Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 12, 1954, Page 8

Inter-American News for English- > Speaking people he ff For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI, FLA., W THE AMERICAS DAILY Published by THE AMERICAS FUBLISHING COMPANY G. A. SAN ROMAN S. SMITH President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Editor and Manager abs FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor William H. Scharrer Ralph B. Ross Head of Circulation Dept. Head of Advertising Dept. EDITORIAL J. EDGAR HOOVER ‘A man who has led a life marked by patriotism, organization and discipline has just completed thirty years of service as head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. He has spent that time during years which first saw a belated peace, the rise and out break of World War II and then the so-called “cold war.” The history of those years have seen the political stability of the United States reach new heights. As one of the components of such social stability, the element of justice is an indispensable one, and as head of the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover has done his utmost to protect American society against the malefactors who would prey on it. Because of the leardership provided by its di- rector, the FBI has attained great prestige in this country where every householder and businessman recognizes and depends on the alertness and watch- fulness of FBI agents for his personal safety. Because of the turn taken by world events, the United States has seen itself tested in a severe crucible in view of its position as the foremost of Western powers. During the course of World War II the FBI was entrusted with the gathering and évaluation of information in regard to subversive activities. It was a vast undertaking on the part of the FBI to track down and trap the enemy agents who were intent on undermining the nation’s se- curity. The FBI, however, spread its activities over wide ranges, even operating abroad in accordance with terms of treaties underwritten by the United States. Here in the Western Hemisphere the agency cooperated efficiently with its counterparts in the neighboring countries of Latin America. The FBI fended off many dangers lurking around with the Americas as their intended victim and ‘it promoted friendship for the U. S. to the south, Except for the timely action of the FBI many families in the Amer- jcas would have been plunged into mourning because of the loss of loved ones. In conjunction with observance of the anniy- ersary just celebrated by J. Edgar Hoover, The Americas Daily wishes to join with many other well wishers in expressing its admiration of the loyal, unflinching service which Mr. Hoover has been proy- iding the U. S. and the Americas. BEGINNERS’ SPANISH BY G. B. Palacin Professor of the University of Miami, Fla. A qualifying adjective usually follows the noun it modifies. Ex: ‘wn dia hermoso a beautiful day un arbol grande a big tree Some qualifying adjectives may precede the noun for reason of style. Ex.: una flor hermosa er una hermosa flor a beautiful flower Some adjectives have a different meaning if they precede or follow the noun. Ex.: un hombre pobre un pobre hombre un hombre grande un grande (or gran) hombre un libro nuevo un nuevo libro a poor (penniless) man a poor (unfortunate) man a big (tall) man a great (important) man a new book another book The adjective precedes the noun if the quality indicated is inherent. Ex.: la blanca nieve white snow el duro hierro hard iron LA FAMILIA (The Family) (el) padre father (la) madre mother (el) hermano brother (la) hermana sister (el) hijo son (la) hija daughter (el) abuelo grandfather (la) abuela grandmother (el) nieto grandson (la) nieta granddaughter (el) tio uncle *_ ° (la) tia aunt SUBSCRIBE TO THE AMERICAS DAILY |Government Workers Unpaid in Guatemala GUATEMALA CITY —(UP)— Six hundred laborers working on the government-sponsored High- way to the Atlantic went on strike yesterday demanding payment of six weeks back wages which they maintain are due them. |Full Report on Coffee to be Made WASHINGTON —(UP)— A spokesman for the Inter-State Commerce Commission said that a full report on the sudden rise of coffee prices which took place this year will be sent to the Presi- dent and Congress early next month. “The commission has made a thorough investigation and the re- port will be completed within the time limit set”, the spokesman said. The investigation began toward the end of January. NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ VENEZUELA. By comparison with other Spanish possessions, no- was among the poorer of theSpan- ish colonies. Pearls constituted the first source of wealth that the Spaniards found in Venezuela. However, the pearl fisheries, which for a time ‘netted the Span- ish Crown huge sums of money, were gradually exhausted., The co- lonists who penetrated the interior were disappointed in their search for the mythical treasures of “El Dorado” (the gilded