Evening Star Newspaper, October 20, 1935, Page 4

EFFECTS OF FISCAL - POLIGY STUDIED C. of C. Group to Give Par- ticular Attention to Taxing Methods. Frankly agreed on the impossibility o©f devising a fair revenue system to support the present rate of Govern- ment spending, the Federal Finance Committee of the United States Chamber of Commerce yesterday be- gan a detailed investigation into the general effect of the currency fiscal policy on business recovery. Members of the committee will give particular attention to the new de- parture of taxing methods incorpo- rated in the revenue act of 1935 de- signed to bring about social reform rather than raising revenue. The report, which will be completed next month, is expected to recommend changes both in the revenue system and the spending policy of the Gov- ernment. In the course of a prelimi- nary canvass of the whole field yes- terday, Fred H. Clausen of Horicon, ‘Wis., chairman of the committee, and his associates had before them factual material assembled by the chamber’s staff as well as suggestions and criti- cisms received from business firms and organizations throughout the country. Members of Group. Other members of the committee are Lamont du Pont, president of E. I du Pont de Nemours & Co.; Ells- worth C. Alvord, Washington tax ex- pert; Raymond H. Berry, Detroit; W. Dale Clark, Omaha banker; Fred R. Fairchild, professor of political econ- omy, Yale University; H. B. Fernald, New York; Edwin G. Merrill, New York banker, and Roy C. Osgood, Chicago banker. Calling generally for a balanced budget and reduced taxes, the com- mittee laid down six “general prin- ciples”: “That the present excessive propor- tion of the Nation’s total income ex- acted by Federal, State and local gov- ernments should be substantially re- duced. “That there should be immediate steps taken to assure the establish- ment of a well co-ordinated fiscal plan looking to a balancing of the Federal budget in the near future. “That the fiscal plan should provide for a balanced budget through a re- duction of expenditures and not through adoption of new or increased taxes, which would retard business ex- pansion and thus tend to continue un- employment. Would Reduce Taxes. “That the fiscal plan should con- template a reduction in Federal taxation when Federal expenditures can be brought down to more reason- able levels. “That expenditures during the next fiscal year, beginning July 1, 1936, beyond those necessary to defray the ordinary expenditures of the Govern- ment on an economical scale, should be limited to advances of a reim- bursable nature.” This would mean that the disburse- ments of the Government for direct relief and for any work relief would be limited to loans to States and pos- sibly local governments, with liberal provisions as to interest and repay- ment “That the taxing power should not| be utilized as a basis for regulatory or prohibitory legislation or for social or economic changes by any Govern- ment process which, without the in- tervention of a tax, would not be a valid exercise of Federal authority.” Study Business Demands. Demands of business groups that Government funds not be used to finance Government activities compet- ing with them were being studied, as were complaints against use of the taxing power to obtain revenues ear- marked to special classes. The committee examined numerous proposals for revision of corporate and individual income tax provisions, in- cluding “the unfortunate effects of the provisions relating to capital gains and losses and to reorganizations and | mergers of corporations even when undertaken to simplify corporate structures.” = Boy vtContinued From First P!ge.) of 715 Seventh street southwest, broke down at the scene and after first aid treatment at a nearby drug store was taken to Garfield Hospital. Robert, son of Mr. and Mrs. Harry J. Cozlin, 735 Rock Creek Church road, was selling papers a block from his home when a prospective buyer hailed him from across the street. ©Off he dashed, straight into the path of the car. Ten fat Sunday newspapers under his arm were thrown by the impact beneath the wheels of the street car, which had slowed down for the cross- ing. Immediately the current was cut off and the papers blocked the wheels. Eight of them were cut in half. Pedestrians gasped and one woman screamed. The boy, however, remained calm and crawled from beneath the car as men rushed to his aid. He talked to friends and then was taken to Garfield Hospital for an examina- tion. His brother, a few years older, was talking with friends on the op- posite corner when the accident oc- curred. “I didn’t know what happened,” Robert said. “I was scared at the hospital though. Another man was there, all cut up, and they said a street car had hit him.” At home, the boy’s mother sat with her arm about him. “It was a miracle,” she declared. Mr. Cozlin nodded agreement. Robinson, employed