Evening Star Newspaper, August 15, 1937, Page 3

BATISHPROAAZ FACTON WORRED Correspondents’ Expulsion Seen as Bar to New Understanding. BY JACK BEALL. Brecial Dispatch to The Star. LONDON, August 14.—The shind over expulsion of three German jour- | nalists with rethliations proposed by Berlin, is disturbing the plans and hopes of the pro-Gerrhan section of the British ng class. Just when everything was going nicely, with the series of billets-doux exchanged between Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and Benito Mus- solini, just when there was a decided shift in the wind from a pro-French, pro-Soviet forelen program, toward & pro-dictatorship policy, this group finds cause to lament “why did this have to come up?” As a matter of fact, there is no great excitement about it here, even with the discovery of a nest of Nazi political ce the more devoted to observing lives of other German: gees, rather tt to pok: military and naval s on the man in the spies, s! Hies v refu- noses into the effect street is so far ere has been e of another c: Furor Over Press Freedom. Naturall the press here, as in Ger- many, fe 1 acke There is aa much furor over ireedom of the | press here as there is in America, al- though the actual freedom is a de- batable When as estimable & journa as Norman Ebbutt of the London Times is threatened with ex- | pulsion, then the Londc much rallies to the defense. When one has the London metro- politan press in full cry against the | Germans and conversely the whole of | the Nazi pregs in full cry against the | British, it is'hound to make for bad blood between the two countries. Thi telescope, largest in the world, t. The litlle telescope is us later CHICAGO, August 14 (NAN.A).— of those | ny and | anding. | . Eng- equired to stand aside, did whatever she Crechoslo- 1 Rus- there is prime That is the main worn ke to see Gern England com und By this und land would be while Germany wished in vakia, or pe It should be every reason 1o minister is or present time. at the foreign policy of pire. an of leas > is directing ish Em- Blunder Laid to Hoare. The whole thinz arose from what the pro-Nazi English regard as a blun- der by the home se ry, Sir Samuel Hoare. He nee ot have chosen this | moment, they feel, to expel the Ger- | man journalists, and thus to precipi- | h has led to news- paper drum in the two countries. | On the other hand, many of them | will admit that there was considerable | Nazi stupidity heaped on. After all, | it was not necessary for Dr. Goebbe! to pick on the Times, which had for on end, shown a dis- | tinct pro. 1 a liatory gesture. The whole orient toward Germa this episode may snag, is having a most remarkable | effect upon France. The chief ob-| stacle to buying Gemmany off is, natu- rally, the F; o-Seviet pact. While | there is ma d the closest mili- | tary alliance with France for safety's | sake against Ger v, there is Ss.]n} going on a policy of isolation of France from her other , chiefly the | Soviet. English diplomacy first strug- | gled to prevent the Franco-Soviet pact | and has since done as much as it | could to render it nugatory. Under | this type of undermining foreign pol- | icy, the French have all but lost their of policy | of which a brief tion in the wa prove only The chances are that the t rearmament, which has previously been thought of as against Germany, 1s, in fact and reality, a form of in- surance that Germany won't try any | adventure toward the west, and will | strictly confine herself to the east and | southeast of Europe. After Nazi-ism has intrenched herself there the prob- lem would have to be considered if British interests are being too much | assailed for peace between Germany and England (Copyright. 1037, bx New York Tribune, S e GREEK-AMERICANS MEET’ Head of Church in North and South America Speaks. SYRACUSE, Y., August 14 (P).— Belief that America has a great mis- &ion in the world to lead other nation: toward peace and better understand- ing was voiced here today by Arch- | bishop Athenagoras, head of the Greek | Orthodox Church in North and South America. ‘The prelate will take a leading part in the national convention of the Order of Ahepa, organization of Greek- Americans, which opens tomorrow. Leaders of the order met him on his arrival and he took part in a prepara- tory service for delegates tonight. Bill on Benefits In Future Wars Passed in Senate Veterans’ Aid Would Be as Large as That in World Conflict. By the Associated Press. The Senate passed and sent to the House yesterday legislation to give soldiers in future wars death and dis- ability benefits at least as large as those granted to veterans of the World War. ‘The proposal was introduced by Benator Reynolds, Democrat, of North Cartolina, of the Senate Military Com- mittee, when the committee was con- sidering anti-war profits legislation. The bill would affect only persons who may become disabled in the military or naval service in future wars and to dependents of those who may be killed. It would not provide a bonus, nor would it authorize non-service con- | nected disability payments. The committee said the legislation would tend to prevent war “by the