Evening Star Newspaper, June 30, 1929, Page 26

2 {THE EVENING .- STAR With Sunday !i Edition. | WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY...... . June 30, 1920 | Rate the City. ) . 48¢ per month % 80c per month .85¢ per month .Sc per ihe’end of month. in by mail or {elephone by Carrier Within ing Star.... Btal when 5 | tTne Sunday St Collection made at Orders may be sent NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 135910 Member of the Associated Press. [ o The Associated Preas ls exclysively er ! %0 the use for republication of ail j ews dis- tehes credited to it or mot otherwise cred- od in this the in thi per and al flclhm'u Seciol Grksaiches herein are S Teserved: ° New Immigration Quotas. The “natiomal origins” clause of the , Ammigration act, delayed in operation [ number of years, goes into effect to- gmorrow. There has been great agita- | tion over the national origins provi- | sion, perhaps out of proportion to the actual effect of the clause once it is in operation. Under the present law the total immigration permitted in a | single, year is 164,667. Under the na- tional origins clause the total immi- | gration permitted will be about 11,000 Qless, or 153,741. The big differences in im- |‘¥migration quotas come, however, in the | Sncrease granted Great Britain and the feuts in the quotas of Germany, the /scandinavian countries and Ireland. |"Under the law as it has been operating, {®e quotas were based on the “blood” h‘" this country computed in the census llof 1890. The national origins clause “takes. the blood basis back to the days {®f the formation of the Republic. The British quota has been 34,007. [ sromorrow it will be ‘boosted to 65,721. ghrmunm demand for immigra- |gion from Great Bitain is 110,000. Per- haps within a few years the increased | fuota will be able to care for all those |who desire to emigrate from England, Scotland and Wales to this country. |Germany, however, will suffer a severe 'icut in the quota of immigrants of |German blood allowed to enter this | wountry, and so will, Ireland, Norway, '{Sweden and Denmark, all countries from which many of America’s - most waluable citizens have come. The Ger- man quota has been 51,227. It will | be reduced to 26,957. -Sweden’s quota lmmo.snmdummwnwm be cut to 3,314. Ireland had a quota 'nt 28,567 and the new quota Wil be lpnly 17,853. | In the case of Ireland, however, the |lew quota does not work such imme- diste hardship as it might have been expected to do. Ireland did not send 3ts total quota under the law which (has been in' operation during the last ipear. Indeed, Ireland was about 7,000 'ghort of filling it§ quota for the year. | /The npational grigins clause was sus- | {pended several times. by act of Congress. \At first it was ‘suspended in order to |Bive mdre opportunity to work out the 'muotas with records of conditions of {the early days of the country difficult 'go obtain. Then' the opposition to the jehange became strong because of the juts in immigration &uotas granted Ger- fnany, Ircland and Scendinavia. The !plause was carried .into the political |eampaign of 1928. It raged in Congress. | President Hoover recommended the sus- ipension of the clduse. .Its opponents in [the Senate strove to suspend or repeal fhe clause. But the supporters of the {proposal were too strong. It stays in ithe law and now becomes effective. f#rhose who prefer the immigration quo- Sas based on the tensus of 1890, how- {ver, promise to renew their fight when Congress meets again and to fight on ntil they bring about repeal of the ational origins clause if they can. With three exceptions the immigra- fion quotas of the countries of Southern d Eastern Europe Will be increased. ¥rhe exceptions are Portugal, Rumania {and Czechoslovakia. Among those coun- | {tries whose quotas will be increased Bre Spain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Po- Jand, Russia and Jugoslavia. Italy's pld quota has been 3,845. Its new quota Wil be 5,802, for example. The contest over the national origins Elause has been waged in large part By racial groups in this country. Those groups which lose in -immigration by $he new quotas have, generally speaking, been opposed to “national origins.” ———t—————— | One of the penalties of imprisonment s the liability of an imprisoned person %o find that he has gone considerably 'off his golf game, Ideal institutions of nological philanthropy should not eglect to provide golf lnks. on _ improving the newly extended portion of Sixteenth street through to the District line and Maryland will complete, in September, a connection designed to draw traffic to Sixteenth street both from the Frederick Pike from the west and the Ellicott City route from the north and east. The National Capital Park and Plan- ning Commission, possibly with the ald of . the Maryland-Capital Park and Planning Commission, intends to pur- chase Jand for small parks at both of these entrances. In addition, there may be some architectural treatment permitting a gateway, cr arch, and some time ago the Natlonal Capital Park and Planhing Commission sought advice, fiom the different chapters of the American Institute of Architects on proper designs for these gateways. ‘The third project, the greatest of them all, will be the approaches to the Arlington Memorial Bridge—an under- taking on which the Federal Govern- ment is devoting much thought in order to mak2 it-perhaps the most impressive entrance to any city in the world. There are other gateways that should and will receive adequate treatment in time. The entrance to the city by way of Georgia avenue may assume less importance with the completion of the roadways leading into Sixteenth street. But one project now is for the improve- ment of Piney Branch road and its extension to a cut-off from the Baiti- more Pike that will eliminate, by an overpass, the Chestnut street grade- crossing. This would bring much of the Baltimore-Washington traffic into the city by way of Georgla avenue. Maryland is also working on an extension of Rhode Island avenue through to Hyattsville, eliminating the crossing there and making a more direct entrance for traffic over the Baltimore Pike. This portal will probably receive attention as one of the most important entrances to the Capital. The interest and co-operation of residents in the metropolitan district is an important factor in hastening the perfection of these entrances to Wash- ington from Maryland. R The College of Preachers. ‘The great universities of Christendom bad their origins as “colleges of preach- ers.” Paris, Oxford, Bologna and the medieval German . institution were substantially