by the Capital Transit Co. about a year, was on his last run for the evening. “Let'm take my picture, mom,” the Cozlin boy begged as she hesitated to give consent. “I can show it to the kids at school.” e is in the sixth grade at Park View School. —_— CARAVAN NAMES M’KENNA Joseph M. McKenna was re-elected grand commander of Alcantara Cara- van, No| 12, Order of the Alhambra, at the annual meeting of the organi- eation Friday night at the Willard Hotel. Other officers include Frank P. Glancy, vice grand commander; Fran- eis A. McCann, grand scribe; John C. Allen, scribe of the exchequer; Arthur M. McCreight, grand cham- berlain; Roy M. Perry, master of oasis; Walter I. Plant, historiographer; Roger Gallagher, master of the ward- robe; William A. Mulligan, Captain of the body guard; William F. Shea, sentinel of the tower; Joseph John- son, sentinel of the desert, and Ted Moseley, electrologist. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. OCTOBER 20, 1935—PART ONE. Large photo: The Commander in Chief of the Nation's armed forces reviews troops at Fort Clayton, Canal Zone. President Harmodio Arias of Panama stands at Mr. Roosevelt's right, Roosevelt Reviews Troops at Canal Inset: Relief Administrator Hopkins and Interior Secretary Ickes, cruising with the President, go shopping in the Canal Zone. are, holding bundles of souvenirs. Here they —Copyright A. P. Wirephotos. Budget (Continued From First Page.) for permanent new improvements would be the largest sum spent for many years to provide facilities to | meet requirements of a growing city. | The sum left available for Capital | recent years due to increased main- tenance costs and gradual reduction of the Federal payment. Even with the increased appropria- | tion recommended, studied pla:s for expansion of the school system, health | department, welfare institutions and were heavily reduced. ‘The budget now must pass in re- | view before the Budget Bureau, the further cuts are expected here and | there by the Commissioners, although they regard their present budget as at “rock bottom.” 1936 Precedent Followed. In setting the Federal payment at $8,317,500, the Commissioners fol- lowed a precedent established a year ago when they proposed a similar sum for the 1936 budget. This was ap- proximately the average Federal pay- ment appropriated by Congress over the preceding 10-year period. The Commissioners deemed this as fair as any method of calculating a lump sum payment. That figure met with approval by the Senate, but was rejected finally in conference at the insistence of the House Representatives. Maj. Dono- van, in his report on the 1937 budget to Acting Budget Director Daniel W, Bell, recalled that last year the bu- reau recommended that the proposed Federal payment be reduced to $5.- 700,000, the gross figure appropriated in the previous year. “The right to recommend an in- crease in the Federal payment, there- fore, wou'd appear to rest with that bureau,” said Maj. Donovan, making the point that the bureau had recom- mended a change from the Commis- sioners’ total. The largest item in the new budget is $13,959,046 for operation and ex- pansion of the public school system. This would amount to an increase of $2,506,996 over current appropriations. Of the total recommended by the Commissioners for the school system, $11,576,546 was for operation, an in- crease of $044,496 over current ap- propriations, New School Figure Gains, For construction of new school buildings and additions to existing structures, the city heads recommend- ed $2,121,500, an increase of $1,346,500 over current appropriations. For pur- chase of ;:idltlonnl land for school purposes, the Commissioners posed $261,000, an increase of szoam over appropriations for the present fiscal year, The Board of Education and Super- intendent of Schools Frank W. Ballou has urged a total appropriation of $18,041,339, an increase of $6,579,000 over current appropriations. School Board presented justifications for 28 building projects, against 6 ap- proved for the present year, and for 15 items for school sites, as against but 1 granted for this year. School officials had sought funds for plans for three new senior high schools, to be built at Takoma Park, near Six- teenth street and Rhode Island avenue northeast and near Twenty-fourth street and Benning road northeast. Other requests were for sites for new Jjunior high schools at Massachusetts and Cathedral avenues and near Eighteenth street and Columbia road and an appropriation for purchase of the remainder of the site for the new Jefferson Junior High School. Maj. Donovan, because of legal re- strictions, did net make public what individual items were incorporated in the Commissiona's’ budget proposals in any section o? the budget, The plans of Dr. George C. Ruh- land, health officer, for considcrable expansion of the services and facilities of his department suffered heavily in the budget making. He sought an increase of $131,000 over current ap- propriations. In allowing the Health Department a total budget of $542.202, the Commissioners recommended an increase of $68,000 over current ap- propriations, or about 50 per ceut of that sought by Dr. Ruhland. Dr. Ruhland particularly pleaded the need for generous expansion of the public health nursing service, tu- berculosis control measures, the public Proposed 1937 Budget Salaries of administrative offices_. Contingent and miscellaneous expense: Reimbursement under P. W. A. loan act. Free Public Library =2 Street and road improvement and repair. 