Evening Star Newspaper, June 11, 1925, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR|temocracy With Sanday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C THURSDAY.......June 11, 1825 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 110 st and Fenmayivania Ave Bork Offire: 110 Eact 3206 St {cagn : Tower Building. Buropean Dffice: 10 Regent St Loos England The Evening Star. with the Sunday morn- tng etition. 1§ Geliverad bY eArricrs within the city at 60 cedte per month: daily only, 45 conts per month: Sunday only. 20 cen per month. Orders may be sent ny mall or lophone Main 5000, Collection s made by carfier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable In Advance. Maryland Daily and Sunday. Dally only .. Sunday only All Other States. I‘P and Sunday. ..} yr.. $10.00: 1'me i .. 1yr. $7.00:1 Bundas only 7 8 $3.00: Member of the Associated Press. The Assoeiated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of afl news di natches eredited to it or mot otherwise cred- ited In this paper apd aito the loeal news published herein. Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. The District Surplus Decision. Controller General McCarl has de- cided, with unexpected promptness, that the funds in the Treasury which have been elaimed by the District as a surplus credit, amounting to $819,373.83, in fadt belong to the Cap- ital community and are available for appropriation as District revenues. This decision was hoped for in season for the framing of the next District appropriation bill, and fortunately comes in time for the consideration of estimates. It supplements the prior decision of the controller gen- eral to the same effect, that certain funds accumulating in the Treasury from District revenues not appro- ptiated are credits to Washington. That decislon has been recognized in the appropriation of & portion of the already declared and established sur- plus for extraordinary school devel- opment purposes. This present addi- tion to the accredited surplus estab- lishes a total credit of available Dis- trict funds, outside of cufrent reve- nues, of $5,257,538.75, and & balance after deduction of appropriations elready made, of $2,626,028. In theory there could never have been a surplus of District revenues, under the organic act of 1878 or its amendment, If the strict letter of the law were followed. It was initially provided that “to the extent to which Congress should approve of sald esti- Thates (submitted by the Commission- ers), Congress shall appropriate the amount of 50 percentum thereof and the remaining 50 percentum shall be levied and assessed upon the taxable property and privileges” in the Dis- trict not belonging to the United States. In short, the District reve. nues were to be raised only in the exact amount necessary to meet the requisition of one-half of the total sppropriations. In practice, however, the appropriations came to be based not upon the amount the Government was willing to spend, but upon the amount of the District’s estimated revenues. Then came the time when the District raised more than Con- gress was willing should be spent at the established ratio. Thus a surplus of District funds accumulated. De- mand was made by the District for the expenditure of these funds upon the equitable and legally established ratio of half and half, later made 60- 40 per cent. A counterclaim was set up by certain critics of the fiscal policy of the Government relating to the maintenance of the District and the District was mulcted in large sums for items of doubtful equity. Eventually the question of the sur- plus was referred to the controller, who ruled that to the great body of the surplus then In the Treasury the District was clearly entitled. The District claimed that in the appro- priation of this money, thus declared to belong to it, Congress should ob- serve the ratio principle which pre- valled at the time it was raised by taxation. A congressional committee exam- fned the question and reported in favor of the District equities in the surplus, but certain items were held apart for further examination. The present decision relates to them and is a complete verification of the Dis- trict’s title to this credit. Remains now only the proper disposition of this money, which stands as a Dis- trict asset and which should be ap- propriated upon the precise conditions that prevailed at the time of the pay- ment of these funds by the District taxpayers. In the preparation of this case and its presentation to the controller gen- eral, Auditor D. J. Donovan has rendered the District a most valuable service, which is highly appreciated. He has steadfastly throughout the surplus controversy maintained the position that the District's title to these funds was clearly founded in law. In the examination of the ac- count he has been diligent and skillful and this present decision, which com- pletes the legal procedure with re. gard to the unexpended District reve- nues, is a vindication of his zealous end capable management of the case. ———t—. The eager discussion of evolution may assist in solving the problems of the intellectually unemployed. Y e rmtee——— Dr. Copeland’s Diagnosis. Senator Royal S. Copeland of New York, who, before his entry into poli- tics by his election to a seat In the United States Senate, was commis- sioner of health of New York City by appointment of Mayor Hylan, has a diagnosis of Miss Democracy's pres- ent aflments. This he presented to the ‘Women’s Jefferson Democratic Club of Kansas City, Mo,, in an address last night. The Senator’s diagnosis of the Democratic party’s ills is caleulated to attract the attention of Democrats all over the country, and Republicans as well, many of whom no doubt will be disposed to agree with him in his con- clusions. ‘The medico-Senator shows a large de- gree of political skill in his handling of Miss Democracy’s case, “friend of the family” that he is. Analyzing the nature-of the allment of the patient, e finds what he calls “a demoralized 14 | dustrial democracy. " decldes that the cause is mainly the ‘“sectional, occupational and religious differences” that affect it, and prescribes a cure. He belleves that the patient will never get well until these differences are put aside, all consideration of candidates is dis- carded and party reorganization is ef- fected. Senator