sky— And now and then some one will pa: To ask the question, “Why?” ‘We toil through many a weary day, As for great things we try- ‘The world goes its historic way, And leaves us questioning “Why?" Deing His Best. “What sre you doing to relieve the farmer?” “All that seems possible under the circumstances,” sald Senator Sorghum; “at least I can occasionally say & few kind words."” Jud Tunkins says his idea of a real “rube” is & young feller that believes all the illustrated ads he sees in & magazine, et Modified Athletics. The tennis girl one day we'll view A housewife, with ambitions new. The racket she at last lays by And is content to “swat a fiy.” ‘ The Fisherman. “Are you going fishing this Summer?” ! 8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1929. 1 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL., “Selfishness must always be forgiven, you know, because there is no hope of & cure,” Crawford. led Many a person who has sf with this fault in others will be g to admit the truth of Miss Crawford’s observation. It is questionable whether ai has ever fought a battle with in this regard, for usually the vice is colored over so that it appears as some- thing else. In most cases selfishness is a failing which one sees clearly in others. Pirst showing in little children, it works it- self u? ‘to middle life and old age, never mn ing its hold on its unhappy vic- Parents make a great show of com- bating the fault, but it is highly un- likely that they ever make any real progress. A common method is to force the lit- tle one to share every gift with some other child. Perhaps this does a little good, as the saying is, but in the main 1t is futile, Such unselfishness under duress is mainly superficial. It has no hidden springs reaching into character, but is, like beauty, #kin deep. Once let the child have its own way, it reverts to its old habits of grabbing the biggest apple for itself and of eat- ing it all without thought of comrade. * ok * % ‘There is precious little cure for self- Ishness because the vice reaches back o the elemental. Based squarely on the law of self- preservation, said by competent ob- servers to be the first law of life. it comes down through the ages in greater or less degree to every one of us. Children are commonly to be observed ‘who not only want all that they see for themselves, but cannot stand to see a playmate have anything. They will take occasion to destroy the toys of others, often in superrough play, apparently, but none the less effective for their pur- one 1 pose. In adult life many a man (or woman) who cannot be happy himself finds it expedient to destroy the happiness of others by much the same methods. Jealousy. envy. selfishness—there you have a trio working together as well as Dumas’ famous musketeers, but with- out the plain gains of the soldiers three. It may be doubted if any one ever gained through either jealousy or envy. e b With selfishness it must be confessed that often the holder of it is a winner to_some extent. There are degrees of selfishness, as there are degrees of every other quality. There are certain unselfish ones to whom a bit of it would be an incalcu- lable gain; it would steady their every- day doings, give a certain firmness to their characters, and put them in the ;l}l'“of gaining more solid satisfaction e. Despite the fact that love of money is commonly regarded as being uni- versal, thousands of young people are turned out of the doors of educational institutions every year without the least regard or desire for money. Having been brought up under what may be called the old-fashioned senti- ments, these young people go into the great world with the highest ideals, prepared to believe that if they do the right thing the right thing will be done by them. Often it is not until years later that | they wake up to the fact that the race has been to those who had a certain amount of selfishness in their systems. Some years ago a certailn magasine blisher of moderate success declared one of his articles that he had & contempt for money. ‘Then he suddenly about-face, under the prodding of some astute person or persons unknown. He declared, as vehemently as he had for the other side, that he was going out to make money. He detalled the un- doubted vantages of wealth. He be- came a very rich man. His was a case of enlightened selfishness. * ok k% made & right-land Amanullsh Tour Made Piker of U. S. Tourists From the Richmond News-Leader. What & return date is Amanullah playing now? A brief year and a half ago he walked with kings and kept the common touch with motor car and aero salesmen. The gaps in the Afghan amir's