Evening Star Newspaper, December 21, 1930, Page 4

- DOCES TRST LEAVES U1 5. CALM Blaming - Italy’s" Economic Woe on America Is Laid to Home Politics. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Benito Mussolini’s outburst in the Roman Senate, in which he blamed the American economic slump for Italy’s own financial woes, has aroused intense Anterest, but neither excitement nor ir- ritation in Washington. The chief of the Fascist state is considered to have spoken, as he frequently bas in the past, exclusively for home copsumpiion. - Specifically Mussolini: is believed to have been mainly bent upon present- ing ‘a persuasive alibi for the recently ordered cut of 12 per cent in the sal- aries of Italy’s more than 500,000 gov- ernment employes. For that purpose, the picturesque premier resorted, as he is prone to do, to spectacular utter- ance and to manipulation of facts and figures designed to put a good face on Italy’s economic plight. Like the rest of civilized mankind, the Italians have been hard hit by the world-wide derangement in business. ‘Washington opines that Mussolini, look- ing for the best talking point in ex- planation of Italy’s share in the de- Jpression, decided to pick on Uncle S8am. Il Duce has been harboring a number of grievances against the United States. Before the Senate in Rome on December 18 he got some of them off his chest. ! Quota Law Disliked. Soon after the Black Shirts took pos- session of the Italian government, the United States Congress enacted our new immigration laws. No country felt itself more discriminated against by the quota system than Italy. Mussolini didn't like it at all. Up to its adoption Italians poured through Ellis Island in annual tens of thousands. In 1913, the year before the war, 305250 of them came. Under the 1924 quota law, only 3,845 Italian immigrants are ad- missible a year, or fewer than 1'; per cent of the peak total of 17 years ago. ‘The emigration to America was not only important to Italy as a population- reducing factor, but was ‘haps even more vital because of the' lavish flow of gold "back home” which was kept gpuhl;y Italians resident in the United In the year 1922, when the Fascists took over the reins at Rome, the Bank of Naples estimated that the huge sum of $105,000,000 reached Italy from her it remit- tances” to Italy had fallen to $46,170,- 000. This resents & drop during seven years Fascism of more than Bfl‘rlef cent. With fewer Italian ar- Tivs in the United States, there were naturally fewer remittances tc the old folks at home. Hence, Washington authorities point out, at least some of the financial tears Mussolini sheds in our direction. Tariff Hit Italy Hard. years pre- , prohibition ruined a once profit- able trade in Italian wines. Washing- ton.officials stress the fact that it isn't the Hawley-Smoot tariff alone that has slashed Italian sales to us. Our im- from all countries have been diminished eavily because of the state of the times here and corréspondis curtailed foreign purchases. e Most Italian stuff sold in the United States, moreover, is of the luxury or semi-luxury class. For the first 10 months of 1930 there has been a de- odd was spent by Ya: in Italy in 1929." The 1930 returns are bound to show a considerable cut in these figures. On the whole, Mussolini would ap- rfl' to be justified in attributing at least a material portion of Italy's di- minished prosperity to American eco- nomic conditions. There is less cer- tainty as to exactly what inspired him to turn loose the batteries of his clever frony and sarcasm against us at this time. Washington is persuaded that there is little foundation for the sup- position—which found expression in during the week end—that perhaps I1 Duce was sore over the re- m inability of Count Volpi, late t minister of finance, to interest American bankers in a huge new pri- vate loan to Italian power interests. Count Volpi was recently in New York ang Washington on such a mission. Attention is called here to the fact that Mussolini might, with good grace, have shown the other side of the Italo~ American financial medal by recalling the generous war debt settlement the United States made with his govern- ment in 1925. Liberal Terms Made. ‘The original principal of Italy's debt was $1,647,869,197. PFunded interest, at the time of the Mellon-Volpi agree- ment, amounted to $394,130,802. The egate funded debt was $2,042,000,- Under the pact, Italy secured a substantial cut in her actual obliga- tions to the American Treasury and a liberal arrangement for payments over & long term of years. The “crack” Mussolini takes at the GRIM TEXTILE WAR S ENDURANCE TEST Strikers and Mill Owners at| Danville, Va., Still Long Way Apart. Editor's note—For nearly three months Danville, Va. has been the scene of a strike of cotfon mfil workers, demanding Tecognition of their union and the prin- ciple of collective bargaining. The mill management has declared “a fight to the finish "' Frank H, Fuller, Associated Press staff correspondent, inthe follow- ing story outlines the causes and de- velopments to date in this industrial struggle which has attracted Nation- wide attention. BY FRANK H. FULLER. By the Associated Press. DANVILLE, Vi December 20.