chieftain), and they turned to farming and stock raising, which for more than three centuries constituted the ba- sis of the national economy. As a result of the discovery of petro- jleum in 1914, Venezuela’s basic jagricultural economy has been in the process of transformation dur- ing the last three decades. Today, Venezuéla’s slogan “Sow the Pe- troleum” is the keynote of an ambitious program sponsored by the National Government to uti- lize the wealth derived from the oil industry to diversify the econo- my, and thus to end its traditional dependence upon two major agri- cultural export commodities, co- fee and cacao. Venezuela is today the world’s second largest produ- cer of oil and the world’s leading exporter of that vital war-time, as well as peace-time, commodity. The petroleum. industry has ena- |bled Venezuela to achieve a bal- |anced budget, with oil revenues | supplying 60 to 75 percent of its jincome; a favorable balance of | trade, with oil supplying 90 to 98 |per cent of its foreign exchange; a low income tax rate; an enor- mous foreign trade, rapid indus- trial growth and broad national development with important — so- |years national income has more than doubled and real income per person has risen almost 50 per cent. between eleven and twelve per cent of total world reserves, out- side of the Soviet Union and its satellites. The total investment in the industry is placed at more than two and a half billion dollars. Al- though oil is produced in eastern Venezuela, the western fields have always been the most productive. The Maracaibo basin is today the major source of oil on the South American continent and one of the chief producing areas of the world. Although concessions. were granted and exploration begun as early ‘as 1878, the first major dis- covery of oil came in 1914, when the Mene Grande field was disco- vered east of Lake Maracaibo by the Caribbean Petroleum Compa- ny, a subsidiary of the Shell Com- pany. The important Quiriquire field was discovered in eastern Ve- nezuela by the Standard Oil Com- pany in 1928, after seven years of exploration and an expenditure of almost fifty million dollars. Last year there were 11,296 oil produc- ing wells in Venezuela: 7,515 in the western part, and 3,781 in the eastern portion of the country. These wells are operated by 12 dif- ferent companies, of which the largest producers are the Creole Petroleum Corporation, subsidiary of the Standard Oil Company; the Royal Dutch Shell Group, and the Mene Grande Oil Company. Dur- ing the past 35 years a farsighted partnership has been worked out between the Venezuelan Govern- ment and the United States, Bri- nies, which has been of mutual benefit to all. Spanish Version Pag. 3. —e ron 5 tably Peru and Mexico, Venezuela | cial benefits. During the last 15 | ty received VENEZUELA'S proven oil re-| to start arriving for the conven. serves are estimated to constitute | tish and Dutch petroleum compa- | SMATHERS URG LATIN NATIONS ALLIES OF THE DA Y 12, 1954. A For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity “NUMBER 259 ARE FOREMOST UNITED STATES ———_0. Floridian calls for wiser policy to offset competition from Europe in Latin America ——_—_—_-0. WASHINGTON —(UP)— ator Geroge A. Smathers of F da told his colleagues in the te that the U. S. the Latin American nations as its foremost allies and that those na- tions should be treated as such The Florida senator, who is a member of the foreign and in- ter-state commerce committee, asserted that the U. S. should replace its “honorable, but ex- hausted” Old World allies with the “vigorous New World na- tions” so as to keep Communist aggression away from the West- ern Hemisphere. “Tf it isn’t too late,” Smathers said, “we must raise our Latin American neighbors to the role of most favered and most appreciat- ed alli The senator noted that a Com- munist beachhead had already been apparently established in the Latin American area, and he urg- ed swift action so that a closer Sen- ori- na- ‘alliance could be effected among the Western Hemisphere nations. He also urged the U. S. govern- ment to place Latin America in the forefront in any of its diplo- matic ana foreign aid programs. Senator Smathers stated that in the U. S.° latest aid program an nouncement only 47 million dol- lars had been assigned to Latin America, while 947 million had been allecated for the European area, 569 million for Africa and | $1,768,000,000 for the Far East and Pacific areas. should consider | soon be involved in one— there is! nothing like having the neighbors on our side”, the Floridian said. Smathers admitted, however, that the hadn’t deliberately given up helping Latin America. “The nations of Europe”, he went on to , “are getting the better of us in Latin American markets, because while we are helping them with our money they are selling to our best customers. Smathers feels that the U. S, isn’t using the facilities of the Export-Import Bank to the ex- tent that it might. He said that the bank represents