Copeland visualizes a South- ern democracy, a Western democracy and an Eastern democracy. “We have,” he #aid, “a ru-al democracy and a labor democracy. We have an agricultural demiocracy and an in- ‘We have a Prot. estant democracy and a Catholic democraey.” $o long as all these branches and divisions exist there is no Democratic party at all and never will be “until we submit within the party to acceptance by the whole group of its fundamentals.” He urges his party to forget the names of men and to think only of what the “party of the people’ can do to better the conditions of men and women, supporting the party’s organ- ized committees and conventions with unswerving fidelity. Senator Copeland’s speech comes at a time when Democrats throughout the Nation of all shades, opinfons and bellefs are busily engaged in a kind of psychoanalysis of the ills of the Demo- cratic party and are’casting about for choice among varfous nostrums being advanced for a suggested cure. Looking to the West. Politics is never entirely adjourned n the United States. Although the Congressional campaign is still a year oft and the national elections are three years away, the jockeying for place has already begun. Not unnat- urally Republican eyes are turned par. ticularly to the Northwest, the sec- tion of the country that has caused them the greatest amount of worry and trouble in 15 years, outside of the “solid South.” Last year, with Prosident Coolidge as the standard beater and improving agricultural conditions, the Republican national ticket carried all of the Western ter- ritory and cut into some of the radical stremgth in Congress. The Republl- can leaders intend, if possible, to fol low up these successes. Recent hap- penings Bave indicated that this Re- publicad drive is to be consistent, con- tinuous and of considerable propor- tions. President Coolidge has just returned from Minnesota, where he was given a hearty reception, not only by the people of that State, but by many of those of adjoining States. He has per- gonal populafity throughout the eoun: tty. He Bas added to it in the North- west by his recent journey. With the presidential cAmpaign still three years off, it would be neither politic nor wise for the President to state now his plans for the future. But viewing the prospects today, the likelihood of the renomination of President Cool- idge by the Republicans seems very great. The Republicans realize that it was Calvin Coolidge, more than any other factor, that made a nationgl victorv possible in 1924. The visit of the President to the Northwest was entirely proper. It is the duty of the President whenever possible to get first-hand knowledge of the problems’of the various sections of the country, to visit them, and to see the people. Spectal provision to detray the expenses of the President on his travels about the country has been made by Congress. He went, too, to the Northwest to participate in the celebration of a great event, the im- migration. of the first Norse people into this country. But the presidential trip cannot be stripped entirely of political signifi- cance and effect. The way for the Republican drive in that section of the country has, in a measure, been paved by the titular head of the party. Secretary Jardine of the Department of Agriculture and Secretary Hoover of the Department of Commerce are to follow with visits and speeches to the people of these States, and they, in turn, will be followed by Chairman ‘William M. Butler of the Republican national committee, who successfully put more business into politics during the last campaign. A glance at re- cent presidential appointments shows, too, that the Northwest is being recog- nized. The new Solicitor General of the United States is from Minnesota, and the President has picked former Senator McCumber of North Dakota for one of the choicest plums, a mem- bership in the International Boundary Commission. ‘The Democrats have had their trou- bles because of party division finto Southern and Northern wings of the party. But the Republicans have had their Western and Eastern wings, With serious difficulty therefrom. The plea that the Democrats of the South for- sake the East and North and seek an alllance with the people of the West has been put forward. In some quar- ters Republicans are urged to angle for the support of the people of the South and to let the West do as it chooses. Economically, the division of the United States is largely bétween the industrial East and the agricultural West. The farmers of the West must sell their produce high and buy their clothing cheap. The industrial work- ers of the East must sell the clothes they make high and buy thelr food as cheaply as possible. Ecoporic differ- ences are usually at the bottom of po- litfcal issues. As a matter of fact, there is just one question that keeps the solid South in the Democratic col- umn. It is the economic differences between the South and the West, type- fied by cotton on the one hand and bread on the other, that would make the political union suggested by Col. Bryan and others particularly diffi- cult. But the struggle of both the Republicans and ' the Denfiocrats for the West contributes very largely to the political importance of less popu- lous sections of the country. The city gardener has to take into account a limited water supply along with the weeds and the bugs. Barney, Gene and Tom. Barney, Gene and Tom, the veteran fire horses, are to be pensioned, re- tired for the remainder of their days as honored public servants, pastured in ease and assigned only the light work of giving pleasure to the aged people 'THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, who live at the Blue Plains Home for the Infirm. That is the action of the District Commissioners, who have decided that, regardiess of the technicalities of the law, these horses must not be sold merely because their work in the Fire Department is ended. Had it been necessary to buy these horses to save them from the pessi- ble cruelties of private ownership and use in heavy hauling in their latter days there would have been no lack of funds. Already, upon the first suggestion that such a measure might be requisite to spare the Dis- trict the humiliation of an auction of the veteran fire hofses, generous subscriptions were offered to The Star. But