— Sporadic disorders and bombings that | have directed attention to the strike in the Riverside and Dan River cotton mills here are incidents in a grim in- dustrial struggle that has been termed the spear-head of the American Fed- eration of Labor's major effort to bring trade unionism to the South. With Christmas week approaching | under a heavy blanket of snow, the con- tending forces are as far apart as the poles. ‘The striking workers demand recog- nition of their union and collective bar- gaining. The mill management has asserted collective bargaining never will be recognized and has declared it will “fight to a finish.” Use Non-Union Laber. While this drama slowly unfolds the mills which nominally employ about 5,000 are running with non-union work- ers in undetermined numbers. l‘..()n one side o(l:;: e:n:;'uvfiy uug. Fitzgerald, presiden e mills, who has refused to see union repre- m.u.vu, Asm:h-o: of n:e ltoundder, managed the huge plant under the “industrial democracy” system, es- tablished in 1919, which provides for a house of representatives composed of workers, a senate composed of mill su- perintendents and officials, and the t of the mills with veto power. id was noted for welfare work done in the village. On the other side is the union with Buford Nash, former speak:r of the house of representatives in the “indus- trial democracy,” as president. Nash was. from the mills because of his union activities before the strike. Unrest Year Ago. ‘While the bone of contention has sim- mered down to recognition of the union and collective bargaining, there was dis- satisfaction among the workers a year | DBttery 2go. They opposed & 10 per cent wage cut and favored part-time operation if cur- tailment should be necessary. They protested further against an alleged “inhuman stretch-put system,” under which the number of looms tended by & worker was increased. The workers sent a committee to see William Green, president of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor. Green sent representatives and a local of the United Textile wrokers was formed. Pitsgerald refused to see them, but offered to hear workers’ grievances through the “industrial democracy.” The strike was voted and September 29 v.hen:::ken walked out with com- ent. Injunctions Are Issued. Non-union workers gradually ap- peared. There were picket lines to Ee passed, reports of intimidation came forth. Two injunctions—in Pittsylvania County and Danville City—were issued. Then came November 24. Mill whis- tles blew and non-union workers en- tered in oonsiderable numbers. Two nights later there was a demonstration and near-riot in Schoolfield, where the Dan River unit is located. Gov. Pollard ordered out the 116th Infantry Regiment on advice of his personal representatives, when disorders continued the next day. Since then troops with fixed bayonets have patrolled the mill areas. Dan- ville's_police force has been doubled. Gov. Pollard ordered that picketing not be prevented. Military officials, how- ever, have rigidly enforced regulations against mass picketing. Meanwhile several non-union homes and the house of a magistrate have been bombed. The union digclaimed any knowledge of violence. Just before retiring from the cabinet, Secretary of Labor Davis sought to set- tle the strike, but his invitation to the mill management to come to Washing-ef ton was declined. Willlam Doak, his successor, has. announced he would fol- low up the efforts at conciliation. Food is dispensed to union members from a commissary supported by sym- pathetic contributions and union funds. Christmas week will see eviction hearings against 47 families in mill- owned homes. Forced 60 Pupil; number of automobiles, radios, tele- phones and other “luxuries” owned per capita in the opulent United States may be a reference to material on that score used by Herbert Hoover during the 1928 presidential campaign. On the whole, II Duce's thrusts at our crumbling prosperity are interpreted at n as exemplifying Europe's Arrepressible satisfaction over that state of affairs. Even auf of loud-pedaling of our in- le wealth and invincible eco~ (Copyrisht. 