Evening Star Newspaper, May 27, 1931, Page 8

WASHINGT( IN,” D. C., WED. : THE EVERING S8STAR, NESDAY, MAY 27, 1931. e e et e e e B — ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Sunday & Vatican mail van, it is al- leged, was attacked by Fascists and its drivers were maltreated. A number of other violations of the rights of “Catho- lic Action” members is cited by Os- servatore Romano. ‘The Fasclst newspaper quotes leaders of the church organization as having warned its members to boycott Pascismo or subject themselves to the implication of “betraying the Catholic Church.” A certain Monsignor Plzzardo 1s reported te have defined the mission of “Cath- olic Action” as one “not only of re- acting sgalnst anti-Catholicism, but also of taking possession of power.” It 15 not difficult to imagine the emotions of 11 Duce and his cohorls in the pres- ' THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday -.r-nu_um:-.__ H "WASHINGTON, D. C. ‘WEDNESDAY. . THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: ™ nnsylvania Ave Rate by Carrler Within the City. e Evening Bllll'! 45¢ per month ehon 4} Il"fl‘d rm per mouth hen s “:'vh‘!'n 5 “f wper month 4 ¥ e e Tollestion made at the ed'6f exclt manth of H §5ders may e sem iu by mail or lelepions Ational $000. Rate by Maill—Paya® : in Advance. ence of even such reputed challenge of (heir autocratic authority. The population of Italy is over-; { Maryland and Virgin'a. d Sunda: yr. $10.00: 1 mo.. iy Sais ® 1., 36000 1 mo’. nday only 3400 1 mo! All Other States and Canada. y d_ Sund: 1yr.$12.50: 1 mo.. $1 1 .“l“ gt 13r. $8.00. 1 mo.. 13RI 3600 1 mos whelmingly Roman Catholic. It mant- |festly lies in the Fascist interest o | maintain the most cordial relations with the Vatican State. But Muss lini is not likely to tolerate anvthing remotely resembling a possibility of gy curtailing his rule. The papal states- Member of the Associated Prem. |, yhose wisdom is proverblal, will, o e e e e ain o4 il news\ly |on their part, hardly countenance ac- s baper and alss Ghe local Siews | Uvitles that' could undermine the e e retivs Moriia wre bida sesarved. | vestige of restored temporal power won il 4 | under the Lateran sccord. ¥ it | Sporadic outbreaks like those which Increased Water Bills. ‘Ilh\e just occurred may be reproduced | Due to the drought, leaks which 80, 1,50e or less aggravated form. Ne- unnoticed in hom> fixtures and the 1n- g,y 400 and compromise, it is even more stallation of household sppliances in-, L oite will find & way of preventing creasing the consumpiion of Watel' | e excesses from developing into a ‘Washington’s water bills have taken &/ yi,jent breach between Fasclsmo and ! big jump. Authorities at the District| e ubal government. Bullding, examining the bills before o they were mailed out, were so Impressed i 4 by the extrecrdinary increases that an Price of Disarmament. investigation was undertaken to de-| Senator William E. Borah, chairman termine the ccuses in advance of the!of the Senate Forelgn Relations Com-| protests. Th: protests have been re-[mittee, in & frank discussion of the ceived and the causes have been elab- | problem of diskrmament, takes & gioomy orated at length. | view. ‘The great stumbling blocks, from The most important cause, which a practical point of view, Mr. Borah Teccives the Jeast emphasis, is, as far |insists, are the.denial of the right to as the city as a whole is cqncerned, |revise the post-World War treaties of the boost of approximately 25 per peace, including the Versallles treaty, eent in the rate for water which !and the Russian situation. The peace went into effect at the be'lllllllll‘lrenlles, Mr. Borah asserts, “could not of the fiscal year in which bills now are 'be sustalned or maintained except v nday oaiy T not oilierw 1 | | with death their probable fate should they fail to reach their destination. All but one of the transatlantic planes will carry two persons! That one will be piloted by & woman alone, Miss Ruth Nichols, who has achleved remarkable success in the air, holding both the al- litude and speed records for her sex. She intends to follow the Lindbergh trail to Paris while the others have various destinations, two of them, if they suc- ceed In crossing the Atlantie, planning 1o keep on around the world. At some time in the future the At- lantic, and possibly the Pacific. ma be flown by a woman alone. the same token, a rcmarkable around- the-world record may be established in an airplane, but these feats should be wisely reserved for that time when im- provements in planes and motors re- move some of the hazards that now exist. Undouktedly, the flyers who are now champing st the bit possess the best machines yet manufactured. But these are not good enough. Granting that all the pllots have attained skill of the highest order and that their motors and planes should function perfectly, even that is not enough. Instruments have not been perfected to the point where, should inclement weather over- take them, they would be able, except by the sheerest luck, to complete their trip. So, with present-day planes and mo- tors and present-day instruments, the sirplane is not a fit vehicle to conquer the Atlantic, especially in view of the fact that only a modicum of glory would attach to lucky success and that death very probably awaits a failure. Far better for these fiyers to develop thelr art in & safe and sane manner and be prepared at some future time to startle the world with really scientific ! achievements, B A Tokio scientist declares that the low stature of the Japanese is due to the racial hablt of squatting. It is wendered if he ever heard of the Zulus and kindred peoples, who, though averaging neerly six feet in height, for untold centuries hdve squatted as often and as long as the subjects of the | And BY | yygs put it is Tather disturbing to the THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Do you thoughtlessly maintain a bird trap, when all the time you supposed you had a bird-feeding station? A fecding station is a nice adjunct to a yard, but if it is low to the ground, angd especially if it is close to shrub- bery, it is nothing but a trap. ‘This sad state of affairs arises on ac- count of Tory, Tabby, and ¢’en Puss-in- 00Ls. The Lord God made cats to catch birds, and to him or her who likes both | cats and birds. ‘The bird lover, as such, is perhaps | they insist on at_them like | fire engine, thus warning their objective by scaring it. ‘The art of bird catching, to a cat must be a vastly more intricate subject than it seems to us human beings who happen to watch, * K k% The sliest cats are those old fellows who yoam & neighborhood 24 hours a day and seldom catch birds in sight of their own balliwicks. It is against such cats that the lover of birds should take measures to pro- tect birds, not by harming the cat, for | after all he only does what Nature di- -half as much as | rects -him to do, but by putting fondness for both | feeding station out of his reach. not perturbed by the bird-catching proclivities of cats one: the person who has a of them. * K ok ok If you like both cats and birds, both birds and cats, you will find yourselt lamenting the catches of the cats and | the stupidity of some birds. K | You will get no joy out of the shining eyes of the cats as they come up with | their prey, nor will you be able to look | indifierently upon their activities. If you have a fondness for birds, as ‘well as for cats, you will do all in your | power to protect them, and never place a feeding station in such a location that it becomes, by the very reason of | that placement, a veritable trap. ‘The long trough on a stake, some | three or four feet high, is a nice ar- | | ticle and would do ver; 'y well if it were not for the cats. If placed in the middle of a lawn it see the cats coming. * ok ok Placed near shrubbery, however, the feeding station of this type can be re- gurded as nothing but a bait or a trap, luring birds to their doom. A cat lurking i the shrubbery can wait quietly until a bird strays one inch too close to him. Then he leaps, Even if the animal were equipped with a bell, it would do no good in such a case. That last leap is deadly, and the clink of a bell would make little if any difference in its toll. In the matter of bird catching, cats differ widely, although all delmfi in the sport. And it is a sad fact t a cat does mot discriminate between song birds and plain ordinary varieties, such a8 SparTows, etc. * ok ok ok For every real hunter cat there will It is likely that the birds prefer their food in a station swung out from a branch in a tree. That makes their surroundings natural, makes them feel at home, and at the same time protects them, It is not generally known that doge, too, will catch birds, if they get a chance. They are such clumsy bluster- | ers that ordinarily they never get a chance. * ok ok ok | A feeding station is pueferably sus- | pended from the outer tip of a long branch, of sufficient strength to support | the station, but not big enough around ! to give Tom and Tabby a firm support. They are cautious about such ca i walks, and will not venture out on such a branch if it impresses them as be- | ing insecure. The station may be on | would not be o bad, for the birds could 2 Pulley, thus permitting it to be low- for replenishment and cleaning. | There are several excellent types of bird-feeding stations on the market which contain hoppers for grain, which feed the seed into a panlike arrange- ment, and which do not require reload- ing very often. The birds are protected in this shelter, both from marauders | and the elements. % h It will be noticed vhat we have kept out of this discussion all mention of the man or woman who curses cats, | ered (one and all, and heartily wishes them Court no part in the scheme of things. Our belief is that he or she who really likes dogs will have a corner in his (or her) heart for cats, and that the admirer of birds will likewise see something leasing and interesting wbout both dogs and cats. In other words, if one really loves animals, he cannot set one creature off Roger Sherman, the “Shoemaker-Statesman’ To the Editor of The Star: A few oul facts about some f the members of bumg("muv‘gm hundred years ago ma, T- your readers. ‘IL author of of these men, Charles A. blished his first sketches in &n. 1829. Of says: “It remains for us their long their fame cannot die, for it is reflected from the surface of everything that is beautiful and val- uable in our land.” “We cannot recur too often, nor dwell too long, upon the lives and characters of such men.” we inhale the moral atmosphere in the | which they moved, we must feel its purifying and invigorating influence.” Amcng these men, Roger Sherman can be claimed by two states, Massa- chusetts and Connecticut. A native of Newton, Mass., where he was born in 1721, he became later, in 1743, & resi- dent of New Milford, Conn., walking merchant and went into partnership with his brother. Having a great thirst for knowledge, his impro nt was rapid and the variety and e: t of his altainments at this early age are almost incredible. “He had unusual skill in the sclence of mathematics. In 1745 at the age of 24, he was appointed to the office of county surveyor, and had at this time made no small advance in the science of astronomy. * * * As early as 1748 he supplied the astronomical calcula- tions for an almanac published in the city of New York and continued this supply for several years”” Mr. Sher- man was married twice, losing his first wife by death in 1749, 'He was the fa- ther of 15 children Mr. Sherman was admitted to the bar in 1754 anA from this date became distinguished a judicious