Evening Star Newspaper, February 1, 1931, Page 34

2 THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.......February 1, 1831 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor —_— The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: Pennsylvania Ave, ok 110 East 43nd FhiSHean o Rate by Carrier Within the City. o Evening Star.............45¢c per month R EEERITE S0 Bkl e montn and Sunday Siar R ety The Sunday Star 8 = { ‘each month. RAtional ‘S000. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgir da. aily and Sund ily only . unday only 3 All Other States and Canada. ..1yr.$1200: 1 mo., $1.00 Bally Safy Sundty 1 3E tae: 1 mon Vit Bindasony 1310 85, 50¢ 00; 1 mo., Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited (0 it or not otherwise cred- d in this paper and also the local news published herein. AL rights of publication of Epecial dispatches herein are also reserved. < sl 1mo.. 50c 1mo., 40¢c Advané¢: Planning. The numerous agencies involved in planning Washington's growth and the difficulty of properly co-ordinating everybody's plans and ideas have led to the insertion of an important item in the District appropriation bill for this year, the value of which is obvious. ‘When the District officials present their bridge-building projects to Congress, for nstance, the lack of funds for the prep- aration of anything but the most rudi- mentary of sketches has led to the imposeibility of accurately estimating their cost. And when funds are author- ized for preparing plans, experience has shown that after congressional approval of the plans there may be objection from other Capital-planning agencies that will confuse, if not delay, their execution. Much of the confusion is expected to be eliminated by the grant of a fund for proper study and plan- ning of bridge and grade-crossing de- signs and locations, such study involv- ing the presentation of estimates and consultation with other Government agencies before the plans are author- ized by Congress. The District government has before it a rather extensive program of bridge replacements. The first of these proj- ects, the Connecticut Avenue Bridge over Klingle Valley, has been appro- priated for and contracts will soon be let for the construction. This year's bill authorizes plans for a new Benning Bridge over the Anacostia River. In the next few years the P Street Bridge, the Calvert Street Bridge, the Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge and Chain Bridge will be replaced with new structures. The re- placement of the P Street Bridge is not 80 necessary from the demands of P street traffic as it is in connection with the National Capital Park and Plan- ning Commission’s Rock Creek and Po- tomac parkway. The bridge must be Teplaced and the “layout” changed be- fore the completed parkway can ade- quately fulfill one of its chief purposes, which is to route trafic around the crowded city streets. Nearly every other bridge project. or grade-crossing plan is in some manner directly connected with plans for the city that do not originate in the Dis- trict Building. A fund, which should be replenished from year to year, will now permit engaging the services of ex- pert consultants as well as the actual preparation of the plans, which will re- ceive the approval of other Government agencies and which will permit accurate estimates as to cost. These completed plans will enable the members of Con- gress more readily to appreciate and to understand their importance as parts of the broad city-development plan when they are presented for authori- ation. ‘The idea should in time be broadened to include other projects than bridges and grade-crossings. One of the causes for delay in the realization of public ‘works now is the time that elapses after authorization until the plans can be prepared and approved and appropria- tions made to carry them out. A rela- tively small sum, permitting surveys, studies and plans in advance, would not be wasted. It could well be left to the discretion of the Commissioners as to ‘what plans should be prepared for pres- entation to Congress. ———— The title “Watch Dog of the Treas- ury” is a designation for which there @re many distinguished aspirants, ———————— Preliminaries for Public Relief. Lest there be impatience with the|Nothing could be more dazling to the spparent slowness of the emergency|worlq imagination than its rise in the works undertaken by Nation and States t give employment to the idle people whose sufferings constitute a veritable national disaster, it should be borne in mind that these undertakings are of a character requiring some preparation. Legislative bodles can appropriate funds for extraordinary operations with littie delay, but the money cannot be im- mediately expended for materials or machinery or for labor. The Depart- ment of Agriculture, for example, is charged with the institution of a large program of road-making, as an emer- gency measure of employment, and it apart from the relief of the distress due to unemployment. The present prob- lem, says Chairman Woods, is to select from the vast reservoir of subjects those upon which work can be started now. He adds, “However soothing it may be to our sense of well-being to appropriate more money for new build- ngs, it must be realized that most con- struction projects, excepting perhaps roads, cannot be put under way during the next few months.” In respect to the part which is played by Government construction in this' ) Chairman Woods says: Federal building construction is very conspicuous to the public eye, but it all the public works. This work is sub- jsct to undue delay by red tape, and ac- cumulation of laws and precedenis which have been adopted in years gone | by to protect the public funds. This red tape, while serviceable in ordirary | times, meakes difficult the acceleration of Federal projects. It is hoped that the Fcderal procedure can be modern- ized by the Keyes-Elliott bill, which | would simplify the acquisition of sites and facilitate the employment of out- side architectural and engineering talent. ‘The work of Congress in meeting the emergency with relief appropriations is not complete until it enacts the pending legislation which accomplishes the pur- pose noted by the chairman of the ;Employmcnt Commission. Anything that can be done to cut the superfluous red tape of public-works procedure will | be a contribution to the public welfare. ————— The Community Chest Workers. ‘Today those who for a week have been working in the interest of the Com- munity Chest, with highly gratifying results, are resting from that taxing endeavor. They have approached many thousands of people with their pleas for contributions, and the reports of their success have