1930.) nate neighbors across the seas, A Fog of Sand. iSandstorms, called “haboobs,” sweep the Nile country. Khartum often finds itself engulfed in the boiling sand fog of a “haboob.” So great is the pene- tration of sand that American exporters are warned by consular representatives mot to ship foods put up in ordinary nd boxes. (=YX A To Stay in School | Overnight by Snow | Special Dispatch to The Star. DANVILLE, Va, December 20.—A story of 60 children and 7 teachers of the Dan River School of Pittsyl- vania being marooned in the school overnight by the 2-foot snow of this week reached here yesterday with the clearing of the snow from the road to Danville. ‘The teachers and students were forced to remain in the school Wed- nesday afternoon and night, but all enjoyed the novel experience, it was stated. The home economics depart- ment rose manfully to the culinary Trequirements and an excellent supper was served, also a good breakfast on the following morning. furnace was kept well replen- ished and after an impromptu eve- The Boys' Club of Washington on Jullu‘r”y 3 will celebrate the tenth anni- versary of its founding by business men of In the group are George Crawford, Irvin Hayman, Harry shop at the club. n. Above: In the print Motley, Julia Kramer and Ralph Lord, instructer. “h': Billy Herring, aged 6, weight 40 pounds, and Jimmy Brady, 7 and 45 pounds, in the ring jus the third “man” in the-ring. st before a boxing bout. J. W. White, athletic director, —Star Staff Photo. SOLDIERS TO FACE TRIAL IN VIRGINIA Two on Strike Duty Accused in Fracas When Officer Was Hurt. Special Dispatch to The Star. DANVILLE, Va., December 20.—John V. Leake and John A. Leffel, members of the Virginia National Guard, on patrol incidental to the textile strike, will be tried by a military court-mar- tial at the earliest possible time as the result of a fracas between a group of soldiers and civil officers in a weiner stand last night, Col. H. L. Ople, in command, stated this afternoon. They are charged with being drunk and disorderly and with assault and t on Sergt. C. E. Baker of the Schoolfield Police Department, who is suffering from a severe blow struck him in the face with a soda bottle, which ‘broke his nose in three places. The fight started when Baker and Offi- cer Jess Melton sought to arrest the two for disorderly conduct upon com- plaint of a woman. The end of the twelfth week of the strike in the Riverside and Dan River cotton mills was uneventful, with all outside union officials preparing to go home for the Christmas holidays. State May Reduce Force. ‘The action of County Police Com- missioner Lindsey Moore in stating that he is to ask an increase in the size of his special force today caused specula- tion that a further reduction in the military forces is contemplated, and that the county authorities are prepar- ing for that contingency. Col. Opie had nothing to say when asked regarding a further diminution of troops. He stated, however, that “a few" Christmas fur- loughs are being granted. Expressing belief that children of the strikers should be given special care, Miss Elizabeth Gilman, who arrived yes- terday from Baltimore with funds and toys, today had prevailed upon union officials to use some of the money in feeding cows of the union members so that the children may be assured of milk. She presented a check for $84, collected from Baltimore industrial girls for the strikers. Goes for More Funds. Miss Gilman, social and philanthropic worker, expressed the belief the strik- ers will win. She came principally, she said. to help in preparations for a big Christmas party planned by the union for strikers' children. She re- turned to Baltimore early today to secure additional funds for the union members, she said. The union today had gone on record as vigorously opposing action of Wil- liam Murdock, general secretary of the National Textile Workers’ Union and Communist, who stated that he sent out an appeal to his ization that its members be for the local strike fund. The union will under no circumstances accept proferred aid from the “Red” organization, the state- ment sald. Murdock is® still in jail, serving a term for distributing in- cendiary and libelous circulars, and is also being investigated by the United States immigration authorities with a view to deportation The Poof Neglected Hundreds of poor families .are ng to the Volunteers of America for food, fuel and medi- cal aid, and unless our friends come to our immediate rescue, ‘we will be compelled to turn away poor women with their little kiddies who are pleading with us to help them. A contribution mailed to the Volunteers of America Head- quarters, 514 Bond Building, will relieve the situation