the U. S. most powerful means of en- couraging trade with Latin America because of the bank’s lending services. He said that because United States exporters were unable to offer loans on terms as good as or better than those offered by the British, the Brazilian airline Panair do Brasil had been obligat- ed to purchase all its fleet of mo. dern planes from Great The senator said that the lian rail line Central do had also bought train from the British for the reason. He emphasized that Chile, Peru and Colombia —also because of loan difficulties— had been fore- ed to buy goods in other markets. The senator ended by saying: “Venezuela, one of the U. S.’ best friends, and a country that pays |eash for all its needs, purchased Bra: Brasil coaches same Britain, | ES FRIENDSHIP OF L Dulles Exposes Strike in as Proof of International Maneuver ATINS Honduras Recent installation of Guatemalan consulates in troubled areas is an interesting coincidence, Sec. of State says |SUSPENSION OF TAX |'ON COPPER EXTENDED | | WASHINGTON —(UP)— The House ways and means committee jhas given its approval to a bill | which would suspend for two more | years the collection of an addition- | |al two-cent tax on imported cop- | per. | Collection of the levy was first suspended during World War I, |the result being that it has never decision is reached to suspend it once more, the tax will go into effect for the first time on July 1. | The bill presently under discus- sion contains a safety clause adop- ted two years ago where by the President could lift the suspension provided the average price of elec- trolytic copper over a month pe- riod fell below the level of 24 cents a pound, Electrolytic copper is currently selling for 29.5 and 30 cents a pound. Since December, 1953, Chi- lean copper has been selling at Commerce Department _ repre- sentatives told the House commit- |tee that although domestic copper production has increased an aver- age of 41 per cent in comparison | with the average figure for the |period of 193: , domestic con- sumption has increased to take “In the Americas are our ap-|3 destroyers and 32 jet planes in|care of current needs. preciated friends —our tried and true friends. When we are engag- ed in a real fight— and we may Great Britain after negotiations to | buy the same goods in the United States had fallen through.” | The bill will be brought up for discussion by the House within one or two weeks. LATINS FAVORABLY IMPRESSED BY SOUND U.S. ECONOMIC POSITION |Financists ‘meeting in Washington also stress the are already flooded. | 2. ‘in banking matters for Anti-Red Meet tnitcd'stsir ta: steady recover | Good Attendance Seems Assured MEXICO CITY— (UP)— The Mexican People’s Anti-Communist Front has reported “the greatest success” for two of its committees busy sending out invitations to prominent hemispheric organiza- tions and personages for attend-} ance at the first convention to deal with the problem of Soviet inter- vention in Latin America. “Our' missions have been kind- everywhere in Latin America, “a spokesman for the movement asserted,” and in view of their acceptance of the invita- tion, delegates are soon expected tion to be held from March 27 to | 29. Among those accepting tions, the spokesman said, are the Bolivian intellectual, | Federico Nielson Reyes; a Brazilian admi- ral, Carlos Penna Botto; a former Argentine chargé d'affaires in Moscow —Andres de Cieco; a Chi-| lean senator, Eduardo Frei Mon- talvo, and many more, The committee which is touring the Caribbean and Central Ame- rican area is headed by Manuel | Salazar by Arce, while the one traveling in the South American | area is headed by a newsman, Flo- rencio Avila Sanchez, who was re- cently expelled from Guatemala. invita- | economic improvement of various American nations; rhe companysaid that | ——0. | WASHINGTON -(UP)- A Co- |lombian government bank official said here that a prevailing impres- sion among hemispheric — experts is that the ed from the slight economic re- cession that it recently suffered. Dr. Antonio Alvarez Restrepo, manager of the Colombian Coffee Bank, made his impressions nown to newsmen in an_ inter- held in the Colombian em- He had been attending a hemispheric banking convention being held in Washington. The convention met all last week in the nation’s capital, with sessions due to start once again in New York this week. Dr. Restrepo emphasized that the economic recovery of the United States was of great impor- tance to the Latin American na- tions, 80 per cent of whose eco- nomies are dependent on that of the United States. The idea that the U. S. had re- covered from its recent economic recession was gleaned from state- ments made during meetings held |by specialists from the U. S. Fed- ‘eral Reserve System, the World Bank and the International Mone- \tary Fund. Restrepo pointed out, \however, that the specialists were very cautious in their statements. ‘Economic events here are of the utmost significance for our countries”, Restrepo said. He