Evening Star Newspaper, April 1, 1937, Page 12

A—12 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.____ . April 1, 1937 THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 1.t St ana Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t Chicago Office: 435 Nortb Michigan Ave Rate by Carrier—City and Suburban. Regular Editlon. The Evenine and Sunday Star 85c per month or 15¢ per week ‘The Evening Star 460 per month or 10c per week The Sunday Star =8 ber copy Night Final Edition. Nig.: ®nal ano Sunday Star-- Nifit Final "Star-- = > > __55c per month Collection made at the end of each month or each week. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phone National 5000 70¢ per month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, aily and Sunday 1 yr. $10.00 ally ocly .o 1 £6.005 Sinday oniy 1 $4.00: All Other States and Canada. Daily anc Sunday. Daily only__. Sunday only’ 19, 1 yr. 1y Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in thin paper and al.o the locai news published herein All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved Contradictions. President Roosevelt's proposal for the “reorganization” of the Federal judiciary has promoted a discussion whose con- tradictions are both numerous and amus- ing. For example, the sponsor himself, in his message to Congress, concedes that it originally was intended to “place the courts beyond temptations or influences which might impair their judgments.” ‘Then, with no regard for elemental con- sistency, he argues for the introduction of “new blood” into the highest tribunal of the land. For what purpose? Ob- viously, to insure Supreme Court ap- proval for New Deal legislation. The Administration’s whole case is built on expediency. Yet it pays insincere lip- service to stability. The conflict is too plain to be missed by thoughtful ob- servers. But Mr. Roosevelt's followers have been even more adventurous than their chief in their defense of his projected “reform.” Judge Ferdinand Pecora, for instance, says: “I should like to speak upon the question of a supposed peril to civil rights and religious freedom, which has been injected into this contro- versy. There has been an effort to make the average American fear that the President’s proposal, although ad- mittedly not so intended, will tend to be an entering wedge to brezk down the great constitutional guaranties of per- sonal liberty and religious freedom. If there were any real basis for this fear 1t could not lightly be disregarded. There are few of us who would not be willing to sacrifice much in the way of worldly goods and material comforts to secure and retain the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity. * * * The President’s proposals do not even touch the power that the Supreme Court now has to protect individual liberty and fredom of conscience.” These, surely, are fair phrases. They are musical to the ear, sweet on the tongue. But, examined closely, they are #een to be a net to catch the unwary citi- ren whose memory is defective. What first stirred the wrath of Mr. Roosevelt against the judicial branch of the Gov- ernment? For answer, glance back over the files of any newspaper for the Spring end early Summer of 1935. Read the record from May 27 to June 2 of that Yyear. It was on the former date that the Supreme Court found the N. R. A. illegal. The President struck out in passionate anger against the ruling on May 31— the famous “horse and buggy period” press conference. And what was the N. R. A.? Even its friends knew it was a frankly unconsti- tutional attempt to regiment business, big and little. Under its provisions, pants pressers and chicken butchers went to Jail for the “crime” of refusing to con- form to discipline imposed by the code euthorities. Yet Mr. Pecora talks about protecting individual liberty and freedom of conscience! The entire New Deal re- covery program contradicts him. It was predicated on coercion, and it has not changed its character any more than the leopard has changed his spots. Why deny it? The effort is a useless waste of language. To point the necessary moral, the philosophy of Bishop Warburton may be quoted from Joseph Priestly’s Mem- oirs: “Orthodoxy is my doxy; heterodoxy is another man’s dox: The President and his apologists want power. To gain it they will compromise with nothing but the truth. Yet among themselves they must have grace enough to admit the irregularity of their procedure—includ- ing intolerance as well as misrepresenta- tion. e — Mark Twain has been quoted as saying that, in spite of attempted variations, there are only eight real jokes in the world. This is contradicted by the pic- torial news which depicts the President and his personal attendants as finding enough jokes to keep them laughing heartily 365 days in the year. ————. Mislabeled Nepotism. A “nepotism” report on the District government, prepared in connection with the hearings on the 1938 District bill, shows that about thirty per cent of the 10,617 employes on the