been most encour- aging. While the goal of $1,950,154.40 has not been reached, it has been ap- proached so0 nearly that there can now be little doubt that by ‘the end of the period set for the “drive” it will have been attained. ‘This large measure of success is due to & number of factors. In the first place, the community recognizes the need of generous giving to meet ex- traordinary requirements. There is no possible ignoring of the necessity. It is daily borne in on the people of Wash- ington that great numbers are out of | employment, with no assured income for the maintenance of themselves and their famil Practically all Wash- ington knows, too, that through or- ganized endeavor is such a situation best and most surely relieved. It is recognized that the responsibility for the succor of the helpless and the suffering ones rests upon each individual mem- ber of the community who is able to contribute., Another factor in the success that has thus far been scored in the Com- munity Chest drive is the development of a trained force of solicitors, men and women who have served in the two preceding campaigns, who know how to approach the people for gifts most ef- fectively, who, themselves sold one hun- dred per cent to the Community Chest principle, are capable of selling others to that idea. The spirit of these work- ers for the Chest is both co-operative and competitive. They are all seeking to make records, not for the glory of accomplishments, but for the success of the Chest. The services that are being rendered by the leaders and the members of the various teams and units could not pos- sibly be repaid in terms of dollars and cents. In the aggregate a heavy loss is suffered by these uncompensated work- ers whose sacrifice of time and energy goes to the success of the campaign, and in every instance these workers have themselves given liberally to the fund, as an example to those whom they ap- proach in solicitation. No matter what the precise figure that is finally reached, whether it is over or under the exact amount set as a goal, this campaign is to be set down as suc- cessful even at this intermediate stage. But this sense of success should not les- sen the liberality with which those who have yet to give respond to the invita- tion to join the ranks of the supporters of the Community Chest. The ideal of 2 Community Chest is one that contains gifts from every member of the com- munity proportionate to income. But, of course, there will always be some who will not give, who feel that they can- not give, or who feel ashamed to give only a small amount. They should not feel 50. The dime of the poor man is worth its weight in gold in the spirit of co-operation in which it is given. ————————— ‘The career of France has always been thrilling with historic contrasts. comparatively few years since the World War began from poverty to affuence. 4 ——r———————— Mussolini is apparently willing to for- get the Smedley Butler incident. The matter has become one of discipline and not simply & question of Il Duce's personal feelings. ——————————— Laughing at Guns. ‘When Inez Clayton, described in the news dispatches as a slip of a girl, looked into the muzzle of a pistol held must go through the usual course re- quired by law of advertising for bids for equipment and letting the contracts. ‘This takes time which must be spent unless the emergency appropriation act provides for the buying of materials in the open market without bidding. In a recent announcement by Chair- man Woods of the President’s Emer- gency Committee for Employment it is stated that construction work on public and semi-public projects, the total cost of which will be approximately $1,221,- 200,000, awaits only the completion of plans and the letting of contracts before getting under way, while additional wangs totsting $1,831,800,000 are in pre- Tminary stages. Of the total of more than three billion dollars’ worth of anticipated construction, approximately one billion dollars’ worth has been re- ported in the past four weeks. Forty per cent of the amount reported has progressed to a point where construc~ tion ¢an shortly begin, funds being available, sites obtained and plans and specifications now being drawn. It is to be remembered that every one of these projects, though hastily buwu.mwmmwmm conditions.” at close range by & bandit at the ticket booth of & Wheeling movie theater and heard a rude demand for the money box, she laughed. The bandit was so surprised that after another demand for the cash, followed by more laugh- ter from the girl, he shoved the gun into his pocket and went away from there. This method of repelling gunmen is not to be recommended for universal adoption. It worked at Wheeling, but it might not work the next time. As & matter of fact, Miss Clayton probably had no conscious idea of what she was doing when she started to laugh. Some folks laugh at the most inopportune times and at the most inappropriate things. Laughing and crying are close together in the gamut of human ex- But it is easy to see why the Wheel- ing bandit was thrown out of his stride, as it were, by the laughter of the “slip | of a girl” behind the box office grill. However experienced he may have been in thuggery and theft, this was a new one on him. If a gunman of long practice, he had probably seen every kind of reaction but this one, the quaking collapse, the ducking dodge, the screaming summons for help, per- program of emergency undertakings, ! usually amounts to but one-eighth of | STAR, WASHINGTON, D. jout demur, with all the other varleties that human nature in its infinite com- plexity manifests in emergencies. | If Incz Clayton was interviewed on' her experience at Whecling she prob- ably said that she had ' no ides why she laughed. If truthful she probably would say that she was “scarcd to the sound of the rude voice of the brigand beycnd the grill. In all likeli- that laughtcr if her life depenced upon it. But she should bz warned by her success on this occasion not to try to laugh it off if she should c¢ver again ibe confronted with a gun ‘and a de- {mand for money. Because she could |never repeat consciously the effective ieachinnation which so completely dis- ! comfited the bandit the other night. Airfield Ambulances. The omission of the item providing | for modernization of ambulances at {some of th: |airflelds from the War Department supply bill when it passed the House of Representatives recently is likely to delay & most d-sirable program unless the Senate takes action to reinstate the expenditure. If the Upper House falls to take cognizance of the fact that som: sixteen of the best known fying fields in the United States are operating with war-time vehicles more than four- teen years