Evening Star Newspaper, December 7, 1930, Page 38

2 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BSUNDAY.......December 7, 1030 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star N per Company 116y 8 A8 Penmevivania Ave New York Office: 110 East dand ’t icago Office: Lake Michican Bulldiiu. uropean Office. 14 Reent St.. London, England. ite by Catrier Within ening Star......... ening and_Sunday wher 5 Bubbae Suncay Sar e Kby o ilection fade i (e end of each month. ay ‘e Senl in by mall of (élchnoné the City. 45¢ per month 60c per month Star Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. ryland and Virginia. ily. and_ Sunda 00; 1 mo.. 85¢ Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for repusiication of all lews. G Patohes £0 It G ‘mot ‘gtherwise ‘ered- FuBlIRed Hersir ATl sights of mubSicarion o 3 i ASI ights of publication of wevlfl dispatchi erein 0 1eserved. Repudiation. The House in pasting the Treasury and Post Office appropriation bill yes- terday adopted the Wood amendment which denies to employes of the Gov- ernment inereases in their salaries during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1982, which under existing law might be granted for maintenance of satis- factory standard of work, It further denled to those employes of the Gov- ermnment “in the field,” meaning out- side the District of Columbia, certain adjustments in salafy to make them eorréspond to the rates paid for similar service in the District of Columbia. ‘The Congress, if it finally puts thriugh the appropriation bill with such a clause, will in effect repudiate the pledges made by the Government to the employes of the Government, many of whom are recelving the smallest salaries in the Government services. The éxcuse given by Chair- man Wood ‘of the House Appropria- tions Committee for such action is that this is no time, with great unemploy- ment in the country, to increase salaries of Government workers, whose pay chécks come in regularly. The law, however, has contemplated these in- creases in pay within grade, for the satisfactory performance of service. The employe of the Government quite natu- rally has come to look upon such in- ecreases as practically automatic, al- though the law also provides that Con- must in each fiscal year make the necessary appropriations to cover these increases. To take away from the employe this promised pay strikes & blow at thousands of faidiml Gov- it workers; it necessaffly must such circumstances tend to re- duce efficiency and strike at the moraie are today urtemployed. Without in any way minimizing the gravity of the un- employment situation and the distress of the workers who can find no work, it seems particularly hard that the Gov- ernment, which has strongly urged all employers of labor not to cut salaries, should now undertake what amounts, After all, to a declination to live up to its promises to pay for faithful service performed. Representative La Guardia of New York, - attacking the Wood amend- ment in the House yesterday, as- serted that if the plan were adopt- od, it would resut in indifference and inefficiency, costly to the Govern- ment. “It takes every spark of hope from every employe in the Federal serv- ice,”. the New Yorker said. “It takes every incentive to better work and more efficiént service away from every Gov- ernment servant on the pay roll.” ‘The Wood amendment was made ap- plicable only to the Treasury and Post Office appropriation bill, after a gen- eral proposition for such limitation on the pay of Federal employes had gone out of the bili on a point of order made ! | tion follows the line of the Constitution by Mr. La Guardia. A similar amend- ment must be written into each of the appropriation bills a5 they come before the House for consideration, therefore. It is explained, however, that the in- creases contemplated for the Civil Serv- ice employes in the Federal departments alone are under attack. The increases | ment. across the river from Detroit, and be the guest of his American World War comrades in arms. Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, is now a soldiér of about the same age as the average American Legionnaire. It is in that capacity that our service men of 1917 and 1018 would welcome him on our soil. Royalty in modern war does not always face the foe on the firing line, but in the prince's case he did reénder yeoman service on the West- ern Front through the sheer power of his winning personality and the psycho- logical effect it had on the morale of Mr. Tommy Atkins. The American Légion knows it will greet not only “a regular fellow,” but a gallant soldier man, if it is privileged to thunder a Yankee cheer in his ears in Michigan in 1931 Political realists sometimes scoff at the practical value of such interna- tional amenities as visits from mon- archs or merely eminent citizens to foreign countries. Yet there is no doubt that far-reaching results sometimes flow from thesé pleasafitries. The British Empire long has considered the Prince of Wales to be its most influential “commercial traveler” and ambassa- dorial envoy. His smilé and unaffécted bearing are now and then said to be worth a whole year of formal diplomatic negotiations. He is 'shortly being sent to South America in dhdér t6 cement & new trade slliance between Great Britain and Argentina. - Our relations with the British people are traditionally good, but are capable of improvement, and certainly of being strengthened. 