Evening Star Newspaper, March 10, 1929, Page 2

LEACUE COUNGL TOMEE N SPA Decision at Geneva and Hail ing of American Attitude Events of Day. f | By the Associated Press | GENEVA, March 9.—Two decisions deemed significant and important in world history were made today by the Council of the League of Nations just before adjourning its fifty-fourth ses- sion. One was the unanimous and thusiastic hailing of American initiative in reopening negotiations for adherence to the World Court of Justice. The ' other was unanimous decision to hold the June session of the Council in Spain. As a result of the initiative of Elihu Root, America’s “elder statesman,” it| was believed tonight that American membership in the Court was now only a question of time, and the Council, confident that negotiations will cul- minate in agreement, voiced its convic- tion that adherence of the United States will be a signal contribution to consolidation of world peace. Foreign Minister Stresemann of Ger- many said that “it will be a big thing for the development of arbitration.” He | is described as keen for the Root fnr-i mula, which he discussed this afternoon at length with Mr. Root. No Fears of Revolt. In voting to meet at Madrid Council is believed to have given notice to the world that it has no fears of possible Spanish revolts and wishes to emphasize its belief in the solidity of the present Spanish regime. It also wished to make a gesture of friendship and confidence at a moment when there have been some internal difficulties in Spain and incidentally to manifest its appreciation of the fact that Spain showed largeness of spirit in returning to the League after having | resigned because of her failure to ob- tain a permarent seat on the Council. Count Qu'aones de Lone, Spanish Ambassador to France, who represents King Alfonto's government in the Coun- ! cil, is perbaps its most popular member. | He believes that the best way to prove Spanish stability is flinging Spanish doors wide open, not only to the Coun- cil, but to the large contingent of for- eign journalists who always trail the Council. Censorship is a problem, but it is understood that the Council goes t0 Madrid on the understanding that international correspondents will be ab- solutely unhampered in reporting league | dings and sending messages all | over the world. Resolution on Jurists. On the court question the Council | approved a British resolution authoriz- ing jurists, including Eithu Root, to study the whole problem of American adherence and to find a solution which could satisfy all interested parties. ! This is regarded as virtually a man-| date to get busy and succeed. The 55 nations which the Council represents want the United States in the World Court, and through their Geneva spokesman practically issued orders that American collaboration with the Court of International Justice is too vital to | the progress of the world to admit any possibility of failure. The troublesome problem of assuring the protection of minority peoples, which many have regarded as poten- tially dangerous to European peace, was discussed the Council with great calm, and the belief was expressed to- night that the system of protection will eventually be modified in such a man ner as to appease the affected popul tions and to give proper airing to their | grievances. The Madrid session of the Council was normally scheduled for June 3, but has been postponed for & week on ac- eount of the English elections and other consicerations. Spain will pay the heavy bill involved in the transfer of the League secretariat to the Spanish eapital. en- | | the | { FALL OF CABLE BUCKET DROWNS SIX WORKMEN Bridge Builders at Charleston, W. Va., Victims of Accident in Crossing Kanawha River. By the Associated Press. CHARLESTON, W. Va, March 9.— Six men at work on & new bridge across | the Kanawha River here drowned today | while crossing the stream in a cable bucket. A post to which the cable was attached broke, and the six occupants were thrown into the swiftly running ‘water. e The bucket was near midstream when the cable collapsed. One of the men struck out for the river bank, but went down before he could reach it. The others sank almost immediately. The men were employed by a con- struction company building the Patrick Street Bridge. CHINA PARLEY SEEN. Tokio Hears U. S. May Prnpoae; Extraterritoriality Conclave. SHANGHAI, China, March 9 (#).—A semi-official message from Tokio says that the United States contemplates proposing a conference of the powers concerned to consider the advisability of the abolition of extraterritoriality in China. Japan was repotred to be in full| agreement with the proposal. | | f { up his duties here formally late this DIXON AND INGALLS ARE NAMED BY HOOVER TO “LITTLE CABINET” (Continued From First Page) elected to the Senate, serving one full term until 1913. In 1912 he bolted to the Bull Moose par becoming chair- man of the Roosevelt organization for his State. Returning to the Republican fold after this movement had died out, Mr. | Dixon was elected governor in 1921, serving four years. He ran for the Senate last year against Senator Burton K. Wheeler, Democrat, and was de- feated by a narrow margin. Solicitor Finney, whose home is_in Kansas, entered the General Land Office at Washington 35 years ago after some years at the practice of law in his home State. Fifteen years later he was promoted to assistant to the Secretary and chief law officer of the Reclamation Service and in 1914 was rmade a mem- ber of the Board of Appeals of the de- partment, serving in