old, it will be two years before appropriations can b: made to remedy a situation that should never be permitted to exist. It is obvious that Army airfields need the most modern type of sanitary, fast ambulance. S:rvice maneuvers in the air are hazardous in the extreme and accidents are more likely to occur than in straightaway flylng. It is equally obvious that speedy rescues may save the lives of valuable pilots, should a crash occur. If a plane bursts into flames after it hits the ground the occupants may escape death if quickly extricated. The United States spends millions of dollars in training service pilots and 1t appears to be false economy to delay & program costing a few thousand dollars, that mny'meln the saving of valuable lives. It is earnestly hoped, therefore, that the Senate will recognize the seri- ousness of the situation and provide the best of modern vehicles and the best of equipment to give aid to those who sustain injuries in their country’s air service. IEE——— Many who have studied the higher mathematics admit that it presents theories which they do not understand. It is not necessary to go into abtruse intellectualities for baffing figures. Some of the systems of accounting em- ployed by money-handling concerns are rather beyond the comprehension of the lay mind. B Gifford Pinchot serves notice that employes of the State of Pennsylvania will be required to observe with strict- ness laws relating to prohibition. Ap- parently the old days of rollicking banqueteering have disappeared from the Keystone State for a while. ———— It is encouraging to see how many citizens are ready to subscribe money for the needs of their fellow men. There have at times been fears that too many insisted on utilizing extra funds by letting them drift into bad speculations. e As the industry that ranks fifth in greatness, motion picture concerns feel qualified to show initiative in finance as well as in popular art. o Congressional leaders also want relief from the extra session which they always appear to contemplate with pe- culiar dread. . Tales of rum bribery point to the Detroit River as one of the most tur- bulent, morally, though one of the smallest rivers on the map. — - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Inevitable Apologies. A foolish word we sometimes say, Intending one that's wise. And maybe, when we've done that way, We must apologize. For where is he, of common clay And ordinary size, Who does not wake to find, some day, He must apologize. With cleverness upon display We think to win a prize— And then discover that we may Need to apologize! And so we hold our pride at bay, For any one who tries In his remarks to get too gay, May next apologize. Answer Deferred. “What is your idea of & really great statesman?” “Can’t tell you offhand,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Haven't had time yet to complete my autoblography.” Jud Tunkins says his radio is a will- ing performer, but it can't learn any new tunes that amount to much. The Stronger Argument. For cheery sentiment let's try And sing a little song; For laughter, as the days go by, Is oftener right than wrong. The Social Summit. “When you were abroad did you visit any of the regal palaces?” “Oh, yes!” answered Miss Cayenne. “I met members of royal families and went even higher in the social scale than that.” “In what way?” “I was introduced to a bona fide, fully recognized dictator.” “One who weeps without present rea- hood she would be unable to explain | country's largest service | death” at the sight of the gun and i son,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “is exceeded in insincerity only by one who laughs continually with a view to ingratiating himself.” Social Precedence. In hopes of banqueting they basked, But did not care a bit. ‘The only question that they asked Was this: “Where do we sit?” “Hard times,” said Uncle Eben, “needs a special amount of patience, 'cause de folks 'speriencin’ jes’ now ain’ had much previous chance to get used to sech like 'C., FEBRUARY 1, OPEN-MINDED By the Right Rev. James E. Freeman, D.D., LL.D., Bishop of Washington. Text: “Charity doth mot behave itself umseemly, is mot easily pro- voked, thinketh no evil, but rejoiceth in the truth.”—I Corinthians, Tiii.5-6. One of the joys of broadcasting is that it brings to our desk, daily, letters of every scrt and kind, expressing opinions and convictions that are born of the experience of those who Wrof them. Frequently a single day's mail represents a cross section of judgments and opinions as widely variant as are the types that make up the common- wealth of the State. Every political and religious faith finds e on. Letters generous and ungenerous, broad-visioned and narrow-visioned, tell the story of the temperamental and environing conditions of their authors. Frequently a single passage in the mes- isage broadcast, entirely detached from its context, is misinterpreted by the hearer and the whole message takes its color from what may have been but a parenthetical sentence. These many letters reveal conditions in some in- stances quite tragic and pathetic. Often- times the writers are moved to make confession of the mistakes and failures of their life. Domestic infelicities constitute a verv considerable part of this curious correspondence. One cannot be the reciplent of such a varlety of letters without being rendered more open-minded and re- ceptive to different points of view. However insular and biased these ex- pressed feelings may seem to be, they are nevertheless expressive of the sincere convictions of those who indite them. Even letters that disclose a point of view wholly inimical to that we hold and cherish may prove profitable to us, if we can enter sympathetically into the background and experience of those who wrote them. Nothing is more unfortunate, especially as we mature, than the habit of thinking ourselves infallible, that there is only one logical point of view concerning & given subject. A closed mind makes for unhappiness and disappointment. I have a .friend who has passed his ninetieth year, whose cardinal char- acteristic is open-mindedness. He says he lives to learn. Wise as he is, he listens gladly and readlly to the im- mature opinions of others. He is one of the most gracious and kindly listeners I have ever known. He shows no evi- dence of the passing of time, and, while physically enfeebled, he is mentally alert and keeps step with the age in te | our which he lives. He is not only open- minded, he is sunny-minded. Flexibility of mind is a rare accom-| plishment. What a different world this would be if we were all capable | of r-celving the kindly judgments of others! How much more smoothly would the machinery of life run if) a