municipal pay roll are related. Does it follow that the municipal service is ridden with nepo- tism? Not at all. First, what is nepotism? The dictionary definition is: “Pavoritism extended toward nephews or other relatives; undue distinction, especially in governmental patronage, in favor of relatives.” In other words, the report has nothing to do with nepotism. Not a single case of nepotism is listed. It merely lists relationships. Nor is the extent of relationships necessarily significant. The report deals with individuals, not cases of relation- ship. A man may have two brothers in the District service. Three individuals are thus concerned and come within the purview of the report. But there is only ) THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, one case here of relationship. The report is thus misleading as well as mislabeled. Suppose we take an example of mis- labeled “nepotism.” Forty-five years ago two brothers and their first cousin ob- tained jobs as boys in three departments of the municipal service. The brothers were promoted to be heads of depart- ments and married sisters of fellow em- ployes. Their sister married a District employe. Each of the brothers sent their daughters through college and the daughters qualified as teachers in com- petitive examination. The son of one of the fathers passed a civil service examination and became a policeman. What would the *“nepotism” report show? It would show that a District employe, head of a department, had a brother, a cousin, two brothers-in-law, a daughter, a nephéw and a niece in the District service. Would that necessarily mean nepotism? Not at all. Would it be of any significance? None whatever. If there is nepotism in the District service, it should be exposed. If there are other forms of favoritism, that should be exposed. But more important still is the protection of a merit system in all branches of the municipal service, rigidly enforced. That would prevent nepotism. It would prevent other abuses. And Congress possesses exclu- sively the power of giving such protec- tion —e— Pedestrian Carelessness. Traffic Director William A. Van Duzer recently expressed the opinion that in nineteen traffic fatalities during a period of approximately six weeks no less than fifteen of the victims were themselves to blame. Pedestrian carelessness, he said, was the basic fault in each case. But thoughtful citizens may be agnostic about such a finding. People walking in the streets, as it happens, have little power to hurt anybody. It is, rather, the motoring public that is pos- sessed of that power. A Chicago judge once wisely held that a person operating an automobile was, in effect, controlling “a lethal weapon.” In accidents involv- ing motorists and pedestrians, the latter appear exclusively in the role of those who get punished. It should follow that the predominant responsibility ought to rest with drivers. The licenses granted them signify that that is the view of the law. It also is the consensus of society in general. Yet it is common knowledge that the motor- ing public takes chances. Traffic courts everywhere prove the point, even though the offenders brought before them rep- resent only a fraction of the number of petition. No adjustment is feasible to maintain if it signifies martyrdom. Thus, struggle for self-assertion in the interest of survival is a phenomenon of even theoretically utopian co-operative com- monwealths. In totalitarian states the contest is for the favor of the dictator; in democracies it takes the form of aspi- ration for the approval of the multitude. Yet few hearts are exempt from the longing to make no unworthy compro- mise. Integrity is innate in the human spirit. The average individual wants neither to be dominated nor to dom- inate. Perhaps the prevailing anxiety is summarized in the axiom: “Live and let live.” But, growing wise as it moves toward approximate maturity, the race adds to that rule a new principle—the passion toward charity, tolerance, lib- erality of judgment, gentleness in man- ners, pity for distress and sympathy for sorrow. In other words, society is eager for civilization. Of ‘course, there are frequent reac- tions in the direction of primitive bar- barism. The world is, beyond all denial, sick with war and revolution and class bitterness. Historians testify that it has been so for centuries past and suggest that it may be so for millenniums to come. Meanwhile, a bystanding philosopher takes notice of the dream of millions for a planet free from greed and ha.red and the shedding of blood. Education, he believes, is the solution. As ‘hie Spartan Chilo taught “Know thyself,” he argues “Know thy neighbor.” Travel, wide reading, a venturing into other countries and other minds is the method com- monly regarded as most efficient. No individual can make trial of it without to some degree deserving to be consid- ered a pilgrim on a mission of peace. ———— A dictator depends for power on the assumption of forms of authority and a