said that factors which could be taken as indicative of an upturn in business activity included an expansion in building, farm pro- duction and domestic and for- Protestant Schools Reopen in Colombia BOGOTA —(UP)— The minis-| Protestant families for the most try of education announced that | part. It also said that the inspec- it has allowed Protestant schools | tor of schools for the islands of on the islands of San Andres and | San Andres and Providencia, Fray Providencia to reopen, but that | Gaspar de Orihuela, ordered the | eign industrial sales. | Restrepo went on to say that |there was nothing to indicate prosp of a depression, but that specialists felt in general that if a slight downturn in economic ac- | tivity in the U. S. were to occur, |recovery would come in a short | while. | “Our impression was that the | statistics which the U. S. gave us during the conference were sound and that when the over-all econo- mic picture is looked at, it is much better than one might be lead to believe in accordance with isolat- ed figures,” Restrepo said. Another impression gleaned ~from the conference, according to Restrepo, was that the econo- mies of Latin American coun- tries were coming along better this year than they were last year. The Colombian said this was particularly true in the case of Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Guatemala and other cof- fee-growing countries of Central America, The economies of the remaining nations are also im- proving, even if not at quite so rapid a rate as in the case of the aforementioned group, while the Cuban and Venezuelan econo- mies are excellent. “The unanimous impression of the meeting was that the econo- mic policy followed by Colombia in recent years has represented a in which that country received its income and the prudent way in which it spent its budgeted _ re- sources. It appears to be the La- tin American country which best used the dollar funds which it de- rived from its exports and loans,” Restrepo said. He added that people attending the convention were particularly intrigued at how Colombia had managed to channel loans into in- creased farm production and pointed out that living costs had remained the same country actually been in effect. Unless a} approximately 30 cents a pound. | model as far as goncerns the way | schools will have to observe ry regulations in connec- tion with instruction in Spanish and the geography and history of Colombia. The current bulletin of the pre- sident's office of information and publicity contained a communi- qué from the ministry of educa- tion in regard to the problem. The note denied that the population of the islands is 90 per cent Pro- testant and said that out of the 1,856 children of school age 1, 233 are registered in publically supported schools and come from | private schools to close because | they didn’t offer courses in Span. ish and Colombian history and | geography, but instead taught En- glish and U. S. history and geo- graphy. The note said that the ministry was permitting the schools to re- open despite that situation, but with it understood “that they must observe the general regulations of the education ministry.” This wouldn’t prevent instruction in despite expanded production le- vels. “Colombia recieved good in- come from sales of its coffee, and | Restrepo said. In addition to the Colombian | National Bank and those repre- | sented by the U. S. federal reserve | system, there are banks represent- ‘ed at the convention from Argen- |tina, Bolivia Brazil, Canada, Chi- |le, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador Guatemala, Haiti, Hon- ‘duras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, it keeps its accounts up to date,” | WASHIN: -(UP)- °Se- cretary of State John Foster | Dulles told a news conference | here that there are indications that a general strike of United Fruit Co. workers in Honduras isn’t a purely domestic occur- rence. The secretary noted that the strike had occurred in an area in whicn Guatemala had recently installed three consulates. The consuls were subsequently asked to leave on the order of Hondu- ran officials. The secretary of state made his statement when asked by newsmen to comment on the strike which has paralyzed the operations of 25,000 United Fruit Co. workers in the north- ern part of Honduras. “Indications ar ut the so- called strike is nu. « purely do- mestic phemenon”, the secreta- ry said. He added that it was an interesting coincidence that the strike had broken out in an area to which Guatemala had recent- ly sent three of its consuls. Dulles mentioned that Hondu- ras had asked the consuls to leave the country because they were devoting themselves to ac- tivities contrary to the country’s best interests. FLOODS DAMAGING UFCO PLANTATIONS TEGUCIGALPA —(UP)— The strike being maintained by thou- sands of United Fruit: Co. banana plantation workers in Honduras has entered into its second week with the prospects of serious dam- age to planted areas