that capacity un- til 1921, when President Harding ap- pointed him first assistant secretary under Albert Bacon Fall as Secretary. ¥inney Defended by Walsh. ‘While Mr. Finney was acting secre- tary during part of the period over which extended the negotiations be- tween Fall and Edward L. Doheny and Harry F. Sinclair for the California and Teapot Dome naval oil reserves, Sen- ator Walsh of Montana, prosecutor of the oil scandals, stated that the record was abundantly clear that Mr. Finney was in no wise responsible for those leases and was a diligent and faithful public servant. The new solicitor of the Interior Department frequently appeared before | the Senate commiitee investigating the | oil Jeases and also was a witness in the | various civil and criminal cases grow- | ing out of the now celebrated leases which the United States Supreme Court annuled, returning the reserves to_the Federal Government. Ingalls, the newly appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Aviation, was a World War ace at 18. He is now 29. ‘Warner, whom he succeeds, was ap- pointed by President Coolidge when the office of Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Aviation was created upon recom- mendation of the Morrow board. He plans to take a vacation and then es- tablish headquarters some place in the East as an aeronautical consultant. ‘Warner's successor won the name of Ohio’s “Flying Legislator” through his frequent trips between his Cleveland home and the State eapital at Colum- | bus for s=ssions of the State Legislature, in which he is a representative. Ingalls Wrote Alr Code. One of the youngest men to be ap- pointed to a place in the junior cabinet, Ingalls has shown his ability to com- bine his experience as a pilot and an administrator into the writing of an air code for Ohio, regulating all intrastate flying. As the Navy's cnly ace in the World ‘War, Ingalls won both American and British decorations. At the close of the war he entered law school at Yale Uni- versity and entered law practice in Cleveland after his graduation. Warner, only five years older than Ingalls, has been reognized as one of the world's leading authorities in aero- dynamics, one of the fundamental sciences of aeronautics. He was assisting in the buildiing of a wind tunnel for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, shortly after he had been graduated from that institu- tion, when officials of the national ad- visory committee for aeronautics were attracted by his unusual grasp of aero- nautics’ fundamental science. In 1919 he was made chief of aero- dynamic research in the Langley Field laboratories of the committee and in that capacity supervised the first flight tests made in the laboratory, which has since become world famous for its research. He was sent abroad in 1920 to studv aeronautics in Europe for the Govern- ment and upon his return was appoint- ed secretary of the national advisory committee’s aerodynamic section, ac- cepting a full-time position as professor of aeronautical engineering in Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology. President Coolidge appointed him to a place in the junior cabinet in 1926 after the Morrow board recommended the establishment of assistant secre- taryships for Commerce, War and Navy to "deal exclusively with aeronautical problems. ‘Warner plans to leave Washington within a week for a vacation with Mrs. Warner at “some quiet resort.” His successor here vesterday, arranged to return to Cleveland last night and take ! week. | | Other Appointments Pending. | Decisions in scores of appointments February Circulation Daily... 107,090 Sunday, 110,788 District of Columbia. s LEROY W._HERRO! anager HE EVENING SUNDAY STAR. mnly swear that the actual number { the paper named soid and die- ring the month of February, A.D. Advertising D mo: 109,059 119,093 1 RESZomanme ! Daily average net circulation.. 107,00 SUNDAY. Days. 11 2 Days. Copies g 10 Less adiustments Total Sunday net circulation Average net pald Sunday tion Average number of copies for ice, e A i circula- 110,136 612 Average Sunday net circulation..... 110,788 LEROY W. HERRON, Advertising Manager Bubserived and sworn to before me this Oth_dav of March, 1929 (Seul) ELMER F. YOUNT, Notary Publie 11248 | still are to bs made by the President. | with the most important posts to be filled those of Under Secretary of State, | Solicitor General of the United States, | | director of the Veterans' Bureau, di- | rector of the Budget Bureau, Governor | General of the Philippines and third ! secretary to the President, who is to be | liaison officer between the White House and the independent agencies of the Government J. Reuben Clark, jr., of Salt Lake City now is Undersecretary of State, but there have been reports that he wili be given a diplomatic post and William R. Castle, jr. now an assistant secre- ief among them | Federal District Judge Charles Dawson ! of Kentucky and John G. Buchanan of | Pittsburgh, have been put forward for the office of Solicitor General, but it has been indicated that the President will 1 be in no hurry to fill that post and will choose carefuily the man who is to suc- ceed his new Attorney General, Willlam D. Mitchell. Great care also is to be exercised in the selection of the assistant to the At- | | torney General to succeed Willlam J. Donovan, who resigned and then re-, fnsed to accept appointment as Gov- { ernor General of the Philippines, al- ! though repeatedly urged by President Hoover to take that post. Frank T. Hines, a caller at the White | | House yesterdav, is being