careful cultivation of a sense of in- feriority in the popular mind. In other words, it is “the old Army game” that history has witnessed from generation to generation. ——— Industry cannot be expected to sus- pend while William Green and John Lewis undertake to settle what appears to be very much like a private feud, with innocent bystanders in more than usual Jjeopardy. A Youth has grown strangely wise and it may be doubted whether youngsters can be soothed to slumber at twilight by bedtime stories, when they would rather hear the oratory that comes by radio along toward midnight. violators of existing regulations—the “unfortunate few” who have broken the rules in the presence of policemen. Pedestrians, then, have ample and abundant precedent for placing them- selves in peril of death or injury. If, however, they deliberately choose to sac- rifice life or limb, they must take the consequences. But it would be interest- ing to inquire into the fatalities cited by Mr. Van Duzer. How many of the fifteen casualties really “asked for it"? It seems far more likely that they were just so many bewildered and panic-stricken individuals who blundered into disaster. The outstanding characteristic of pre- vailing traffic conditions is anarchy. To illustrate the difficulty, it may be mentioned that the population of Wash- ington has increased about twenty per cent in the past five years, while no ad- ditional appropriation for traffic super- vision has been allowed. Better govern- ment, more effective management and more drastic corrective procedure are wanted if the problem is to be solved. And money, not forthcoming, is needed for those reforms. Meanwhile, a pedestrian who delib- erately puts himself in jeopardy is guilty of suicidal negligence. Also, by his fool- hardy misconduct he weakens the cause of his fellow-walkers wish to invite self-destruction. R It is a rare gift that enables a man to measure the temper of his time as Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes has done. His study of public questions has been constant and sincere and has brought him into contact with intellectual forces of every type, from the most profound scholarship to the most emotional im- pulse which may seek to bewilder clear discernment by a babel from the stump of rural regions to the soap box of the crowded city street corner. Chief Justice Hughes not only knows his law; he knows his humanity. e The alphabet has letters enough to meet every bureaucratic emergency. Dr. Wallace has ideas of creating new judicial forms somewhat resembling Burbanking, which may be initialed as S. C. A. A. to denote “Supreme Court Adjustment Administration.” ———————— Americans love their Kipling in spite of the fact that he was never poet laureate. He demonstrated that a man may be great as a poet even though a poor politician. R Mission of Peace. What, it sometimes may be wondered, can a single ordinary individual do to assist a world plagued with strife? The question certainly must occur from time to time to many an average citizen. Since the problem is constant, the nat- ural instinct to find a solution likewise persists. And it is a duty to listen to the promptings of a social conscience. Men, it seems, are born with an instinct for fel- lowship; they are endowed with a nor- mal wish to “dwell together in unity.” The Psalmist expressed a universal con- viction when he declared that it is good and pleasant to practice brotherhood. People feel the urge for harmonious as- sociation—the impulse to congregate in communal relations. John Fiske an- alyzed their gregariousness as represent- ing “incipient power of combination and of mutual protection.” But a difficulty arises in the fact that life is an intensely personal business. Each separate soul in a not-altogether~ friendly earth finds it an imperative ob- ligation to survive in the face of com- who may not N India threatens to become trouble- some. The gorgeousness of local leaders has long caused them to be under sus- picion of being what Theodore Roose- velt called “malefactors of great wealth.” There was probably benefit in the re- lease for practical employment of Gov- ernment aviation officials who were in danger of becoming involved in bureau- cratic politics. ——e— Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Good Old Days. The Good Old Days we sing about Were wondrous good, beyond a doubt. Some men drank deep, played games and swore. Fantastic clothes they often wore. And some worked hard and paid their way And went to church each Sabbath day. Some men made money by control That let them claim a mighty toll. *Twas hard to raise the price, no doubt; And those who couldn't went without. The statesman spoke; the people cheered. When Fame grew fickle, people jeered, While arguments were set afloat About the way they ought to vote. The Good Old Days we sing about Were much like these, beyond a doubt. His Trouble Supply. “Are you looking for trouble?” asked the man with the big voice and the bristly mustache. “Looking