policy of give and take marked all| contacts and fellowships. What a different atmosphere there would b in our legislative bodies, in our social, | industrial and church organizations, if we were moved by the swect spirit of charity, “that suffereth long and is kind, doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily pro- voked, and thinketh no evil!” By| such a method we would attain fric- tionless living. I have just laid down a letter, that T have gladly acknowledged, from one | whose point of view concerning the solution of our industrial and social problems is the very antithesis of my wn _conviction. « I cannot deny him e right of his opinion, although I wholly differ from him. As a matter of fact, I found his letter thought- provoking and worthy of serious con- sideration. Obviously he and I are both seeking to attain th: same ends. He has one method, I have another. H2 holds his view with as much fixity of conviction as I hold mine. I doubt not if we sat down together and talked over our ideals and conc:ptions of life we should find much in common. No one ever showed a more open mind than the Master. These who came to Him with their judgm<nts and convictions, born largely out of their observations and experiences, received a gracious and kindly welcome. “He would not break the bruised reed, or quench the smoking flax.” Even to those who willfully opposed Him, He showed consideration and t-nderne: For those who crucified Him, He praye “Father, forgive them, they know not what they do.” What a spirit of generosity was His! We need this spirit in our life today. We are too much divided into clans and parties, we emphasize too much our pet shibboleths and passwords. Whether we like it or not, like those in wedlock, we are bound together for better or wor: we are compelled to live our life, not like some Robinson Crusoe on a lonely isle, baun & world io( a:le'nb d wome(r’xi May give us in the 5\nn1nx & new year more of the sph Him, 1931—PART ] | tries, improvements in industrial proc- TWO. Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Official Washington, including cabi- |- net members, justices of the Supreme Court, United States Senators, mem- bers of the House of Representatives and the diplomatic corps, are taking a de luxe educational course in travel and in industrial developments by way of the motion picture. The Bureau of Commercial Economics has for the past 18 years been conduct- ing free showings of the best films ob- tainable from all parts of the world, displaying the beauty spots of ail coun- esses and scientific advancements which have been of epochal advantage to humankind. Just now the Bureau of Commercial Economics is conducting a series of “Diplomatic Sunday Evenings” in the new Shoreham Hotel ball room, each! devoted to pictures of some particular country, with the Ambassador from that country as the honor guest and with a lecture accompanying the films. For example, last Sunday the affair was in honor of the Itallan Ambassa- dor. The pictures included a trip from Lake Como to Rome, the Dolomites, the building of the new railway station at |Milan and of the new port of Genoa. The lecturer was Dr. Diego Petruzzelli from the Royal University of Italy. The preceding Sunday night the affair was in honor of the French Ambassa- dor, M. Paul Claudel. The Dpictures were of the City of Pau, the Moham- medan Paradise, the French Sahara, “Le Touquet-Paris Plage” and the Blue Bird. The lecturer was Maj. Georges ‘Thenault, French military attache for aeronautics. Tcnight the special guest of honor s the Minister from Finland. Dr. Niilo Idman, secretary of the legation, will lecture on new films of Finland. Other recent Sunday evening enter- tainments were in honor of the United States Marines, with the Marine Band Orchestra in attendance, and in honor tures including West Point, Aberdeen and Dellwood. Several speeches have been made by leaders in Congress, who have empha- sized that the same type of fllms as are shown at these gatherings of the high- est officials, not only of the United States Government, but of the most | important natlons of the world, are available also for schools, churches, clubs and civic organizations for edu- cational purposes. ‘The Bureau of Commercial Econom- ics, these leaders in Congress have ex- plained in the Congressional Record, is an assoclation of governments, institu- who “went about doing good. “Relief” Problems Likely to Force BY WILLIAM HARD. “Relief” at this week end in Wash- ington is the watchword which, to many conservative observers, seems likely to produce a special session of the Congress next Summer and which seems likely in that special session to produce a torrent of laws which will go far beyond “relief.” ‘The President’s friends are divided into two camps about it. One camp maintains that the Presi- dent ought to hold firm against the proposal of Senator Robinson for $25,- 000,000 out of the Federal Treasury, to be used for relieving the suffering of people impoverished by drought and by unemployment and that he ought to hold firm against the proposal of Sena- tor Capper for devoting 20,000,000 bush- els of Federal Farm Board wheat to the same purpose. This camp argues that the precedents thus fixed would in time devastate the Federal Treasury and ruin the country. ‘The other camp maintains that the President ought to accept the proposals of Senator Robinson and of Senator Cap- per, because otherwise those Senators and their associates will compel a spe- cial session in which the demands upon the Federal Treasury will go much far- ther and in which a great variety of so- called Socialistic legislation may be pressed to triumph. The argument of this camp is that it would be better to swallow a few drops of “relief” now than to have to drink quarts of it after March 4, * x * x ‘The statistical truth of the economic situation of the country is one which, after March 4, would tend toward stim- ulating radical legislative measures. One of the most distinguished financial firms in New York City has recently calculated, through its own professional statisticians, that the number of unem- ployed in the country, instead of being 5,000,000, as announced by the admin- istration, is more than 6,000,000. The same authorities calculate additionally that the purchasing power of our urban elements has fallen off 30 per cent, while she purchasing power of our ag- ricultural elements in many parts of the country has fallen off’ 60 per cent. This state of things is the basic rea- son, it is generally thought here, why the local taxpayers of the country, es- pecially in the rural regions, declare themselves in numerous instances to be wholly unable to endure the financial burden of further “relief” and