the Commissioners have found a way to avoid this need, and the horses will go to Blue Plains as honored guests. The passing of the fire horses from active public service will be marked by a céremony, which will have its cheering significance to the people of this city. These three veterans are to be once more harnessed to a fire wagon, the alarm sounded, and they will go forth as they did of yore, but not to gallop through the streets to reach the scene of a fire in the quick- est possible time, In obedience to the instinct that has endeared all the Barneys and Genes and Toms of city fire departments the country over to millions of people. They will wear wreaths of flowers, and they will parade in public view thus dec- orated. These are changing times, and many old institutions are passing. The fire horse has had his day, but the veterans of the service are be- loved and it is well thus to honor them for the sake of their fidelity and service in the past. Perhaps they will be consclous of the part they are playing and of the affectionate regard in which they are held by the people of the community. At any rate, let there be cheers for Bar- ney and Gene and Tom when they make their last run, to the pasture at Blue Plains, and the company and the service of their fellow veterans who are ending their days there. ————— If Canada can preseat & plan for enabling the natural product to com- pete with manufactured ice, she should be encouraged to undertake unrestricted management of the Noeth Pole. ————— Dispensing with outdoor bathing facllities is an easy matter during the Winter months, owing to the fact that the gift of imagination is not & very usual human attribute. ————————— e Co-eds are competent competitors in the classroom, on equal terms. On the campus the influence of moon- light gives the feminine student a certain sentimental advantage. —_—————— Meager news from Russia leaves it in doubt whether Trotsky has been restored as a political power or only reinstated as a member of the Soviet publicity staff. It may become necessary for Pres ident Hindenburg to offer suggestions to the Hohenzollerns that they refrain from expressions which might em- barrass the administration. —————————— The ruthless persons who under- took to kidnap movie stars ought to become great film attractions if prop- erly exploited. z oot Clarence Darrow is willing to come to the defense of the alleged. ances- tral Simian, even though he {s not threatened with capital punishment. — e Several U. 8. Senators intimate that they value their presiding of- ficlal as a parliamentarian more than they do as a recanstructor. ———— It Harry Thaw is as liberal in his disbursements to farm hands as he was in tips to waiters he ought to produce some record-breaking crops. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Laws and Customs. Again we're called upon to pause And pass & further list of laws, Although we've some, it has been said, That even lawyers haven't read. ‘With all these statutes on the shelves, ‘We really should behave ourselves. It half of them we strictly heed We will be very good indeed! Timorous Evasion. “What do you think of the current fashions?" “I haven't & word to say on the subject,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I'm afraid to agitate it for fear some of my ognstituents will demand that 1 try to regulate 'em by proposing an amendmefit to the Constitution.” Contributed by a Motorist. Hall to the new police who lend A word of counsel firm, And try to treat you as a friend, And not as some poor worm! Jud Tunkins says Solomon was a great builder, his wisdom being such that even back in those days he saw the possibilities of the real estate business. Relief. Two wicked citles, long ago, Included this among their rules: “The rich alone henceforth may know The joy of Summer bathing pools.” And when the rain in torrents dropped Old Noah called his crew to him And when the rain in torrents dropped Old Noah called his crew to him. From taking an exclusive swim.” Mental Agitation. “Do you belleve in Darwin or the Book of Genesis?" “I used to believe in both,” an- swered Miss Cayenne. “I don't know how I shall feel about the matter after the professional disputants have handled it for a while.” “I has my doubts,” said Uncle Eben, “’bout a rabbit's foot bein’ lucky. But dar ain’ no question whatever in my mind ‘bout de hind. foot of & mule bein® & hoodoo,” THIS AND THAT | BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “Has the devil a cat?" inquires L. - H. “If not, that is another point in favor of our favorite.” Interest in the animal friends of mankind, especially the cat and dog, continues unabated by the hot weath- er, it I may judge from letters sent me by_readeris of this column. It s a pleasure to select three of them for presentation here today, two from friends of cats, one from a friend of dogs. This interest in these furred creatures is of particular point at this time of the year, when they should be kept clean and cool, free from fleas and given plenty of water. I have often thought that I should like to tell you how very much I en- Joy your articles in The Star, especial- ly your cat tales,” says the writer above quoted. “‘But it remained for yutlwlg. hero of This and That in The Sunday Star, May 24, to be the cata- pult to stir me to this long deferred action. “"The faithfulness of a dog is a won- derful thing, and Benator Vest's eu- logy a masterpiece most convincing, yet one cannot altogether admire a na- ture 80 void of seli-respect as to lick the hand that smites; grovel and fawn at the foot that kicks; follow persist- ently when stoned and told to go. “A cat is too proud and too sensitive to stay where not wanted or well treated, and is apt to scratch back when 1ll treated; all of which sounds an answering chord in my own na- ture.” The cat Ludwig, it will be remem- bered, was admitted to the John Dick- son Home, and when his former own- er came to visit him, refused to look at him. The owner termed this base ingratitude. But listen to L. T. H.: “So if Ludwig needs another excuse for not killing the fatted mouse on the occasion of the ‘old man's’ visit, here is one: “Catechetically speaking, the ques- tion is, would any human being with the category of reasoning at his command—after sharing the bed and board of a companion for 10 