such in the beginning. The arts and sclences secured a place only as adjuncts to theology, which was con- sidered the only subject worthy of in- tellectual attention. In modern times theological studies have not been given 50 prominent a place. The great universities have, in large measure, discarded them. The preacher and theologian have been falling toward the status of outcasts in the world of learning while the once despised physician, attorney and natural scientist have become the princes of the realm. This is true particularly in the United States. But at the Washington Cathedral a type of institution new to this country is about to be opened. Already the bullding is nearly ' complete—a sub- stantial and beautiful structure— ready for dedication next November. And through the will of the late Alex- ander Cochran this new College of Preachers’ ‘receives an endowment of $1,000,000 or ‘approximately $50,000 & year. It is certain to become a notable center of advanced theological education in the United States, The: institution will not be a seminary, as the word is generally understood, but a place for special classes of ordained clergymen, not necessarily restricted to the Anglican faith, for advanced study of timely problems which arise in connection with their puipit and pastoral duties. Sim- ilar classes have been gathering at the Cathedral for several years. One has Jjust been concluded after listening to lectures on the relations of mind and body—a subject of the greatest im-| portance which has come to the fore since most of these men completed their formal education. Only a few days before there was an interdenominational gathering of church leaders to obtain each other’s viewpoints on the question of Christian unity. Clerical education no longer can be completed in a four-year seminary course. The man who rests contented on his accumulation of knowledge at the time of his ordination soon will find obsolete his methods of practice in the care and cure of human souls. The sum of human knowledge is increasing at an enormous rate. Much of the new knowledge has an intimate bearing on the functions of the church. Theology, in the broadest sense of the word, is not a dead science, but a rapidly ex- panding body of facts and theories, re- celving constant accretions from re- searches in other spheres of learning. et “Henry Ford llkes maturity in his business and does not care for the pos- sibilities of precocious genius. A mature man has had enough experience to be regarded as one of the reliably stand- | ardized parts of a good machine, . ——— [ Improving Our Gateways. | Every year brings changes in the Interior decoration of the Capital. Old gurniture, in the form of old buildings, s taken out and carted away to make Foom for larger and later designs. The JFederal Government is buying and putting in an entirely new suite along the Avenue, to replace one of the most interesting assortments of dilapidated mntiques anywhere to be found. Rooms, # one may thus desighate the different pections of the city, are undergoing & onstant process of evolution and some bf the drawing rooms and parlors of the old days have become the kitchens Bnd the pantries of the present. | Concurrent with this interior change increasing amount of -attention is ing given to improving our doorways. hese have long been neglected. Some them still give the visitor the im- ression of entering his Capital through back alley, necessitating a cautious Jnaneuver through an assortment of old Ppsh cans and trash barrels. Some of ghem have gone unmarked, except by \paiatial gasoline stations that bellow in paint and electric lights for attention grom the visiting tourist. Wisconsin ~ avenue $treet will probably be the first door- ays to the Capital to receive the and Bixteenth | —————— Perhaps the most useful achlevement of Lindbergh is his reminder, from fortunate personal experience, that ocean flying is still dangerous. e A Wise Decision. President Hoover again shows his good sense and sound judgment in put- ting his foot down on what seems to have been a superficial and half-baked ‘plan for the dissemination in the schools of questionably convincing lit- erature or propaganda in behalf of the prohibition law. Any such plan is fraught with danger. No matter how studiously or carefully prepared, the scheme would contain an amount of potential dynamite apt to cause dam- age far out of proportion to the good that concelvably could be accomplished. And samples of the literature that has been suppressed furnish no great evi- dence either of care or study in prepa- ration, ‘Thé Prohibition Bureau has a fund of $50,000 for the dissemination of in- formation relating to the prohibition law. This money can be well spent. ‘Thousands of individuals and organiza- tions will want to know the progress of | the Nation's experiment in enforcing prohibition, and the facts should bear the Government’s hall-mark of accu- THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. i, JUNE 30, 1929—PART 2.~ No sincere friend of prohibition wishes the success of the movement jeopardized by cutting ridicule. And once the Fed: eral Government enters the lists as & crusader in shining armor, from its role of a faithful and efficient servant obeying orders, the Govern- ment faces all the darts snd shafts that have been unhorsing . crusaders since time began. Sponsorship of Appointments; It is now quite apparent that ladies and gentlemen who recommend persons to President Hoover for high Federal office will do well to watch their step. There is far more than meets the eye in the formidable lists of backers, which the White House has just given out, along vith the news that Messrs. Stone, Willlams and Denman have been nominated for the new Federal Farm Board. There is method in his madness. It denotes that the Presi- dent intends henceforward to have a man's (or a woman's) persistent friends share responsibility for his (or her) performance in office, in case the de- sired post is bestowed. Mr. Hoover’s innovation in disclosing the names of persons who urge him to make appointments has little against it, and everything for it. It will lead peo- ple to pe careful with their commenda- tions. No one knows better than the avernge Washingtonian how the “in- dorsement” business is exploited and abused. The common practice is to lend support to almost anybody who comes along, even if the aspirant be personally unknown to the one whose indorsement is desired. Hardly less common is the habit of indorsing two or more persons for the same job. The whole thing is casual. It conduces to render indorsements semi-worthless, It cannot