retained for | the present as director of the Veterans' | Bureau, and he may be reappointed, al- though that has not yet been deter- mined. Lord Retained Temporarily. Brig. Gen. H. M. Lord also is being retained temporarily as director of the Budget Bureau, but since he wants to glve up this work, it is likely that a successor will be chosen in the near fu- | SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MARCH_ 10, | | | | | | _Upper: Joseph M. Dixon (left), named first Assistant Secretary of the Interlor | to succeed Dr. | now becomes solicitor. |tary to the President probably will not {be chosen for some time. Aside from the changes made yester- {day in the Interior Department, seven other places in that department must | be filled by the Chief Executive, either | by the retention of the present officers | or the appointment of new ones. These | offices are Assistant Secretary, Commis- sioners of the Land Office, Indian Office, | Pensions, Education and Reclamation | and director of the Geological Survey. |~ Another selectfon before Mr. Hoover | s that of an Assistant Secretary of War | to succeed Charles B. Robbins, who de- | sires to retire to private life. He is in {charge of industrial mobilization for | war purposes, With the retirement of Walter F. Brown, now Postmaster General, and Willlam P. McCracken, jr., from the Commerce Department, two new assist- ants must be named there, one chief aide to Secretary Lamont and the other in charge of commercial aviation. Four assistants to- the Postmaster General and one assistant to the Secre- tary of Agriculture also remain to be | named along with a number of officials in the Treasury Department, including | Ogden L. Mills, undersecretary, all of | whom are expected to remain, |SCHOONER, PART OF SAILS | GONE, TOWED BY CUTTER | Vessel Leaking When Picked Up| 50 Miles East of Cape Henlopen. By the Associated Press. masted schooner Lieutenant Mengel, with part of her sails gone and leaking, was picked up this afternoon 50 miles due east of Cape Henlopen by the Coast Guard cutter Manning, which is towing | her into Delaware Breakwater. The schooner was sighted early today show- ing distress signals and requesting the assistance of a Coast Guard cutter. The Manning was dispatched from Norfolk to aid the vessel and found her about 4 o'clock this afternoon. The schooner had taken in considerable water, but her crew had kept her in fairly good condition by using the pumps. The vessel was bound for Norfolk from Laval de Cora, Venezuela, and has been at sea for almost two months, She was last spoken on January 26 when pass- ing ship sighted her in latitude 16.00 north and longitude 69.45 west. The Manning will reach the Delaware Breakwater early tomorrow morning with her helpless charge. WURZBACH Texas GIVES BAIL. Representative to Answer Six Charges of Election Fraud. SAN ANTONIO, Tex., March 9 (#).— Representative Harry M. Wurzbach was released under bond of $2,500 fol- lowing his arrest here today by Deputy United States Marshal Fleet White on an indictment returned last week in Waco by a Federal grand jury. Wurzbach was indicted on six counts and the case has been transierred from the Waco to the San Antonio Federal Court. One of the counts alleges that he accepted $100 June 28, 1926, from H. M. Holden, at that time United States district attorney at Houston, as a contribution for political purposes during the primary campaign that year, in violation of a Federal statute. BOY, 4, IS SCALDED. Believed to Have Pulled Kettle Off Kitchen Stove. Four-year-old Ralph Canhill of 225 Indiana avenue was painfully but not . C. Finney (right), who | serfously scalded about his body late yesterday afternoon by boiling water from a teakettle on the kitchen stove in his home. He was rushed to Emergency Hospital in the ambulance and treated by D Leon Gordon of the staff. Police sa: no one saw the accident but it is Aug ed the child pulled the kettle off t] FUGITIVE SOON CAUGHT. POTTSVILLE, Pa, Ma verez Miquel, 28-year-old slayer, who escaped from the Schuylkill County fail early today, was captured tonight in a barn at Cresona, three miles from here. shot Corpl. Fleming in the head, but !hv wound was not regarded as serlous The slayer was taken to the jail, Two Die in Road Camp Fire. MANISTIQUE, Mich., March 9 (#)— William J Rodda, 35, and Jack Gray, 48, both of Detroit, were burned to death today when fire destroyed a road camp at Blaney, near here. The fire apparently started from an overheated | stove. Flames Threaten Duluth. DULUTH, Minn., March 9 (#).—Fire starting in the Slegel Hardware Co. store threatened the city’s business dis- trict tonight. Explosion of paint casks and a store of ammunition endangered firemen, Three men residing in a hotel ture. A Governor Gencral of the Phil- ippines and the Third Assistant Secre- and carried to safety, March 9 (P).