1t is difficult to concefve of any better way of solidifying them than by letting us bask for & while in the sunshine of John Bull's “Prince Charming.” King George's suecessor to be, if he is gifted with that foresight which is part and parcel of statesman- ship, may soliloquize that to brush shoulders with the men who aiready wield real influence in Amefican na- tional affairs might be a8 good & plece of business for the British Bmpire as dancing the tango with the beauties of Buénos Aires. Here's hoping the prinee will honor the Legion with his presence! N— National Referendum. Proposals for a ‘“national referen- dum” on the éighteenth amendment to the Constitution have split both wet and dry forces. Dr. Clarence Trué Wilson, general secretary of the Meth- odist Board of Temperance, Prohibition and Public Morals, has been quoted a4 saying “thefe is nothing I would so like {0 see as a national referendum on the eighteenth améndment,” pro- vided the vote is between that amend- ment and & definite alternative. Dr. Wilson doubtiess was expressing his entire faith that the country in such a referendum would strongly uphold the eighteenth amendment. Another ardent supporter of prohibition, Dr. Brnest H. Cherrington, genéral secre- tary of the World League Against Alco- holism, however, 18 particularly cool to the proposal for & national referendum. He has issued a statement calling at- tention to the huge cost which, he esti- mates, would be necessary for the con- duet of & referendum 6n the subject of prohibition. He mentions the modest sum of $25,000,000 which would have to be put forward by the prohibitionists to conduct their campaign for the success- ful retention of the eighteenth aménd- ment. Presumably, if the prohibitionists are to expend such & sum in & na- tional referendum, the anti-prohibi- tionists may be expected to expend as much, if not more. Political elections for the choice of a Chief Executive of the Nation pale into insignificance alongside of such & contest as Dr. Cherrington visualizes over the wet and dry issue. The expenditure by the Re- publican National Committee of five or six millions of dollars for the election of & President has been the subject of criticlsm. The Democrats almost equaled Republican expenditures in the last presidential campaign. But & ten- million-dollar expenditure for both major parties in & national election, compared to & fifty-million-dollar ex- penditure by the drys and the wets, is & mere nothing. Many persons may dispute the suggestion that it would re- quire such a hugé fund to conduct the dry campaign and election in support oi the eighteenth amendment. To some it may appear that the devotion of the people to the cause of na‘ional prohibition would be almost sufficient to carry the referendum against the wets, even though the latter were ex- pending large sums of money. Representative A. Piatt Andrew of Massachusetts has proposcd in the House a joint resolution, which he has described as a “referendum” but which in reality is a proposal for an amend- ment to the Constitution, striking down the eighteenth amendment. His resolu- itself for amendment to that instru- In the first place, the proposal can be submitted to the States only by & two-thirds supporting vote in each House of Congress. 1! that gantlet | has been run, the proposed amendment then is to be submitted to conventions which come to postal employes m.ghela in the several States as provided faithful service are not to be tampered sloned officer of the Army and the Navy, which is increased in accordance with the length of service. ereases are to be allowed during the eoming fiscal year. The fact of the matter is that the declihation to grant the very modest incresses in pay is to be denied to the Government employes least able to o lay up a competence against old age or disability. Some other method of reduecing the deficit in the Federal ‘Treasury should be devised, in justice %0 faithful service. ————— - IS Wi soon be time for the horse- | shoe pitchers to turn to checkers, The Prince and the Legion. All Americans will hope that the Prinde’of Wales may find it agreeable to acoept the invitation of the American Legion to attend its annual convention in Detroit next October. The prelim- inaries to that happy end have just been -initiated by Ralph T. O'Neil, the new national commander of the Legion. The heif to the British throne will, it appeass, be spending part of next Sum- - L These in- {in the Constitution, instead of Legisia- with, nor is the pay of the commis- | tures. | the Constitution, the proposal must be To become an am:ndment to ratified by conventions in three-fourths of the States. In other words, the only difference in the proposed method of | rtpeal of the eighteenth amendment from the metiod of its adoption lies in the fact that the matter is to be sub- mitted to State conventions instead of | the Legislatures of the several States. meet the everyday cost of living and | Mr. Andrew contends