long years—be tickled at the catastrophe of being torn from old associations and left in a strange place among strangers? Answer—He would not. How then could a poor cat—not even a catechumen in the first principles of reasoning—be supposed to under- stand and purr politely (a la human) pleasure he did not feel? “Think, too, of the insult of a meat offering when one is hungry only for a home and the old comaraderie. Meat, even though it were present in the flesh but was not, is not a cata- plasm for wounded feelings. *“No wonder poor Ludwig—I presume Beethoven is his middle name—looked past and beyond this erstwhile pal Wwithout recognition. No doubt he was in a sort of catelepsy trying to recall a half-forgotten back fence moonlight sonata to soothe his sav- age breast and prevent his heart from breaking at what he thought the ‘old man’s’ inhumanity to cats, “Meat, bah! A sop may be effec. tively thrown to Cerbeus, the devil's dog, but not & self-respecting cat. By the way, has the devil a cat? If not, that is another point in favor of our favorite.” * % % x C. K. H. of Cincinnati, referring to the article on the District dog pound, wrote: “Kind Friend of Our Dumb Friends: “Please may I express to you my grateful appreciation of the article you had in The Star tonight. The deep, underlying sense of justice, the protective instinct and the often la- tent love for our poof dumb friends would be awakened to come to the rescue of many a man, woman and child’s thoughtlessness and careless- ness if your excellent article could be read by them. Would you give me the privilege to send the article on to our Sunday editor of the Enquirer? It may encourage some of us who have struggled so persistently to start and maintain a shelter for the The rare affection of the Nation for the late Thomas Riley Marshall, Vice President of the United States for eight years, is disclosed by the trib- utes to his services and to his per- sonal qualities published the country over since his death. From coast to coast and from Gulf to Lakes has | come the chorus of approval of his unusual career—his human qualities, philosophy, wit, justice, courage and public service. “There passed from the scene of the world’s actlvities the other day,” says the Lansing State Journal in a typical summing up of Mr. Marshall's character, “that rarest of individuals, the man who could hold high public office with credit to himself and at the same time keep his sense of humor, his humility and his faith in the simple essentials of life— Thomas Riley Marshall, twice Vice President of the Nation. Regardless of party affillations, there are few Americans who did not hold a kindly place in their hearts for him. A simple philosophy was his, but he was not lacking in ability for the handling of big problems, and he had a saneness and a dislike for pretense which endeared him to the common folks.” Referring to his eight years as Vice President, “the first of that office since Calhoun to succeed him- self,” the Harrisburg Telegraph adds, “he’ held the regard and of the people throughout the trying eight years, largely by reason of his shrewd common sense and his friendly attitude toward all who came in con- tact with him Of all the fine bits of homely philoso- phy for which he was famous, per- haps the most quoted is, “What this country needs more than anything else is a good 5-cent cigar.” Calling Marshall a “‘real American,” the Stoux City Tribune says of this expression, uttered in a time of long-winded con- gresslonal debate, “No academic state- ment in behalf of a return toward normaley could have made the situa- tfon more clear or more impressive.’ And the Cincinnati Times-Star adds, “We will not be around to verify the truth of our prediction, but we suspect it will live as long as Patrick Henry's ‘Give me liberty or give me death.’ We are going to be a bit of the Philistine and say we think Marshall's state- ment the better of the two.” * ok ok K The conspicuous quality of Mr. Marshall’s philosophy and religion im- pressed the country. “Those who lack philosophy are never great, never any- where near it; “Tom’ Marshall was a philosopher and therefore an oul standing statesman and -publicist” is the opinion of the Atlantic City Union. “The philosopher in politics” is the title bestowed by the Knoxville Sen- tinel. “The kindly philosopher. who could see beneath the surface and in- terpret human motives,” observes the Seattle Times. “A philosopher in a popular vein, with the gift of homeli- ness in speech and manner,” as the Albany Evening News sees him, he one who “lived the philosophy and re- ligion he professed. words of, the Springfleld, Ohlo, News, “Marshall’s life was that of the average man and woman of the Nation who live to do good deeds, not to assume too much, and to keep the faith which is the evidence of its pos- . He was a maker of was, according to the Miami- News,’ D. C, THURSDAY, JUNE 11, 1925. four-legged walfs of Cincinnati streets to pluck up courage to make another attempt. “We did succeed in having a private shelter last Winter, but as It always is dependent on a few people, and these few are often limited as to time and finances, we had to close it In the Spring, probably mainly because of lack of trustworthy attendants at the shelter. “True, we have a dogpound, but I have never gone there, although one of our members visited it every week and redeemed two dogs she selected, and for which she always secured good homes, I could not punish my- self to go with her. I would have wished to take them all, and I knew that could not be. I would have been only more unhappy about them. That was rather cowardly, perhaps, but it is true. However, I am always car- rylng dogs home and caring for them and placing them in homes where I know they are cared for. “Over space 1 would consider it a privilege to grasp the hand of a man who by his pen can reach the hearts of his readers with his own love for our humble and loyal friend the doy and call attention to the daily possibili- ties and need of human kindness to- ward these dependents.” * X X % A. L. T. writes: “It always interests me and gives me pleasure to read your articles on the editorlal page of The | Star, and among the many referred to which especially please me are your articles about Jack Spratt, the cat, and those dealing with the subject