wish to place it more heavily on the shoulders of the Federal income taxpayers, whom they regard as being relatively richer. e In the Congress at Washington, there- upon, there is today a rapidly swelling reservoir of bills for ‘“relief” and for rojects more fundamental than “re- ilef”; and the only dam which holds those bills back is the prospective March 4 adjournment. If that dam is broken, and If a special session is forced, these bills will flow over the whole Washing- ton landscape and flood it to the top of the White House portico. It is in order to prevent the possibility of this inuh- dation {hat many regular Republicans are in favor of yielding to Senator Rob- inson and to Senator Capper now and of persuading them thus to consent to the instant passage of the appropriation bills and to the elimination of the spe- cial session danger. Regular Republi- cans of such views look with alarm at (just for instance) the following bills already introduced and already finding large favor: Representative La Guardia’s bill for a Federal Employment Commission through which there would be operated an unemployment insurance scheme to which every employe in the country would pay 5 cents a week and every em- ployer would pay 10 cents a week per person by him employed. * x x x Senator Wagner's bill for appropriat- ing annually $100,000,000 dollars of Federal money to be distributed among the States in assistance to unemploy- ment insurance funds set going by the | States. Senator Capper’s bill for having the Federal Treasury pay half of the cost of transforming local privately owned toll bridges into public free bridges. ‘The bill reported to the House of Rep- resentatives by its Committee on Irri- tion and Reclamation for causing the partment of the Interior to make loans out of a fund of $95,000,000 to local drainage districts for financing their drainage operations. ‘The bill by Senator Trammell of Florida for paying $10,000,000 to people in Florida for damages done to their property in the course of the efforts of the Federal Government to rescue that property from the ravages of the Mediterranean fruit fly. ‘The numerous bills for paying to veterans of the World War the whole the value of their bonus right away in cash, these bills being. now undeniably extremely popular politically in both branches of the Congress. EEE ‘The numerous bills for excusing farmers from prompt payment of sums now due from them to the Federal land banks. These bills grant to such farmers a ‘“‘moratorium” for 18 mon or_even for three years. ntative Evans’ bill for having the States financially assist the States in the maintenance of systems of old-age pensions. Senator Shipstead's resolution for a bond issue of $500,000,000 to promote ‘waterways. ‘The bill of Senator Walsh of Massa- chusetts for a bond issue of $1,000,000,- 000 to promote public works in general. Literally hundreds of bills for specific public works in named localities over and beyond the present public works program of the Federal Government. Numerous bills, the purpose of which is to cut off all imports from Russia and thus perhaps excite Russia to cut off all imports from us—a policy which probably has a majority in both houses of the Congress, but which is highly distasteful to most administra- tion officials. Numerous bills for further detailed regulation of transactions of private traders on grain exchanges and on other exchanges dealing with agricul- tural commodities. * Kk K x Numerous bills which exceed Senator Robinson’s proposal for $25,000,600 for rellef; as, for instance, Representative La Guardia’s bill for making it $30,000,- 000 and Senator Brookhart's bill for making it $50,000,000. Numerous bills which exceed Senator Capper’s proj 1 for 20,000,000 bushels of wheat to donated to relief by the Federal Farm Board; as, for instance, Representative Garber's bill for mak- ing it 60,000,000. The list could be extended almost indefinitely. One generalizaztion is coming to be widely accepted in Wash- ington: Politically realistically speak- lnf, and without any regard for the sclentific or moral merits of the con- troversy, the actual prospect at this passing moment is that we shall have either limited “relief” in this session or unlimited “relief” in a special one. (Copyright, 1931.) r—.— Farm Economists Estimate Prospects BY HARDEN COLFAX. Farmers have begun to realize prac- tical results from feeding wheat instead of corn to their live stock. This has been brought out at a conference of State and Federal agricultural economists, extension workers and commodity spe- clalists, now meeting in Washington to consider the agricultural outlook for the present year. The conference, which assembled last week at the call of the Bureau of Agri- cultural Economics, finds that increas- ing quantities of live stock, principally hogs, are being “finished” in wgub. Meat and dalry cattle, however, are also being finished in this way, according to the bureau. The American farmer has apparently learned something new— that is, has learned to apply it on a large scale. He has learned that a pro- portion of wheat in live stock feed brings good results and. through helping to consume the surplus wheat, is a benefit in the corn situation. Already lack of demand for corn is beginning to be noted. * ok K % In appraising the outlook for the coming year, 50 far as grain is con- cerned, the conference finds itself al- most overwhelmed with facts and fig- ures. Chairman Legge of the Federal Farm Board, in a recent hearing before the House Committee on Appropriations, reported that the board holds in sto- rage, more than 100,000,000 bushels in cash grain and some considerable amount of contracts. The Senate has been asked to authorize the distribution by the Farm Board to needy persons of 20,000,000 bushels of this wheat which the board holds. An in into the price_of bread compared with wheat and flour prices is being undertaken by a Senate subcommittee, which also may look into the prices of sugar, meat and meat products. Estimates of the world grain situation take into account the fact that the United States now is practically on a domestic basis. Grain supplies and prices in other countries, such as Ar- gentina, Australia and Canada, are still of importance to us, although not so much as formerly. Some authorities fear the competition of the wheat pro- duction in these countries and are de- manding a 50 per cent increase in our tariff on all foreign agricultural prod- ucts for at least one year. Half a billion dollars’ worth of these products come in every year and most of them compete to & degree with our domestic products. * Kk k% Official reports of wheat crops in the | principal producing countries of the world are now coming