counselor and was ras promoted to offices of trust and ®esponsibility,. In 1761 he became 8 ®fsident of New Haven, and in 1765 ¥re was appointed judge of the of Common Pleas, and about that time was made treasurer of Yale College. He was judge of the Superior Court until 1789, when he resigned on being elected to Congress. “Of the important services which he rendered his country during his con- al career it is imj ble to orm an estimate. * * * Hepol‘:l"'!d on them the | IDgto! BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. This is & devoted e to':he‘ dis] e te.rhl:s services paper puts at your of an extensive organization in Wash- n serve in any capacity | that relates to information. This serv- ice is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you | are entitied. Your obligation is only 2 cents in coin or stamps, inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Address | The Evening Star Information Bureau, J. Haskin, director, Washing- | R ton, D. C. Q. When was “Alexander's Ragtime Band” first sung?—W. G. A. It was written in 1910 and pub- | lished in 1911. It was first sung by Mr. | Berlin in the 1911 Priar's Prolic. Q. Which borough in Greater New }{n;k Lhu the largest population?— "A Brooklyn Borough leads with a Bronx is third with 1,265,258; Queens is fourth with 1,079,- and Richmond, fifth, with a popu- | lon of 158,346. Q. Why is graham flour so called?— | W. T. | A. It bears the name of Dr. Sylvester Graham, who lectured in this country extensively from 1830 to 1840. He rec- | ommended using entire meal, calling | attention to the benefits derived from so0 doing. . Will the United States Govern- | ment postmark the letters carried to the North Pole on the Nautilus>—E. F. B, A. The Post Office Department says that the carrying of mall on the Nau- tilus, Sir Hubert Wilkins' ship, is not sponsored by the Post Office Depart- ment. The mail will not be postmarked | officially by the Government. The ex- pedition is, however, und-rtaking to | carry letters to the Pole and mail them | to their owners upon its return. Are there regulations making it necessary to announce the fact when ;evco‘;vds are played over the radio?— A. General Order No. 787 of the | Federal Radio Commission provides as | follow. “All broadcastin stations | shall announce clearly and distinctly the character of all mechanical re- productions broadcast by them, the announcement to immediately precede L ! f Q. How large is the largest Bible in * e b s to b o Sl pebdsed 3 to by Louis Waynal and his® Sanghies Theresa, of Los Angeles. It weighs 1,004 pounds and is 8 feet high. The makers ;pex:’c about two years printing it by and. Q. How many American soldlers were. executed for major crimes conmitted in gr‘l;’lce during the World War?— A. The annual report of the judge advocate general for the fiscal year end= ed June 30, 1019, says that 10 capital sentences adjudged by genersl courts martial against members of the Ameri~ can expeditionary forces in Europe were carried into execution. All of the mem- bers referred to were executed by being hanged. Q. Why is Fiesta year?—L. . A. 1t is so called because varfous eities in California are celebrating historical events, Q. Does sea water weigh more at the bottom of the ocean than it does at the surface?—N. S, A. Water is very nearly incompres- sible, and at the bottom of the ocean in this called California C. O. | the deepest places weighs only about 5 per cent more than an equal volume at the surface. Q. What are the six axioms of the Arthurian romances?—W. H. A. There was no braver ‘more noble King than Arthur; no ?lrlrel' or more faithless wife than Guinevere; no truer pair of lovers than Tristan and Iseult; no knight more faithful than Sir Kaye; none so brave and amorous as Sir Launcelot; none so virtuous as Sir Galahad. Q. Please name the Presidents who were dark-horse candidates—W. 8. A. They were Presidents Polk, Plerce, Hayes, Garfield and Harding. Q. Why is a place for identification % uhx‘xknown dead called a morgue?— A. The old French word meant ' look at solemnly. The name comes froir the building in Paris, dating from the fifth century, to which unknown persans who had perished by accident, murder or suicide were taken. 1s orangewood the only wood used Q. in the so-called orange sticks?—K. 8. A. These manicure sticks are made it - | the ordtcesnvolving the highest in- |the broadcasting of each record. In | o orangewood, lemonwood, boxwood be a score of hunting dubs, according | 85 the only sort to be loved, but will | {oreets of tho country. * * * Few men | such announcements each * * * phono- Mikado, to our observation, extending over eight | have enough of the milk of human being. received. The increase was put | through sheer military force.” He adds: v into effect to finance extensive improve- | “So Jong as all right, through peaceful | ments in the distribution system. The | methods, to revise the Versuilles treaty | Federal Government and the Municipal | is denied. 