consequent greater realization on the part of all citizens and taxpayers that there inevitably must be a heavy human sacrifice and human wreckage of war which must be equitably pro- vided for and paid for.” “An un-American Institution like the Committee for Industrial Organiza- tion cannot go on. It is & movement based on disloy- alty and directed by Communists, aimed at the de- struction of American insti- tutions, Its Jead- ers have openly defied the courts and encouraged its members to anarchy.” Few persons outside labor cir- cles have ever heard of the speaker — Lewis G. Hines. His name seldom reaches the newspapers. Yet as director of organization he is in the same relation to the American Lewis G. Hines, Federation of Labor as the pendulum | is to a clock. It is up to him to keep the organization ticking. Under his direction a huge staff of organizers | today is busy mending A. F. of L. fences damaged by the C. I. O. stam- | pede, strengthening others and at- | tempting to keep the craft union or- ganization apace with its C. I. O. rival. Sees Eventual Failure. Although neither he nor William Green accuses John L. Lewis of being & Communist himself, Hines is con- vinced the C. I. O. is now sliding toward failure, having aroused public sentiment against itself through the Communistic activities” of its lead- ers “The Federation of Labor has had occasion’many times to go before the courts,” said Mr. Hines. “Many times we were not satisfied with the deci- sions as handed down. But the A, F. of L. did not say, ‘To hell with the courts! We'll do as we please!’" The I. O. has no conception of law, no idea and no intention of obeying any | law.” Why failure? “Because it is founded upon the wrong principle. What the C. I O. is striving for is one big vertical union. The history of labor unions is the C. I. O. doomed to has proved that this is impossible of | success. A vertical union can never work harmoniously. Cites Recent Actions. And you believe that the C. I. O. is now on the downgrade? “Recent failures prove this. Not a single gain has been made by the C. I. O. in their strikes. The men merely were forced into losing hun- dreds of dollars. The workers have come to realize that Lewis is trying to control the majority of the workers with a very weak minority. Lewis sought to include the key men in an organization, induce them to strike, to fight his battle for him. “Lewis wants these key men. He has to have them if his plans are to succeed. Then, when he has induced them to go along and strike, even if the strike proves to be successful, they become nothing more than cogs in the big vertical union. What is the federation's prifciple regarding the future of labor? “It probably sounds sentimental, but there is only one way to do the job for labor, and that is the Amer- ican way. Loyalty. Loyalty and square dealing. Fair play for the employer, for the union and for some- body else that the C. I. O. has com- pletely forgotten—the public.” ‘What, in the opinion of A. F. of L. the present labor tangle? “John L. Lewis doesn’t believe it, his followers do not believe it, but they are beaten right now. When a movement heads for anarchy, it is heading for oblivion. They are not fighting for better wages, better work- ing conditions for their men. They have nothing with which to arouse public sympathy. All they have done is to arouse sympathy for the em- ployer.” “DUD” BOMB KILLS MAN Soldiers Hunting, Fire, Hit Army Missile Left From Games. MARCH FIELD, Calif, August 14 () —Pvt. Hubert Carver Portsmouth, ©Ohio, was killed and Pvt, Hershel Mays, Compton, Calif.,, was wounded in one foot and the abdomen by a bomb ex- plosion near Muroc Dry Lake, scene of Army Air Service bombing practice today. Mays said they were hunting lizards with a .22-caliber rifle when one of them fired and a heavy explosion fol- lowed. Several “dud” Army bombe were lying about the dry lake. leaders, is to be the outcome of | THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. AUGUST 15 hat will be installed by the Calif 1937—PART ONE. Camera Scouts for 200-Inch Telescope telescope, actually an astrographic camera with 18-inch lens, is in action in a small observalory atop Mount Palomar in San Diego County. Calif., doing “scout” work for the 200-inch ornia Institute of Technology. d to pick out interesting fields of endeavor for the bigger one to explore Dr. Josef J. Johnson is shown. —A. P. Photo. The A. F. L: or the C. 1. 