of kindness and love for animals. “I love cats myself, and I generally find that the affection is returned, and I dare to fling down the gauntlet to anybody who says that cats are with- out the nature to love and to appre- clate those who show them true kind- ness and understanding. Sometimes fear, born of bad treatment, will make cats' turn on those who would help them. Well, are there not humans who are bitter and suspicious of all kindly advances because wretched ex- perience has led them to doubt that good exists in the human heart? “I like the fine understanding way in which you write of animi and 1 looked at my typewriter few minutes ago and I said to myself: 1 know I am a stranger to Mr. Trace- well, but no matter. I just feel that I must thank him for what he says in behalf of our dumb friends. And, also, I desire to extend my greetings and a rub-behind-the-ears to his ex- alted dignity, Jack Spratt. “lI am a Washingtonian born and my span of life in this Capital City is rendered more or less memorable, so far, by the sojourn in my famlly circle of various pets. Dogs, cats, birds, Including those lovable fiends called parrots. The list even includes a prairie dog, which dug its way into our city back yard, when we really lived in a good old house with a g0od old back yard, and nearly scared our stately gray cat, Jullus Caesar, into fits. ‘‘Also a mouse once made our home his own and_ remained with us for six mont He was such a mite of a shadow, coming and going, appear- ing and disappearing, that I christened him Peter Pan. He evinced his ap- preciation of our never trying to trap him, or hurt him, by saving the bits of bread which we used to place in a certain corner for him and hiding them in our shoes. Peter Pan died, 1 think, of acute indigestion, as he finally refused plain bread altogether when he could get cake. ““As & thild 1 used to play school with caterpillars and harmless garden denizens, marshaling them in rows, and I have been informed by aston- ished members of my family that ac- tually, without even hurting the smallest thing I handled, I somehow managed to weirdly train them in a way so that they stayed around until I dismissed them to their various back-yard homes." Public Faith in T. R. Marshall Yoiced From Coast to Coast matic sayings, he was, in the opinion of the Lynchburg News, one of ‘‘deep faith fn his religion, his country and his fellow man. “He had the rare faculty of pre- senting great truths and principles in such a way as to bring them home to multitudes,” declares the Indian- apolls News, in paying tribute to the famous son of Indiana. He had a mind “nourished on the grace and beauty and strength and sanity of the Bible,” says the Duluth Herald, while the Oakland Tribune recalls that he was “devoted to old-fashioned moral- ity and religion.” Dying as he did while reading the Bible, the Newark News adds, “It was a characteristic end to the simple career of a simple man. He “will live in according to the Memphis Scimitar; his “hold on the affections of the people is perhaps greater than that of any other Vice President,” in the judgment of the Fort Worth Star Telegram, and he was one of ‘“the best loved characters in public life in many decades,” - the Birming] sl.jl‘l' believea. “‘A mi the hearts of men,” ssionary of good 3 n country’s cordial respect and admlutlnn."qln the words of the New York Herald Tribune, and “made new friends and drew old ones closer as he ascended :gel T‘\l;lemn?m'h public serv- i Yy the Louisville * ok ok % Estimates of his public servi uniformly appreclatf: Ths“éa:tr: more Evening Sun: “His expressions of opinion were always fundamentally sound.” Passaic Herald: “He was of greater stature than_many of his political assoclates.” Des Moines Tri- bune: “He would have been a shrewd President if he had succeeded to the office.” Charlotte Observer: “His old- fashioned democracy made him great. Wichita Beacon: “About him raged no partisan strife; he will be mourned by the Nation.” Sacramento Union: ‘‘He showed during the war crisis that he knew how to serve.” Po , Oreg., Journal: “He was a great Vice Presi- dent. Flint Journal: “He was a stranger to the art of compromise be- tween virtue and wvice. Atlanta Journal: “His presénce itself was a power for truth and for good.” Cham-. paign News Gagette: “The American people admired him for his common sense, honesty, integrity and simplic- ity of habits. Baton Rouge, Louisi- ana, Press: “He never forgot that he was just one of us.” Providence Bul- letin: “He was content to play one part well. St. Paul Pioneer Press: “He exerted a vast influence upon the varty and the ad‘x.nallr&lszntlon." es are particularly to Mr. Marshall's “personal chnx'm'! by the Syracuse Herald, to his modesty by the Manchester Union and Hart- ford Times, to his human qualities by the Morgantown News Dominion and Ann Arbor Times-News, to his com- mon sense by the Roanoke World- News, to his old-fashioned democracy while he was yet “alive to modern thought” by the Charleston Post, to his wholesome influence by the New Orleans Tribune, to his gentlemanly traits and fairness by the Nashville Banner and Houston Chronicle, to his ;:.;xvmu-.\lty,gyt fi.‘:‘n De':rfi:t News, to his courage ock Island Argus and Salt City Deseret News, to his executive ability by the Buffalo News, and to his “profound respect for law” by the Utica Observer-Dispatch. THE NORTH WINDOW By Leila Mechlin. How much does a knowledge of art contribute to the pleasure of a Sum- mer holiday? This is a fair question. Summer is not the season of exhi- bitlons nor as a rule for visiting art galleries, therefore whatever pleas- ure is derived from this source at this time must be to a geat extent a by- product. Barrle, the playwright and novelist, has told us that the chlef end and aim of all art is to open the eyes to beauty. This I8 commonly interpreted as meaning beauty in the work of art itself, but it may well be given broader significance. Surely the great land- scape painters of the past century have taught us to see much more loveliness in the outdoor world than was seen before. How frequently on our Summer journeys we find our- selves exclaiming: “How like a Corot,” or “an Inness,” or “a Tryon.” Corot was essentially a romanticist. He loved the half light of early morn- ing and late evening, when his beloved native