1 do nob expect tu sée any years. This is the reason why 1t is foolish to | raise such a hue and cry about the | birds being “cxterminated” by the cats. Recent rotogravure pictures show workmen perched on varicus points of kindness in his make-up to see the good points of all, without missing any of the bad points. Therefore the owner of a cat which Government do not pay for the water they use, and the burden of maintaining and improving the supr'y and distri- bution systems, built in partnership be- | tween the District and the Federal Governments, with the former contrib- ubing most, now falls wholly upon prop- erty owners. An increase of about 25 Per cent in water rates was necessary to meet the expenses of a five-year im- provement plan, and sn increase of that amount, falling in a year when natural conditions increased the demand for water, is of course reflected in much higher water bills. Two interesting questions mre raised. The first is whether the increased use of water, shown in the fact that sixty . per cent Instead of the normal thirty per cent of householders in the North- west section alone have exceeded the minimum consumption, will result in|in & Water Department surplus, which may be used in the speeding up of the five-year construction plan. ‘The second is whether conditions will hot persuade the authorities to & much needed consideration of the subject of & reduction in water taxes. The drought, as far as known, im- posed relatively littie additional expense on the water system. There was never & threatened shortage of water. The Authorities never were forced o caution the consumers to curb their usé of water. | The drought merely incressed the con- sumption of water and therefore the Dprofits from the sale of water. The same thing occurs when certain types of household or apartment refrigerating systems are installed which depend upon & flow of waler for operstion.|lubor and brans. ‘They increase the use of water and |impused by the viclors in | War upon the vanquished, is not con- | land dissrmament i Europe.” Just how the treaty of Versallles| should be revised the Idaho Senator does not undertake to specify. But he! leaves no doubl that he is frmly con- | vinced that the readjustment in Europe, the World | ducive to peace. Before these mdjust- | ments were made, however, the greatest | conflict so fer recorded in the world burst forth in 1914, It is obvious that W go back to the old regime would probubly not get the world very far on the road to peace and disarmament. | Perhiaps, however, there is some mlddkl yround which, if it could be arrived at through peaceful methods, as Senalor Borah suggests, might prove stable ground on which 10 base s veal dis- armament proposal. The difficully lyiug the puth of such an adjustment is the selfishness of natious and men. Seunator Borah bas for a long time taken the position that the attitude of the rest of the world, including the Uniled States, toward Russia is en- tirely wrong. He favors recognition of | the Russian Soviet government. He believes that the Russisns should be permitted snd sided W work out their| five-year economic plan, & plan whichy in sume quarters is looked upon as an effort W place Russia o 8 position W domiuate Europ: and to overrun it| iu war, He sdvances the argument that the Uunited Slates should be par- ticularly willing to aid Russia in this program because of the vast market Russia affords for American materials aud meoufactures and for American More than three {thousand American engineers and in- l the visage of George Washinglon in Pprocess of sculpture by Guizon Borglum from & mountain in South Dakota. ‘They look like fuir-sized insects. Thus also appear the deiraclors, past and preseut, of the Father of His Country. —————— The Bmperor Caligula made his fa- vorite horse & Roman consul. Is it not about time we were reading how that skittish modern Italian steed has been formally read out of the Fascist party? —————— The rate of growth of trout and other fresh-water game fish has of recent years been pretty accurately determined by ichthyologists-—that is, | while they are still in the water. ———— e The light drinker is declared a men- | ace to watfic by & California psycholo- gist. Nor does the fact that he is driv- | ing & light car ever seem to make him any the less dangerous. ——————— ‘The Spring weather must be getting into Gen. Ludendorf’s blood. The fa- mous former guartermaster general sees war not later than next July. Toduy the Barber of Seville is sup- posed Lo be just as good a man as the Monarch of Madrid. Just a brand-new Spanish custom. | Perhaps only one cat in a score is a | brings In three out of two pairs of real menace to birds, and then only rown thrushes in a week will be when he can lurk in some hidden spot | ¢aused @ great deal of pain, without to which the birds will come. knowing what to do about it at all. Birds It is amazing how clumsy many cats | Must eat, and cats must kill. It was a gre in regard to an exercise in which Dideous economy of Nature, which it might be supposed by the unob- |MAade every creature its own provider, servant that they would by Nature be Animals, no more than human beings, excel in every branch of activity. Some cannot sze their prey or food in Na- ture. Otkers do not hear well, Some are so given to creeping that they forget to jump. L We have observed cats which had the technique of the creep down to such a | perfect. pretty point that they never caught a | bird. They were so busy creeping up on thelr victim that they permitted the bird to fly away in every case. Others will catch few birds because and - constituted every eating thing | food for some other eating thing. | . The solitary brown thrush sings, but there is no joy in his song. And the hearer thinks of Walt Whitman's mocking bird, in his “Sea-Shore Mem- orles,” bereft on the nest: | “Hither, my love! Here I am! Here! Do not be decoyed elsewhere, }Thn is the whistle of the wind—it is not my voice. | O past! O life! O songs of joy! | In the air—in the woods—over fields; | Loved, loved, loved, loved, loved! | But my love no more, no more with me, | We two together no more.” WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Citizens of Pennsylvania, Ohlo, In~ di2na and Illinols who will be seeing President Hoover during the next few weeks will probably be agreeably sur- prised to observe the atmosphere of se- renity in which he now has his being. Despite the endlessness of business de- pression, the President’s bearing these days registers visibly less anxiety than seamed his countenance a year ago. A sure mark of a backward city is |Ever since Mr. Hoover's return from the fact that it still has tag days. —— e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Old Building. the profits from the sale of water with- | dusirial managers are in Russla today | There's & squatiy-looking building that A | out imposing any great additional ex- { aiding in this program, and over $200,- | was put up years ago, pense in purifying and pumping the| 000,000 of credit is being extended, with | They called it altitudinous and thought water. The increased volume of sales' many of America’s most wealthy' cor- it quite a show. of water should have the same effect on | porations doing business with the Rus-| But other structures were designed, as its price that is true in the distribution of other commodities. The aim of the suthorities should be a constant de- crease in the cost of waler. Up to this time the cost of water has been gradu- ally increasing until it now constitutes | sians. 