time were filled in with war munition providers and house furnish- ers, dressmakers and iths, and the amir inevitably g b‘gu. into a train of ‘Oriental gropofl ns. ‘The trucks which bore is trunks to Claridge’s, in London, were guarded by a cordon of bobbles, just as his &onoml belo: in Bom- ay, some 140 cases of cl and cash, are under the watchful eye of British tommies. ‘The American tourist is the conven- tional stereotype for the lavish nder, The first step In meeting the selfish | Put what pikers the wildest ofl”klnn person is to get firmly fixed in mind the idea that his fault must be for- given him since there is no hope for a cure. To feel perpetually wron ‘because some one you know and like displays selfishness is to put one's self in the position of the mythological figure who was perpetually rolling a stone to the top of & hill. Just as there was no hope for him ever getting to the top, so there is little it any one may cure the selfish- ness of the selfish person. It can, however, be mitigated. The first error most people make in handling such cases is to ply them with gifts, in the futile hope t their selfishness will be filled up at last. Human character, however, i3 no bucket or well with solid bottom. Its depths are limitless as the ses, its de- sires insatiable, its cravings without end. As 1s said of a certain popular con- fection, the more one gets, the more one wants. Most selfish people are sold solidly on the common business proposition, that there is no standing still either for a person or a firm, that both must go forward or backward. ‘With selfish persons the motto works itself out into a grabbing process, in an endeavor to milk the old cow dry. The first principle in dealing with them is to get firmly fixed in the mind the im- possibility- of securing their gratitude. Y A kind uncle who loved his small niece tried surfeiting her with gifts, until one day, upon the presentation of a fine ring, she sai “Thank you— where’s the necklace?” Then he quit. He had learned the first lesson. The second is more difficult. It requires some real head work, since it becomes necessary to train the other in deeds’ directed to others. ‘This, with an inherently selfish per- son, is no easy feat. It is necessary, however, if one is to make any headway in his treatment. Let it be understood that he is not being trained to be gen- erous, but simply to become selfish in a different way, for remember that there 1s no real cure, He must be forgiven for his other good ints, if he has any. If he hasn't, might as well be given up as a Job. ‘When a selfish person is induced to give a gift to another, or do him some , he comes as near as he ever will come to being unselfish, for he instantly transfers a part of his selfish nature, and puts it into the gift or the service. The gift having come from him, or the service having been done by him, he is involved in them to the extent which his nature requires. He can now be interested and happy, because it is himself, or a certain part of him- self, he is interested in—as always. Ability and Zeal Recognized In Personnel of Farm Board As the members of the Federal Farm Board have been selected by President Hoover, the press has applauded the selection of men successful in private enterprises and the zeal they display in | their willingness to give their services to | test the new law. Chairman Alexander Legge, who comes from the Interna- tional Harvester Co., attracts especial attention. ‘That Chairman Legge's services in organizing the machinery of the board “will go far toward insuring the even- tual success of the experiment” is the opinion of the Roanoke Times based upon the position taken “by those con- versant with his business genius and sound judgment.” ~The Kalamazoo Gazette describes the personnel of the board as “broad-gauge administrators.” The Adrian Telegram says it seems “singularly fortunate that Mr. Legge should head the board,” and the Charleston Evening Post, describing his as “an outstanding business man,” declares that the task of these men “ as hard a one as has ever been imposed upon a Federal board.’ ‘The fact that Representative Howard of Nebraska, “a militant Democrat,” in- dorses the chairman impels the Sioux City Tribune to observe, “Mr. Howard knows Legge and has faith in his | fobacco ability and his spirit toward the agri- cultyre cause.” The South Bend Trib- une remarks that “his reward must be in the knowledge that he grasped the opportunity to serve in what is recog- nized as a national emergency.” The Chattanooga Times thinks the sacri- fices of such men “are no doubt fully appreciated by thoughtful citizens,” while the Charleston Daily Mail sees a case in which “the office seeks the man and the man makes a sacrifice to obey the call of duty.” * kK K The Chicago Tribune is also im- pressed with the importance of Legge's appointment and records: “His experi- ence equips him for the tasks which face him. He was porn and ?nm\llgat all his life; he has proved direct a vast enterprise; he is not un- methods of of- The Green Bay Press Gazette thinks that “in the entire country probably no better man could be found for this re- sponsibility,” and the Sioux Falls Daily Argus-Leader considers the announce- ment of his acceptance as “good ne to the agricultural regions” and arking “an amuspicious bqummg the Farm Board organization.’ The press generally appears fully cognizant of the sacrifice of material reward that is & n adjunct to as of , capal will have the tremendous satisfaction working for his country in a task which may result in great betterment for a large group of his fellow Americans. He is to be congratulated upon his op- B Conatiaied. upon Bis avallabiiy > con; upon 5 e injon. of the Springfield the fact “the very magnitude and complexity of the tasks facing the Farm Board must appeal to the public spirit and the sense of civic duty of resourceful and broad- minded men of affairs.” ‘That Mr. Legge, as chairman, “will have a big problem—something worthy of the hundred-thousand-dollar-a-year man he is,” is the statement of the Springfleld, Ohio, Sun, while the Toledo Blade emphasizes Mr. Hoover's “faith in his leadership of that body which must work without precedent to guide it,” & work that “will command not only the best brains to arrive at a solu- tion, but also will be extremely oner- ous,” according to the Allentown Morn- ing’ Call. “No such fund”—as the half-billion- dollar fund at the board’s disposal— “could be used either wisely or safely by & board of eight men, each of whom actu- ally was worth only $12,000 & year,” in- | ¢} sists the Grand Rapids Press, which considers that “the whole success of the Hoover enterprise in ald of agri- culture rested upon attracting men in whom the spirit of great adventure and service still lives, and is as vital in time of peace as in the dollar-a-day enthusi- asm of war.” Attention to of Mr. Legge on the board is by the Muncie Morning Star, which names “James C. Stone of Kentucky, represen growers; C. B. Denham of Mis- souri, representing ilve stock, and Carl Willlams of Oklahoma, representing cot- ton,” and this paper remarks, “It will be fortunate for the taxpayers and for the cause of agriculture that the mem- bers of the board are hard-headed and practical who may be expected to take & business view of their duties and opportunities.” ‘The choice from the Pacific Coast Charles C. Teague, president of two suc- cessful co-operative concerns, results in tributes to “his abilities and soundness of judgment,” as well as his “wide ezperlem:e in every s;nsh of arming,” from -News and the Santa Barbara Daily News. Radium Expert Traces Cancer to Astronomy BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. Tracing cancer to astronomy is s possible result of & suggestion made by Dr. John Joly, radium expert of the University of Dublin, Ireland, in & Te- cent letter .to the London scientific magazine, Nature. Cancer is increasing in civilized countries, probably all over the world. ‘The disease probably is much com- moner now than in prehistoric times. Usually this increase is blamed on overrefined food, civilization or on some other change in human habits. Dr. Joly suggests that it may be & result of where our solar system hap- :e may be leav- to a germ. ‘What Dr. Joly has in mind is the greater or lesser quantity in different space of rays imagined to be ?|in on the rapid pace of | true are in comparison with a monarch that set out to see the world with a letter of credit backed by actual cash in hand for $25,000,000! And when it comes to actual spending, just re how many Americans ever equaled Afghanistan’s outcast by laying out uo,tm,qoo on one sightseeing tour! And now the tour is over. A new amir sits in Kabul on the cushioned chairs with his feet on the brocaded sofas that Amanullah bought in Paris and failed to pay for. Another’s min- ister of war is using the machine guns and rapid-fire rifles that the $10,000,000 helped to purchase, and all that the deposed amir is sure of is that, at all hazards, Afghan men will kee] beards and Afghan women their veils. But, praise be to Allah! there is also a little d of nuts to the value of some $15,000,000 that is still to the former amir’s credit in the banks in Paris and | te, London. Unfortunately, this