be doubted that the net result in many cases is inferior appointments. President Hoover has decided to con- vert recommendations of appointments to high Government positions into matters of public record. His plan should do good. The Federal service ought to benefit. The average citizen is provided with an unanswerable alibi for withholding his support from any candidate for appointive office for whom he cannot unqualifiedly vouch. Mr. Hoover has introduced the coun- try to a new brand of pitiless, but prof- itable, publicity. — et When she gets through with her career as star tennis player Helen Wills intends to devote herself seriously to art. It will delight picture connoisseurs if she can prove as good a performer with the brush as she is with the racket. ———r———————— The boy King of Rumania has been made president of the state jockey club. He will hardly be expected to imitate the fearless horsemanship that dis- tinguished the early career of the Prince of Wales. Dawes is ranked as a great diplomat, but his task is slight compared to that of Mr, Slemp when he persuades a Virgigia Democrat to go to the polls hand in hand with a Republican. Service to humanity is not always publicly rewarded. A crossing police- man would be loaded down with deco- rations if he received-a medal for-every life he saves. —————————————— France has a compelling fascination which makes all her affairs matters of interest. Even her debts ‘assert themselves prominently in historic at- tention. — e Trotsky wrote voluminously but never evolved a “best seller” which might, to- day, relieve his personal necessities. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Hot-Weather Humllity. “Madam, may I remove my coat, And possibly my vest?” A man all chivalrous we quote In Summertime unrest. “The garments which you have removed Your lines of grace enhance; My impulse would be disapproved, ‘To take a similar chance.” ‘The male in modesty we note, Extending his request— “Madam, may I take off my coat, And possibly my vest?” Veracities. “Are you going to fish during your Summer vacation?” “Certainly,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “Will you tell the public what luck you have?” “No. The public may believe a man when he talks politics. But no one is expected to Welieve him when he talks fish.” Jud Tunkins says the more he hears about “farm relief,” the less faith he has in patent medicine ads. Yours and Mine. ‘The vices of my fellow men Make me exceeding sad. I have some vices, now and then— But they don't seem 50 bad. Developing a Comedian. “How did your boy Josh get on in college?” “Fine!” answered Farmer Corntossel. “The professor told him to be a snob. His effort that way is so comical that maybe it will make him positively popular.” Unadornment. “You refuse to buy your daughter any more clothes?” “I do. I want her to win & beauty Ultininte Responsibility. “Does your wife drive from the back seat?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “But when the bicycle cop comes alongside, I'm the one that gets arrested.” “Philanthropy,” said HI Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “has not yet learned a way to be 'as generous toward human folly as it is toward physical weakness.” Playing the Game. The game of politics may end In just a woeful wreck, freatment planned eventuslly for all ®f them. Maryland and the District ve nearly completed the joint opera- f§ion of widening and improving Wis- mmm avenue from the District line in h directions. Work "W!""‘" racy and freedom from bids. They should be available in a form that will permit the individual to do his own rea- soning, basing his reasoning on state- ments that are above partisan criticism, If you should mark the cards, O friend, Or try to stack the deck! < “Tell de truth” sald Uncle Eben, “but. befo’ you starts tellin’, take time wmlmum'm.mfumn," “A GOOD REPORT” BY -THE-RIGHT. REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of ‘Text: Hebrews, 11.39—"“And these all pbtained a good report through faith.” ‘The security of the Nation resides in the kind of men it turns out. We stand once again uj the threshold of the lversary of our great-Independence Idly. It is a time that compels us to consider the backgrounds as well as the or of our life as a people. A distinguished English journalist said recently concerning us that we had “leaped at a bound into the place. of world leadership.” He went on to say that the suddenness of this attainment had found us unprepared, in a sense, and that we were still insular., He main- tained that the ideals of America were unchallenged and that doubtless we would grow into the full stature of a leader among the nations of the world. Leadership is not determined, nor is it guaranteed, by our material pros- rity; again’ our physical resources, own and unknown,sgive no perma- nence to it. Emerson was right when he declared that the greatness of a nation consists in the kind of men it produces. ‘The text quoted above is from one of the glowing chapters of the New Tes- tament. It is a chapter that records the extraordinary deeds of men .and women . who.rose to places of power and influence and “obtained a good report through faith.” They triumphed over seemingly insuperable difficulties, ac- compl what appeared impossible and left upon their age a mark of en- worth. It was their vision, their caj ity to see what others could not see, to do what others dared not do, that gave them distingtion and power. ‘We are not of those who believe with Nordau in the degeneration of the race. Henry Drummond’s “Ascent of Man' is more appealing than Darwin’s “Descent of Man.” Each recurring age has its group, frequentiy small, that constitutes in itself the preserving ele- ment. In every instance those who be- long to this group, by reason of their faith in God and man, are possessed of a genius that makes them leaders of their gerferation. The beginnings of our national history were signally marked by such men. Possibly no nation has witnessed the emergence of more men of outstanding gifts and qualities than ours. That they were men of faith is demonstrably true. On such an anniversary as the ap- Washington proaching one, we remember with deep affection the names of Washington and Jefferson, Marshall and Madison, Ham- ilton and the Adamses. They rise out of the past like giants, raised up of God to give direction, power and security to the young republic. We may not forget in this day of prosperity the faith that gave to these leaders courage and vision. In the recurring epochal periods of our life there have arisen men of ex i- nary ability who in themselves have