1n the opinion of Senator Borah, | it is idie to talk of nou-recognition | !uf the Russian government under such | conditions | | The Idaho Senator s @ devoted ud- herent of propusals to disarm. But wen more daring grew, Aud this one seemed o dwindle. admirers were but few. It nestles i 8 canyon. Windows loftily aloot Its to Rico and the Virgin Islands last Winter, and especially since he resumed his week ends on the Rapidan, the Chief Engineer has looked better and felt better than he has in a long time. The presidential smile is more convineing. In private conversation Mr. Hoover's characteristic chuckles of good jumor are agaln in evidence. If things are resting heavily on the President’s thest, he bas at least acquired the art of suppressing his emotions. All this is not to suggest that Hoover thinks either the economic skies or his own political fortunes are cloudless, It merely means that the President ap- pears to have determined not to over- draw his account in the bank where statesmen deposit thelr worries. * Kok % It begins to look &s if the United States Supreme Court now has its Big | Four of dissenters. In the,past “Holmes sections. Reassembled, the pl came the chief decorative AX:I-C the table of honor. Guggenh:im to speak, e of dor arose he re- in an airplane but never before an airplane in his dinner. I Columbia University and the In- stitute of American Meat Packers—the | world and the flssh as it were—have | Joined hands for a so-called “friendship dinner” in New York on October 21. They have worked out an ambitious program of speakers, who include | Briand, Lloyd George and _Orlando, war-time prime minister of Italy and one of Mussolini’s pet aversions. Ameri- Ty the pi are also to be invited to sit at the table of honor—“among the wax works,” as Irvin Cobb calls it. According to Dr. Butler, president of Columbia, the pur- pose is to “bring about a further un- derstanding of national and interna- tional problems of peace, reconstruction and good will, ‘The Utoplan feast is sponsored by a board of honorary chair- men including Thomas A. 'Edison, Henry Ford, Cyrus H. K. , Jullus Rosenwald, Orville Wright, Adolph 8. Ochs, Thomas W. Lamont, George East- man, Charles M. Schwab and Harvey 8. Firestone. * ok kX Wwere ever more highly esteemed in Connecticut and the people respected him for his abilities, but still more for his unbending inf “Mr. Sherman contribuf small degr in no ee to the perfection of the Federal Constitution, and he served the country until his death in 1793, He was uninfluenced by passion, prejudice or interest, and it was probably owin; to this trait in his character that he enjoyed such exiraordinary influence in" those deliberative bodies of which | th he was a member.” “No man was lis- tened to with deeper astention which arose from the solid conviction of his | hearers that he was an honest man.” “He was long a professor of religion and one of its brightest ornaments. It was with him a princi and a habit. Few men had a higher reverence for deeper atiention: ew “were meve o per &l : few ‘e more in- timately acquainted with its doctrines and with the metaphysical controver- sles of the day. If the character of Tils 15 producss, ne rostion oF Me ruits produces, of ‘Mr. | Sherman must be admitted to have bee;:x not of t:usuvllorld:' . “He was naturally possessed of passions, but over those he at le: obtained _extraord: control. e i-posscased T’ ¢he nncription self-possessed.” In 3 writien upon the tablet which covers his tomb, one reads: He R marked that he had often had dinner | i | Lincoln’s Revilers Are Scored for Their Words ‘The recent publication rewtct‘x::g Lincoln's ~ story-teling livity prolixity is another omu :t the delight which some perverse minds take l& "gp:ewamx ’m :;mu:: of detrac- n,” as one of my friends many ago described d:‘l’ ey a case of personal pom The greatness of and the beneficence of his vements need no other proof than that his de- tractors needed to tuitous derogation fect in his record. r to have acted on b a lve, give But supposing that it is true that he in the privacy of social conversation, occasionally or even often, illustrated , by that would n;:m ! graph * * * record used * * * should be described by the use of the exact words, This is a talking machine record’ or ‘This is a phonograph record.’” Q. What is meant by the power trust, as expression is now used in the newspapers?—N. E. J. A. 1t refers to 41 corporations owned and controlled by 5 dominant_ com- | pani he General Electric Co. of Schenectady, N. Y., and its subsidiaries; e Doheny, Morgan and Ryan inter- | ests of New York, and the Insull inter- ests of Chicago. Q. What is the doctrine of material- Ism?—C. P. A. A. Materialistic theories vary, but the most widely accepted form regards all 8] of sentient and mental life as products of the organism and the uni- verse itself as resolvable into terms of Pphysical elements and their motions. fie the Hen-and-Chickens A are two grouns with this name. They are widely separated, one b’mfl the coast of Labrador in the Northern Hemisphere and one off the meium-—r. IE and birch. Q. What kind of is called a black-and-tan?