willows were partially shrouded in mist and more slivery and grace- ful than under the relentless glare of midday sunlight. Inness, on the other hand, taught us to see beauty in our own sun-steeped Midsummer landscape—the hot green fields, the heavy follaged trees—that subject which so many painters have declared unpaintable yet which he rendered with real appeal. Albert Groll was one of the first to show us the beauty of our Western desert, which John Van Dyck has desoribed so exquisitely in words. Then there are the painters of the sea—Winslow Homer, who has shown us the stern rockbound coast of Maine in all its grandeur; Emil Carlsen, who has painted the ocean in its most winsome, gracious moods; Woodbury, who has given us both epics of the sea and of mountain heights, suggesting to the thoughtful their similarity in unspeakable beauty. It was Childe Hassam who opened our eyes to the jewelllke quality of the rocks and the sea as they lay like a colorful mosalc under a blue, cloud- flecked sky. Murphy and Davis and Metcalf and Schofield have each dls- covered some new, unrecorded loveli- ness and manifested it to us. How much they have added to the enjoy- ment of the Summer holiday for those who have become their friends! LI Some of the modernists argue that art should no longer concern {tself with the copylng of nature. Very true; great art has never dome this. The grapes that were painted so well and the birds that were deceived and came and pecked at them, the picture of the rabbit hanging on the barn door that, through its realism, fooled the farm boy, were not great art. Art is interpretation, creation. Just as St. John Ervine sald that thé real test of greatness in a novel was whether or not it gave the reader a better under- standing of his fellow men, or life, so the test of gredtness in a work of art is its power to Interpret beauty in the world, to give added significance to that which we see. The great por- trait interprets character; the great landscape, nature:; the great still life painting, beauty in textures, relation- ship of color and tone, harmony and rhytkm. During the war one of our modern musiclans composed music which graphically set forth the noise of battle, its crash and thunder, the devastation wrought in the clatter of broken glass, the thud of falling stone —but this was not great music; it was imitation, amusing imitation. * xx % There are many people today who are attracted to a work of art without knowing why; Instinctively they are drawn to that which is good and re- pulsed by that which is poor, but they cannot explain elther, hence many suppose that merit in art is merely a matter of personal prefer- ence. Obviously, there is difference in taste, individually in choice, but all great art is buflt upon the same fun- damental principles, and a knowledge of these gives the key to understand- ing. There are a few simple rules which any one can learn—rules of composition, of color arrangement and of tone values—and once learned, they greatly add to one's pleasure, not only in looking at pictures, but in discover- ing beauty in nature. Said an artist looking across the water at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island: “There is a ready-made composition.” By which he gave emphasis to the fact that nature as a rule seldom produces a perfect picture. It is the business of the artist, as Sir Alfred East used to insist, to complete nature’'s inten- tion. %% It is the necessity of accepting na- ture as he finds it which constitutes one of the greatest handicaps of the pictorial photographer. Unlike the painter, he may not move a tree this way or that in order to balance his he may not leave out he must find precisely the right point of view and then pa- tiently await the ideal combination of light and atmosphere to register on his plate the loveliness of the scene which he has discovered. One pictorial photographer told a friend that in or- der to secure a plate setting forth a particular ocean headlight he had had te wait weeks and stand for hours until finally that which had happened once bappened again. With care in composition and a little study in the matter of light and shade, the amateur photographer can accomplish wonders and bring back from a holiday trip some real works of art. *x o x Whistler is credited with sayin, that “art happens,” but it dou’:mi happen all by itself; back of it in. variably is sensitive perception and skillful rendition. Whistler perhaps, more than any other, realized this fact. To him early came the com- prehension that art was not a mere copying of nature, but interpretive. He was, of course, marvelously en- dowed with genius; whatever he did was indicative of art from the merest £ketch to the most elaborate painting, or, indeed, the decoration of the great Peacock Room. But it was the way it was done which signified. It was not because his prints and his pic- tures were 80 likeé the places that they represented, but because they showed us those places with a charm that we had not seen before, that they are now accounted great. Who can ever see thé things that Whistler painted without thinking of Whist. ler? His impress is upon nature— upon those subjects which he chose for interpretation. So it is that the artist is greater than the man, * k k% “How interesting!” Some one ex. claimed; “I never thought of that before!” This referred to something spoken, but it might equally well have applied to the work of an artist. Ofttimes the artist, as well as the author, makes us think, opens to the mind new avenues: indeed this thought-provoking quality of great art is in large part the reason why pictures are by .turns restful and fatiguing. You cannot look at pic- tires and do anything else—not even knit; they require'undivided atten- tion. But they reward it; nothing is a better re for mental fatigue. They have the power to take us out of ourselves and to unknown worlds" they have the power to reveal, to in- spire. All of which goes to show, if snything can, that a knowledge of 8rt, opening our eyes to beauty which 13 around us, is a very definite and valuable asset for a profitable and enjoyable Summer vacation. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIG J. HASKIN Q. What team will play at Wash- ington on'the 4th of July?