constituted the guides and. leaders of the republic, enabling it to survive critical situations and to move on its way to its great objective, and in every instance their good report has been be- cause of an unchallenged faith. As we survey our present situation, in spite of all the changes in custom and convention we are witnessing, we cannot be pessimistic. When “the tumult and the shouting die,” we are still econscious of the fact that beneath 2ll the glamour and show of the age resides a deep and unchanging religious conviction. The form of its expression may change, but the sense of an abiding trust and dependence upon God remains fixed and secure. Nothing could be more menacing to our life as a people than the loss of those supreme gifts and qualities that have marked the leadership of the truly great in other periods of - history. = That we have grown opulent and powerful, and that our pre-eminence is widely recognized lays upon us weighty responsibilities. At such a time as the present we need to be admonished by the ancient word, ‘Where there is no vision the people perish.” The good report we seek must come to us because we maintain un- failingly the high things of our moral worth and character. He would be a daring prophet who would venture to forecast what is to be the future place of America among the nations of the world. On the other hand, it is safe to affirm _ that her place of increasing power and usefulness will be deter- mined solely by the readiness of her people to recognize the divine clement in ‘her life and destiny. If spiritual idealism was the marked and outstand- ing characteristic of the nation at its birth and in repeated crises, it must centinue to be its most conspicuous and dominating impulse in this new age of larger opportumc;z BY WILLIAM HARD. Now that the finance committee of the Senate has got fairly well into the midst of its labors on the tariff bill, the following things seem at this week end to be reasonably apparent: The report of the finance committee to the Senate will recommend a range of duties not appreciably higher, on the whole, than the range of duties con- tained in the bill as passed by the House of Representatives. In some of the 15 schedules—as, for instance, in the schedule- on “earths, earthenware and glassware,” handled by the subcommittee of which Senator Edge of New Jersey is the chairman— the duties recommended to the Senate may even average but a few points lower than the duties enacted by the use. The P “tariff rald” by the Senate, if such a prospect ever existed, has virtually dis- appeared. Scant Interest Shown. ‘The country's greatest industrial in- terests are for the most part showing only a scant and slight concern for increased duties on the bulk of their products. Some of these interests have established subsidiary plants abroad. ‘Where they operate with modern Ameri- can fachine methods and low foreign wages they are on their way to be- coming importers of their own foreign r»d‘ into the Americdan home market. n such instances therefore they begin to favor low American tariff dutles, in- stead of high. They are delighted ac- cordingly to stand back and watch the senatorial “progressives” struggling to establish a generally lower tariff level. Our so-called “international bankers™ have repeatedly declared for low-level tariff systems throughout the world. Our manufacturers who have invested in plants abroad are now beginning o fall into the same column. In that column, so far as duties on industrial products are concerned, they happily find themselves helped by the senatorial " ssives.” The two forces tending at this moment to prevent the present tariff bill in the Senate from going to excessive extremes in its duties on in- dustrial products are as follows: of some of our highest banking and manufacturnig elements and their con- sequent growing indifference and even hostility to the high tariff idea. (b) The zeal of the ‘“progressives” for the farmer and the consumer and “the common people.” The ultimate outcome of this alliance might be, for instance, that our farm- ers would get their burlap bags—for the sacking of their crops—at & low duty, or at no duty, from British India, where with coolie labor that bagging 1t is noteworthy that the present tariff bill, in paragraphs 1018 and 1019, con- tains no increase of duty on “bags or “bagging composed of jute.” derlying reason is the resistance of- fered to Increased duties on industrial roducts by the “progressives”’ plus the ?ol]uvllnl fact as reported by the United States Tariff Commission: Jute From India. “Imported jute bagging comes prin- cipnllyw(rum British India. The in- crease in imports of jute bagging since 1918 is explained by the fact that domestic American manufacturers have opened mills in India and they export bagging from India to the United States, The bagging from the India mills of American_firms sells. in the United States for the same price as the hfll‘glng produced in their American mills.” It is manifest that a combination be- tween our most expansive .manufacs turers and our most ardent ‘progres- sives” for the benefit of the American farmer and for the benefit of foreign goods made with American capital and Oriental labor may have ultimate re- sults of a fundamental character in our national economic life. t this combination, however, in the hearings before the subcommittees | of the finance committee of the Senate on the present tariff bill, there have been two active forces. One is the smallish and so-called “in- dependent” manufacturer, who does not belong to the so-called “trust” in his industry and who is earnestly beseech- ing the Senate finance committee to save his “little plant” from getting ex- tinguished by foreign competition. His voice has been loud before the finance committee while the voice of the so- called “trusts” has been, on the whole, low and weak and indecisive and divided. The other force for higher industrial duties has been the organization called “America's Wage Earners’ Protective Conference.” i 1t is composed of some 20 important and influential trade unions. It is financially au&pomfl_by these unions through a system of monthly dues. It is headed by Matthew Woll, president of the Photo-Engravers' Union, presi- dent of the board of governors of the Allied Printing Trades Assoclation and vice president of the American Federa- tion of Labor. Its executive secretary is M. J. Flynn, an experienced manager of legislative efforts by organized wage earners. Under Mr. Flynn's management ‘enx wage-earning wiinesses fore the subcommittecs of th finance committee, present- ing the pleas of organized American labor for higher duties on certain s numerous industrial products. 