1937 Budget Proposals. $2,293,550 299,577 1,000,000 627,320 284.600 1,373,710 Actual 1936 Appropriations. §1,862,802 262,080 1,000,000 470,495 281,600 893,710 improvements has been dwindling in | i other major units of the Government | President, committees of Congress and | then the House and Senate and some | | Playgrounds ... | | Electrical Department Public schools (813,959,046 Operation Buildings Land ... Metropolitan Police Policemen and firemen’s relief Fire Department ... Health Department Courts Public welfare .. Militia Reclamation of Anacostia Flats. National Capital parks ... 1 National Zoological Park ‘Total—General fund items . | | Gasoline tax fund items - Water fund items | | | | Trust funds - | | Total | | Elwood Street, welfare director, had proposed to the Commissioners ap- propriations for institutions under | their direction amounting to $10,443,- 1050, an increase of nearly $3,000.000 | over appropriations for the present | year. The Commissioners slashed this | total to $8,422,655, allowing an in- crease of $914,453 over this year | Fire and Police Items. | An increase of $261,905 was pro- | posed by the Commissioners for the Metropolitan Police Department in of- fering a total of $3,881,620 for tnat department. Supt. of Police Ernest W. Brown had sought appropriations totaling $4,027,045, which would have given an increase of $407,330. Among other items, Maj. Brown had requested more than 100 additional officers in order to give the city better police protection. It has been inder- stood in recent weeks the Commis- sioners allowed somewhere between 'i5 and 90 additional men. What was the final action was not reported last night. For the Fire Department the Com- missioners recommended an appropri- ation of $2,507,095, an increase of $52,23¢ over appropriations for this year. Fire Chief Charles E. Schrom had requested a total of $2,482,498, which would have been an increase of only $27,637. His proposals were any department head. An appropriation of $627,320 was proposed by the Commissioners for the Free Public Library. This sum is $102,350 less than the total re- quested by the Board of Library Trus- tees. The total is $156,825 more than appropriations for the present year. Funds for construction of a Pet- worth branch library and for purchase The [of a site and drafting of plans for an Anacostia branch were sought in the estimates as submitted by the Board of Library Trustees. The trustees also requested funds to permit expansion of the staffs of the main library and the several branches and sub-branches and presented sta- tistics to show that since 1930 the increase in the number of borrowers was 61.5 per cent; in volumes circu- lated 62 per cent, as against an in- crease in staff of only 13 per cent. Anacostia Work Included. Much more speed in the work of reclamation of the Anacostia Flats would be possible under the Commis- sioners’ budget. They ask an appro- priation of $100,000 for this work next year, as compared with the $40,000 appropriation for this year. Civic lead- ers had urged speedier progress in have been insistent petitions for sev- eral years. Pressing were made for the building and plumbing offices which the city heads had agreed, in the past were understaffed to meet legal requirements for services and inspections. Their action in this regard is in- dicated in a proposal for $2,293,550 for salaries for administra- tive offices, as school medical inspection service and for more adequate equipment. The Board of Public Welfare and ¢ National Capital Park and Planning C among the most modest submitted by | 1,485,360 212,245 1,161,780 - 11576546 2,121,500 261,000 3,881,620 1.060,000 2,507,095 542,202 855,420 8,422,655 39,640 100,000 5 968.650 343,500 230,000 3.619.715 1,010,000 2.454,861 474,200 790,430 7,508,202 36,000 40,000 892,000 337,500 5,000 --$41.647.970 2,593,280 1,861,510 $36,128,515 ,553,280 2,064,820 $40,746,615 1,460,000 $46,102,760 - 1,380,000 $47,482,760 $42,206,615 District for the ensuing fiscal year | for maintenance and operating ex- | penses and necessary public improve- | ments.” 1935 Surplus Higher. He revealed, in his financial analysis | of the past fiscal year, that the 1935 | year ended June 30 last with a sur- plus in revenues amounting to $5.