— | by State police. In resisting arrest Miquel | | CAPITAL AWAITS AW COMMSION Next Move of Hoover to Effect Enforcement Is Watched by Officials. ___ (Continued From First Page.) Whether it will be undertaken at the coming special session of the new Con- gress is not clear. While President Hoover said in bis inaugural address “In the meantime it is essential that a large part of the enforcement activities be transferred from the Treasury De- | partment to the Department of Justice as a beginning of more effective organ- ization,” he did not go into details of | such a transfer. ! It was learned yesterday that sev- eral persons have sought appointment as members of the President’s commis- fon, although their names were not 15(“1055‘1 It was said, however, it was unlikely that such efforts would be met with success. The President commission men of the highest ability, and men who will be able to give to| the work of the commission the atten- tion it warrants. Walsh Favors Inquiry. Senator David I. Walsh, Democrat, of Massachusetts, one of the ‘“‘wet” members of the Senate, sald yesterday | he believed much good could be accom- plished through the investigation. also believes the national commission should not contain representatives of either wet or dry organizations if the best results are to be obtained. he belleved should be selected for the conimission President-Emeritus Lowell | of Harvard University. The resignation from the Republican national committee of Mrs. Charles H. Sabin of New York, recelved yesterday by Chairman Work of the national committee, in some quarters has been interpreted as a mark of disapproba- tion of President Hoover's determined stand for drastic enforcement of the rohibition laws and to the fact that is inaugural address did not give hope of any plan for repeal of the dry laws, or even of great modification. —Mrs. Sabin has been anti-prohibition in her views. There were no signs of dismay, however, because of her resignation. Dr. Work, replying to Mrs. Sabin's letter of resignation, evpressed regret that she should take this step and said women of her ability are needed as members of the committee. Her resi nation was accepted. Mrs. Sabin’s letter was brief, merely stating that she re- gretted to find it necessary to tender her resignation, without assigning any cause. She attended the inauguration of President Hoover and the meeting of the national committee which followed. May Cause Realignment. The Republican State committee of New York will be expected to fill the vacancy caused by Mrs. Sabin’s resigna- tion and submit it to the national com- mittee for final action. It is not unlike- ly that an up-State Republican woman may be picked for the office, although that is by no means sure nor necessary. The feeling in Republican circles here is that while the stand taken for prohibition enforcement by President Hoover may cause some realignment politically, it will not materially change the make-up of the Republican organ- jzations in the States of the East, where wet sentiment is found in more marked degree than in other sections of the country. SERVICE OFFICER MAY BE NAMED AS HESSE SUCCESSOR (Continued From First Page.) capable of discharging the responsibili- ties of the office. Henry G. Pratt, ranking assistant su- perintendent and chief of the detective bureau, is prominently mentioned as Maj. Hesse's successor, if the Commis- sioners should determine to make a selection from within the department. The names of Willlam S. Shelby, as- sistant superintendent and _personnel officer, and Acting Lieut. Edward J. Kelly, in command of the detective bureau's homicide squad, also have been mentioned in connection with the appointment. The retirement board is not expected to act on Maj. Hesse's application until | its next meeting March 21. If ordinary procedure is followed, the board's ac- tion would be forwarded to the Com- missioners the following day for con- firmation. Apparently confident that the appli- cation will be approved, Maj. Hesse began preparations yesterday afternoon to_remove his personal effects from his office which have accumulated over the long period of 35 years that he has been connected with the District serv- ice. He is anxious to step out as soon as the retirement board and the Com- missioners give the word. Hesse Plans Vacation Trip. Maj. Hesse sald he has planned a vacation trip which will keep him aw. from Washington long e¢nough to for get his worries over the Police Depart- ment. He probably will go to Miami for several weeks and then sesk rest and quiet in a small Virginia tewn in the Shenandoah Valley Asked what he planned to do upon his return, Maj. Hesse, in a voice choked with emotion, replied: “There is little POLICE WORRIES .SOON MAJ. EDWI over the hardware store were overcome Who resigned as superintendent of police yesterday, photographed at shortly after the announcement that he is | seeking to find for appointment to the | He | He | mentioned as the caliber of men whom | CONFERENCES GIVE HOOVER BUSY WEEK Farm Relief, Law Enforce- ment and Mexican Situa- tion Considered. By the Associated Press. Herbert Hoover closed his first week | | in the presidency yesterday with a busyv | round of conferences on farm relief, law enforcement and the first important foreign problem of his administration, the situation created by the Mexican revolution. Leaders in both the House and Senate were included among his callers, bring- | ing with them the problem of a legis- | lative program for the special session of Congress which Mr. Hoover has called for next month, while Secretary Kellogg visited the White House to dis- cuss developments in the Mexican in- | surrection. The State Department head assured the President that events of the last 24 hours had given no cause for increased alarm. Farm Hearings to Open. Chairman McNary of the Senate ag- ricuiture committee informed the Pres- | ident that he intended to open hearings | shortly on' a farm relief measure, with a view to having a bill drafted for the consideration of the Senate when the special session meets April 15. It is| his purpose at that time to make the | measure the Senate's unfinished busi- ness and he predicted that it would be disposed of within a week. From Chairman Snell of the House