'y have been able in many cases 1o point to lowered wages and increased prospect of a vast extended | (a) The growing internationalization | is woven by American manufacturers. | sacks made from jute yarns” or on | The un- Tariff Extremes Held Unlikely In View of Industrial Needs | unemployment in their trades in conse- | quence of importations of foreign in- | dustrial goods. They are thrown into a | position of advancing antagonism to |their old friend, Senator Borah of |Idaho, and to the other Northwestern “progressives” who have been demand- ing higher duties for the farmer alone. | These “laborites” deeply and bitterly |resent the ‘“progressive” proposition that at this time there shall be tariff relief for the “bankrupt farmer,” but no tariff relief for the “unemployed wage earner.” Their feelings were re- cently expressed in a vehement telegram dispatched by Mr. Woll, as president of “America's Wage Earners’ Protective Conference,” to President Hoover. Mr. Woll said: S “By solely raising the tariff on farm products the interests of the wage earners would be wholly neglected. We regard Senator Borah's resolution as be- ing of the most vicious class character and designed to ald the importers of the products of foreign workers. Prole- tarian farm control in America is no more desirable than proletarian indus- trial control in Soviet Russia, and we are opposed to both, Senator Borah notwithstanding.” ‘Thus the present tariff bill is pro- ducing a deep Tift between the farmer half and the wage earner half of the national “progressive” movement, which Senator Robert Marion La Follette, sr., | brought together to support his presi. dential candidacy in 1924. It is per. fectly inevitable that if the senatori: “progressives” should vote against all increases of duties for all industrial products, they would permanently dis- rupt the “progressive” movement and would bring it to a total collapse as a national political possibility. It is fair- ly safe to calculate that they, there- fore, in the end will do a little com- promising. It seems likely at this moment ac- cordingly that the Senate, under the in- fluence of all the contradictory forces here described, will ultimately pass a bill which will not be the highest in history, but which will contain plenty of duties protecting the workingman at the expense of the farmer, and plenty of duties protecting the farmer at the expense of the workingman, and which will thus give the Democrats plenty— and a lot more—to talk about during ensuing campaigns. (Copyright, 1920.) ——or—s. New High Mark Foreseen In U. S. Auto Production BY HARDEN COLFAX. Automobile production is making & bid for new high records this year, stim- ulated not only by continued strong de- mand in the United States, but by evi- dence that foreign use of motor vehicles s distinctly on the upgrade. A high authority in the automotive world assumed the role of a prophet last week and foresaw total exports of Amer- ican-made machines this year to a value of $700,000,000, an increase of some $200,000,000 above the figures which caused gasps of astonishment by those outside the industry and smiles of satis- faction by those within it when the total for 1928 was compiled. Exports for the first five months this year exceeded by 65,000 cars those for that period last year. Here in this country where there is an automobile for every five inhabitants there has been much talk of the “satu- ration point” for several years, yet vol- ume of sales stays up and the field ap- pears to be getting stabilized. Statistics indicate that 55 per cent of total world production ‘last year was required for replacements, contrasted with 50 per cent for this purpose in 1927. Whereas 915 per cent of the passen- ger cars and 26 per cent of the motor trucks produced in the United States last year were exported, according to figures announced last week by the De- partment of Commerce, there is strong reason to believe the proportion will be higher during the present calendar year. The whole world is getting motor- minded. It is probable that registration figures as of June 30 will disclose 25,000,000 motor vehicle licenses for operation on the streets and highways and byways of the United States. Last January 1 there were 24,519,000 motor vehicles registered in this coun- try. In all the countries of the world there were 32,028,000 cars on that date. In other words, outside the United States there were only 7,500,000 auto- mobiles; so, as this country has some- thing less than 125,000,000 of the esti- | mated 1,900,000,000 world population, there is ample opportunity for the mo- tor industry to expand if it can find peoples sufficiently prosperous to pay the increasingly modest prices for what in this‘country is & necessity. Even our neighbor-to the north, Canada, has only 1 car for each 10 inhabitants. Ethiopia, still quoting official estimates, has 1 car to about 91,000 persons in that country. On January 1, 1926, werld automobile figures showed 24,473,000 cars, a total below present-day United States reg tration; a year-later it had increasec to 27,650,000; at the outset of 1928 it was 29,687,000, statistics compiled by the automotive division of the Bureau olf Forelgn and Domestic Commerce dis- close. American shipments of automobiles to foreign markets aregleaping forward in spite of xumcunme high tariffs and Capital Sidelights BY WILE P.'KENNEDY. ‘The approach of Independence day makes timely the reminder that our National hymn, “Americs,” or “My Country, "Tis of Thee,” was first sung on July 4, 1832, by Sunday school chil- dren at a patriotic festival in old Park | Street Church, Boston. It was written by Rev. Samuel Fran- cis Smith, who for more than half a century lived at Newton Center, near Boston, and to whom Oliver Wendell Holmes referred in one of his most famous poems, “The Boys of '29,” as “—— A fellow of excellent pith; Fate tried to conceal him by naming him Smith.” Dr Smith’s own story of how he composed this hymn is one of the many rewards that come to a browser in the Library of Congress. Lowell Mason, a noted composer of music, submitted to Dr. Smith a number of German singing books for his advice regarding their appropriateness for use in the public schools of Massachusetts. “Turning over the leaves of one of | these music books,” Dr. Smith nar- rated, “I found one song of & patri- otic nature set to the tune which England claims as hers because she has s0. long sung-it to the world—'God Save the Queen,’ but which the Danes claim as theirs and which the Germans claim as original