for trouble?” echoed Sena- tor Sorghum, who had accidentally jostled him. “No, sir; I never look for trouble anywhere but in letters from my constituents or in the newspapers.” Jud Tunkins says the work of the police would be a whole lot easier if the people who commit crimes would be considerate enough to leave pehind the same kind of clues that the detec- tive story writers use. April First. Each holiday you must observe, Though one may sometimes get your nerve. ‘The first of April smiles with glee, For who shall be from folly free? ‘When we are sure that all is well Some puff of pride fate will dispel, Reminding us, when all is done, That even fate must have her fun. ‘Works of Imagination. “What is your idea of high finance?” “It is a school of fiction,” replied Mr. Dustin Stax, “in which mathematics takes the place of language.” A man who learns to get on with four hours’ sleep a day is not really so much to be envied and admired as the one who can make re'hable arrangements to get eight or nine. Opportunities. Though Fortune may not deign to smile, There is a chance for every one. The grandstand is the place for style, But the bleachers see the real fun. “De man dat tries to please every- body,” said Uncle Eben, “ain’t gine to git along nigh so well as de man who squares up to de world an’ gits everybody tryin’ to please him.” : ) Union Man Deplores Acts of Organized Labor Run Riot To the Editor of The 8t Senator Borah, quoted in your able editorial of the 20th regarding the latest foreign importation—the sit-down strike, truthfully said: “I think it is generally agreed that it is a form of violence which a government of law and order cannot recognize.” The distinguished Senator might well have added, and truthfully, the further following words: Tolerate, condone and survive. It is high time that organized labor, the unorganized working man, even the unemployed, and the people as a whole do some serious thinking. Labor has legitimate, commendable, worthy objectives; legitimate, serious grievances; has suffered damnable, in- excusable wrongs—even murders and in- human atrocities, but labor must not be like a coil spring released—destroy or lose itself. Labor must attain its ends legitimately and peacefully to retain them once secured. The very property rights provision of the Constitution labor must see as its own indispensible protection—a bulwark of its own liberties. Labor, and the common man who is ground between and who pays, must not be blinded and fail to see that if labor ignores, violates and destroys law and order to win an illegal victory that they will quickly and inevitably destroy themselves—that the very forces that join with them now to increase or attain their own power supreme, will later inevitably turn that power upon them and destroy them in self-defense. Labor must not forget that property rights are human rights—that without property to enjoy, sustain, nourish life with life means nothing, that when property is not respected, human life is not either. He who takes one will take the other. 1 am, or was, & union man and always shall be, but I reserve the right and do put my God, my country, its cherished principles, institutions, protections, com- mon welfare and aims, and what princi- ples and honor my own human frailty contains, above and before that of any organization be it short-sighted capital- ism or an undemocratic selfish labor group run riot. H. H. ENTZ. b American Flags and the Graves of Noble Dogs To the Editor of The Star Why all the pained amazement and shocked surprise at the late news of the graves of some of our canine friends having been decorated with the Amer- ican flag? We would think it but right thus to show our affection toward one of our own kind who had been to us a loyal friend, and who but our beloved dog friends have shown toward us such utter devotion and unswerving loyalty. Joyful under praise, patient under needed reproof Look deep into the eyes of your canine friends and then say if you can match the sympathetic understanding and adoration among your human friends. Many of the buddies of overseas can tell many tales of heroism of these faith- ful animals. In their way they served just as nobly as their soldier pals. Many came through the war, many gave up their lives as did so many of their buddy friends. grave Rest assured they would never disgrace it. Many years ago a friend had a busi- ness located on the water front. He also had a black dog of the smooth-coated ter- rier type of which he was very fond and which, in turn. returned his love many fold. It was the custom of the owner each night on leaving the office to say to his canine friend, “Now, Nig, watch | The latter would | my desk and papers.” curl up under the desk. Later on, labor troubles occurred. Late one night a phone message said the wharf and office were on fire. Traveling as fast as trolley permitted he hurried to the wharf. Shaken with sobs the next morning as he related the happening, his deepest grief was