—R. G. R. A. Our team Is scheduled to play at Boston on” July 3. S Q. Which costs more—a street car or one of the double-deck busses?— J. A 8. A. Ths modern street cars cost from $12,000 to $14,000, while the double- deckers cost about $13,000. The single-deck busses cost about $9,000. Q. Is it good form for men other than ex-service men to wear wrist watches’—G. L. R. A. It is correct for any man to wear a wrist watch. The fact that s0 many men were in the service during the World War and bought wrist watches then accounts for their general use. Q. How many people go to the New York City Zoo?—C. M. A. In June of 1924 the turnstiles registered more than 75,000 admis- sions in one day. Q. What bridge is meant in “I stood on the bridge at midnight"?—A. V. A. Most authorities agree that the bridge to which Longfellow referred in his poem by this title is one over the Charles River at Cambridge. Q. Is there anything that will melt glass instead of breaking it?—A. G. A. Glass can be dissolved slowly in solutions of alkall and acld. A mixture of hydrofluoric and sulphuric acids will dissolve it rapidly, but the hydrofiuoric acid is very poisonous, produces severe burns and should never be used without exceedingly great care and even then only after explicit instructions as to methods of handling. Q. When was the Columbus Monu- ment of the Union Station Plaza, Washington, dedicated?—M. L. B. A. The monument was erected by the Government. On February 4, 1908, the site of the Union Station Plaza was selected. The actual work was started October 26, 1911. Mr. Lorado Taft was the sculptor of the memorial. The monument was completed in June, 1912, and unvelled June 8 by thé Italian Ambassador. The entire cost was $86,471.89. Q. In England does each shire con- trol its jail or prison?—N. E. A. A. All prisons are under control of the general government which as- sumed this duty through act of Par- liament, 1878. Q. What birds can be coaxed into birdhouses in southern California?— A. The Biological Survey says that some of the birds that will occupy houses there are the barn owl, flicker, house finch, violet-green swallow, house wren, titmouse and blue bird. Q. How many times does the pulse beat in a minute’—A. R. W. A. The average normal pulse is sald to fall between 70 and 80 beats a minute. It is interesting to note that Napoleoni's pulse was said to be 40 per minute. Q. In what country {8 smoking most general among women?—T. L. W. B. A. Smoking 1is almost universal among Russian women and it is probable that among the white nations that country has the most woman smokers. Q What is a lucid star?—W. V. N. A. It is one which is visible to the naked e. The lucid stars are di- vk‘!ied ll’r{o six classes, called magni- tudes. . Q. Which is stronger, a moose or an elk?—C. K. A. The Blological Survey says that | Frohman. of the American- species the moose is stronger than the elk. Q. Is Semiramis a historical char. acter?—N. A. A. She does not appear In history. She was the goddess of war and of love and the fabled Queen of Assyria. Q. Can wives of soldlers be burled at Arlington?—H. E. G. A. Wives of veterans of the Civil War are entitled to burial in the National Cemetery and their burfal can precede the veteran's. Action would be determined by the individual case in regard to the burial of wives of Spanish-American War Veterans preceding that of veterans. The burial of the wife of a World War veteran cannot precede that of the veteran. In case a soldier is burled in the National Cemetery and it is antici pated that his widow wishes to be burled in the same grave with him, arrangements are made with the War Department that the grave be made deep enough in order that a second casket may be placed upon the sol- dier’s casket in the same grave. Q. Is there helium in any quan- tity outside of Texas?—G. L. G. A. The richest hellum section in northern Texas and in the sur- rounding area of 200 or 300 miles, taking in Kansas and Oklahoma. It is found in this section in quantities sufficient for extraction is Q. What was the distance and time of the Shenandoah's flight in October last year?—N. S. M A. The Shenandoah was away from Lakehurst, N. J., 18 days, or 448 hours. In that time she flew 8,100 miles. Q. What Indians inhabited the sect tion of Pennsylvania which is now Pike County?—H. H. R. A. The Bureau of American Eth. nology says that the earliest known inhabitants of what is now Pike ty, Pa., were the Minisink, a subt of the Munsee, who, in tu: were part of the great Delaware Nation. Q. Within what period of time must a census enumerator take a census? —S. E. B. A. In compiling the population sta tistics in city districts two weeks’ time is the limit, and in rural districts 30 days’ time is the limit. Q. Should a wife's card appear on the letter box or door of the apart- ment?—E. T. A. It is customary to use the hus- band’s card in tbe space provided for the name. Q. Please quote what Charles Froh- man said when he knew that he would drown on the Lusitania.—D. W. R. A. Isaac Marcosson, in his biogra- phy of Charles Frohman, says that Frohman loved “Peter Pan” the best of all the Barrie plays which he pro- duced. “Curlously enough, it was lit. tle Peter who gave him the cue for his now historic farewell as he stood on the sinking deck of the Lusitania. At the end of one of the acts the little boy says, ‘To die will be an awfully big adventure.’ These words had al- ways made a deep impression on They came to his mind as he stood on that fateful deck and said: ‘Why fear death? It is the most beautiful adventure In life." " (Readers of The Eventng Star should send their questions to The 8tar Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Twenty-first and O streets northwest. The only charge for this service is 2 cents in stamps for return postage.) BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Next Sunday will be the birthday of the American flag. That birthday is officlally known as Flag day, when all patriotic Americans will show special honors to Old Glory. It has been un- officially suggested that there should be a week, instead of one day, for such honoring of the Natlon’s symbol. By other suggestions, emphasis is put upon the genuineness and whole- heartedness of the one-day observ- ance. It is always desirable upon the approach of a birthday, to prepare for its recognition in advance. * k¥ ‘Who is Old Glory? Why should