- 148,348.72, or considerably higher than had been anticipated, due to an un- expectedly high increase in tax pay- ments and greater success than for- merly in collection of back taxes, among other reasons. Maj. Donovan stated: 1935 shows that the District started that year with a revenue surplus brought over from the fiscal year 1934 of $4,646,494.72. The current revenue collections amounted to $29,118,376.13. Adding to these amounts the net Fed- eral payment of $4,539,295, and rev- enue released through closing out ac- counts carrying unexpended balances of appropriations, amounting to $1,- 466,117.49, made the District's gen- | eral fund revenue availability for the fiscal year 1935 $39,770,283.34. “The total appropriation and other charges amounted to $34,621,934.62. The difference between the two totals, or $5148,348.70, represents the rev- enue in excess of appropriation charges, or a revenue surplus at the close of the fiscal year 1935. “This revenue surplus is consider- ably in excess of the estimate pre- viously made and used before the Appropriations Committee of Congress. The previous estimate was $2,450,- 333.78, as compared with the present determined surplus of $5,148,348.70. This large increase in the surplus is due principally to unusually good col- lections in the fiscal year 1935, as compared with previous years. For example, the District collected 89 per cent of its real estate tax levy in 1935, as compared with 84 per cent in 1934, 81 per cent in 1933 and 84 per cent in 1932. The nearest approach in recent years to the 1935 record was in 1924, when 87 per cent of the cur- rent levy was collected. Back Realty Taxes Good. “Also in the gollection of back realty taxes 1935 was a good year. In that yeat these tax collections (for 1933 and prior years) amounted to $874.300, as compared with $506,232 in 1934, $236,605 in 1933 and an average of about $100,000 a year in the fiscal years preceding 1933. “In the matter of alcoholic bever- ages the original estimate for 1935 was $1,200,000. The actual collections amounted to $1,713,897.11, an increase of over $500,000. “The revenue credit arising from unexpended balances of appropria- tions was originally estimated at $1,000,000. The present figure is $1,- 466,117.49 (which may be slightly in- creased when the books are finally closed as of June 30, 1935), an increase of nearly $500,000.” Tracing some of the history of con- gressional action on the Federal pay- ment, Maj. Donovan recalled that for the 1935 fiscal year set the Federal share at $5,700,000, but de- ducted from that sum, as a reimburse- ment to the Treasury, 70 per cent of the allotments made by the Public Works Administration for sewer work ’ “The statement for the fiscal year | T and park improvements. The allot- ments for both purposes totaled $1908,150. Of the allotment for sewers $250,000, not needed for that work, was returned to the Treasury. This left $1,658,150 as the principal sum to be used in determining the District’s 70 per cent “liability” to the Treasury. In this manner, the $5,700,- | 000 was reduced to a net Federal pay- | ment of $4,539,295. $3,425,921.78 for Balance. Maj. Donovan’s financial statement { for the fiscal year 1936 shows that the District began the year with an estimated revenue surplus, brought |over from the fiscal year 1935, of | total | $5,148,348.70, and that the | estimated general fund revenue | availability for that year to be $40,- 1883,348.70. The total estimated ap- | propriations and other charges | against the general revenue fund for ‘1936 is $37,457,426.92, thus leaving a revenue balance, available for trans- fer to the fiscal year 1937, of $5,425.921.78. Maj. Donovan presented estimates of revenues from various sources to show posed 1937 budget would balance. He estimated gasoline tax revenues al $2,593,280, water rents and other | water funds at $1,861,510 and trust funds at $1,360,000, making the spe- |cial funds total $5,834,790, leaving 141,647,970 of the budget total to be met out of general revenues. To this |he added several items, including | estimates of deficiencies, supplemental | appropriations and judgments, to bring the general fund requirements t0 $42,159.970. Estimates of General Revenues. Against this sum he submitted the following estimates of general rev- | enues and credits, together with the | balance: Reverue balance from 1936 Tax on real estate (esti- mated assessment of $1 1465.000.000) P Tax on property (es sessment, $75.000,000 $3.425.921.78 a )_— 1,000.000.00 property sessment. $460.000.000) _ ax on public utilitles, banks. building associ tions. " etc. Perscnal ta: vehicles Penalties taxes and special assess- 2.300.000.00 2.000.000.00 550,000.00 550.000.00 1,950.000.00 license fees ,200,000.00 Miscellaneous items. Release of revenue arising from lapsed (unexpended) balarces of appropriations Deduction of 372 from pay of policemen and fire Federal payment Total