rules committee, Mr. Hoover heard that it is proposed that the House follow much the same plan and he, too, pre- dicted that a farm bill could be approved by the House in less than a week. He placed the agricultural prob- lem first upon a tentative legisiative calendar, followed by tariff revision and congressional reapportionment, should the Senate approve a bill dealing with the latter. Senator McNary proposes to take the farm measure he introduced at the last cussion at the coming hearings. Thw: bill provides for the establishment of a large Federal revolving fund to assist co-operative organizations in _solving their marketing problems and the crea- tion of a National Farm Board to handle the surplus crop situation. Accord on Farm Relief. Senator Brookhart, Republican, Iowa, declared in the course of a conference with Mr. Hoover, that the Senate was in general agreement on the essential features of farm legislation. A suffi- clently large appropriation from the Government, he said, would obviate any necessity for an equalization fee. Representative Almon, Democrat, Ala- bama, brought Muscle Shoals into the farm discussion with a recommendation to the President that the disposition of this project, which has been before Congress for more than a decade, be included in the proposed farm relief legislation. Mr. Hoover, he said, did not indicate what action he would take, but said it seemed to him that the ques- tion could be settled by Congress. Other of the day's callers included Senator Harris, Democrat, Georgia, who congratulated the President upon his law enforcement etand; Senator Rans- dell, Democrat, Louisiana, who urged Mr. Hoover’s support for his bill cre- ating & national department of public heaith; Representative Andrew of Mas- sachusetts and the entire Kentucky congressional delegation, who called io pay their respects. Neighbor Luncheon Guest. Aside from meeting a long list of callers, Mr. Hoover had as his guest at | luncheon T. T. C. Gregory, a neighbor from Palo Alto, who served with him in relieving post-war conditions in Europe. The President conferred during the afternoon with Secretary Good and Sec- retary Davis on what were announced as routine departmental affairs. La‘e in the day he received another call from Secretary Kellogg, who brought addi- tional information on the Mexican sit- uation, but declined to make public its nature. — e I can do. My whole life has been dt voted to police work. Away from that I am lost.” However, he seemed relieved to know that retirement is about to write the closing chapter of his career. “Mv worries will be over soon,” he sald. “Perhaps I will be able then to sleep without a nightmare.” Only a few days since his appoint- ment as superintendent in October, 1925, has Maj. Hesse been away from his office in the District Building. He knew no hours in his devotion to duty. If he was not at his office at night he was touring the precincts, observing conditions and keeping in constant touch with the activities of the force. ‘Although severely criticized by former Representative Thomas L. Blanton of Te: who accused him with lax en- forcement of the gambling and liquor laws, the superintendent will leave of- fice with the knowledge that the first convictions of professional gamblers were obtained during his administra- tion and the consolation that is his that he put an end to prize-fighting in the District. TO END N B. HESSE, his desk had appliedl for retirement, * = 1929—PART 1. session of Congress as a basis for dis- | | last cumg Senator Jones of Washington (sitti radio forum. (Continued From First, Pa consideration of the tariff and the reor- ganization of our marketing system. This will not solve the farmers’ problems.” Senator Jones saw in Herbert Hoove !a man who is as well equipped as any man to “lead in the solution of this | most difficult task” of farm relief. | Both speakers were introduced to the Nation-wide audience by Oliver Owen | Kuhn, managing editor of The Evening Star. Music by the Army Band formed the background for both addresses. The program was opened with the playing | of “The Evening Star March.” com- posed by Capt. William J." Stannard, leader of the Army Band. MeNary and Smith to Speak. Speakers *in next Saturday night's presentation of the national forum will be Senators Charles L. Mc- Nary of Oregon and Ellison D. Smith of South Carolina. The addresses of Senators Jones and Harrison follow: Senator Jones: “Ladies and gentlemen of my radio e: ’“‘("I‘eg; not know whether that is the way to address you or not. How do know that any one is listening? I can see no one, hear no one. I have a peculiar sensation. I like to see my audience, look into the faces and eves of those to whom I am speaking. This 8 a broad way. u'c'? am standing in a small room with no one in sight except one gentleman off in a corner, who expects to call me down ebout 15 seconds before I am to stop. 1 em speaking in an ordinary tone, and yet, I am told, that there may be some hearing. my voice 1,000, 2,000 or 3,000 miles away. My little granddaughter in Yakima, and my grandsons in Seattle may be crying out this minute, ‘Listen, that is Daddy ‘Dones.” Wonderful — mysterious — un- canny! “The radio has its advantages and its disadvantages for the speaker. He Joes not know whether any one is listen- ing or whether millions are hanging on his words. He can see no old gentleman in the corner, nodding approval from time to time of the sentiments uttered, thus giving him encouragement and inspiration. Nor can he see the droop- ing eyes and big yawns in front of