—J. G.dl:‘ . The Manchester terrier, breed, is called a black-and-tan. 5% Juat are the oldest colors?— ‘A." The oldest existing colors created by man .were found in a cavern by the Cro-Magnon race in around 10000 B.C. They were and yellow produced by daubing a clay containing iron (ocher) on walls in the form of a Nqi’ Where and what is Kahoolawe?— ‘A. " Kahoolawe (pronounced Ka-ho- o-la-way, with the accent on la) is & lesser island of the Hawalian :h“g“‘m near the is Ppolitically. little on the island other than a volcanic hill in the ce: house in a bend of the the Q. Whers is of fnncy Hanks, | coast of New Zealand in the Southi | Hemisphere. i "A.. It is in the ¥ - P p-v!ymnd John Linked With Many who comment upon the utter- ances of Pope Pius XI in connection with an encyclical on the fortieth anni- versaty recall a similar statement Pope'L:o XIII. His A should be such as y to satisfy the legitimate requirements of an honest workingman, not only for but also for his family,” meets with T i, 50 y of n for AT 1 “He a volce other voices caling for a better organi- zation of society and a fairer di of the rewards of industry,” says the Newark Evening News, suggest that “the wide contacts of the Vatican with all parts of the world and its the cause of the less privileged make Plus' voice most influential.” The Columbus Ohio State Journal offers the optnion: “The problem which must be solved is one of opportunity. It must not be denied to any man that he have the right to work and earn a living. Such paradoxical situations as we have today, a surplus of commodities while le lack the necessaries of life, must. ironed oul Pope’s Encyclical on Labor Current Views Courageously the encyclical exposes present-day nostrums for soclal ills,” remarks the Cleveland News, advising that “it serves as an excellent guide for social and economic relations where.” The New Yark feels that “it may well his person | ards effots wages in the United States.” buque Catholic Daily Tribune 'a wonderful, clear, concise lesson,” and claims: “What a rejuvenation of so- ciety would become a reeiity if this les- son would find a willing echo by the people of the world!” Guze down upon the chimneys and the t is vmwu?n: flagpole on its rouf. cas not to mention i the millions who nightly giggle at the double-entendres and worse that occa- linn:.lly. debase our public entertain- ments. That he might have tol ““The address will be widely read, not only by workers but by students, thinkers, statesmen and employers,” d clares the Scranton Times, with em- phasis upon the fact that the “pleads for cessation of opposition be- ld many such | tween the classes and harmonious col- is no more of a than if he | laboration between the various trade might have told a few. The number | groups.” The Chicago Daily News feels um:u vmzty wollx’ld' not be Jlule of &hlt );;o;;:ld no‘l’?mwm:i nt‘ttxle: tbb.u.: moral attitude, but rather ew col ns in mind,” o versatility and pow mental | s, “The enligtened friends of ‘order, |, <The world needs nothing so much as ‘When in that res) the rude sur-|peace and justice are not unmindfui|the acknowledgment ig ng;l a'; ‘: . roundings o‘{x his fm. , the coarse g} their obuntl’:ns tommletty.‘ and n;s ties of human brother] m‘n companionships of earlier manhood | Pope’s message is significant of a wor] e e e g ey R l.lvlnn as a laborer, a far-reaching results for good. Pope “gives strong reinforcement to the “While capital must be willing to adopt i X i rds of li |and Brandeis dissenting” has been the | formula. The way things have bcen going the formula henceforward will |read “Holmes, Brandeis, Stone and | Hughes dissenting.” Recently the dis- senters on questions involving “liberal” interpretations of the law have com- prmed a quintet of assenters, includ- |ing Mr. Justice Roberts. As an emi- not{unm W-l{l.letmycme Although the 1932 boom sprouting the first stone, season is still a year away, planting has begun in many parts of the country. | In Indiana, where polities is in flower all the time, the ambitions of Represent- ative Louis Ludlow are beginning to blossom. The Democratic journalist- statesman from Indianapolis has de- signs on the toga of “Jim” Watson. Republican Senate leader, who is up for re-election next year. Once upon @ time Ludlow represented the Colum- bus Dispatch in the Washington press gallery. Ohio hasn’t anything to say about Indiana politics, but the tch has taken charge of the Ludlow m on the ground that having been a live- | wire newspaper correspondent here, Ludlow has amply proved his right to & seat on the floor of the Senate, * K X % & material item in taxes to the already tax-burdened owner of real estate. . ———a created a wider and larger distribution of buying power than that attained in other nations of the present or the past. It is far from perfect, however, and many improvements remain to be made. The Pope's frank discussion of this suo- i!:.r“ along with many others of a sim- nature is a distinct contribution to- ward the erection of a better foundation . upon which to build future growth.” 