that is ex- isting, or, if you ring National 7559 a representative will call for your donation, Please, Today! Lest You Forget! NEGOTIATIONS OPEN FOR TRAIN UNIONS TOLINK TOA.F.OF L. (Continued From First Page.) Green said, had extended over a period of about a year, but they were about to reach a point where same “very im- portant conferences” will be held in the new year, probably in January or Feb- ruary. Neither the exact date nor place has yet been selected, Mr. Green said, but he believes it likely that the cpnferences might take place here in the National Capital. Questions of jurisdiction and terri- tory, but principally the former, he said, remained to be settled. “We are making progress,” said the A. F. of L. president, “and I am very hopeful that we can bring about an understanding. I am doing everything in my power to bring it about. It would be for the best interests of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor and the best interests of the Brotherhood of Rail- way Tralnmen.” If success crowns the efforts of the labor leaders in these negotiations, President Green feels that an agreement may be reached between the federation and the other three transportation brotherhoods. The question of affiliation was dis- cussed “some years ago” with the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and the Order of Railway Conductors, President Green said, but there were some things which could not be “cleared up,” so the matter was dropped. Ne- gotiations, however, he said ceased in iriendly spirit, and will in all likeli- hood be resumed if the trainmen af- fillate with the federation. Secretary of Labor Doak is a mem- ber of the Brotherhood of Railway ‘Trainmen. When President Hoover was considering candidates for the post of Secretary of Labor, Mr. Green stated that the American Federation of Labor expected the President to appoint a Secretary from within the ranks of the federation. This pronouncement was expected to precipitate a contest on the nomination of Mr. Doak. After the selection of Secretary Doak, however, Mr. Green withdrew any opposition, and the A. F. of L. did not oppose his firmation in the Senate. Honduras is shipping many more ba- nanas to the United States than a year DECEMBER 21, A. P. OPENS DIRECT U S-MEXICO WIRE Presidents and Officials Ex- change Greetings to In- augurate Service. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, December 20.—The United States and Mexico were brought closer together tonight when, over & direct leased wire, The Associated Press began the daily exchange of news be- tween New York and the newspaper Excelsior at Mexico City. Messages between President Hoover and President Ortiz Rublo were the first words to be sent at the opening of the wire. President Hoover’s message read: President Hoover Opens Wire. “His excellency, President Ortiz Rubio, “President of Mexico, “Mexico City. “Mr. President: “Mexico and the United States of America lie side by side on_this great continent. They are neighbors and their territories adjoin each other, yet 50 extensive are these territories that their two largest cities are separated by many thousands of miles and the citizens of Mexico City and the citizens of New York have little direct contact with each other. The occasion, there- fore, of the opening of a direct leased press association wire between these cities is an event of very real interest to the cities and to the other sections of the two countries. “The message that I particularly wish to send to your excellency and to the people of Mexico tonight is the fervent hope that the means which are used in transmitting my message will be & great instrument of understanding and never one of misunderstading. “I assure your excellency that the re- sources of the Government of the United States are devoted to this end, and I earnestly trust that the news which will flash back and forth over this wire will reflect an ever increasing sympathy be- tween our two countries and will tell the story of many peaceful and happy and friendly events. President Rubio Responds. To which President Ortiz Rubio re- sponded: “His Excellency Herbert Hoover, “President of the United States, “Washington, D. C. “Mr. President: “Your cordial salutation to the Mexi- can people on the occasion of the open- ing of the direct telegraph wire of the Associated Press between the City of New York and this capital is a demon- straticn of the firm bonds of friend- ship and sympathy that join the North American and the Mexican nations. “This gives me the opportunity to express my respect and admiration for your great country. I consider also that the establishment of a perfect news service through the