estimate of revenue for 1937, based on Com- missioners’ budget that year ——_ --$42.163.421.78 Total = estimated general und revenue, fiscal year 1937 ($1.50 tax rate and Federal obligation of $8,- 317,500) - _$42,163421.78 500.000.00 220.000.00 8.317.500.00 for, eral fund items) Revenue balance __. Analysis Summary. Maj. Donovan concluded his analysis ‘with the following: “It is estimated that the fiscal year 1937 will commence with a revenue surplus from 1936 of $3,425,921.78. On the basis of the present tax rete of $1.50 and a Federal payment of $8~ 317,500 the general fund revenue availability for the fiscal year 1937 is estimated at $42,163,421.78, an amount sufficient to meet the approval of the full amount of the Commissioners’ budget. “A tax rate of $1.50 with a Fed- eral payment of only $5,700,000 would fall short by slightly over $2,600,000 of the sum which would have to be raised should appropriations be au- thorized for general fund items in ac- cordance with the budget of the Com= missioners. “The Commissioners gave extended and careful consideration as to the manner in which additional revenue could most equitably be obtained in order to raise the additional sum of $2,600,000 to meet the payment of the general fund items as approved by them. They decided that the exist- ing tax rate of $1.50, considered with the present assessed valuation of real estate in the District of Columbia, rep- resented a fair and just tax on the owners of such property. Increase in Share Urged. “In view of all the circumstances, the Commissioners are of the opinion that the fair and equitable course to follow to provide additional revenue to meet absolutely necessary operat- ing expenses, and urgently necessary public improvements, particularly for the purpose of sites and the erection of new school buildings, is to recom- mend an increase in the smount of 42.159.970.00 $3.451.78 that the Commissioners’ pro- | 18,150,000.00 | MERRIAM CHOSEN INSTITUTE'S HEAD Pan-American Group Ends Sessions—To Meet Next in Lima. Dr. John C. Merriam, president of the Carnegie Institution of Washing- ton, was elected president of the Pan- American Institute of Geography and History at the closing session of the second general assembly at the Pan American Union yesterday. Lima, Peru, was selected as the assembly site in 1938. Both the election of Dr. Merriam and the selection of Lima were by acclamation. Dr. Merriam succeeds Dr. Wallace W. Atwood. All members of the Executive Committee were re- elected. ‘The assembly sessions, which opened in the Hall of the Americas in the Pan-American Union Building Mon- day, closed at noon yesterday with an address by Assistant Secretary of State Sumner Welles. The opening session was addressed by Secretary of State Cordell Hull, who told the dele- gates “the Western Hemisphere must carry the torch of civilization for the rest of the world.” Following the same general theme as his chief, Welles expressed appre- ciation to the delegates for their de- liberations and for the effect they are destined to have upon the good will of the American republics, and then sald: “The warm personal relation- ships which often in the last analysis form the basis of understanding and determine the course of progress . . . could not be successfully carried through except by international co- operation such as this4institute affords. “Not only are these efforts valuable in the world of geography and his- ,” he continued. “I am con- vinced that the interests of peace will be served when knowledge has re- moved from the picture the geographi= cal uncertainties which so often cause the friction which precedes a con- flagration.” All sessions of the institute have been carried on in three languages— English, Spanish and Portuguese. It was by the work of Jose Tercero, interpreter and translator at the Pan- American Union, that the delegates were able to unscramble the multi- plicity of language. A.F.of L. (Continued From First Page.) told reporters nothing of the kind ever before had happened at a federa- tion convention. After shouting down a proposal to | set up an independent labor party the convention adopted a constitu- tional amendment designed to combat Communism. The amendment provided: “No organization officered or con- trolled by Communists, or any person espousing Communism or advocating the violent overthrow of our institu- tions, shall be allowed recognition or representation on eny central body or State Federation of Labor.” Result of Compromise. This was a compromise instructing | city and State federations of labor to | zefuse seats to Communists as dele- | gates, but leaving intact the right of international and national unions to give membership to Communists. The Executive Council had rec- ommended that the amendment also provide for expulsion of individual Communists from unions and Com- munist-controlled unions from the fed- eration. Lewis let it