consoling knowledge is shared by certain vora- clous creditors whose bills are overdue. Without the knowledge or consent of his highness, another reception is being prepared for his arrival. This gather- ing may lack the royal touch of 1928, but the fervor of the hu:gry cormorants who are seeking immediate payment will give the amir an understanding of the real basis of welcome to Europe, and will add to his popular title, “King Hallelujah,” & meaning which pfob- ably escaped his royal perception when that pun was first made. ‘Whether the crowned heads will this year apply the rule, “Once a king, al- ways a king,” remains to be seen. b Sun Devotionals Held Balm to Sickly Souls From the New York Times. In a recent Nation is a rhapsodic article entitled “Confessions of a Sun ‘Worshiper.” Stuart Chase declares that baring the human breast to the sun is gathering ascendency. Everywhere throughout this sun-blessed land, he says, people are “unclothed and in their right minds.” Coming from one who has sun-bathed in all languages, legally and illegally, Mr. Chase’s ob- servations carry weight, despite their reversal of the findings of purely hap- hazard investigations. To many who have bared their breasts not so much for sun ceremonials as for the pagan Joys of swimming neat and raw, the covert practice of stripping on a deso- late strand of beach or around the next bend in the creek has seemed closer to prison than smuggling oil leases. Mr. Chase has been persecuted for basking under open skies. He may thank his lucky suns that he has not been pinched bv a boor. ‘The sun heals. The sun ministers to random {lis of the human body. And the current fashion of sun-tan shades of face powder and sun suits and the seour| of ultra-violet ray machines silently attest to the therapeutics of the sun. The sitters and loungers in the sun, stirring only under .extreme provoca- tion, have deeper things in mind. “With floods of the yellow gold of the gor- geous, indolent, sinking sun, burning, cxpanding the air,” and the sweet air laving their bodies, their thoughts melt into a flow of vast content. Sun wor- ship, Mr. Chase declares, induces “a ruminative turn of mind, a sound belief in the important function of laziness in life, a hatred of the round, silly face of a clock.” In short, sun worship pro- motes virtue. Let not her who is mad walk in the sun. The problem in this era of religious liberty is how to worship the sun fully and openly, like Bernard Shaw, bearded above, betoweled below, on the sands in the south of Europe. It is tricky busi- ness. Discretion counseleth respect for the sensibilities of the unenlightened. Everywhere the law protects the rights of the clothing industries, carrying three-plece civilization to the ends of earth. But the law is founded’ on sanity, and citizens condemned by soft coal to & grimy sun and by tall build- ings to sunless apartments and offices are often quite mad where sunlight floods unimpeded. Baked and bronzed, they intrust their civil honor to a foot- high dune. It may be unlawful, but it is balm to sickly souls. China Is Threatened With Water Shortage From the Schenectady Gazette. China has been experimenting in rain making. Not in years has the weather situation been so grave in the Celestial Kingdom. Water famine, with all its attendant evils, has been terrorizing sec- tions of the country. . Man-eating beasts for the first time years prowl about within a 100-mile radius of Shanghai, attacking in broad daylight, which is contrary to their habits. ~ Se persons have been mauled and eaten. Vegetation has suf- fered from the long-continued drought. Although there is nothing new in the idea of manufacturing rain, and while & certain amount of success has at- tended such experiments in this and in other countries, the business has never reached wholesale ions. With the aid of the airplane, how- ever, future atiempts may be more uni- versally su . 'The Chinese ex- periment was not attempted without careful study and preparation. ‘The announcement that the essay would be made attracted widespread attentlon, the success of such an un- dertaking meaning much to those coun- tries, of which there are not a few, where rain is needed and the rainfall is scanty. ‘There are places where the rain rarely, if ever, falls, even in our own country. In the valley of the Colorado North America and on the coast of Peru in e. the Southern continent this is ‘The deserts of Gobl in Asia and the Sahara in Africa are notably dry. In tropical regions where trade winds blow constantly rain is almost unknown. On the other hand, in Norway, Ire- l:;aip'gle west of England, France, Spain