in. Canadian es- timates indicate a surplus of more than 300,000,000 bushels, although the losses due to the drought in Western Canada, notably the Province of Saskatchewan, are very high. A similar condition is re- ported also from South Africa. The Australian revised estimate for the 1931 wheat crop is 205,000,000 bushels. Ar- gentina, which produces wheat at a lower cost than any other country in the world, also reports injury by drought. However, according to a cable- gram from toe representative of the Department of Commerce at Buenos Aires ‘ednesday of last week, the cade The dated Wi ths | quality is “the best for a de crop is éstimated at 190,000,000 bushels. ‘The present ntine government an- nounces that it re&fl the price of tions, manufacturers, producers and transportation lines of America and other countries to engage in dissem- inating geographical, commercial, in- dustrial and vocational information by the graphic method of motion pictures, some of which show how things in common use are made or produced and under what conditions. The bureau’s stock of films includes the most recent and best obtainable, covering Great Britain, Peru, Mexico, Italy, Brazil, Spain, Prance, Chile, Bel- gium, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, Hungary, Finland, Colombia, Panama, Austria, Egypt, Bulgaria, Dominican Republic, Siam, Rumania, Canada, Netherlands, Bolivia, Lithuania, Poland, | Serbia, as well as those of the United States Army, Navy and Marines. In its serles of Sunday night enter- tainments the Bureau of Commercial Economics has shown on the screen the work of most of the United States Gov- ernment. ‘Among its most popular pro- |grams were “Forty Thousand Miles | With Lindbergh,” with e United States Army Band Trails of the Rockies,” wi by Col. Philip A. Moore; Canada,” at which L. O. Armstrong, a pioneer nearly 80 years of age, remi- nisced of his adventures. An especially interesting uflfiflfll eight subjects i1 “Across Canada,” “Beautiful Nipigo: ;::h'e Banff Country” and “Lake Lou- Representative Henry T. Rainey of Illinols, who has been an enthusiastic attendant at these instructive shows for a number of years, in a speech in the House declared: “The Bureau of Commercial Economics renders an extraordinary service to the people of the entire United States. Its films, gathered from all parts of the world, entirely educational in character, are available to any responsible organiza- don simply for the carrying charges.” | Representative Rainey submitted a list of hundreds of citles and towns | throughout the country which have had | an opportunity to see ‘these films. i He emphasized that “this bureau renders a purely altruistic service. It is operated without profit through the ' unflagging zeal and self-sacrificing ef- forts of its director, Dr. Anita Maris Boggs, and its dean, Randolph M. Boggs. The real purpose of the bureau is to teach men and women and chil- dren all over the world to think, to compare, to judge in the light of full knowledge and to realize that under all appearances, all external differences, there is a fundamental unity of hu- manity.” The sole purpose is to pro- mote international good relations by these films and lectures. Other speakers in Congress have re- ferred to the history of this bureau, which was founded in 1912. They point out that the motive power of the bu- reau comes from “two modest persons who have the characteristics of the old Philadelphia Quaker family from which they sprang of never talking about themselves. They are native-born Americans, one of their forefathers oeing a signer of the Declaration of Independence.” Members of Congress are advising | schools and other institutions through- out their home districts that these reels are loaned to universities, colleges, technical and agricultural schools, pub- lic libraries, State armories, high schools, people’s institutes, public in- stitutions, State granges, chambers of commerce, boards of trade, commercial clubs, Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions and, in fact, almost any gathering interested in a broader view of life. For the larger | {of Secretary of War Hurley, the pic- D Preparing for- Olympic Games ‘To the Greeks the Olympic games were so important that time was reck- oned by their recurrence. To Califor- nians they assume such proportions that preparations are being carried on in Los Angeles that would make any fete of Cleopatra, jubilee of Victoria, recep- tion of Lafayette, inaugural of a Presi- dent—whatever has been the superla- tive of entertainment—pale in compari- son. Already new bulletins in five lan- guages are being sent twice monthly to 12,500 selected publications throughout the world. A mammoth stadium, which will be only one of the scenes of com- petition, is being enlarged from its pres- ent seating capacity of 75,000 persons by more than a third. An Olympic village for the housing of the participat- ing athletes is being constructed. And what will seem even more marvelous in this day of luxurious transportation, travel rates have been reduced to an astonishingly low figure. Announce- ment has been made that an athlete can come from Europe, cross the Ameri- can continent, enjoy bed and board and bus in Los Angeles for a month, and return home for about $400! ‘When the details of the big show are learned, there will be many a mother who will wish she had raised her boy— and girl—to be an athlete, and every one will work the dime bank overtime in an effort to accumulate the where- withal for admission. ‘Those who have been fortunate enough to visit the elongated State out on the West Coast have discovered that its residents can give cards and spades to old P. T. Barnum and then beat him at his own game. Whether it be a re- ception for visiting firemen, one of the rose shows, or a foot ball game, it will be carried oft with a flourish and a fin- ish. For this world event, Los Angeles been getting up steam since 1923, only ons with the imagination of a Jules Verne or a movie actress’ press agent can appreciate what is in store. First Time on the Pacific. ‘The tenth Olympiad will be held in Los Angeles in 1932 from Saturday, July 30, to Sunday, August 14, 16 days and nights. It was Willlam May Gar- land of that city who went to the games at Antwerp in 1920 to invite the next Olympiad to this country. matter could not be settled so prom| , for the next two contests were scheduled for Paris and Amster- dam, respectively, in 1924 and 1928. However, the committee which makes the momentous decision met in- Rome three years later and agreed unani- mously to hold the Tenth Olympic Games in the United States and that Los Angeles should be the host city. For the first time the games were to be_held