him that depress and fluster. He can hear no clapping hands nor see the frowns in his audience. If he can persuade himself that multitudes are hanging breathless on his words, he has the highest inspiration to ~soar to lofty h?fghfl. and if any one does not want to listen he does not have to interrupt and discourage by tramping out. He can meke a slight turn with his radio dial and heavenly music greets his ear and sweet peace and contentment fills his soul—while the speaker goes on, blissfully ignorant of any change. “Ramble Along.” “If the speaker has a special message to get to those who may listen. he must be clear, concise, and speak to the point, because he knows when his time is up he must stop. If he has no spe- cial message he can ramble long, as I am doing, revelling in the belief that millions are listening joyfully to him. When he closes he can go to his peace- ful couch, with the plaudits of his un- numbered audience ringing in his ears, even though he may have heard nothing of approval, and no one else may have heard him. It is truly wonderful! “An audience, usually, does not enjoy a speech that is read—you do not know whether I am reading or not, and so I revel in the thought that you think I have no manuseript. “But what information have I given those who are listening to me? None. You know all that I have told you al- ready. Why did I say it? Just be- cause I, myself, enjoy it—because to me it is an interesting experiment. “I am asked to speak on what is to be done at the special session of Con- means to the country. This is difficult, and largely speculative. Congress has been called to consider farm relief and the tariff, especially as to agricultural comply with the promises made in the aign. “We shall make an earnest effort to ald agriculture—that it may be put on basis. It is no partisan political ques- tion. Every one is anxious to see the farmer prosperous. There are honest and patriotic differences over methods to help him. No legislation can make a man frugal, industrious, nor of wise judgment. No legislation can regulate the rainfall, or prevent drought, except in the arid regions. We may help in promoting diversity of crops until, in time, we may have no great surplusage —this must be brought about largely by his own efforts. When local needs and forelgn demands compete for what he produces, it will be an ideal condi- tion for the farmer. “The distribution and marketing of farm products and the wise and proper handling of surplus crops are the most important problems that legislation may help to solve. The more distinct, sepa- rate agencies between the producer and the ultimate consumer, the less the re- turn to the producer. The fewer in- tervening agencies, the better the return to the producer, with at least no in- creased price to pm:ilbly, on the average, a less price m “The only way I can see that the producer and the consumer can brought closer together is through co- ?e tive associations or agencies. The overnment can aid in the formation and development of such associations by counsel, advice and possibly in many other ways. It will take a long. time to :lecure roper and successful associa- o radio | T | trouble is that is my first experience of this kind In | gress to begin April 15, and what it products. This is a prompt attempt to | a reasonably permanent and prosperous | the consumer and | | | | | ng) and Senator Harrison of Mississippl, | photographed at radlo station WMAL, where they spoke last night in The Star —Star Staft Photo. SENATORS DEBATE FARM AID , OVER AIR IN FORUM TALKS! roducts | part of this vast country. Its are produced and marketed under most diverse conditions. This renders effec- tive association most difficult, but all the more important and necessary and should be brought about as early as | possible. | | Trained Men Needed. “There |sist the farmer in the formation and | operation of such associations. They should be men of experience, as well as theoretical training, and should be imbued with an intense desire to aid the farmer. It will take time to create an adequate force, but it will be needed more and more as the country increases in population and production. Popu- lation may hereafter increase, propor- | tionately, mote rapidly than preduc- | tion. “This should aid in the mainte- nance of better prices for farm products. but co-operative effort will be needec all the more in preventing great price fluctuations. “Substantial aid can be ziven in different ways by the Government in connection with crop surplusage. Take lit year by year, and we have but small, |if any, surplus of farm products. The roducers are often com- | pelled to, or do, dump their products | 1pon the markets, and temporarily over- stock them. Prices go down. Products |are still sold at the lower prices. The {lator or & wise business man, holds purchaser, who is now often a specu- | them. Prices react before the year is {over, and generally the holder of these | products gets an enhanced price. |~ “If these products could be marketed | by the producer, or under his control | throughout the year as they are needed | in the market, prices would be stabi- | lized to’the benefit of the producer and |no detriment to the consumer. This | would mean general and permanent | prosperity for our farming population, | with a most beneficial effect upon in- dustry generally throughout the | country. | “This is what we are going to try i'o bring about during the extra session. | This problem may not be entirely isolved. but no man is better fitted to |lead in the solution of