be known he would op- pose the council's proposal on the ground that a union had the right to decide its own membership. In the debate preceding, Joseph P. Ryan, president of the Longshoremen's Union, pledged that his organization ranks. Daniel Tobin, president of the teamsters, said the amendment was not intended to “railroad radicals.” proved a Communist before he could be barred, Tobin said. Lewis said that his organization supported the report—that his or- ganization always had and still did oppose Communism. The Lewis-Hutcheson fight grew out of the bitter personal feeling that has developed out of the controversy be- tween craft and industrial unionists over how mass production industry workers should be organized. ‘When the convention voted on the craft unionists won by an overwhelm- ing vote. In view of this vote, the Resolu- tions Committee today recommended rejection of resolutions introduced by rubber and auto workers calling on the federation to keep craft unions out of their industries. William Thompson, an Akron, Ohio, rubber worker, was speaking against the committee’s report when Hutcheson, one of the craft union leaders, asked the chair to rule the speaker out of order. The issue had been settled, he said. “Small Potatoes.” After some discussion of Hutche- son’s point, Lewis urged Thompson be permitted to continue. The champion of the industrial unionists, Lewis called Hutcheson's objection “small potatoes.” Hutcheson retorted that eating small potatoes was what had made him so big. Others continued the discussion. Lewis quietly moved to Hutcheson’s side. Words were exchanged and the fight started. While Green furiously rapped for order, hundreds of delegates closed around the combatants. The hall rang with the shouting. Blows were exchanged on the side. After peace was restored—the whole affray lasted only a few minutes—the convention sustained vhe committee on the rubber resolu- tion. After hours of debate, similar —— $5,700,000 to $8,317,500. This increase was not approved by the Budget Bureau. It was, however, approved by the Senate in the District appropri= ation bill for that year, but was nob agreed to in conference. “The Commissioners, in again recom- mending a Federal payment of $8,317,= 500 as the Government’s share of.local expenses and improvements for the next fiscal year, would call attention to the fact that the reduction in the Federal payment. to $5,700,000 was made by Congress on the recommenda- tion of the Budget Bureau. The right to recommend an increase in the Fed= wag going to keep the Reds out of its | A delegate to a central body or| State federajion would have to be| general issue Wednesday night the | Selassie Orders Solders to Wear Soiled Garments By the Associated Press. ADDIS ABABA, October 19.— Attempting to make his soldiers as poor targets for the enemy as possible, Emperor Haile Selassie today ordered all Ethiopian troops to wear soiled shirts and pantaloons in battle, discarding the customary pure white gar- ments of the Ethiopian. As the Ethiopian warriors do their most deadly work in night fighting, when they resemble whiteclad ghosts, the Emperor, by today’s order, made the fierce soldiers even moce dangerous for Premier Mussolini’s legions. Halle Selassie also directed sol- diers and civilians to refrain from using elaborate harnesses, gilded shields, gold embroidered capes, multi-colored shirts and conspicuous headdress, as a fur- ther attempt at camouflage as well as & measure of economy. NORRIS HITS COSIS AND SPOILS RULE Nebraskan Fails to Say Whether He Will Back New Deal in 1936. By the Assocated Press. Nebraska’s independent Senator Norris gave a spotted indorsement to the New Deal yesterday, but said he -didn’t like politics in the Post Office Department and that there was too much spending. The Republican independent Who supported Mr. Roosevelt for President in 1932 did not say whether he would renew that support in 1936. He said in an interview that his criticisms were not in the nature of an attack and added: “I'm going to support whatever I think is right and which I want to see succeed.” His criticism of the Post Office De- partment was aimed at the recent displacement of @ postmaster in Bos- ton after a career of 37 years’ satis- factory service by a “purely partisan political appointment.” Own Party Guilty. Norris added, though, that the Re- publicans had indulged in the same sort of “machine politics.” In his complaint that there was too much spending by the Govern- ment Norris left unanswered his ques- | tion, “but what are we going to do to meet the situation that confronts | us?” “We will have to spend a great deal | more money before we get through | and meet the unemployment situ- ation,” he added. “My own idea is that the best friend of the administration is one who offers constructive criticism,” he said. “A great deal—in fact, I think most—of the criticism that is made