Evening Star Newspaper, June 30, 1929, Page 30

'HE SUNDAY STAR. 'WASHINGTON, D. (. JUNE 30, 1929—PART The king accepted the rebuke and sperit | the night in the peasant’s home. €xt morning as he bade farewell thc king struck the peasant gently, sayig: “I knight him who struck me.” The peas- ant family of Pilipponi chus passed int) the ranks of the nobility and attained {great prominence in Calabria. ‘' he . n at present are’deriving all their fuel | 0il S!!'lke.s Arouse supply from the Kenadza mine in Mo- Section of Morocco | rocco, near the common frontier. This | | mine was discovered by a German in | Recent discoveries of ofl deposits in | the French foreign leglon during the the Gharb district of Morocco follow- | World War and lately considerable ex- | necessary to go either afoot or horse- back. The Waimea Canyon on the Island of Kauai, which has been com- | | pared in rugged and vivid beauty, 1f | not in size, to the Grand Canyon, is | Germany has put its first turbine lo- to be served by a paved road. | comotive into service between Nurem- First Turbine Engine Is Tested by Railroad Roads to Open Scenic Beauties of Hawaii Two of Hawaii's most spectaculs (Continued From First Page) |seem to M. Caillaux the highest ides scenic. sttsotions, Hitherio ® colpara prehended the simplest dropped from his lips. Yet when a Hunga to London a little o to give a course of lectures on Plato, one of the largest halls in the city had to be hired in order to hold the crowd of working men who wanted to hear them. And if M. Calllaux were to come to America he would find the large hall of the Cooper Union in New York filled sentence that n scholar went night after night during the season, | mostly with workers, who go to hear | lectures on the most scholarly subjects. The machine, with its mass production, would not appear to have seriously dam- aged the intellects of the workers who throng the hall of Cooper Urfion. Present and Past. One might infer that, in attacking what he regards as the imperfection of our time, M. Caillaux desired to com- pare our imperfect present with some perfect past the present and the past will be not one between perfection and imperiec- tion, but between two imperfections. M. Caillaux may prefer, others, periods belonging to the past; but speaking as one who knew, in hi youth, the nature of bntk-brfflki:'n(‘ foil and the many disabilities sustained | by labor, I hail the present day, with | its labor-saving machinery and mass production, as the greatest that has dawned in the annals of man. To determine that all men shall have enough to eat and wi and a com- | fortable house in which to live, may not | 20 years ago | Any comparison between | | effort of a charitable character was be- | as do some | ing exerted. | hospitals, in_organizations for the re- | lief of the destitute. in the great fra- |of which humanity is capable, and doubtless it is not: but I bslieve that |this ideal may be realized before any |other ideal -an be. We shall never have a morality wholly worthy of man- | kind before the most pressing needs of humanity have achieved their goal. Nor can we believe that it is possible | for a class in our day to remain m-m-i preseéenited sus while the mass remains viclous. We are fast learing to percieve that hu- manity must stand or fall together as a unit, and we welcome the machine and mass production, now that this truth has been made clear and our cuty imperative. Never a Nobler Period. It is foolish to assert that there is any lack of spirituality in our time There has never been a nobler period of Christian endeavor in history. We are building magnificent churches and veral cathedrals worthy to compare th the venerable ones of Europe, and | all built with voluntary contributions. | | Never was there a time when so much | We see this effort in the ternal societies which are found through- out our country. There was probably never a time when so many real Chris- tians were in evidence as now. “By their fruits shall ye know them.” It is true that America has become pre- dominant in the material sphere, but at bottom no other country is more spiritual. Byrd’s First Scason With Much Scientific Work to Credit (Continued From Fourth Page) quickly as possible and, as 42 men could | be kept out on the ice, these things were built much more rapidly than otherwise would have been the case. the meantime, whenever the weather permitted, the dog teams were sent five miles out on the barrier to where the Bolling had unloaded and the stores there were uncovered and brought back to Little America. This was one of the most back-breaking tasks of all, as a_tremendous amount of snow had to be shoveled, because of the storms, which had covered everything, and the cold wind, which froze hands and feet whenever the work was stopped for a moment. The trip home was frequently painful. This humdrum business of shoveling became a dogged struggle before it was ended. Men toiled, heaving snow over their shoulders hour after hour, until their parkas were covered with the white lime from their breath and their backs were aching. There could be no respile, however, because of the rapid approach of Winter and there were days when the work went on in a tem- perature of nearly 50 below zero and other days when a light drift stung faces as if with fire, so that noses and | cheeks were frost-bitten and turned white. It would have been a ¢\pssal | task anywhere and was doubly so in | the Antarctic. No other expedition | ever unloaded so great a quantity of | material, had to do so much buflding | | or kept so many men—conditions in- | that if the plane should be forced down, | there would be time to get back to the at Pole Active, separable from the use of large air- planes. The main flight next year will be to the South Pole and will probably be one of the first flights attempted, so base before the ships leave. Flying will begin about December 1, when the weather has settled and