this most dif- flcult task than Herbert Hoover. “‘Our other special task is to revise the tariff, especially as to ' agricultural products, and as to those lines of in- | dustry that seem to be in special need {of it. This should not be so difficult as | tariff revision usually is. The law to ibe revised was enacted in accord with | the Republican policy of protection, |and by a Republican administration. It has been wonderfully successful. The country, generally, is prosperous and | there should be no disturbance of the | tariff in relation to those lines of in- | dustry they are prospering. To do so | may bring more harm than good. | Wherever the tariff is raised, it will be | done in the interest of American in- | dustry, and not in any degree by way of retallation. This is a domestic mat- | ter and we have a perfect right to deal with it in a way that we believe will promote our own interests. Other people have the right to follow such domestic policies as they may deem best for their own interests, and we will make no complaint so long as they are not enacted as purely retaliatory measures. In such cases, of course, we will take that action which may be deemed necessary. Believes in Protective Tariff. . “Personally, I believe most strongly in the efficacy of a protective tariff. It has always brought prosperity to the country, shown itself to be a real rev- enue producer, demonstrated the fallacy of theory in the facts of experience, and seems to be less and less a party issue. This s a fine thing for the coun- try and for industry. When the policy of protection is recognized as the per- manent policy of this Nation, regard- less of party and politics, the more stable and generally prosperous will business and industry be. “As I have sald, the extra session is called for two specific purposes. Its work should be confined to them unless there are matters that are imperative. “In my judgment, l’elr rtionment of members of the House of g’eprrsentm tives is imperative, Under our Consti- tution each State in the Union, large and small, has two Senators. This gives every State equal power in that . The members of the House of 'Fhem-nsentulthg?“nrt apportioned among e several es, accordin, Ppopulation. g it “A census is to be taken every 10 years to _enable reapportionment to be made. These are mandatory provisions of the Constitution. We have taken the census every 10 years, but our last apportionment was made in 1911. Our | population has been increasing as a | whole. The population of some States | has increased rapidly. The representa- tion of such States in the House has continued the same for 20 years. The practical effect of this is to deprive their citizens of representation in the House and increase the power of the representatives of other States. This is unfair, contrary to the very funda- me:ul El:n;c{gles lnr our Government, and agains e plain mandate Constitution 11581!? i “The House of Representatives passed a reapportionment bill after the 1920 census but the Senate failed to act. | The House, near the close of last ses- slon, passed another reapportionment jact. Again the Senate falled to act. i The 1930 census Is to be taken soon. Provision for a just reapportionment should be made and this should be done in the special session. The Sen- ate should act promptly and undo as far as may be possible, the constitution- al wrong it has committed by its fail- should be men especially | | trained to study the conditions and as- | | Great Lakes to the Atlantic. & N KEYES WOULD RUSH START ON PLAA Senator Will Seek Funds From Congress for Pre- liminary Work. A start may be made this year on preliminary work for enlargement of the Capitol grounds if plans now being considered are carried out. ‘The project was authorized by Con- sress after the last deficiency appropri- on bill had been completed, so that the initial allotment of funds could not he obtained before adjournment. Chair- man Keyes of the public buildings and grounds committee, who steered the piaza improvement measure through the Senate, said vesterday he was consider- ing the possibility of putting through A joint resolution ‘at the coming session to permit use of a small amount of money to clear off two squares of the plaza facing the Capitol. It is not certain whether this will be possible, but if it should be done, it would provide for removal of several units of the Government hotels between Delaware and New Jersey avenues, B and C streets. Occupants of these buildings could be provided for in other units of the Government Hotels nearer Union Station, which are not to be disturbed immediately, Senator Keyés pointed out. Senator Keyes Indicated he was anxious to avold a delay until next vear in beginning the project, and if ihe two squares fronting on the Capitol could be cleared off this year it would expedite the landscape treatment of that portion of the Plaza early next ear, tion. it is fostering disrespect and dis- regard for the Constitution itself. “My committee will have charge of this legislation. We will report a bill without delay, and press action by the Senate. “My time is nearly up. The mentor is ready to call me down. I have en- Joyed this 15 minutes very much, whether a vast audience has or not. I wish’ my audience, large or small, a pieasant good night. Senator Harrison: “An humble member of the minority in the next Congress can accomplish little. My observations, therefore, must necessarily be from the outside and through a Democratic keyhole. “By the imposition of stringent rules, the Longworth-Tilson-Snell