0.? Howard and Hines Debate Aims and Policies. Copyright, 1937, by N.A.N.A. | I CHICAGO. August 14 (NANA) — | “To incorporate trade unions would | | have a disastrous effect upon the | labor unions, if it did not entirely de- 2 stroy them. And 10 ing labor contracts within the jurisdiction of the courts would be to cre & condi- ion of peonage.” les P. How- | secretary of the Committee fc Industrial Organi- zation and presi- | dent of the Intel national Ty p o- graphical Union, feels very strongly on the question of outside interfer- S te . P. Howard. | | | ence in the affairs of labor, and espe- | cially so concerning the part which the courts have played in labor-cap- | ital disputes. Howard is not looked upon as a radical. His typographical union, one of the oldest in the country, has a | reputation for rehability. Its local | unions keep their contracts. Howard | himself is a tall, rangy person, with a ready smile, a pleasing voice and a | convineing personality. He has the | manners and the diction of a college professor. here KANSAS DEDIGATES DROUGHT PROJECT Huge Irrigation System Is Hailed as Step Toward End of Farm Evils. By the Associated Press LIBERAL, Kans, August 14—A deep-well irrigation project, viewed by its sponsors as the forerunner of a vast watering system for the drought area of the Southwest, was dedicated oday in the midst of a mild rm ds of persons from Kansas, . Colorado and New Mexico heard speakers express hope the proj- | would point the way to a major victory in the fight to banish the twin evils of drought and dust from Then they visited the fields of sugar |and alfalfa watered by the well from which | Inspect Two Fields. They saw one field of corn, watered once, where the stalks were green and head high In an adjoining fiel which had not been watered, the corn was sparse, dry and only about 3 feet high. William H. Murray. former Gover- nor of Oklahoma, outlined a plan for 250,000 deep wells, one on every alter- nate section in Eastern Colorado, E: ern New Mexico, Western Kansa | Southwestern Nebraska, Western Okla- | Says Plan Impossible. “I know,” he said, “there i® much 1 agitation at the present time to give labor contracts a legal status. But | this cannot be done with safety.” Does that mean that labor does not | trust the actions of the courts? | “The courts have discredited them- selves. Labor had nothing to do with | it. The record of their decisions | speaks for itself. The policy of almost every lower court is, and has always been, to suppress, not to uphold the law. Judges are political appointees.” Howard was equally forceful in dis cussing the proposal to force unions to incorporate. “Just consider the ical he said. trade unions would be exactly oppo- site, in its effect, to the incorporation | of business. The purpose of incor- poration of business is to limit the re- sponsibility of business. The purpose of incorporation of a labor union is to make the central organization re- sponsible for the actions of every member of that union. It would es- tablish the union's responsibility at infinity. Moral Sabotage. “Consider the possible results. It would be a simple matter for persons with ulterior motives to be “et’ in a union. They would be accepted as members. Then they could very easily perform some act of moral sabotage. | The organization would be held r sponsible and one more black mark would be placed against its reputa- tion.” Howard explained why he has for- saken the tenets of craft unionism. “The C. 1. O. is bound to win be- cause it is the only policy upon which it is possible to organize industry in Which millions are employed. Even With unlimited resources, it would be impossible to organize mass produc- tion industries along the craft union lines of the A. F. of L.” What is the greatest obstacle now | to accord betwen labor and industry? | Employers’ Refusal. “The greatest difficulty throughout | all the trouble of the past year has | been the refusal of the big employers | to accept in good faith the principle | of collective bargaining.” homa, Northwestern Texas and pos sibly Southeastern Wyoming. He estimated the aggregate cost of wells and pumps would be $250.000.000, “a small sum for the benefits s0 derived.” “They would pay each year of the ray said. 150 Acres of Land. The project here embrace of typical Wes! Willard Mayberry. secretary group sponsoring the project demonstration well cost §: should pay for itself in about years. for t droug mselves Mur- 150 acres of the said the four “We hope to show farmers and land | owners here they can put down smaller wells and gro wenough on 20 or 25 acres to make a living when all other dry land crops fail because of drought and dust,” he said. He estimated wells capable of irri- gating 20 acres could be drilled for about $1,500. The project was financed by a group of Liberal business men. Murray suggested a Federal law au- thorizing the matching of State funds in the affected area to finance the wells. He added that half of the wells should be put down and the results observed for two years before com- pleting the program. — Girdler is dishonest. He is violently against the principle of collective bar- gaining, the same as other employers | when they have attempted to show that the C. I. O. represented only & small minority of their men.” The charge has ben made that Com- munists control the C. I. O. “There is no foreign influence what- ever. There is more foreign control in the AF. of L, by far, than in 1. 0. SEE US BEFORE YOU CLOSE ANY DEAL On a New DE SOTO But Tom Girdler and other employ- ers have said they are heartily in favor of collective bargaining? | “Girdler’s attitude before the Sen- | ate committee indicated very clearly | where he stands. The difference is that I am honest when I say that the | C. I O. is working only for the prin-i ciple of collective bargaining and th your pen’ and pencil. PLYMOUTH NO PRICE INCREASE At The MID-CITY AUTO CO. Washington’s Oldest De Soto and Plymouth Dealer 1711 14th St. N.W. With the New Zephyr Microphone e latest improvement to Radioear Hearing Aids So_thin a; lapel nd small it hides behind the coat . 