the tempera- ture has began to approach the Suia- mer average. The dog teams, however, which will lay bases to the southward as far as the Queen Maud Range on the edge of the polar plateau, will leave about October 15. A geological trip to the mountains of the Queen Maud Range will be made in connection with this Southern base- laying journey, a trip of the greatest scientific importance. These moun- tains have never been studied by a geologist, and what is found there may solve some of the problems of the origin of this continent. The polar flight over, other dog teams will go to the east to lay bases as far as possiblé, and flights of exploration will be made over the territory which seems to offer the most fruitful geographical field. As much new territory as possible will be mapped by aerial camera. and it is hoped to survey in this way the moun- tains at_the edge of the polar platea Comdr. Byrd hopes to bring back photo- graphic surveys which will show a good part of this section of Antarctica, some of which may reach to the pole itself. (Copyright. 1929.) Issue Taken With Gen. Dawes On Career Men in Diplomacy ‘The one branch of the Government service which demands more training, receilves comparatively less pay, and is certainly the least understood and ap- preciated of all the various branches is the foreign service. To enter the for- eign service a candidate must, after be- ing ted, pass a written examina- tion which covers economics, interna- tional law, international banking, eco- nomic geograpl ess law, world history and politics, and also an oral examination covering the same subjects | and any other facts with which the ex- aminers believe that the future officer | should be conversant. In other, wards, the foreign service officer is a thoroughly trained expert in banking, cemmeree, trade, politics and law. His work could not be administered by the average business man, for precisely the same reason that a plumber cannot repair a telephone, nor an engineer conduct an opera. I have pointed this out merely to combat the existing idea that the “ca- reer” man in modern diplomacy is a misfit. President Hoover's recent ap- pointment of former Vice President Dawes as Ambassador to Great Britain has created some feeling that the con- duct of our foreign affairs is going to be placed in the hands of big business men and taken away from trained dip- lomats. Two fundamentally incorrect notons of the foreign service and the | “trained diplomat” seem to exist today. | as they have existed for decades, in the | minds of the American people. A con- spicuous {llustration of this misconcep- tion can be seen in the remarks ad- dressed by former Vice President Dawes to the graduating class of a certain Midwestern university. Mr. Dawes crit- icized the “trained diplomat” on two | : First, because he is “out of with American interests, due to his long residence abroad, and, second. because he is unable, due to his purely “diplomatic” training, to cope with practical questions of finance, com- merce and trade. Now I don't know what Mr. Dawes means by ‘“out of touch” with affairs at home, and even if I did know I would fail to see the connection. The truth is that the dip- lomat residing abroad must keep “in touch” with certain affairs whichecon- cern the interests of the U. 5. A. in the | country to which he is accredited and must be “out of touch” with many purely local issues in American com- Mmunities which have no possible bear- ing on his duties. As for the second criticism, one is inclined to wonder if Mr. Dawes has| investigated the “purely diplomatic | training” for the foreign service. As I have tried to point out, the foreign service officer is a highly specialized expert on the particular subjects which 150 years of experience and the Con- gress of the United States have insisted are pertinent to the conduct of Ameri- can foreign relations. If any one has the least doubt about the merits of foreign service officers, let him read the | Rogers act of 1924, the various pam- phlets issued by the State Department, and lastly, as a final test, let him try to pass the foreign service examina- | tion. He will find out that it is not a Ppink tea party. But Mr. Dawes’ criticism is not the only one that is directed against the much-maligned foreign service; there are others, which, unfortunately, are made more often and by more people. Of all these, the most common, and the most fallacious, is what may be called the “pink tea,” “white spats” concep- tion of diplomacy. The average per- son seems to think that all an Ameri- can diplomat abroad has to do is to attend social functions. Unfortunately the diplomat does have to attend many such affairs, far more than he can af- ford. But the idea that the diplomat knocks off at 4 for tea is just silly— he is lucky if he can knock off at 7 for dinner. More than likely he will have to stay until 8 in order to send a cable to the department in Washington, or to finish a dispatch. One must not forget that his duties are numerous, his pay inadequate, and if he gets any thanks for his trouble he is lucky. People call at the embassy for every conceivable reason, from a question of law to a question about finding out the name of the artist who painted grand- father’s picture in 1847 when he was in Parls. The vast volume of American business abroad is keeping every em- bassy busy with technical, financial and make its regular reports to Washing- | coat of arms of that Filipponi bured at | Seminara in 1233 bears the hand and | tensions_were traced. ing close on strikes of large coal veins | porings in the Gharb region, one yields Of the two ol | ton. One secretary may report on the internal political situation, another on the financial situation, another on the military and naval situation, while yet another is kept busy answering ques- tions and getting errant Americans out of jail. This work is difficult, delicate and nerve-wracking. More than often