'd\sax‘nnnn:n'. cannot take place while| | there 1s no real witl for § in the! Nobody litis his head today and turns | nations, nor can it take pifte when| a wondering eye Having given his fellow magnates & suspicion and fear of neighboring na- | On the squatty-looking building that we 2 & | q scolding, virtually in public, Presl- | tions are Larbored in the hearts and| used 1o think was high. . { dent Farrell of U. 8, Steel tu:ns around | minds of the peoples of Burope, and | ¥ ki : ca. The pi | Oh, many = glimpse of stos es a) #nd tells the country to cheer up as the | indeed of America. The picture painted | m" e z nl{!fl l:mm ) {nent commentator puts I, “The old worst is not to come. by Mi. Borsh of the present situation | es in J | minority has become the new majority.” - - | relating w srmaments s dark. Near 1y1 As the theme of song and story with & | e dccasinnz t:‘kel the one &ecbla:n;; : : ! r . ! nation’s compliments. | California’s red flag law unconstitutional, Fascism' and'the Vatioan, |2 ber cent of all the budgets of the| &CRINE SIRIEEE. o teled for |the one spproving the Indiana Sate b ears sgo today King Victor| GUI€rent nations go for wars, past or| tax on chain stores ané the one refus- TLE. sy 2 .. expected, be points out. He might have | Posterity to see ing to hold the “radio trust” innocent Bmmanuel signed the Lateran trealy | ... (il tiat even in the United | That doesn’t even make the tourist|of anti-monopoly violations all breathe establishing the new relations between b it ok tlan the spirit of liberalism. The Holmes- | States, devoted as it i3 10 peace, out| Query, “Who 1e? | ¢ sy iy Italy and the Church of Rowe, and 1 o | Brandels - Stone - Hughes coml n 3 X ' ity of | VT mN average wunual expenditure of | As other times brig other men trl- | injeseq by only one vote the enforce- m":‘}:;‘“l‘\h;ln"‘l’k:“,;‘::‘:";““/"‘!i““l;' $4.000000.000 for governmental pur-| UmPhant to our view, | ment of its view on the righta of cii- i3 s, 25 The w forgets the ol - | zens TSOR Oppose o City.” The new concordat also con- | PO%CS more than $2500,000.000 go for | The world 1428 S O COE | bearing. Speaking of arms, Justice stituted 1n effect a treaty of peace be- | P4t WS and natioual defense. leav-| tion of the new. tween the ;mt overument and the M€ $1.500.000.000 only for the more|And we mention bygone greatness with Holy See, In ;;ru‘cu'lr aud from the PeAceiul pursuils of geverument. [ SRR EnAR I an unselfish attitude,” says the Hamilton (Ontarlo) Spectator, “labor also must be grepued to collaborate to the full in bringing about the necessary re- forms.” That paper, recalling the en- clical of 40 years ago, suggests that “the position today is entirely different from what it was then: but it cannot said that conditions are yet what no taint upon his moral ideals, D. J., Callahan of Washington, su-|that he erected in his mind, his soul preme teasurer of the Knights of Co- |and his deeds, the transcendent figure lumbus, is one of the first possessors of | which all to whom sincerity, nobility, a complete collection of the coins of | sympathy and beneficent achievement Vatican City. They became legal tender | are virtues cannot diate remedy he recommends is one which accords with the prevailing eco- nomic thought of the time.” but revere. economist knows,” | Roberts is on the Supreme Court bench papal standpoint, it seemed to include How loug, the Seénastor asks, can the peoples of the world continue to bear | It is like the good old building that we used to think was high, on May 25, when the papal government bl it exchanged ratifications of the monetary No breath of scandal fouled the presi- dential surroundings during his occu- ‘Wayne News-Sentinel, “that far-reach- they should S R e Tgh) e ing reforms could be efected, in this * K ok % at present with his big left arm in a the guarantees nccessary W cloihe L sling. the aftermath of a spill from his laly and i i " SIS Ohulech (6 Hinlynd se Whale | imatienter” iow long can they con-| IORSN IS VA . saddle. 2 with due liberty and independ- “Of o % . Wik Hora B t Unue to meet these expenditures out| “Of course, you rely on the wisdom of in the realm of “spiritual goyv- Lt [ oo 9% | ot their toil und sweut while their lead- | 'he Plain “‘I‘x'”']‘s o AL S L B TR 1 o i | “Yes” repliwl Senator Sorghum. “But | things assert that the effect at the o ral cCH . tIs conlinue to prattle of eace and | fince ' the J"“"“‘ l:‘:"’l‘: "““‘““,d‘, MEtesabout i7" Benstor ; r:“ n.:v there are times when I expect them to i%v:«;x ;"‘"";'é}%lq?'lofi.*;’,xf?gflfiesl’ effective on June 20, there L i or Bo s Ao . S e ¥ % been recurrent evidences of friction be- | Piesented & knotty problem, a problem | ¢ Wise enough to recognize the fact miu’ i did ot deceive an eagle-eyed tween the Mussolini government and | One day this week a daughter of Uncle Sam, who adorns the pay 1ol of la certain Government office associated with farm relief, turned up for work in a pair of modish lounging pajamas. laws with Italy. (Copyright, 1931.) pancy of the White House. No penny-a-liner can ever impair the historical moral grandeur of the man, who, in the midst of the most harrowing and every other country, without im- periling the acquisition of large profits. Of course, there might be an end of the sort of profits which justify lavish stock pools and four-for-one spli |lxgs And there might be an end of the shoestring speculation by which some little legal- ized gambler hcpes to get rich overs night. There might be discouragement for the miserly investor already figuring up under this wmounting burden of | lmvl'ovem:‘n“t m‘tg;cdlm‘cgmmd cong in of e, to the San fi“nl:m:h Chronicle, s cares and dangers, comrlunen replied en on speed since slavery was ended. when told that one of his ‘;l!om t { Pope Plus XI observes with gratifica- enerals was contemptuousl; m.m{w tion the real betterment which has Beliitle him, “Tell Gen. Blank. that if | tAken place in the 40 years sinte 1oy he will win the muntfii:m victories | XIII issued his enc 1 on labor— I'll hold his horse for who, | & period which 4s but a moment in Plan Eliminating Crossings. Prom the Pasadena Star-News. The State of California is taking of- ficial cognizance of the grade-crossing menace. What is termed “the most comprehensive and far-reaching study when the White House watchman was that the nations will undertake to solve | W8t My wisdom is superior to theirs.” | bureau