50 light it actually weighs less than Each Radioear Hearing 750 gallons a minute can be | n Kansas farm land. | 00 and | 702 Natl. Press Bldg. Aid is made-to-order in our laboratory from a Selex-A-Phone analysis that determines the characteristisc necessary ‘to be incorporated in the Radioear. to meet the requirements of the individual who is to use it Selex-A-Phone analysis of your hearing re- quirements is free. Call or write for appoint- pent, Analysis made in your home. if pre- erred. RADIOEAR WASHINGTON CO. Dist. 2054 A.F.OF L. SESSION WAY OFFER PEACE Lewis’ Revolt Likely to Mo- nopolize Convention for Fourth Year. By the Associated Press. American Federation of Labor lead- ers, getting ready for their Denver convention, agree that John L. Lewis' | revolt will be the big iscue hrhro“ the delegates. Lewis and his industrial union move- ment have all but monopolized the attention of the last three conven- tions. The revolt has spread so fast during the last year, leaders say, that it is bound to dominate this year's conven- tion agenda At San Francisco in 1934 Lewis thought he had won his long argu- ment that all the workers in each big industry should be organized into one big union, regardiess of traditional A. F. of L. craft lines. Decided to Bolt. At Atlantic City in 1935 Lewis found that the A. F. of L. crafts had no intention of surrendering their claims to enrolling skilled workers anywhere. He therefore decided to bolt the federation and to form the C. 1. O At Tampa, Fla, last vear the A. F. of L. indorsed its Executive Council's | suspension of 10 C. I O. unions and | decided to fight back. Lewis, aban- doning any thought of peace, set out to build a new American labor move- | ment under the C. I. O. banner. Federation leaders say it still is too early to predict just what this year's convention will do about the | revolt, Unless unforeseen develop- ments occur, they say, the delegates probably will decide (1) To make a peace gesture in the form of a renewed invitation to the C. I. O. to hold a joint conference with an A. F. of L. Executive Council committee, (2) To invade Lewis" everywhere possible, just as Lewis' forces have invaded A. F. of L. terri- tory in dozens of places during the last year. (3) To double permanently member | unions’ dues to the federation. The | 1-cent-a-member-a-month rate was doubled temporari the Exect tive Council's May meeting (4) To condemn the formation of a Labor party, much discussed in Lewis' ranks. White Collar Action Possible. (5) To charter national unions of white collar workers and farm and | packing house employes to combat | the Lewis movement in those fields. | (6) To insist that the Wagner labor | disputes act be amended to protect raft unions in all industry, large and small. territory Leaders expect an attempt to mnE the last bond between the A. F. of L. | and the 10 suspended C. I. O. unio; these 10 unions still techni A. F. of L. members. They p however, that this drive will They also expect Lewis' friends he A. F. of L. will attempt to have the convention censure the A. F. of L | administration for fighting the C. I. O. A middle-of-the-road group in the federation, that includes such figures as Matthew Woll, a vice president, and Daniel Tobin, president of the powerful Truck Drivers’ Union, still is hopeful that somehow, sometime the fight will be settled. This group says “Fight any Lewis encroachment on A. F. of L. territory, but leave the door open to peace.” STATES SPENT BILLION ON ROADS DURING 1936 Ex- penditures Only Few Million Short of Record. By the Associated Press State highway departments re- ceived and expended more than a bil- lion dollars in the last year, the Bu- | reau of-Public Roads reported yes- | terday. Reports to the Federal agency listed | revenue of $1,145,590.000 for 1936 and expenditures of $1.131,151,000. Offi- cials here said these totals were only a few million dollars short of the all- time record in 1932. Biggest source of income was pay- ments by highway users in gasoline taxes, registration fees, motor carrier taxes and tolls from State-operated bridges and ferries. These amounted | to $662,886,000. Federal funds pro- vided $346,281,000. Pennsylvania topped sll States by spending more than $80.000,000 on highways last year. Six other States spent $40,000.000 or more including New York, California, Texas, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. Report Lists Receipts and Compulsory registration of hair- | dressers is proposed in England. }:: < NOW .. Nothing to Pay Until OCTOBER ! Have Us Install Your NEW ABC OIL D 2 D A » XD SO They will gladly call, I heating plant and advi greater comfort, heat. a representative , . . | regu | if he carries out that pet idea. RRXXXX Not a single penny for interest or carry- ing charges until October. time, you get all the hot water you need for bathing, laundry, dishes, etc. any heating problems at all—call on economy and healthful A