the “pink tea” diplomat does not get home in time for dinner—working over- time in an embassy is the rule rather than the exception. And if the diplo- mat can possibly do so, he will wiggle out of as many invitations as possible, in order to spend a quiet evening at home with his family. But there is one and only one valid criticism of the American foreign serv- ice as it exists today; it is undemo- cratic. A poor man, and by that I mean one who has no regular private income, simply cannot afford to enter the foreign service, because the salary will not support him. The same salary might, and probably would, support the same man if he were working in Amer- ica for himself. Then he could en- tertain, or not entertain, as he might choose; but in the diplomatic service he has no choice, he must entertain, and it costs money. Our Government provides no entertainment fund, no “representa- tion” allowance; it provides only a small salary, and out of that the diplomat must support himself and family and entertain. And when he retires he does not receive a pension from the Govern- ment, as does a naval or Army officer. All he receives is a small sum which had previously been deducted from his own salary! His Government gives him nothing when he retires; he pays for his own pension—and just try to live on it! This is the one real criticism of the foreign service, and no one decries it more than the man in the service— unless it's his wife. It is a fact that today the majority of men in the diplo- matic branch of the foreign service have a private income in addition to their salaries. If the American people once got it into their heads that their own diplomatic service is a rich man’s game, they would reform it. It is a strange and curious fact—and one with a touch of irony—that the British foreign serv- ice is almost infinitely more democratic than the American. In Great Britain any one can aspire to the diplomatic service because the salary is adequate and “post” allowances are made by the government to cover éntertainment and other expenses which the individual must incur on behalf of his government, but which he would not, and could not, incur on his own behalfl. A Brit- ish Ambassador has approximately about $95,000 per year to draw upon, of which about half is salary and half “representation” allowance. An Amer- ican Ambassador gets $17,500 and no allowances. Our Government, in order to remedy the present situation, should triple all existing salaries in the foreign service and further provide for representation allowances for all posts in accordance with the existing class¢s in the foreign service. This should be an annual al- lowance, and at the end of the year any unused funds should automatically re- turn to the Government—as is done in England. An account of all sums spent from the “post allowance” should ac- company the annual report. This is the only way to put the foreign service on a sound, democratic, efficient basis. K. AILSHIE. Peasant S]ap§ lzm_—g And Becomes Knight| i A thirteenth century tomb in the | parish church of the little Calabrian mountain town of of Seminara ears a curlous coat of arms—a strang. Latin inscription, a hand and a Norman king. The parish priest told me how a Cala- brian family came to have this emben and be knighted. Ons veninz, raid the priest, a Norman aing wno nad been defeated in battle sought refuge in the home of a peasant named Filip- poni. The peasant offered him food and drink, but thc gloomy and clc- tracted warrior refused. Unaware of his guest's unhappiness or that he was a king, the peasant thought he spurned the food because it was humble. The offended peasant struck the king a biow in the face, saying: “When you ree a legal questions. In addition to all this extra official work, the embassy has to[you see & man man weeping, wi with uim. When , eat with him.” | are_germinating a movement for a |about 200 gallons a day and the other thorough geological survey. With its |a ton. Meager, to be sure, but when sudden promise of latent wealth, the | one remembers that the soil in numer- French protectorate is rbeginning to | ous piaces is oily and indicative of loom_up as easily able to supply & Gold and diamond mines are being| of France's | requirements T developed in Tanganyika, East Africa.' mineral products. the sovereign and below it .he words of the king who was slapped. in these | there is foundation for the vision of an Algeria’s railroads ' oil-producing Morocco. stores of petroleum deep underground, | tively inaccessible to the modern mo- | A dirt road hitherto has carried all toring tourist, will soon be available to | the traffic, but was not adequate, and any one. Haleakala—"“House of the |in bad wet weather sometimes was well famous extinct crater on the | nigh impassable. Both of these proj- Islands of Maui—is to bs opened up | ects have the encouragement of Fed- with a wide and well paved highway. | eral as well as territorial governments. Plans have been virtually completed | The F:deral Government will pay ap- | for this road, which will supplant the | proximately half of the cost of the | winding trail over which it ix now Haleakala highway. | berg and Munich. It is a queer-looking | device, as in place of the steam cylinders | at.the sides it carries a turbine of 2,500 horsepower on the running gear before the boler. ‘The tractile power is the same as that | of any ordinary engine, but the new | steed of the steel road is a bit lighter 'and consumes eonsiderably less fuel. bylvworlds est More non-skid mile- age by 20% than in any other tire selling at anywhere near its price—and in addi- tion, it’s the best looking tire you ever saw! Built by the world’s lar There Is a United Dealer in Your RUBUBEHR UNITED S TATES UNITED STATES gest Vicinity COoOMmM TIRES=ZCREDIT #1 producer of rubber States Tire PANY 9 1234 14th St. N.W. 2250 Sherman Ave. 624 Penna. Ave. S.E. 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