with them, and of the real origin of which I believe none certain. The music impressed me by its simplicity and easy movement. I was at once moved to write a patri- otic hymn of my own, which American children could sing to the same tune. This I did on a scrap of waste paper, gnhhlnl it within probably half an our. “That was in February, 1832. I gave the hymn to Mr. Mason with others— some translations, others my own com- position—and thought no more about it. The following Fourth of July I hap- pened into Park Street Church, in n, where Sunday school children were enjoying a patriotic festival. It was at this children’s Fourth of July celebration that ‘America’ was first sung, the words of which I had written & few months before. Since then I have heard it sung ail over the world.” * K K ok The 150th anniversary of the birth of the Stars and Stripes was taken by Representative Underhill of Massa- chusetts, who is one of the workers for the ml&flnmnt develop~- ment of the Capital City, to arouse in- terest in the parent of our resent flag — The Continental great nion flag, our first truly American flag. Representative Underhill also im- presses upon us that home town, Somerville, Mass., claims to be the place where the great Union flag of the United American Colonies “first waved deflance to a foe.” This, he says, has been perpetuated in the design of the corporate seal of the City of Somer- ville, designed in 1871. This historical fact is also featured, he points out, in the design of a new used by the Somerville Public ary. In 1903 the patriotic citizens of Somer- ville, hout financial aid from the Pederal or State governments, erected a unique memorial tower on Prospec Hill to commemorate this historic event of Nation-wide importance. A graclous tribute is by Mr. ‘lllnderhé’ll d':d -mieuow 'gmby an m:hex; e conclu speec] saying, “ am indebted to a constituent of mine, Thomas E. Kissling, of 76 Prospect street, Somerville, for much of the data contained in this address, and I wish to express my appreciation of his help- ful service.” * k% Although it is 117 years since the War of 1812 there are still 10 widows of soldiers and a helpless and dependent daughter .who are still drawing cg:n.t- sions from Uncle Sam’s gratitude A Three other widows died within the last six months. Among the surviving widows of the War of 1812 is Emma Mann, Green- h, Mass, W busband was Thomas Mann, a private in Elen's and Hastings’ ‘companies of the Massachu- setts Militia. Another is Marion A. Clark, Towa City, Towa, whose husband was John R. Clark, a private, in McClellan's Com- pany, Massachusetts Militia. ‘The other surviving widows are: Armina I. Anderson, Cedar Grove, Ga.—husband, Robert Anderson, fifer, Nabors’ - Company, South Carolina Militia; Emma Arnout, Rural Route 65, Ashville, N. Y.— husband, Samuel Arnout, private, Parker's Company, New York Militia; Mary Coleman, te léo |clludevflle. usband, ) pany, Virginia Graham, Brushy Ru Isaac Graham, musician, Bodkin's Com- pany, Virginia Militia; Mary Isgrigg, 588 Delta avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio— husband, Daniel Isgrigg, private, Cul- lum’s Company, Ohio Militia; Caroline King, East Aurora, N. Y.—husband Darjus King, private, Stevens’ Company, New York Militia; Catherine Sandidge, Alto, Va.—husband, Anderson Sandidge, first lieutenant, 's Company, Virginia Militia, and Mary A. Williams, 2641 Janney street, Philadelphia, Pa.— husband, John M. Williams, private, Moore’s Company, Maryland Militia. The dependent ghter is Esther Ann Hill Morgan, Independence, Oreg. * Kk % ¥ Of the approximately 500,000 persons in the United States drawing war pen- slons from the Federal Treasury, Ohio heads the list of States with 43,740 on the rolls. Of the 16,000 annuitants on the Civil Service retirement rolls, 2,484 are in the District of Columbia. ‘The oldest annuitant on the roll is 108 years old. As shown by his own declaration and by the records of the Pension Bureau, he was born on Christ- mas day, 1820. Another annuitant is 103 years old, a third 101, and there | are more than 50 between 90 and 100 and 1,250 between 80 and 90. The youngest is only 33 years of age. —eeeeeee other barriers attempted by several of the governments, which rather naturally | desire to develop their own industry in that fleld, and also in the face of the fact that several of the great United States producers have found it economi- cally advantageous to erect manufac- tul;ldn' plants abroad to serve the foreign field. The “time-payment” plan by which some 75 per cent of the automobiles are sold in this country is being used by the pushing American exporters to stimulate purchase of their products abroad. At least three of the most powerful American producers have or- ganized foreign finance companies to take care of automobile paper along the lines by which they control finance corporations in the home-market, In Europe installment sales are ancient, but their adaptation to such products as automobiles is an innovation; the same system, however, been extended to South America by Yankee salesmanship, backed by dollars. automobile manufacturing coun- tries failed to show higher output last year than in 1927—England, Spain and Denmark—the Department of - merce reported last week. The United States and Canada, considered together usually because so many Canadian plants are branches of American com- panies, - produced 4,601,000 r cars, trucks and busses last year, the larges! of 1,101,000 over 1927, but only 95,000 over 1926 and only 173,000 over 1925. British production declined from 231,- 000 in 1927 to 211,000. Spain and Den- mark produce few cars, but even the small number fell off last year. The largest percentages of production gains, to again 1uou the department, were Hungary with 64 per cent, Russia with 55 per cent and Japan with 54, “while the greatest increase in number among foreign countries was made France with & gain of 20,000 vehicles, followed by Germany with about 12,000 and Czechoslovakia with about 3,000." (Copyright, 1929.) it number on record, an increase | o CHILD PRODIGIES BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. writes: “My grandfather died ® ¢ * when I was 6 years old. * * * During his last illness-he would have'me read to him the first chapter of the Gospel of John, * * * I could do very well until I came to the word hended.’ " That a_ 6-year-old child should be able intelligently to read the Gospel ccording to St. John is regarded by most people as a mark of unusual pre- cocity, and, to be sure, it is. Mr. Coolidge’s statement has stimulated anew the ever fascinating subject of child precocity. While it is far from being & -unique attribute, it is most certainly rare when the whole number of mankind is taken into consideration. Men are created so unequal that it is impossible to lay down any rules con- cerning development and, what is more baffiing, it is difficult to discover reasons why one child should be precoeious and another dull. The Journal of Heredity is a publication. which studies these matters in all departments of life— humi animal and vegetable—end yet it can find but the most general rules and evary one of these subject to the most violent exceptions. It has found, for example, that a big nose is indica- tive of great brain power—but not in- variably so. It is an every day belief that the man with the strong. jutting chin is what the Westerri novelists call a he-man, while the chap with a re- treating almost vlnllhln‘ chin is a sissy. Both rules are subject to the most annihilating exceptions. One stmply cannot tell. Lord Macaulay was & bright boy. At the age of 4 he was at a tea party. One of the guests upset a cup of hot tea on the youngster, who was toddling about among the people’s knees. The guest, a kindly lady, was much concerned and kept_returning to_young Macaulay to ask him if it still hurt. In a few min- utes he replied: “Madam, the agony has abated.” Flame Often Dies Out. ‘But here is the catch these mat- ters. Lord Macaulay kept on being precocious. He had a bitter fight against poverty, but won to & high place in literature, to a high place in politics and jurisprudence, and eventually was raised to the peerage. On the other hand, the precocious child should not ordinarily be looked upon wn\:‘l:n:lth- ‘compre- not continue their devel is a sudden flare of brilliance at the beginning, but it dies out like a fire- whereas the slow beginners. to continue their up- re is an old nyfin{ among people ‘that “one sees a greal mny‘bn‘hb children, but not so many bright grown-ups.” It seems the flame burns out soon when it burrs too more usual in cracker, seem more likel ward path. apparently any other unless the pf is a primitive instinct and that the child musical is not displaying real mental precocity at all, but actually is a more primitive creature than his playmates. We have learned to regard frett musicians as rather more prim- tive so far as emotions are concerned utting on an one evening. He g-a a'dhmsum audience. In the midst of the performance his Italian prima donna was seized with a fit. of temperament and refused to sing her part. She forgot that she was opposing another musical temperament. Handel, a powerful man, seized the petite siager and held her out of a window sevsral stories high. He declared he would drop her to e street below unless she agfeed to sing. Sne agresd. Mozart played at the age of 3 years, and at 4 was a composer. Schubert played several instruments including the difficult violin at 5, started at a conservatory of music at 6, at 7 had outstripped his teachers, and by 13 had 32 pages of composition to his credit. Mendelssohn gave his first public pec- formaice which was a musical success as such and not merely a show-off of a child prodigy, at the age of 9 years During the year he was 11 he composed 60 pieces of music. When he was 12 h> composed 5 full symphonies. Heredity Plays Part. | ‘The question of heredity influence is difficult to determine, although in the matter of musicians it seems stronger. | Although Beethoven's grandfather, a musician, died when the lad was only 4 years old, the great composer always remembered him and said that his life had been influenced by the old music master. His own father was not a musician. Beethoven began his sfudies at the age of 5 years. Sir Arthur Sullivan’s father was a bandmaster in the army and at the age of 10 years young Arthur could play every instrument in his father's band. The parents of other composers were musical. In other lines there seems to be no hereditary connection. Child prodigies seem to come, as the old poem has it. “out of the nowhere into the here.” | However, it is known that generations may pass and the talent of a for- bear reappear in a child after having lain dormant for a century or more. Edward Roche Hardy is a child prod- igy who has been attracting much at- tention for some years. A New York baby, he matriculated at New York University at the age of 5. At that age he spoke four languages and knew arithmetic. At 10 he passed the Har- vard entrance examinations. He en- tered Columbia University at 12, know- ing at that time a dozen languages. By the time he was 15 he knew 15 lan- guages. At 14 he had won the Phi Beta Kappa key which is given only to those of unusual scholastic attain- ments. He received the degree of bachelor of arts at 15 and a master's degree at 16. Young Hardy is apparently a mnor- mal, healthy boy. He likes out-of-door sports and has never scorned children’s games. ' An oddity of his earlier years is that he had great difficuity in solv- ing even children’s puzzles. ‘There is much to be said for heredity and environment in his case. His mother. holds three university des and his father is a member yof the faculty of a university, He was taught very large- ly at home. There is much evidence to indicate that home-taught children rapidly. Out of many cases investigated, it is shown that children taught at home for the first few years of school age are able to enter classes two or three years ahead of their cotemporaries who have attended re!;‘ ular classes. Quite a few children these times see the inside of a school room for the first time upon entering high school or college. The elementary work is done at home. Fifty Years Ago In The Star A silent quarrel between two neigh- bors ot:lmlllflwknfllndwwn 50 Hot-Weather oars ek e%‘l! ot- following umulgtfl o i 2 torial in Diversion. june 24, 1879: R “It is_re in these dnyls': wm%l interest centers in such’ trivial affairs as the performances estrians in far-away London topics, to note that there is that rises su] to the ties of t?l "‘.lme tm"nll &ufl:- tention to subjects worthier o o sideration. The happy hamlet in ques- tion is situated in State of Connecticut, where, at_this delicious season, if con history is to be relied on, ly d&ufl and the honest ecep! consumption, while the S sighs softly thm?h the trees sha the factory where fair and comely maid- ens put up in neat cans the famous shoepeg oats. Undoubtedly it 1s = pas- toral scene which the sylvan village of Ansonia_presents in these rare days of June. But we should have spoken in the past tense, for Ansonia is ‘pastoral no more—she is agitated to the core. “The gigantic subject which