because of | floods caused by torrential rains. | Company holdings in the dis |tricts of Monterrey and Mesapa many | workers who had remained at | work were obliged to support the | work stoppage. Up to now there seems to be little hope for a quick end to the strike which was caused by workers’ claims for higher wages and other matters of interest to them, Haya Calls for American Unity MEXICO CITY -(UP)- A group of Mexican and other Latin Ame rican intellectual figures here tendered a banquet in honor of ruvian political leader, and the thirtieth anniversary of the found ing of the Apra political party in Mexico. Haya de la Torre said that his po- litieal movement had been found- ed in Mexico City as a result of that “that revolution taught what the hemisphere ought to do, point- giving it a lesson.” The Aprista leader pointed out that the ideals of thirty years ago are still valid and that freedom is to be achieved thorugh democt with democracy and justice being the redeeming forces for the peo- ple. He said, “It is for this reason that we must protect human liber- ties —to achieve social and econo- mic justice— something which Eu- ‘rope has failed to achieved.” Among other important items touched upon in his address, Haya de la Torre urged the Americas to unite “in view of the present illogical, anachronistic disunity of the hemisphere”. A former president of Mexico —Emilio Portes Gil— said that Mexico had received Haya like one of its own sons and that many Mexicans who were loyal to Haya’s principles had come to attend the banquet. | In reference to the current world crisis and the effects of two world wars. Portes Gil said that “in the Americas, more than ten million square kilometers of territory have been subjugated by force, along with millions of peo- ple, and this is a blotch on the | Americas” He went on to say la- English so long as Spanish were the Dominican Republic and Vene- | ter that “there is still colonialism also taught. zuela. ‘in the Americas.” Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, Pe-! ing out the errors of its ways and | Lowest Coffee Surplus to be Faced Soon OO NEW YORK of lowered output UP) last according ~ Because and to for year | increased demand, | Horacio Leite, representative | the Brazilian Coffee Institute, Bra- | zil will soon be faced with its low- est coffee surplus in recent times. | Leite said that according to of- | ficial Brazilian statistics, the sur. | plus will not exceed 1,765,000 b: | This amcunt is approximately 40 |percent lower than that for last year and 60 percent lower than | that for 1951 which was a normal crop year for Brazil. The representative for the Bra |zilian Coffee Institute described ridiculous” reports which ap- peared in the papers to the effect |that the surplus would amount to 4 million bags, and he warned merchants of the possibility that “speculators might try to spread |ficticious statistics in order to |cause price fluctuations so that | they could benefit from that move- ment.” Speculation, Cintra Leite said, “gives a bad naae to the coffee trade and could very easily rise to higher prices that those which }come about as the result of the | forces of supply and demand.” According to Cintra Leite, the curtailed amount of stock on hand is due to the fact that exporta- |ble production for last year was a lot lower, while imports into the United States reached new heights. Leite said that during the first quarter of 1954 the U. S. imported |16,109,350 bags, or about 29 mil- | lion pounds more than during the j first quarter of last year, and signs |are that demand will not be any | low: | ‘Rumors that Peron is ill Denied by ‘Chicago Surgeon CHICAGO, -UP)— Thorek, surgeon-in-chief of the American Hospital of Chicago, said rumors that President Juan Peron of Argentina was seriously ill were “without foundation and completely false.” Dr. Max Thorek just returned from Bue- nos Aires where. he said, he gave | Peron a “very complete and most thorough physical examination” last. Thursday. Thorek was in Sao | Paulo, Brazil, for a meeting when jhe heard reports that Peron was seriously ill He saia he talked to the minister of health and was invited to exam- ine Peron He said Peron had nor- mal blood pressure and pulse and that his “mental and physical be- havior are enviable.” Thorek said rumors that Peron had suffered “serious nervous and | physical deterioration and was los- ing his power of concentration,” prompted an examination by Dr. James L. Poppen, neurological sur- geon from the Lahey Clinic in Boston. Poppen said Peron was like a “streak of lightning” and said he was surprised to find him so “rejuvenated.” Thorek visited Peron in 1950 when he studied the illness of the president's Late wife, Evita, Nicaraguan Newspaper Banned in Costa Rica —o-——_ MANAGUA —(UP)— The Cos- ;ta Rica government has hanned | circulation of the Nicar | paper Novedades and leign publications, it | here Novedades officials have protes- ted to the Inter-American Press | Association,