chief. What next ensued has the Vatican State. Not until this weeg | 4t Geneva in 1932, where in the opinion | | not been revealed, but the pajama girl has the spparently latent hostility burst graphically into the open. Asso- clated Press dispalches now acknowi- edge that the public clashes between members of Catholic organizations wnd Pascists throughout Italy have brought | about & siluation not wholly devoid of the sspects of & crisis, For the mowent the situation is marked by & series of oounter charges huried by Lavoro Fascista, Mussolini organ, and Osservatore Romano, Vati- ean mouthpiece. The Fascist newspaper publishes what purporis. w be an ac- count of & secret meeting of “Catholic Action,” & nation-wide organizstion of men and women who own religious al- legiance 1o the Vatican. The Lateran sccord specifically recognizes “Catholic Action” as an official religious body. Por = long time Fascists have accused it of political activity ugainst the Black Bhirt regime. Last week Pope Pius re- oeived the delegates attending the or- Sapization’s general meeting and on #hat oocasion took cognizance of charges ‘uf the Senator there is little prospect | {of success. | Thus far the May meteorological per- | formance suggests that the Summer of | 1931 1s going to be wet and cold instead | of dry und hot, us was last Summer, | - Transatlantic Aspirants, | With the coming of seasonable :\\Ailhtr the fourth wansatlantic ai; piane race for fame appears 1o be get- | | Col. Charles A. Lindbergh stole a march on Clarence Chamberlain and Admirel | Byrd, the annual contest has going st & fever-pitch ever since despite | the fuct that the Lone Eagle's feat took all the competition and incentive out {of it. Each year, in a cesperate atiempt 10 equal Lindbergl's magnificent fiight, fiyers have gone to their death, and this year appears to be no exception. Four planes and pilots are now waiting at Long Island airports to take off on the haz- ardous Atlantic crossing in & futile ef- fort to achieve the glory that can never belong to any one but Lindbergh, and 1 Jud Tuckins says dancing is largely was missing from her desk the rest of | really us graceful as he feels. Coutusion of Ideas. When sunlight lingers in the west And winds grow warm and hazy, Sometimes you think you need a rest When you are merely lazy. Great Responsibility. “S0 you own your own farm?” “Yes," replied Farmer ! > " “An’ I want to say that the position is | ting under way. Bey in 1927, whi | 7 . iR e a hard one. The fellow that owns the | farm these days is the only one that the place.” Confusion, When Springtime glories congregate 1ts hard to keep impressions straight. The world becomes & mazy twirl, ‘Where curious fancies romp and whirl, “De man dlt'trnly skeered,” said Uncle Eben, “don’t allus lead a peaceful lite | Sometimes he gits a regular job ' ation { & matter of self-deception; no man is the forenoon, and the story goes that she was sent home and told to get into some day clothes. * kK * One of the United States Navy's most experienced medical officers, Capt. Montgomery E. Higgins, has just been sxsigned as flect surgeon of the Asiatic fieet. He will sail for ‘the Far East from the Pacific Coast in July, to join the fleet’s flagship, U. S. S. Houston. Caupt. Higgins, who has been in the Navy for nearly a quarter of a century, has had numerous important tours of Corntossel. | duty overseas and is loo‘:ld upon as one of the best minds the medical At present Capt. Higgins is attached to '.h: Naval Dispensary in ‘Washington. * Harry ¥. Gugge) bassador to troubled Cuba, was re- cently guest of honor at a luncheon in Havana, given by the local post of the American mander O'Nelll of Kansas. The lunch- eon Mm‘flm on the roof of the hotel Sevilla-Biltmore, Through the co-oper- of Capt. American pervidin® amusement foh folks dat likes egion to watch him run® * * eim, American Am- | jon for National Com- | ever undertaken of the problem of elimi- nating California grade crossings” is launched. The State Legislature origi- nated the study with a resolution adopt- ed last week. In the wake of this reso- lution, Clyde L. Bum esident of the State Railroad Com lon, requested a conference with W. E. Garrison, ‘di- rector of the State Department of Pub- lic Works. The purpose is to work out a plan for the survey looking to the elimination of grade crossings. ‘This mcvement looks encoura; , in- deed. 1t should be possible bring enough engineering and fiscal talent to bear upon this grave problem to bring about the solutior It X generally realized that af n‘utuacnnmmaug:w—mu delay. most_dan- begin without e aided, o mission for estal more - gerous "mm-x:u:mumw SRR ol BN TR R, Washing Dishes Isn’t All From the Fort Worth Btar-Telexram. Viet t is that place where fl stands dishes hour and a half every uflmm in distress, placed h n l;n_ s great hands o comfort him with sym Give the United States A Mate for Uncle Sam! | To the Editor of The Star: tion of a practicable | July, rossings at grade cannot be eliminated | Am¢ 10 | all at once. It will require many , |~ When the medical officer to the 3t best, o put this menace completely | Sain i is can be depended on to do any work on | can delegation at the London Naval| oyt ‘The work of elimination can be (g As the | “reconstructing the whole the long struggle for fairness between human beings. Thousands of reason for present hope.” to the declared necessit; tem of the world by the is nobly suf- on the stocks he may buy in at a new low in the panic of 1937, think t | it nomena, wouldn't be any panic in 1837. vilization could endure thesa if they meant that dese | Home Owner Appears For Assessment Relief for | TO the Editor of The Star: The Star has always encouraged | home ownership. As one of the “little »" | fellows” struggling to own his home— forbinate &;ua compett: | it