absorbs her mind takes mlg.mbe‘o( lnci:mv:::- tion now progress! ore 8 - !:e representing the First Congrega- tional Church. The question at issue is a grave one and no lesser personages than a Mr. Bartlett, treasurer of the savings bank, and a more undistinguish- ed Mr. Durand are the active principals. It seems that Mr. Bartlett had a cherry tree which overhung the property of Mr. Durand. The latter was the proud possessor of & grapevine which claimed was shielded from the sun by Mr. Bartlett's tree. Mr. Durand penned 2 formal letter calling Mr. Bartlett's at- tention to the revolting outrage, but the reciplent ignored the complaining mis- sive. When Mr. Durand decided that his grapevine had languished in the shade quite long enough, he arose in his might and performed a surgical operation with a saw uj the offending tree, whereat Mr. Bartlett demonstrated that whatever lack of taste he might have for correspondence, nature had endowed him with a fine appreciation of placards. He arranged the amputated limbs on the fence and surmounted them with wooden signs bearing the legends, ‘A Neighborly Act,’ and ‘The Golden Rule Illustrated. “At this juncture Ansonia formed in procession, and, passing by on the other side, read the freshly painted signs with a relish such as only those who have nothing at stake can enjoy. From being interested became excited when the pastor was inducted into the im- broglio and the local press concentrated its Herculean mind on the subject. When the committee of church members was appointed to pass upon the merits of the case the community performed gyrations of delight, and at this mo- ment, figuratively speaking. all Ansonia is turning mental handsprings. “The outcome of this interesting dif- ficulty may be bloodshed. though we trust not. At all events, there will b2 fewer white pine hams, wooden nutmegs and shoepeg oats this season from that section of New Haven County, but this slight inconvenience can well be borne, in view of the importance of the issue and the necessity that absolute justice should be done to the distinguished principals to the contest.” Corrections Urged For Safe Auto Driving To_the Editor of The Star: ‘There is no doubt whatever that of our District good, and ty the walker and driver. Much is being said about the “faulty ear.” While we have them by the hundreds, in my opin- ion, if a check could be made it would develop more “faulty minds” than faulty cars. It's the fellow with a new car that really makes one think his time has id farewell to this old world, especially on the highways. Glaring headlights greatly retard traffic because one must reduce lawful speed when they ;remeL ;n;ny.;mo!ml:e&m lefects in connection with & m‘&m and I am told that many ad- vocate incpeasing the candlepower of g e This and That 1 | | By Charles E. Tracewell. | Names of pet animals have a curious | way of changing themselves to some- | thing else. s i Consider the kittens . which were named in -infancy Athos, Porthos, D'Artagnan, Aramis and = Alexandre Dum: as. ‘The original idea was-to do honor to the immortal creator of “The Three Musketeers.” At the first glance it did net seem a bad idea. The-“three kitten musketeers” was a iood phrase, and the individual cats tted the names very well—amazingly well, in fact. 2 Porthos turned out to be the largest of the group, with D'Artagnan the next in size. Aramis was ‘a sly little black ‘(’zflow. while Athos was: graceful to a legree. - As for Alexandre Dumas, the name fitted him from the ground up. Alex- andre turned out to be a roguish cat with a glint in his bright eyes, ever ready for a prank or a frolic. Yet one ‘by one the original names have fallen by the wayside, in the way that names have of doing. Even in human circles men often get names which their parents never gave them. Many a boy christened ‘“William" turns out to be plain “Bill,” except on checks and in formal documents; thou- sands of boys with what may be termed fancy names become ‘“Skeeter” and “Skinny.” x kX % ‘ The first kitten to lose its given name and. acquire another, and—for a kit- ten—a more natural one, was Aramis, as we recall. Aramis was coal black, as is his mother. So what could be more nat- ural that he should end up by becoming Blackie? 4 If the color of a dog or cat is dis- tinct enough, there is no more satis- factory name than one which refers to it. Thus the world has its Spots, its Buffs, its Blackies and Whities. The next kitten to get its name changed by natural evolution was Athos, who shortly became Little Nipper, the third of that name. As explained here previously to cat “fans,” the present Nipper was not only the image of the other two, but showed their traits so unmistakably that there could be little doubt of his ancestry. Pure black, gray and brown tiger, Little Nipper III took his place in the line by divine right. No amount of naming could have withheld that one from him in the end. [ { As for Alexandre Dumas, he first be- 'clmt Alexandre (but never Alex), and finally, by a curious evolution, Boggs. ‘This little fellow, with his white chest, paws and face, and black spots over his eyes, with black saddle and tall flecked with white, seemed to de- mand a name in keeping. Finally Boggs was hit upon, with the result that it received universal ac- claim. Boggs! Dickens, master of name selection, could have done no i better. Porthos, maltese, was a difficult one to name, until he was about 3 months iold, when he developed a habit of | growling at his mates at feeding time. Being larger than the others, he would shoulder them away from a choice bit, especially if something new had been added to the diet. So he became Buuly. It was not until we had read W. R. Burnett’s “Little Caesar” that. we struck a name which fitted the very pale tiger striped female kitten orig- inally named D'Artagnan. The heroine of this novel has the alliterative gang- land name of Blondy Belle, So D'Artagnan became Blondy Belle, which every reader will admit is' & much more fitting name for a female kitten than D'Artagnan. i your lights so as to kill the other fel- ! Jow's. There is an amber color light used |by some that does not glare. If they | pass the required test, why are not all of us reflulrea to use them? Many, many | “family men” have absolutely quit driv~ { tng at night on account of the danger of these lights. Another light defect of which we have many is the car with only one light. Catching these two dan- gerous defects alone, if officers were sta- tioned at the top of Cedar Hill, Penn- sylvania avenue southeast, the fines re- sulting thereffom would pay the salary of a dozen officers, M. 8. BELK, 3