rtugal rain is very frequent, and gxmhw:numdwmnmm e. H R s aue Bobby Jones Praised For Mental Virtues From the Memphis Commercial Appeal. Cham even in the matter of are more of the head d, the feet or make- foot ball et ] g his bags| Evening Star BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Have we had the pleasure of serving you through our Washington Informa- tion Bureau? Can't we be of some help to you in your problems? Our business is o furnish you with authoritative in- formation, and we invite you to ask us any question of fact in which you are interested. Send your inquiry to The Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton. D, C. Inclose 2 cents in cof or stamps for return postage. Q. Are automobiles ever used by tribes of the deserts?—E. D. A. The automobile has even found a lace among the camels of the sheiks. Some of the tribal chiefs journey from place to place by automobile, leaving their caparisoned camels to lead the ceremonious journey of the tribes. Q. How far apart are the bases on a base ball diamond? How far from the pitcher’s slab to the home plate?—C. T. A. A base ball diamond 90 feet on each side. The distance from the point of the home plate to tne pitcher's slab 15 60 feet 6 inches. Q. How fast does a person descend in a parachute?—P. W. A. The rate of descent depends some- what upon the size of the parachute. The average rate is about 900 feet a minute. Q. Who coined the expression, “Stop, look, listen”?—H. A. D. A. Col. J. C. Fuller, vice president and manager In charge of construction of the old Gettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad, now part of the Reading sys- 'm, 84 “In building the Gettysburg and Harrisburg Raliroad we were obliged to cross many public roads and were about to prepare a notice to put up at each crossing when my attention was called to & court decision in a suit brought for injury at a crossing. The judge made use of this language: That it is the duty of every one to ‘stop, look and listen’ before crossing a rail- road. I at once adopted the words ‘stop, look and listen,’ believing it a legal point in determining the responsi- bility of both the public and the rail- road. I distinctly remember the trip of Mr. McLeod, president, and Mr. Sweigard, general superintendent, over the road and our conversation regard- ing this sign. I have always felt that the use of the phrase originated with Yesterday marked the issuance from banks of {he new small bills, called money. These are a third smaller than the paper we have grown accustomed to handling, yet they buy just as much of any kind of merchandise. The Treasury has been considering the reduction in size of the paper cur- rency ever since 1910, but the war in- terfered with any such unnecessary undertaking, and even since the T the enormous amount of mechanical difficulty in making the change has caused years of delay. Today the Bu- reau of Engraving and Printing ready with 912,000,000 bills of the ulti- mate total of $5,000,000,000. It will be a decade or more before all the old the new, but the greater convenience of the smaller bills makes them very at- tractive, and the saving in cost of pro- duction amounts to some $1,500,000 a year. Besides, the new bills are printed on better and tougher paper, and the engraving is even finer than any pre- ceding. But all of that is mere me- chanical technique. What is money? The inordinate love of—not the thing itself—is the root of all evil. * K K K Most men of the present generation have almost forgotten (if they ever ex- erienced) the wild debates of the first grynn ‘campaign of 1893 and 1894 when all voters suddenly became “financiers,” ready to argue that, money being 2 “good thing,” the more we created, the wealthier we would be as a Nation. The free coinage of silver at the arbitrary ratio of 16 to 1 was to sink or"flo‘t the Ship of State. “Sixteen to one’ had | no relation to the comparative market { value of 16 ounces of silver or 1 ounce of gold, but it was to become a fixed ratio, by which a “dollar” could be stamped on 50 cents’ worth of silver, and become legal tender for all debts; that was “cheap money” and everybody who thought he should have more money was expected to favor such an obvious way to get it. Printing it on paper was even cheaper. * kX X Now, mp!rflcl‘nllsnlt’l;:]?t, wh.Y‘]; 12::’: the stamping of “One ar” on o)f‘eplpe.r nnlgy two-thirds as b‘f as last year's dollar the same sort of cheap- ening money as was Bryan's grnpmmon to take half a dollar’s worth of silver and lie about it by calling it a “dollar”? When one can answer that question, he can qualify as really knowing the