on the shores of the Pacific. ‘The local Organizing Committee might have secretly thought that it had a bear by the tail and feared to let go, but with enthusiasm and in- genuity it tackled the countless de- tails and mountainous stint. “It was confronted by such problems as pre- paring adequate accommodations for the games and making it feasible for foreign athletes and visitors to come such long distance to attend the games,” according to those who have looked over the ground. first task was Herculean, for 18 BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. events, ranging from fine bicycle races to yachting lifting, must be staged for 3,000 o letes from 57 countries. To make the Jjourney to the games belong in other mn bttehe rich mll‘;;l:d class, although it n accom| , seems an im) sibily. E R For the convenience of the athletes a whole village will be built whi they will live, eat and train, Ad ing %o specifications, it will “be of ample space and will have carefully arranged and comfortable living ac- commodations for each team sepa- rately, a central dining salon, a lounge, an information bureau and auto trans- port facilities.” A separate training field will be provided for each con- tingent and the contestants can be as- sured of privacy. A scene that is guaranteed to make any heart beat faster is the one that will be played before 100,000 spec- tators on the opening day, when the athletes, marching nation by nation, will pass in review onto the field, where they will make their oath of fealty: “We swear that we will take part in the Olympi¢ games in loyal competi- tion, respeciing the regulations which govern them! and desirous of partici- pating in them in the true spirit of sportsmanship and for the glory of sport.” During the 16 days events will be scheduled in suitable locations. Fleld sports will be held in the mammoth Olympic Stadium. An armory in Olym- pic Park will house fencing contests; swimmers will compete in a specifically built pool; the Olympic Auditorium will be the scene of the competitions of the wrestlers, boxers and weight-lifters; marathons and bicycle races will be run over courses that will end in the park; the Rose Bowl at Pasadena will be used for soccer and other games; rowing events will be held at Alamitos Bay: yachts will race between Long Beach and Santa Monica, and the polo games will be played on nearby fields. The Los Angeles Fine Arts Museum will house numerous competitions. Started by a Frenchman. ‘The modern Olympic games, of which the ones in 1932 will be a part, owe their existence to a French noble, Baron Plerre de Coubertin. He proposed the idea in 1892, broadcast letters to ath- letic associations in 1894, and two later an Olympiad was held in Athens. The Olympic games were held in Paris at the opening of the twentieth cen- tury, and with the clocklike precision of ‘American elections have been held every four years. The exception to the rule was in 1916, when the war pre- vented the games being held at Berlin. ‘This is not the first year that Amer- ica has welcomed the Olympiad. It was held in St. Louis in 1904, London in 1908, Stockholm in 1912, Antwerp in 1920, Parls in 1924 and Amsterdam in 1928. ‘To the Greeks go the honor and glory of originating the games, al- though the founding of this festival is shrouded in antiquity, belonging to the time before the beginning of the his- torical era in that country. Greeks as- sociated its origin with the ‘The second year of the 293d Olymp! in arts and and t iad, the fourth century, A.D. saw the last lof the ancient Olympic games. Fifty Years Ago In The Star rations were in progress 50 years ago for the inauguration of Pres- " ident Garfield, and Preparing for The star was print- Inauguration. ing from day to day news of the prep- arations. In the issue of January 31, 1881, is the following account of the meeting of the citizens’ executive com- mittee on the inaugural ceremonies “Mr. J. W. Thompson, chairman, ported from the special confer with the decorations committee that immediate action must be taken or that committee will be compelled to abandon the original plan. Col. Corbin reported the sale of ball tickets amount- ing to $945. Maj. Lockwood asked how much would be allowed the floor com- mittee of the bell for music and pro- grams. Mr. Roessle stated that the lowest bid was $2,700. Maj. Lockwood stated that $5,000 had been placed to his credit in New York to be used for the ball. A vote of thanks was ten- dered Maj. Lockwood and his. York friends. Chairman Thompson reported that Lieut, Greene of the dec- oration committee had been directed to go ahead with the Union Arch at Thi ith street, which would cost $1,100; but nothing had been done as to the other arches. After some dis- cusslon, by motion of Col. Ainger, Lieut. Greene was directed to decorate the Avenue on a modified plan at a cost not exceeding $9,000. Chairman Thompson said that Gen. Benet of the committee on fireworks. asked for $5,000, and some debate took place on motions to allow this sum and to re duae it :nth' ,Sl'lg,.1 l{&l’ which contin- uation of the subject was ‘Wednesday next.” s * * % In the following letter printed in The Star of February 1, 1881, a citizen sign- Library on Judiciary ! Lt Square Protested. protesu‘ the u: pace on Judiciary Square for c?.i gon:truc- tion of the new Library of Congress: It is to be hoped that the proposi- tion to erect a library building on Ju- diclary Square will not receive the sanction of Congress, either at the pres- ent or any subsequent session. That square, known on the original map of the city as Reservation No, 9, was des- ignated by President Washington for the purpose of the judicial branch of audiences the bureau provides, without expense, special lecturers on current subjects, travel, industry and banking. Members of Congress have been par- ticularly interested in the question of how this bureau is maintained, and they have made it plain in speeches in the legislative body that “no fillm is shown for a money consideration un- der any circumstances, nor preference given a film or a subject on account of a contribution. Conttibutions are re- ceived only to an amount sufficient to cover transportation charges, insurance and upkeep of the films. The bureau is not operated for profit and has no capital stock. No film will be shown which is untruthful, or misleading, or which awakens hope of opportunity where none exists.” ‘The work of the bureau is perpetu- ated through the election of its direct- ing officers by an advisory council, com. posed of men of international distinc- tion in science and letters. —— e Keep Below Ground. From the Philadeiphia Evening Bulletin, Banker Baker says short selling at this time is foolish. In a word, he be- He‘{:l bears should continue to hiber- nate. bread in the public markets from 312 cents to 2 cents a pound. PR ‘Then there is Soviet Russia. So far Buston gurcs, tne grai cxpora up 10 n figures, gral up the end of 1930 were 3,500,000 metric _“%:ll, of 'lhicl:,f?.g50,1000 wm wh:‘l. e 'acreage pring o1 on col- lectivized farms is supposed to be double that of 1930. ‘The total production of wheat in the world in 1929 as estimated by the Inter- national Institute of Agriculture was just about 4,200,000,000 bushels. The 42 pro- ducing countries sold in foreign trade just short of a billion bushels and the importing countries bought fourths of a billion bushels. This tes_approximately one-fourth of a els of surplus for the world. (Copyright. 