against the administration is not constructive.” Fears Farley Erred. “The Republicans cannot criticize it constructively because they are guilty of the same methods themselves | in the line of machine politics.” He said he thought the Bostor ap- pointment was “a very serious mis- | take by Mr. Farley and one that will be injurious to the administration.” | “That has happened in a general way all over the country,” he added. | “The evil that has existed for years in the Post Office Department ought to be eliminated. It ought to be a great business institution as free from politics as a store on the public streets of any city.” e New York Woman te Speak. Mrs. David de Sola Pool, former | president of the New York Chapter of the Hadassah, will address the Wash- | ington group at a meeting Tuesday at 2:30 pm. in the Jewish Community | Center. Mrs. Leopold V. Friedberg, | | president of the Washington Chapter of the organization, will preside. —_— FIRSTDIVISION. . TROOPS IN REVIEW Commemorate Anniversary of Entrance Into World War Trenches. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, October 19.—In what ‘was officially described as the greatest concentration of Army regulars in the metropolitan area since the World War, 1,100 men and officers of the 1st Division staged a review and sham battle today at Fort Hamilton. The occasion was the commemora« tion of October 21, 1917, when the first troops of the 1st Division went into the trenches in France to remain for 220 days of active combat. Some 500 veterans of the 1st Divi- sion, A. E F., were on hand for today's program, a bit plumper than they were 18 years ago, perhaps, but none the less smart a body of men in review | and drill as the “youngster regulars.” ‘The 6,000 spectators who jammed the stands erected on the drill field sat under bright skies during the en- | tire day’s activities. A half dozen | bands played accompaniments to the maneuvers of the soldiers as they marched down the fleld, and later. under smoke screens, deployed and “attacked” a bridge. On display were many of the Army's most modern pieces of field equipment, including the present day 75s and a portable field station replete with radio and telephones. The principal speaker after the fleld exhibitions was Maj. Gen. Lucius R | Holbrook, commandant of the 1st Division, who ennounced his transfer | to the Philippines. Also in the reviewing stand was Brig. Gen. Stanley Ford, whom the veterans recalled as chief of stafl of the 27th Division, A. E, F., during the war. { Among the units which participated | in the program were the 16th Infantry and 1st Motor Transport of Fort Jay, N. Y.; 26th Infantry, Plattsburg, N. | ¥.; 28th Infantry, Fort Niagara and Fort Ontario, N. Y.; 1st Engineers, Fort Dupont, Del.; 5th Field Artillery, Madison N. Y.; 6th Field Artillery, Fort Hoyle, Md.; Tth Field Artillery, Fort Ethan Allen, Vt.; Ist Medical Corps, Carlisle, Pa., and the 1st Signal Corps, Fort Monmouth, N. J. | —_—— — PLAYERS TO ORGANIZE Convent Alumnae Meets Today to Form Odeon Group. A group of alumnae of the George- town Visitation Convent will meet this afternoon in the convent, Thirty- fifth and P streets, to organize “The Georgetown Odeon Players.” The group, under the supervision of Mrs. Marie Forrest, Miss Mary Olive O’Connell, Miss Rita Beuchert and Miss Nancy Ordway, will meet regu- larly on Monday evenings at 7:30 o'zlock at the Georgetown Community Center in the Gordon Junior High Popular Music on the Accordion in 20 Easy Lessons! ——and an instru- ment and the lessons both to- gether will cost only $1.50 weekly. Our modern, simplified method Similar Offers | action was taken on the automobile | resolution. Both Lewis and Hutcheson are big | men, each weighing more than 200 pounds. Each is upward of 50 years old. | Much of the final session went to a discussion of the Executive Council’s report on discrimination against Ne- | groes by trade unions. | Philip Randolph, president of the Sleeping Car Porters' Union, called the report “evasive,” but Green de- | fended it as the only practicable step the federation could take. The report recommended that the federation urge all unions to take in Negroes. of instruction makes learning the accordion so simple that aver- age students ean play simple tunes in a very short time. Come in for a free dem- onstration lesson —we'll show you just how easy it is. * Homer L. Kitt Co. 1330 G Street Saxophone Xylophone Violin Cornet Banjo Guitar Trombone Clarinet Trumpet NEVER When emergencies tide you over. Should you need addi eral payment would therefore appear to rest with that bureau.” A WORRYING best-planned budgets, only money can vided for in your budget—come in for a friendly talk with any of our officers. We are aiways glad to help. Loans are usually made the day following the return of application. Morris Plan Bank 1408 H St. N.W. HELPS arise, upsetting the tional funds not pro-