the flag of the youngest world power be designated as “old”? It is not a term of reproach, but of endearment. A typlcal Yankee gave it that name— Capt. Willlam Driver, who in 1831 was about to sail in command of the brig Charles Doggett. As the flag ‘broke out into the breeze the captain looked up, and with the inspiration of his enthusiastic admiration he ex- claimed: “There flles ‘Old Glory'!” Always thereafter he was known as “0Old Glory Driver,” for he persisted in calling the flag by that inspired name. After he retired from service on the sea, he took up his home in Nashville, Tenn., where the Southern secession found him, and fearing that the original “Old Glery" might be cap- tured, he sewcd it within a comforter and slept throughout the war beneath its protecting Stars and Stripes. When Grant was able to say: “Let us have peace,” “Old Glory” was again swung to the breezes in Nashville, and Capt. Driver exclaimed: “Now that ‘Old Glory’ is up there, gentlemen, I am ready dle.” * % % But “Old Glory” has a clear his- torical right to the name, for it out- ranks in seniority of age every other fiag in the world. Its birthday was June 14, 1777. The present flag of Spain dates from 1785; that of France from 1794, of Great Britain from 1801, of the Republic of Italy from 1848, of Japan from 1859. Those mentioned are the oldest flags in the world, Old Glory the senjor and doyen of them all. Where are the imperial flags of Russia, Germany and Austria? In the language of Admiral Schley at Santiago, “There's glory ‘enough for all A short time before the United States entered the World War there was a patriotic demonstration in Boston, and standing upon a side- walk with a group of young friends, a pert young girl sneered at the flag with the attempted wit It looks just like a stick of candy!" The re- mark was overheard by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, sitting in a parked car, and he retorted: ‘Yes, young lady. but if so, it hn. n:va: y:t been licked.” Gloery enough for all! It has led America ever to bless the world by freeing the oppressed, by defending the weak, by preserving the Union of the greatest Republic in history of civilized governments, by opening Japan to world opportunity amongst the great powers, by befriending China, by protecting Cuba and Venezuela and other nations of this hemisphere, by rescuing the allled nations from certain defeat by a would-be world conqueror. That flag was the first to be planted at the North Pole 14 years ago. It has never yet been defeated in its de- fense of the right and justice, nor been tarnished leadership In an un- worthy, selfish or tyrannical cause. is the voice and soul of American AIOREE Doetes. a rudie of drums. Amo‘:v.?wmmmm; % The passing by. * % ¥ ¥ Hats off? Upon every occasion of a patrictic parade In" every city of America, not excepting the National Capital, all hats are not off as the flag is passing by. There is a penalty for insulting the flag by tearing it from its staff or dragging it in mire or otherwise showing contumely, but there is no legal penalty attached to the insult of failure to salute the em- | blem of the ideals of the Nation. Amer- icans make more ado about their fla, than do other nations so far s it s used or misused in decorations, for its broad stripes and bright stars” lend themselves to decorative effects. Old qlory as recognized in the Army and Navy and in official usage is never a decoration; it is a definite symbol. It stands for all that the forces are de- fending, it leads in every advance, it l{ defended with the lifeblood of the Nation's patriots. ... Today there is not merely apathy as ‘the flag is passing by,” but there is systematic, organized effort to add to the disregand of all that it stands for. There are free schools in Minneapolis and elsewhere, supported by unknown interests, teaching enmity to “Old Glory.” These forces are not confin- ing thelr efforts to besmirch the American flag, but are conducting a world campaign to foment treason in every country against organized peace. They break out into the open by assassination of high officials—in Egypt, in Serbia, attempted murder of the King of Spain, incitement to civil war in China, not only to overthrow its government, but to arouse warfare agalnst all foreigners so as to embroil the nations of the world in the Chi- nese battles and perhaps in conflict between each other, to bring world anarchy and_confusion. Henry of Navarre bade his follow- ers to rally around his white plume as he plunged into the thick of battle. Civilization lifts high its banners and patriots are crying everywhere: Fa el s e 2 oo * X ok x The rallying about the flag, which patriots declare must come now, does not end with flaunting it in decora- tion, but in recognizing the peril of the propaganda to betray it to dis- order and treason. The sovietism which undertakes to “bore from with- in," whether in China or America, is making special efforts to reach the impressionable vouths, as reported by patriotic organizations. Not only col- lege students, but h school boy: and girls are organized into “forums, societies and social clubs, where so- cialiem and internationalism are taught and breathed in all the atmos- phere. S8imilar organizations exist in England, Hungary, China, Japan and India, where it is taught as an ad- vanced modern cult that “there is a higher alleglance than that to one's country and youth must take a stand against war.” When youth the world over comes to this decision not to take any part in wars, then wars will end.” It is not added that “then govern- ments will cease, also, and might of bullies will supersede law and order.” For while ths rabble, with its thumb-worn, s, Its great professions and uu‘.vmfi?. S erites 10, Feoetom romne, Nfls n;Lu the world and waiting ]\IIIFLS “The Young Workers' e,” ac- cording to Mrs. John D. Sherman, president of the General Federation of Women's Clubs, is sponsored by the Junior Internationale, a branch of the Moscow government, and, “by instill- ing the germ of communism in the minds of young Americans the Soviet govérnment hopes to weaken the American form of government.” It has been suggested that it would be inconsistent for such youths, seeking to undermine patriotism, to show mor to the flag of their fathers and r (Copyright, 1928, by Paul V. Collina