first principles of finance. Yet millions of “financiers” through- out Europe and the world—even in- cluding the United States—are con- inced that stamping or printing oney” creates its wealth, and so in Russia (as was quoted recently from President Hoover) it became so plentiful that it took 4,000,000 rubles (face val- ue, $2,000,000) to egual $1 of American coinage. Tl:gelnswer to that gives the secret of all that creates value in morey—it is credit definitely measured. The sil: ver dollar today contains less than 50 cents’ worth o!s m‘;ul. I:ut. it h‘:ree{r; able for $1 gold anywl fhhgl nvgveorld, because the United States Government, in issuing it from the mint, has pledged Government credit, by law, in its guarantee to redeem it with a dollar’s worth of gold, and the credit of the United States today is be- ond question. Y 'x‘hz'1 silver dollar proposed by Mr. Bryan and other “free silverites” of the nineties was not to be redeemable in gold, but was to stand solely upon the bluff that it was a “dollar,” although there was to be “unlimited” free coin- age of 50 cents’ worth of silver at the rate of 16 ounces of silver to 1 of gold. ‘Anybody owning an ounce of gold worth $15 to $18 could buy 32 or more ounces of silver with it and compel the mint then to lie and stamp $32 on what they had presented. * ok K K So we have a demonstration today that it is not the size of the scrap of paper which makes the dollar, but the sanctity and reliability of the credit of the government which guarantees to redeem that scrap of paper in pure gold worth $1, or whatever value is stamped on the paper “money.” * ok % X There is nevertheless endless twaddle about making “stability” of money, and more or less dispute as to whether gold is stable or whether its value fluctuates u» and down, the same as any other commodity. What is really “up” and what “down”? ‘That sort of discussion is upon pre-Einstein ~theories of relativity of and motion. Nothing can be proved to be stable in the uni- verse. Its relation to everything else is *lhat s siabiliiy? sf as the unit of value mainly because it - l}n mecuncubé:'a :n!r{n bbery. ‘:i‘l eas| T ol P BEE gy T gold; currency is only mt so much gold, yet gold to- day will not buy the same quantities as ag;{ige money will have been exchanged for | me, feeling considerable pride when Mr. McLeod and Mr. Sweigard adopted it for the Reading lines.” Q. How did “plus fours” originate? —G. N. K. A. The Haberdasher says that golfers found regular knickerbockers a bit un- successful for golfing. Designers of men's apparel therefore drafted a pat- tern in which 4 inches were added to the insde seam of each leg of knickerbockers which had a standard length of 20 inches. This provided for the drop of the “plus fours.” Q. Why does gazing at the sun cause a person to sneeze?—H. E. J. A. This is because gazing in the sun stimulates certain nerves in the eyes and perhaps in the nose. . Which States provide for the sterilization of criminals?—N. M. A. The United States Public Health Service says: “With reference to the sexual sterilization of mental defectives, the information available to this office indicates that the following States have sterilization laws: Alabama, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Towa, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minne- sota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Wash- ington, West Virginia and Wisconsin. Q. Please give the remainder of | the stanza beginning, “Lo, the poor In- | dian!"—H. F. A. “Lo, the poor Indian! Whose un- | tutored mind Sees God in the clouds. Or hears Him in the wind.” This is tak- | en from “Essay on Man,” by Pope. Q. What are the Pillars of Hercules? —B. M A. The Pillars of Heroules are two hills on opposite sides of the Straits of Gibraltar, so called because of the myth that they had been torn asunder by Hercules to admit the flow of the ocean into the Mediterranean. Q. Were any of the crew saved when the ship with Lord Kitchener on board | was lost at sea?—C. A. M. ’ A. The cruiser Hampshire, on which | Lord Kitchener lost his life. was sunk | by a German mine off the West Orkney | 1slands. June 5, 1916. Only 12 sailors | survived. These were able to reach the | shore on a raft. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. orate. If the worker chooses to hold his wages for a time and then buy, he must find that they ean still buy what he reckoned to get when he earned them.” That may be sound fiction, but it is arrant nonsense as finance, for money— even “ideal money’—cannot guarantee prices of merchandise. Merchandise values go up or down according to sup- ly and demand, and manipulation, and ?orecast.s of weather and rumors of wars or famines or strikes. How can a work- man or anybody else “freeze” market is | prices by just hoarding wages until he sees fit to invest? * * % % ‘There are financiers who contend that gold is no more stable than other commodities. Prof. Irving Fisher of Yale—one of the most prominent econo- mists of America—argues against the stability of the value of gold, and he proposes to take a list of standard prod- ucts as the “index” of values and then have the Government change the amount of gold in a dollar, each month, as measured by the “index"—allowing a maximum fluctuation of 1 per cent a month. Every year would produce 12 kinds of gold dollars. What a Babel of Moneys! | Prof. Fisher, in his book, “Stabilizing the Dollar,” says: “I do not think that any sane man, whether he accepts the theory of money that I accept, will deny that the weight of gold in a dollar has a great deal to do with its purchasing power. More gold will buy more goods.” Certainly! ‘The fallacy of that argument lies in the fact that the gold dollar never re- ceived its value from its stamp, but the stamp merely testifies that the amount of gold it contains is to be called a dollar. If tomorrow the Fisher law counts more gold a dollar, the relation of an ounce of gold to & unit of index commodities has not changed one whit, but nomenclature has shifted—that's all. And Babel confusion has wrought havoc in finances, for no two dollars could understand each other. SR In a pamphlet by Mr. B. M. Ander- son, jr., economist of the Chase Na- tional Bank of New York, Prof. Fisher is answered as follows: “It is Prof. Fisher's contention that all changes in the general average in commodity prices are due to instability in the dollar. The business man thinks that when prices rise or fall it is the goods which are rising and falling, while the gold dollar remains stable. Prof. Fisher maintains that the general aver- age of goods remains stable, while the dollar rises or falls. He has likened this economic doctrine to the Coperni- can system of astronomy. The old Ptolemaic system of astronomy taught that the sun moved and the earth stood still. The Copernican system teaches that the apparent movement of the sun as we change from day to night is il- lusory and that it is the earth that is revolving.” * koK X That is an unfortunate reference to Copernicus, so far as it is expected to support Prof. Fisher, for Copernicus was one of the first three scientists to expose “cheap money.” Nicole Oresme, Bishop of Lisieux, Normandy, stated the fundamental law of money to Charles the Wise of France, and Nico- laus . Copernicus of Thorn, Prussia, the discoverer of the Copernican theory of astronomy, expounded the same law of currency to Sigismund the First of Poland, and Sir Thomas Gresham, an English merchant, explained it to Queen Elizabeth in what we recognize as the “Gresham law,” under which, when- ever there are two kinds of money in existence, the cheaper money will al- ways drive out the dearer money. So, if we adopt the Fisher dollar, in- creasing or decreasing its gold content by 1 per cent a month, to keep pace with war prices or a fluctuating market due to any cause, the better dollar 1 be sent into hiding, while debts will be paid by the cheaper dollar. Result, our gold will leak out of the country, until all that we have left will be our “fiat i money” which we will be unable to re- «deem in gold, for gold will have disap- -melted for its bullion value or exported for its greater purchasing pow- ! er abroad. | Sound money gets its soundness from the integrity behind it—not inflated flat false credit, but the honesty and truth of the statement of its basic cred- it. If the stamp says that a definite weight of gold of a definite assay is in the coin, then the same stanip must not say some other weight and assay are the same. To say that is to falsify. To falsify is to drive honest money into hiding, according to the Oresme-Co- pernicus-Gresham law. While this “Gresham law” was not recognized by moderns before Queen Elizabeth’s day, it was known even in ancient Greece, as it is expressed by Aristophanes, the famous comic poet, in his drama of “Frogs’ “Oftentimes have wa reflected on & ilar abuse In the choice of men for office, and of coins for common use; For your old and standard pieces, val- ued and a) and tried Here among the Grecian nations, and in all the world beside, Recognized in every realm for trusty stamp »nd pure assay, Are rejected und abandoned for the trash of yesterday; For vile, adulterate issue, drossy, coun= S L o city passes cur- rent in their place.”