not at the loss of his business and entire income, but that the charred body of his “Nig” was found lying curled up under the desk, guarding his papers unto the end. Give your sympathetic understanding and loving care to your dog and when all else forsakes you he will be found lying at your feet. CHARLOTTE THOMAS. e Flag on Grave of Dog Shows Respect for Emblem To the Editor of The Star I have been reading The Star for fifty vears and would have no other paper. | T read in your columns about complaints | being made because a flag was put on a poor dog's grave. Which goes to show that those who put it there loved that flag and also the poor old dog. These people who make such complaints are not good Americans. They are hard- bailed cranks. When I go to see a parade I don't salute every flag that passes. I salute only the flag carried by the armed forces of the United States and National Guard. God bless the men who put that flag on the poor dog’s grave. They are our real Americans, with human hearts and common sense. RAYMOND WATERS. R Thirteen-Year-Old Boy and His Twelve-Gun Arsenal To the Editor of The Star: There are times when a strange feeling comes over me that I am mad in the midst of a sane world, and such a feeling returned when I read in The Star an account of a 13-year-old boy. the son of parents who are in a position to give him the best in home surroundings, edu- cation and training, killing a child with one of his 12 guns, and the fact that a 13-year-old child was the possessor of such an arsenal was apparently accepted without comment or criticism., Crying “where is the law” and “where are the parents” will not bring back that dead boy to his mother, but a terrible moral is here, and it is to be hoped this boy has not died in vain. HELEN MORRISSETTE. ——— Elemetary Course in Civil Government Recommended To the Editor of The Btar Senator Robinson’s speech reached the height of brazen effrontery and insult to the intelligence of the American people. Among other things we demand to know how Senator Robinson can hold the Supreme Court responsible for laws they do not make. Just because he has seen fit to forget the duties of the President does not justify his misrepre- sentation of the duties and function of the Supreme Court. We suggest an elementary course in civil government for Mr. Robinson and his fellow pro- ponents of the court plan. New York. JAMES BLAIR. oo “QOrganized” Base Ball. From the Sacramento Bee. Talk ot unfonizing base ball is in the air again. Just imagine the confusion when the umpire calls a strike! And will it still be possible to yank a pitcher from the box or will he want two weeks’ notice? THURSDAY, APRIL 1, Not worthy of a flag-bedecked | 1937. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Slow paced, or fast paced— All humans may be divided according to this classification, but it is impossible to tell anything from it. The slow-motioned person may be the best ‘“go-getter,” the fast-motioned the dreamer. Or just the other way around. Since the world makes snap judg- ments, mostly, the swiftly paced in- dividual, who always walks as if on a run, is usually judged the most energetic. He may be merely a case of ‘“nerves.” It is a most interesting thing, to watch different people, and attempt to judge them by the way they walk. PR Here will come a veritable cyclone, who takes short steps and covers a great deal of ground quickly. Yet it may be found, as often as not, that such a person gets no more done, in the ordinary sense, in a day than the fellow who happens to walk and talk slowly. The appearance of doing more, how- ever, undoubtedly is there. But here again it is impossible, seemingly, to give the appearance by taking thought. These ways of doing things in the everyday life are part of the mental character, and scarce can be faked ex- cept for short periods at a time. Deeper than that, however, they are a part of the instinctive responses of the physical being. Taking thought, in such matters, holds only for a brief time, especially when on parade. The slow-motioned person soon would begin to wilt if he purposely tried to speed up his walking or talking with- out any real need at the moment. x k% % We may feel that in respect to these matters we almost always get sincerity, however much we may miss it else- where. The individual walk, or gait, for in- stance, is perhaps the most sincere of all human actions. We get the man then just as he is, without concealment, when we see him walk to and fro in his daily tasks. And nothing is more interesting than to watch a building full of persons walk=- ing corridors. There goes the fast- motioned, the slow-motioned, the me- dium-motioned, each one always at the same pace. Many a person walks under such circumstances at a veritable dog-trot. He may or may not be long-legged. He may or may not be a “human dynamo, as some persons like to fancy themselves. He may be fat or skinny, blond or dark haired; he may or may not be rated high in the business world. Often young fellows overfond of themselves step along like world beaters, but if you happen to check up on them years later they are no farther advanced in the world than some of their slower motioned com- rades, if as far * % % x The important thing to remember about a pace, the individual way of doing | things, is that if it is normal it should be stuck to carefully, because it is con- nected both with the intellectual and physical life. One’s own way of walking, for in- stance, is really one’s self. To be a pedestrian is not just to be a target for automobilists. 