leadership’ in the House can and probably will de- vise their own limited plan and casry it through. Not so in the Senate. When that body meets on April 15, every com- mittee will be organized and neither speech nor action will be restricted. While reapportionment and repeal of the National origins statute will be ad- vanced by some, it is believed that in the end only two questions suggested by President Hoover in his proclamation for prompt f for an extra session, namely farm re- lief and tariff revision, will receive the consideration of both Houses of the Congaress. . qus for farm relief, it will be recalleg that President Hoover in his accept- {ance and campaign speeches stated that ‘The most urgent economic prob- lem in our Nation today is agriculture’ and ‘We have pledged ourselves to firid a solution. In summing up that solu- tion he asserted that it could be ob- tained first by ‘Giving the farmer ‘the full_benefit of our historic tariff,” sec- ondly ‘Reduction of transportation charges.’ thirdly ‘Reorganization of our marketing system’ and fourthly ‘The improvement of our inland rsurwnr, including not only a shipway from the Great Lakes to the Gulf, but ffom the As to the latter he asserted ‘There is no more vital method of farm relief.’ Says Hoover Has Forgotten. “It would seem now from a reading of the President’s proclamation that he has forgotten the importance and urgency for a reduction of transporta- tion rates, the impravement of inland waterways and the consideration of a shipway from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic. We are told that further farm rellef is to be restricted to the consideration of the tariff and the re- organization of our marketing. system. This will not solve the farmers’ prob- lem. Such a program is not only a, repudiation of recent campaign pledges. but means the imposition of additional burdens upon agriculture. “The Democratic minority because of its numerical strength will be impo- tent to carry through its program, but it will redeem its promises .to the American electorate and make every ef- fort to legislate not only for the im- provement of our inland waterways and highways, the enlargement of our co-operative marketing system, providing additional agricultural credits, but it will attempt to enact a law that will establish in agriculture an effec- tive control of exportable surpluses by imposing the cost upon the commodities benefited. That was the principle enunciated in the Democratic platform adopted at Houston; that was the prin- ciple that was battled for by both our candidates for President and Vice Presi~ dent in the late campaign and that will be the principle which we will en- deavor to have incorporated into the law In the consideration of farm relief in the coming Congress. “Higher tariff rates to protect manu- facturers only widen the disparity be- tween the purchasing price of the farm- ers' dollar and that of the dollar of protected industries. The Demogcratic party has declared and its leadership is dedicated to the principle that agri- culture should be placed and maintained upon an equality with every other in- dustry. It cannot be done through the tariff. Crops of which we have an exportable surplus cannot be protected through the tariff. It is the exportable surplus in the domestic market that prevents the farmer from getting the benefit of the tariff. It is this export- able surplus with which the farmers and the Democratic party are concerned and which must be controlled if real farm relief s extended. ’ “In the consideration of the tariff question, the Democratic minority will oppose the enactment of such increased tarifft duties as will license tariff pirates to gag and gouge the consumers of America by exacting higher prices to swell their already too great profits upon water stock. It will strive to fix tariff rates, not at the whim and dic- tation of that interest that seeks only greater profits, but upon facts, after careful study, if possible, by a non- partisan commission of experts. “Tariff Is But Tax.” “In the consideration of the rate to be imposed, it will not only strive to do justice to the industry affected, but the general welfare of the whole couns try, and that includes the consumers of America. It will seek to safeguard legitimate business against monopolistic domination, to preserve, and, if pos- sible, further raise, the standard of live ing for American labor. “A tariff is but a tax, and any tax that discriminates or operates in- equitably is unjust. Whatever burdens or benefits arise from it should be fairly distributed between all industries and among all the people. “The policy of the Democratic party in the consideration of tariff legislation in the next Congress wil be in keeping with the Jeffersonian principle of ‘equal rights to all and special privi- leges to none.’ It will wield no bludgeon against any legitimate industry. It will see that they are protected in their every just ciaim and constitutional right. ~ It appreciates that this is an age of . invention, new methods and ure in the past to act, and provide against such wrong in the ure. Not only has & 'at wrong been com- mitted against the people of the States ns all over the country. Agriculture but by its disregard of the plain and s more or less, in some form, in every imperative mandate of the Constitu- progress, and that safe and sane policies must be adopted to meet the readjust- ments of new conditions. In doing so, ft will strive to write a new’ code of opportunity, justice and equality for 1 industries and all the people.”