1931.) the Government, the legislative an = ecutive branches having been p?-ce:d elsewhere. Kleim, in his ‘Handbook of Washington City,’ the result of which labor and research, under the head of Pub!(c Buildings and Grounds says: ‘The legislative and executive branches of the Government gccupy builldings erected expressly for their use. The co-ordinate or judicial branch was left without one, though provision for its accommodation was originally contemplated. * * * It was designed in the original plan of the city to erect a separate building for the uses of the Jjudiciary, and for that purpose Ju- diciary Square was set apart. Nothing has vet been done; and the letter of President Washington of March 2, 1797, together with the documents attached thereto, now to be seen in the office of the Commissioner of Public Build- ings at the Capitol, afford conclusive evidence of the facts stated. In the embryo condition of the United States Supreme Court, the embodiment, or central figure as it were, of the great judicial branch of the Government, both necessity and convenience required that it should be placed in the Which was accordingly done in the year 1801. But the necessity then has long since passed, while convenience of the legislative branch now absolutely requires that it should be placed elsewhere, in accord- ance with the intentlons of those who founded the city after laying the foundations of the Republic. “The time- something should be done, and upon the spot originally designed for the purpose there should be erected a mag- nificent temple of justice, whose dome, ) from the centet of that great réservation, should canopy the Supreme Court of the United States, the De- partment of Justice, the Court of Claims, the courts of the District of Columbia, and such other judicial tri- bunals as gprovised from time to time OWle public con- d in the intereStg of justice. Thus be consummated i wise de- ‘Washington, who Mwem 1 committee to | scribed Churchill’s Break With Baldwin Isolates Him BY A. G. GARDINER. LONDON, January 31.—Winston Churchill’s letter to Stanley Baldwin renouncing his official connection with the Conservative party is the political sensation of the moment in Great Britain. It follows upon an open rup- ture een former Premier Bald and his former chancellor of the ex- chequer in the House of Commons this week ‘on the subject of India. Mr. Churchill made an impassioned attack on the proposals of the Indian Round-table Conference, which he de- as & wanton and less sur- render to those avowedly working for a complete severance between Great Britain and India. Mr. Baldwin later deliberately rebuked the wrecking speech of his colleague and recom- mended to him that he adopt Mahatma Gandhi's observance of an occasional day of silence. The Conservative lead- er declared that if he sacceeded the present prime minister it would be his duty to do all possible to ai nt the work of the round-table conference. This courageous declaration, com- mitting the Conservative g;rty to an indorsement of the new Indian co; stitution, practically makes the cou try solid behind Premier MacDonald's solution of the Indian problem; Mr. Churchill throughout has been ir- reconcilable and his rupture with Mr. Baldwin is taken to indicate his in- tention to lead some ra; against the policy, beginning with a great meeting at Manchester Friday night. The effect on the country, however, is not likely to be serious. % Fok In spite of his unrivaled oratorical gifts, Mr. Churchill has no political fol- lowing and is the loneliest figure in public life in the country. It is said that a politician may change his part; but not twice. Mr. Church: has changed his party three times successfully and he is now an Ishmael without any semblance of a party at all. Even the die-hard Tories, who the Indian policy, hate Mr. Churchill equally for deserting them in the past and because he is a free trader and one of the chief architects of Irish home rule. The only serious backing he has in his present adven- is_that of the Rothmere Press, ich has been preaching a frantic crusade in favor of governing India by force, but this fact is more calcu- lated to discredit him in the serious gx:'l;lmn of the country than to help Mr. Churchill's powers of recovery are so astonishing, however, it is im- possible to regard him as spent; and even as a free lance he may easily turn the scale of events in the present chaos of English political parties, all of which seem to be in process of dissolution, This fact mainly accounts for the fact that the MacDonald government week survived in Commons the most critical division of its career on the second reading of the trades disputes bill. This measure, which, it is argued, practically legalizes a general strike, is bitterly disliked by the Liberals, as well as the Conservatives. But rather than defeat the government and force a general election the bulk of the Liberals abstained from voting, in the belief that they can destroy the bill in committee without compelling the resignation of the government. * koK ¥ ‘The probability now is that Premier MacDonald will survive till Summe for even the Conservative leaders are not enthusiastic for an immediate elec- tion. No one doubts that they would win, but in the present disturbed con- dition of g’muc affairs they are not indisposed to let the Labor government stew in its own juice at home and abroad and reap the full harvest of odium for industrial discontents. Lan- cashire is in the midst of the greatest cotton strike in history, due to the re- fusal of the operatives to adopt more has now arrived when b been reached. Conservatives have no desire to put their heads in a hornets’ nest and are content to allow the Labor gm- ment to get into trouble with own suj " (Copyright, 1931.) isolation and separation of the three great branches of the Government in a material sense within the limits of the Federal Cil the ity, same are ly in the ory framework of the Federal Constitution.”