1t is to be one’s self. STARS, MEN | | This is something worth keeping in mind when tempted to “run for it” at a dangerous crossing. Run for it, indeed, if you are in the happening of running, but if it is not an action commonly indulged in, refuse to run, no matter how many you miss. Missing a public vehicle, for instance, is not the momentous matter some per- sons seem to think it is. Fat old persons, who ought to know better, attempt to break into a canter, when they would look better and be more themselves if they stuck closely to their original and normal pace. There will be occasions, it is true, when even the most deliberate person finds it expedient to hurry. Then let him hurry, by all means, but often it will be discovered, if one is per- fectly honest in the discovering, that almost all the urge to hurry is the result of the spirit of the age. We all have read so much about “pep” that each one of us thinks he must be “peppy” at all costs. PR The honest man or woman refuses to permit the spirit of the age to change the natural “bent” too much. It is impossible, of course, altogether to resist the times, but something may be done for one’s self by the simple expedient of walking and talking and acting at all times as it comes natural to one and seems best to one to walk and talk and move. So normal a thing as this, however, often takes real will power and intel- lectual determination to carry through. Fortunately, life and time settle these matters for us. We wake up, in middle age, to find that we are “sot” in our ways, and there is not much use trying to do anything about it. That funny looking fellow in the mirror there, he really is one’s self! For good or bad, we must accept him “as is,” and find good in him as best we may. Man being a conceited animal, it is not nard for most of us to find many good points in the fellow in the mirror. A sense of humor, life’s best safety valve, remains one’s most valuable ac- complishment, despite the inroads of the years and the swifter passage of time. Recall that meeting with the strange gentleman in the hall of great mirrors. It was a dog show, really, and while passing along the rows of kennels, one happened to see some one looking pierc- | | present bronze busts of persons who ingly at one. Who in the thunder wae he, and why did he stare so? One scowled. The stranger Well, sir- One had been staring at one’s self, all the time, in one of the great mirrors, where one thought a doorway was, sO clear was the glass PR After that the perturbed one never had any difficulty in accepting the self, | with all its faults. So it is with gait. There is a natural way of doing things, both mentally and physically, which fits the individual as closely as a well fiting glove. Stick to this, both in and out of traffic, and be as happy as you may; for rest assured that in no other way will it be possible to find reasonable happiness in this world. except as yourself. AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Out in the pine-forested foothills of the Big Horn Mountains in Montana people in America—the “Kicked-in-the- bellies.” Generation after generation bears this name with pride and dignity. It is commemorative of an outstanding event in their racial history. Supt. Robert Yellowtail of the Crow Indians, who has been in Washington for the past month attending to reserva- tion business, has found, from extensive questioning of old Indians, the origin and significance of the name. About the time the English were planting a colony at Jamestown, it appears, a Crow war party made a raid far to the southward into country recently traversed by the Spanish. Months later, after a suc- cessful foray, they returned with their loot This included a remarkable beast. It was an animal almost as big and strong as a bison. Yet it was more docile than a dog. It allowed itself to be led about with a rope around its neck. It per- mitted & man to sit on its back and made no effort to throw him off. It was nothing short of a miracle. The great- est dignitaries of the tribe gathered about the strange animal, hardly believ- ing their eyes. Growing bolder, they touched it. Finally one of them took hold of its tail—and the miracle came to a sudden end. The great medicine man was sent sprawling on his back, moaning and pressing his hands to his stomach. But by the act of taking hold of the beast’s tail he had acquired immortality. He was the first Crow to be kicked by a horse. Says Mr. Yellowtail: “The name of ‘Kicked-in-the-belly’ was immediately given to him, and to this day a large division of the mountain Crows are called the ‘Kicked-in-the-bellies.’ “This incident,” he continued, “ush- ered in the introduction of horses among the Crow Indians, and soon thereafter their herfls were augmented by raids upon southern tribes. ‘When they were visited by Catlin in 1806 they had large herds and were expert horsemen.” The introduction of horses was the most significant event in Crow history. It completely changed the tribe’s way of life. The Crow and his mount were in- separable. Pride in horseflesh became & dominating motive. Horses were bred for speed and endurance. The Crow country went wild over “the races.” It was the chief sport, and still is. But Eastern civilization encroached upon the Crow and his way of life. He was ill-equipped for economic competi- tion with the newcomers. Finally he lost heart, and with the discouragement his mounts began to degenerate. Now one of the pivotal steps Mr. Yellowtail is un- dertaking in the renaissance of Crow culture on the great mountain reserva- tion is the restoration of the qualities of the horses and the pride of the owners in them. He is introducing blooded stock from the United States and Canada to supplement the Indian ponies. Within a few years, he feels, the reservation again will be a great horse center. The Crows rose and fell with their horses. Before the war party returned from the South with the first horse they, in common with the other plains tribes, had walked and used dogs as beasts of burden. They depended for much of their living on bison hunting. The animals were killed by being driven over precipitous cliffs. When a herd was located piles of stones were piled at intervals and behind these men con- cealed themselves, wrapped in wolf ) | dwell several hundreds of the proudest | skins. Walking on all fours, they were mistaken for wolves by the bison. Thus they were able to encircle the animals and get them in a position for a stam- pede herd might plunge over the precipice by the hundreds. This was a hard, strenuous and un- | certain existence. It might almost be said that man pitted his own feeble limbs against the animals. Once the Crow became master of the horse, all | this changed. The herds were no match | against mounted riders. The food sup- ply became far less uncertain. Effi- ciency in leading this sort of life de- pended on perfect mastery of the horse, and the Crow attained it. * ¥ ok x Laboratory-bred and reared flies are hardier than wild ones. This has been determined by the Food and Drug Administration of the | Department of Agriculture in tests on the efficacy of fly-killing sprays. As a rule a fly spray would kill from 10 to 15 per cent more wild than tame insects. A spray that will kill tame flies is pretty certain, they found, to be effective in homes or barns. ——— Argument for Worker’s Property Right in Job To the Editor of The Star In your issue of March 29 you pub- lish an article by William Allen Whi' , titled “Force Replaces Labor’s Deb®t- ing.” In the course of his article, among other things, Mr. White has this to say: “The only serious American question is, what kind of right in his job and in his factory can the worker finally hope to get? A property right? Hardly.” Why <“hardly” a “property right”? Is not the labor-power of a worker’s hands and brains his property? And, if not, whose is it? If I, as a worker, have not a property right in my’labor-power and, therefore, in my job, without which I cannot use my property effectively for my support and that of my family, it would seem to me that there is and can be no such thing as a “natural law of property,” of which we have heard and still hear so much. I assert without fear of successful con- tradiction that the workers have a prop- erty right in their labor-power and. hence, in their jobs; that having this inalienable right, they have the right to organize in such manner as to make good this right, and to “sit down,” stand up or walk out, or do anything else that may be necessary to the pro- tection of this property right. Further, how does it come that the courts deny this property right of the worker and then uphold private property in the earth, the socialized machinery of production and distribution and in exchange and banking, not one of which is the creation or possession of the in- dividual but of the Almighty and soclety? I assert that we, the workers, have a property right in our jobs and that the day is not far distant when the Amer- ican courts will okay it. COVINGTON HALL. ———————— Fair Swap. From the South Bend Tribune. Now that a city manager is to be president of the University of Wisconsin, some university presidents may be tempted to try their hand at city man- aging. scowled back. | If they were lucky the frightened | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. What Siates have rejected the child labor amendment this year?