phone call or postcard will bring * A Black Feels Dame Democracy CanGoModern,Y et Keep F avor Supreme Court Nominee Believes Con- stitution Needs No Tampering, but Puts Stress on Interpretation. BY MORGAN M. BEATTY, Associated Press Feature Service Writer. Like a lot of other folks, Hugo Black has a pet idea He thinks old Dame Democracy can g0 modern without losing her place in the hearts of the American people. But unlike most of us, Hugo Black doesn't stop with the idea. He has tried to prove he's right. Whether he has succeeded is a mat- ter of opinion. But at least he has| fought to keep old Lady Democracy “in style,” and consequently he hfls‘ won a nomination to the United States Supreme Court. About that idea: Senator Black believes the language of the Constitution is sound enough and broad enough to fit modern eco- nomic conditions, without tampering. In his opinion, the whole thing is a matter of interpretation by the Su- preme Court. Intertsate Commerce. His favorite example is interstate commerce, that undefined something | which the Constitution says the Con- | gress shall regulate. “When our country was young there was very little commerce among the | States,” explains the champion of ad- vanced labor legislation. “In fact, the roads were so bad in- terstate commerce on a large scale was impossible, but now some statisticians contend 90 per cent of our commerce is interstate “Anybody can see that much of our trade is carried on nationaliy without regard for State lines, so why should we not state the thing in so many words and proceed to have Conzrcs:; it? “All we have to do is face the fact l And, mind you, the Supreme Court will face that fact!” | Those words were spoken quietly in | the Senator’'s office a few months be-‘ fore the Supreme Court did just the | thing he said it was going to do. Tt ipheld the Wagner Jabor law and broadened its view of interstate com- | merce to do so. | But don't get the idea that Hugo Black is going to the Supreme Court and trample down the rights of the States and try to create an ogre of a central government. No such thing, | Small Towns' Rights. He believes rural ana small town America should have the right to de- termine how and when it shall keep WITH AN | L INITIAL | | DEPOSLY | | ASLOW AS; No Minimum Balance Required Our Metered Charge Makes Possible v Use a Bank % Get a Receipt % Save Time Y Save Trouble EST.i1906 Service | This 3608 Ga. Ave. NW. 9th & Mass. Ave. NW. 16th & Pa. Ave. N.W. 3401 Conn. Ave. N.W. 8th & G Sts. S.E. S9th & E. Capitol Sts. DA X2 ! X2 BURNER In the mean- Dadad If you have ook over your present ise you on how to get. XX promptly! A Y up with the commercial parade along the national arteries. The corner grocery and the barber shop in Dothan, Ala, for instance, should yield only to local public opin- fon when it comes to wages and hours. Consequently, all the liberal labor legislation sponsored by the Alabama leader has avoided laying a heavy hand on small town America. He says that's true of the 30-hour week bill he failed to get through the Senate for five years. Likewise he thinks the wage and hour law he succeeded in getting through the Senate this year, will not abruptly alter the lives and business of millions of Americans who love thelr small town homes. Not Easy to Explain. All of this philosophy has not been easy to explain to the voters who sent Black to the Senate. In Alabama it is easier to talk about the Civil War and local issues than it is to demand the 30-hour week for the men who make steel in the furnaces of Birmingham But this fellow Black has a way about him. You can't pyramid $120 to a seat in the United States Senate without having something on the ball, and $1.20 is all young Black had when he migrated from Clay County to Bir- mingham just after the turn of the century But he loves the law and people, That spelled success for the dark-eyed lawyer, now 51, who knows when to wear a twinkle in his eye and when to lash out like & vicious prosecutor. He personally was never more effer- vescent and his tenacity never more apparent than when he rode the wage and hour bill through the Senate hearings this Summer. The Alabama Senator was com- pletely lost in his task. He seldom stopped to eat at meal time, but con- stantly whipped away at the well-nigh impossible task One day a photographer asked him to pose and Black consented, but, we; on working | “Your hair—" began the photog- rapher, proffering a comb. “Oh, ves.” rejoined the nearly bald Black. “My wife's been telling me to | Bet a hair-cut for a week | And then with that twinkling eve, and puckering dimple that distine guishes the Alabaman in the Senate: “Just goes to show a man ought to do what his wife tells him to.” But Hugo Black was at work minutes later on wages and hours, two Cruise Set Tuesday. An outing aboard the S. S. will be held Tuesday ployves of the Cen friends Potomac r em- said proceeds w bureau’s recreational Take Abvantace Now Of Existing Prices on New Pianos Several months ago we were reliably informed that costs of materials and labor would make price raises inevitable this coming Fall. 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