direct wire between the United States and Mexico will serve to increase the friendship and good understanding which exists be- tween our two peoples. “Please to accept, Mr. President, in my own name as well as in the name of the people of the Mexican repub- lic, a salutation filled with good will and hope in the destinies of our two nations. “PASCUAL ORTIZ RUBIO.” Officials Send Messages. ‘These messages were followed by others from Senator Dwight W. Mor- row, Pablo Herrera de Huerta, charge d'affaires of the Mexican embassy at ‘Washington, and a number of publish- ers from New York, Havana and Buenos Aires, The wire itself, long the objective of press associlation and newspaper execu- tives, was arranged between the Asso- ciated Press and Excelsior with the facilities of the American Telephone & Telegraph Co. and the Mexican Tele- phone & Telegraph Co. It is the long- est international leased land wire for strictly press association news service transmission ever established between the two centers for this purpose, operat- as it does over more than 3,000 miles. Viewing the service this wire makes le “‘as a great progressive step in fostering fraternal relations between his country and the United States,” Senor Herra de Huerta, in the absence of Am- bassador Manuel C, Tellez, continued: “I #m sure this service will further strengthen the bonds of friendship be- tween Mexico and the United States, and I cordially felicitate the Assoclated Press on its inauguration.” Envoy Sends Congratulations. In a message to Kent Cooper, gen- eral manager of the Associated Press, J. Reuben Clark, jr., United States Am- or to Mexico, said: “I wish to sincerely congratulate you upon the opening of a direct Associated Press wire between Mexico and the United States. This is a great inter- national service. To increase the fa- cility of international communication and Intercourse is to promote and strengthen sympathetic understandings and friendships of the two peoples to which only may we securely look for the maintenance of peace in the world.” Mr. Cooper also received a telegram from Senator Dwight W. Morrow, for- mer Ambassador to Mexico, extending his congratulations “on the successful es- tablishment of a direct leased wire be- tween Mexico City and New York City for the use of the Associated Press.” “The development between Mexico Get Your Christmas Candy ... “FRESH”... e=from the Pannle May candy " Candy mailed all over the U. §. > Insured free against loss. Fannie May Candy Kitchens 1010 E St. N.W. 1354 F St. N.W 1406 N. Y. Ave. 1704 Pa. Ave. N.W. 3305 14th St. (Tivoli Theater) Address Is Puzzle For Jacksonville Post Office Clerks By the Associated Press, the best of them baffled. address read: “‘Mrs. E. W. Holmes, “Who lives next door to Mrs. Jenkins, “Who owns a cow, “Jla-!cn\:file. Fla." and the United States of a mutual understanding of each other’s problems is a matter that requires patience and hard work,” Senator Morrow said. “A new and direct line of communication, man: by men of good-will, is a real contribution ~to that understanding. Beatm wishes for the success of the new service.” LUTHERANS CONSIDER SEMINARY PROBLEMS Religious Educational Methods Dis- cussed in National Meeting of Church Leaders. Problems encountered in - religious education were considered yesterddy by the Board of Education of the United Lutheran Chutch of America which met at the Burlington Hotel to discuss the correlation of courses of studies be- tween colleges and seminaries, Dr. L. H. Larimer, dean of Hamma Divinity School, Springfield, Ohio, speaking on pre-theological courses, ex- pressed the opinion that courses in the Bible are not sufficient for entrance into a theological seminary. What the stu- dent needs, he said, is an intelligent interest in the Bible and an attitude of mind which enables him to get larger ll‘?d larger conceptions of God, man and e. Dr. L. Franklin Gruber, president of the Chicago Lutheran Seminary dis- cussed the study of Apologetics. Our Christian thinking, he declared, must be dynamic to meet the emergencies of experiences. ‘What is most needed in students is “a razor-eiged mind,” said Dr. Joseph Stump, president of Northwestern Lu- theran Seminary of Minneapolis, Minn. He added he didn’t care what students studied or where or how just so they developed keen minds. ‘The Pindings Committee, taking stock of the day's discussions, voted that the board of education appoint a committee to investigate the present purpose and content of college and seminary courses in the English Bible, Apologetics, ethics and religious education and, to re- define the specific purposes of ‘each of these courses. CHILEAN BONUS OFFERED ON AGRICULTURAL