—L. C. A. North Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, New York and Massachusetts. Q. How many kinds of automobiles are made in the United States?>—C. A. 8. A. There are in the United States about 30 makes of passenger cars and 83 makes of trucks. Tsn of the pas- senger car manufacturers also make trucks. Q. What is the status of the effort to build a mill in the South to make news- print paper from Southern pine?—T. N. A. Cranston Williams, secretary-man- ager of the Southern Newspaper Pub- lishers’ Association, says that the capital has been raised to build a five million dollar newsprint mill to be located some- where in East Texas. The intial capacity of this plant will be 150 tons daily, and the product of the new mill is expected to come on the market in 1938. It is believed that Southern pine will produce a quality of newsprint equal in every way to that now being produced from North- ern forests. Q. Are television sets now being sold? —D. C. R. A. Television sets are not on the mar- ket for commercial use. Television ha: been used for experimental purpose. only It is said by the radio experts that television will be ready for the public | about 1938 Q. How many niches are there in the Hall of Fame?—E. B. G A. The Hall of Fame is on University Heights in New York City and is con- nected with New York University. At the time that the project was announced, the statement was made that 150 panels would be provided for memorial bronze tablets. 50 to be inscribed in 1900, pro- | vided that 50 names should be approved | by the judges then named, and that five | additional tablets be dedicated every five years thereafter. so that the number would be complete about 2000 A.D. From time to time the director invites appro- priate organizations or individuals to have been elected to the Hall of Fame, these busts to surmount the bronze tablets which New York University has placed in the colonnade. Q. Why are the United States Ma- rines called leathernecks—E. J. A. The name was given to the Marines during the Revolutionary War. At that time the Marines wore leather stiffen- ings in their shirt collars. The term was formerly used in the British Navy. Q Is Leningrad built on islands?— C. H A. The city is built on nineteen islands Q. Where in Oklahoma was the sunrise Easter service held?—H. W. A. The annual sunrise Easter services were held in a natural ampitheater on the mountainside in the Wichita Na- tional Forest, 22 miles northwest of Lawton, Okla. Q. Have English and French visa fees been reduced?—H. J. A. The French visa has been reduced from $2 to 47 cents. The English visa will be reduced to $2 on April 2. Q. How long has Dr. Mary E. Woolley been president of Mount Holyoke?— G . M. A. Dr. Woolley has been president of that college for 37 years. Q. What opera of the ones given this season at the Metropolitan has been the biggest money-maker?—F. J. A. Figures show that “Tristan und Isolde” is the most successful from & financial standpoint. It has been pre- sented eight times to capacity houses, the average receipts for a performance being about $15,000. Q. How often do dogs shed their hair? — DR A. It is natural for dogs to shed their hair twice a year. Excessive shedding in dogs is generally due to some skin trouble. Q. How far is it from New York to Los Angeles by way of the Panama Canal?>—O. B A. It is 5.677 miles. Q. What States lead in coal produc- tion?—E. H. A. In 1936 they were: Pennsylvania, 108,527,000 tons; West Virginia, 89,640.- 000 tons; Illinois, 50,526,000 tons, Q. What is the smallest country in the world?>—R. McG. A. The State of Vatican City is a sovereign, independent state by the terms of the Lateran treaty of February 11, 1929. By reason of its area of 108.7 acres, Vatican City is the world's smallest | country, in a physical sense. Q What was the name of the Man in the Iron Mask?—H. H. A. A mysterious individual held for over forty years as a state prisoner by Louis XIV at Pignerol and other prisons, ultimately dying in the Bastille, Novem- ber 19, 1703. with his identity still un- disclosed, is generally called the Man in the Iron Mask. His name was given as Marchiali when he was buried, but despite the numerous conjectures and wide research that have been made, no one to this day knows for certain who he was. Q. What is the name of the new eco- nomic and social history of the World War which is in many volumes?—T. W. A. The Social and Economic History of the World War comprises 152 vol=- umes and is edited by Dr. James T. Shotwell. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton. A Vision. Long, dusky shadows gathered in the room, Only a slanting radiance pierced the gloom, A sunset gleam. Thru the soft, roseate ray you came to me, Your eyes aglow with the old ecstasy— Was it a dream? The shadows deepened. Night fell. Day was gone. Yet though I sat in darkness quite alone, That slanting beam All troubled doubts of you had put to flight. Your spirit sought mine in that ray of light— 1t was no dream. {