Evening Star Newspaper, May 12, 1929, Page 116

Perter tHE GREAT (BoRN 1672) WAS PROCLAMED CZAR OF | RUSSIA AT THE AGE OFF TEN, WHEN WIS FATHER- RENOUNCED THE THRONE . PETERS AMBITIOUS OLDER SISTER SOPHIA HAD HERSELF MADE REGENT AND PUSHED I THE BOY-CZAR INTO THE BACKGROUND. e PETER WAS SENT T0 LINE ON A DISTANT ESTATE 1N ; THE COUNTRY. HIS EDUCATION | WAS PURPOSELY NEGLECTED- [ ETER ,HOWEVER, WAS SED OF A KEEN, INQUIRING MIND, AND LEARNED MANY THMINGS FOR NIMSELF. HE WAS GREATLY INTERESTED (N SHIPS, Bis cHiEF PLEASURE WAS SAILING ON A LAKE WITH AN OLD DUTCHMAN NAMED BRANDT. ECOMING SOLE RULEROF RuSSIA Bm 1629 PETER THE GREAT FOUND IHE PROGRESSIVE MON- mfi&g T:A:A‘:l.ms’noen.fiSSNE SHUT OUT FROM THE BLACIKK. SEA BY THE OTTOMAN TURKS AND CUT OFF FROM THE BALTIC 8Y THE SWEDES, RUSSIA HAD MAD LITTLE CONTACT WITH THE OTHER NATIONS OF EUROPE, ARD AS A RESULT HAD MADE SLIGMT PROGRESS SINCE THE DAYS OF-IVAN THE TERRIBLE- PETER'S FIRST AN GREATEST TASK WAS TO LIFT RUSSIA out OF ITS BARBARISM AND MAKE IT A MODERN NATION. —° [Be=r saw THAT To BECOME GREAT RUSSIA WOULD HAVE TO ABANDON THE LIFE AND CUSTOMS OF THE EAST AND ADOPT THE METHODS AND CIVILIZA- TION OF THE PROGRESSIVE ELROPEAN NATIONS.IN 1697 HE LEFT RUSSIA TO STWPY CONDITIONS IN GERMANY, HOoLLAND AND ENGLAND, —— * 1= PLANNED TO SECURE AN OUTLET TO THE SEA FOR HIS COUNTRY = "A WINDOW, HE SAID, ‘THROUGH WHICH RUSSIA MAY LOOK OUT UPON THE REST OF EUROPE mE SPENT A YEAR VISITING THOSE COUNTRIES, STUDYING THEIR SCIENCES, INDUSTRIES, COMMERCE ,ARMIES AND NAVIES , AND ACQUIRED A GREAT MANY NEW AND USEFUL IDEAS. —* ()i Russian NoBLES weRE LA i OF SNIPBUWILDING THE RUSSIAN - MONARCH DONNED THE CLOTHES OF LABORER AND WORKED IN A EOAssrsT HIM IN CARRYING OUT HIS PROJECTS,PETER ENGAGED FOREIGN ARCHITECTS,SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, OPPOSED T0 PETERS IDEA OF MAKING RUSSIA AN UP-TO-PATE COUNTRY, AND IN HIS ABSENCE THEY ROSE IN REVOLT, [8JE INTRODUCED HIS SWEERING REFORMS BY FORCE .HE COMPELLED SHIPBUILDERS AND ARMY OFFICERS, AND ToOK THEM To RLUSSIA WITI{ HIM . THE RUSSIANS TO CUT OFF THEIR BEARDS AND DISCARD TNEIR FLOWING GARMENTS FOR EUROPEAN DRESS. ON HIS RETURN, PETER CRUSHED THIS REBELLION WITH SAVAGE CRUELTY. i @eter oo Mucw 10 Dev i ELOP THE RICH NATURA(L RESOURCES i . |AND LIVONIA\ d; [] ; y Howevm, HE FAILE| ATTEMPTS To oy WREST 4 FoothoLp t o KIBF . \'.‘_.-.‘,‘. KINGDOM 7] : 7 'o or H;;@Ry ////]] ..3‘"/ s’.7 ‘ : - o \ o / 77751 77 Jivr e rObEs s SERLL ; RINA 3 @' e BN, A o < ézr.‘rflOMP'“,‘ 1), o= i/// MBEPETPD{E TURKRISH GRAND VIZIER. Bluver ForeiGN orricERs THe Russ-| | EIFER A sevies o conructs winiswepen | | El N THE YEAR 1702 PETER HAD Fou,,,: &,‘;‘E’ N 725, NEe HaD IAN ARMY WAS RECRGANIZED AND | | THAT HAD BEGUN IN 1700, PETER CONQUERED INGRIA.HERE BESIDE Nt e SIA A BAcikwarD, TRAINED ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. FORCED THE SWEPES(172)T0CEDE HIM | | THE GULF OF FINLAND HE BUILT (1703) PETER ALSO CREATED A NAVY AND T™EIR PROVINCES OF INGRIA,LIVONIA ANEW RUSSIAN CAP'W,ST:PETEQS' ESTABLISHED SCHOOL'S OF NAVIGATION. | | AND ESTHONIA WHICH HAD FORMERLY BURG, WHICH HE HOPED Woull> CuT RussSIA OFF FROM THE BALTIC. 4&.