EXPORT Commission of Six to Pay Bounty on Products to Stimulate Drive for World Markets. By the Assoclated Press. SANTIAGO DE CHILE, December 20. —Aided by the government’s new bounty plan, Chilean agriculturists are initiating an immediate program for in- tensified participation in world markets. President Carlos Ibanez today signed a measure which creates an agricultural export commission of six members, and which provides for bounties to be paid on exported products, the amounts to be decided by the commission with consent of the President. ‘Wheat, cereals, fruits and vegetables are among the products whose sale will be pushed abroad. La Follette and Walsh Say Independent Survey Shows Need for Funds. By the Assoclated Press. Results of an independent survey of employment conditions were read to the Senate yesterday by Senators La Follette, Republican, Wisconsin, and Walsh, Democrat, Massachusetts. They called for additional Federal aid ?-y‘o‘na that proposed by the adminis- lon. ‘The two Senators read replies of ques- tionnaires they sent to the mayors of every city in the country with a popula- tion of more than 5,000. Not all cities had re) . La 'Follette canvassed the mayors west 6f the Allegheny Moun- tains and Walsh to the east. Reports 500 Per Cent Increase. La Follette sald he had received 100 replies, and these reported that demands for assistance this year had increased from 100 per cent to 500 per cent over last year. ‘Walsh re; another hundred re- plies. In husetts, he sald, th® mayors of 15 cities re) an average of 9.9 per cent unemployed. He said in Springfield and Pittsfield the calls of families for relief had increased three- fold this year over last. He sald 993 families were recelving assistance in gvl‘gnlfleld, and 280 familles in Pitts- eld. La Follette characterized the pending $116,000,000 employment appropriation as a “drop in the bucket” and asked Congress to make available sum to be expended throuj Cross or some government relieving distress.” ‘Walsh Asks $100,000,000. ‘Walsh has proposed a $100,000,000 ap- propriation to be used in dividing e cost of relief work with cities and States. Administration leaders who sat by wait- ing to pass the $116,000,000 emergency employment appropriation have tended that Red Cross officials and other local relief ncies were meet- ing the situation. Follette said his figures were “a complete refutation” of this contention. a sufficient h the Red agency in For each 360 or Jraction borrowed you agu 20 de- a month an due. Deposits may on a weekly, semi- monthly or monthly basis as you prefer. $540 $45,00 $1,200 $100.00 $6,000 $500.00 Library Obtains . Valuable Autobiographical Attempt Through Auction, By the Associated Press. The unpublished beginning of an autoblography of James Madison, which the author did not finish becsuse he found it too tremendous a task, has come into the possession of the Library of Congress. The 15-page work of the fourth President, painstakingly penned by his secretary and annotated by the hand of his wife, Dolly, came to. the lbrary through an auction. Its experts regard ;hed manuscript as a.valuable historical ind. ‘Through its recitations of biographi- cal facts, many of them “see also—" references to volumes current in his time, come revealing glimpses of the man, Madison, beloved friend of Jef- ferson. He laid bitter blame on his own “in- discreet experiment of the minimum of sleep and maximum of effort” to com- plete two years of college in one for the ill health which prevented his par- ticipa in the Revolu- tionary War. Popular love of “spiritous liquors” he held responsible for the only political defeat he noted in his long public careér ~—for the Virginia Legislature. Before the revolution, Madison said, it had been “the usage for the candi- dates to recommend themselves to the voters, not only by personal solicita- tion but by the corrupting influence of spiritous liquors and other treats hav- ing a like tendency.” Madison said he regarded this prac- tice as “inconsistent with the Republican principles” and “trusted to the new views which he uld with old practice. conseque election went against him.” Meticulous was Madison’s conduct in the House of Representatives. He wrote of declining to “receive at the public expense articles of stationery provided for the members,” a matter on which he believed he was “the sole exception.” The Bank that Makes You a Loan with a Smile The terms of Morris Plan Loans are simple and practical and —it is not necessary to have an account at this Bank to borrow. Jair to 12 months, MORRIS.PLAN BANK Under Supervision U. S. Treasury 1408 H Street N. 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