that therein lies the referendum; that the pegple | will vote not as Democrats or Repub. licans in electing delegates to these State conventions, but as wets or drys. | His conception of a national refer- endum on the liquor subjert, Lowever, differs considerably from the popular definition of such & referendum. It has one advantage, however, in that if |nu proposal were carried through euec- cessfully, it would actually change the Constitution, whereas & mere ref- jerendum vote, with the popular will of the people expressed would be only an advisory opinion. | R, Discrimination in Holidays. Of the thousands of Government em- ployes who went to work on Tues- day morning THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTO! afternoon. The decision to permit the employes to do their Thanksgiving shopping on Wednesday afternoon and to close the departments at 1 o'clock was reached in the State Department first. Other Government departments followed with similar announcements. But in one department at least, and in & number of offices where the work was pressing, no holiday was permitted. This naturally has given rise to some fesentment among the employes who had to work while their brethren Across the hall went free. The expected complaints regarding discrimination have naturally followed. During the exceptionally hot days of last Summer the same lack of uni- formity prevailed. Some of the offices were too hot, it was felt, to force the employes to remain. But in others, 1 just as hot, the employes did remain. ‘When balf-holidays, such as on Christmas eve, have been announced through a presidential proclamation, it has been customary to leave to the discretion of heads of bureaus and departments the decision as to which employes can be spared. There are al- | ways some of them who cannot be spared. And it must be eonceded that the head of a department is the best judge of that. The difficulties arise when a special grant of time off depends upon individ- ual and someétimes whimsical judg- ment as to its advisability. In the morning one cabinet officer, who per- sonally detests snow, will look out of the window &t heavy drifts and decide that he can best serve humanity by per- mitting the employes in his department to go home immediately. But another cabinet officer, who personally finds ex- quisite pleasure in snow, will regard the same drifts with & loving eye and call upon his workers to redouble their ef- forts until 4:30, when & good time will be had by all. Thé employes who have been kept over ean find some eomfort in the fact that the next change of ad- ministrations may bring & new boss who detests snow in Winter or heat in Sum- mer. And, after all, that is about the only way that the problem of obtaining desirable uniformity in the matter of unexpected half-holidays ever will be settled, unless the President himself chooses to assume the role of holiday- dictator, and that he will not do. But on such occasions as Christmas eve there should be uniformity. Let every employe hope that his boss has a tree to trim, a astocking to fill. —_—————— The idea that important saving may be effected for the Government by holding down wages of department workers is one that never oeased to reassert itself. natural to certain regions where the impression prevails that anybody work- ing for the Government has & “loafing job” and deserves no sympathy. et If Einstein is looking for some studies that are genuinely profound and puzzling, he might undertake to under- stand 4l the ine and outs of politieal relationships. ‘These involve relation- ships quite as extraordinary as the great prineiple of relativity in the universe itseélf. — T health is pleaded by Poincare as & reason for not accépting the succes- sot$hip 16 Tardleu as premier of France. When Jimmy Walker says that holding office meéans 4 hard life thete areé many distinguished peérsonages in Europe who will agree with him. o Robots, or automatie pilots, are to be more and more used in the future for flying transport planes, especially through fog and storm, it is announced. ‘These are splendid subjects for an in- vestigation or a eourt-martial, in case of mishap. o Financial experts describe financial tonditions as sensitive, thus Mtimating that it is time for every one concerned to be sensible, ————— Death-dealing gases in the valley of the Meuse lead to a slight fear that some one has forgotten that the war is over. e If polson fogs become frequent in Belgian areas, peasants might show wisdom in adopting the gas mask as & part of the national costume. e e, SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDBR JOMNSON. Restoration. Somewhere a8 Autumn breezes blow A violet lies hid below The leaves that scatter here and there Across the earth so chill and bare. ‘The hours of gladness swiftly stray And yet we know, not far away, ‘The blossoming smile Time will restore To cheer the existence as of yore. before Thanksgiving | mer éod Autumn in Canada, on his|there were relatively few who had | Uncle Eben. rancli i Alberta, and the presumption 'any idea of the half-holiday on' work harder dan ever to ¢ Inquisitiveness. “Why do 80 many people want to go to the U. 8. Senate?” “Curiosity is & natural trait of human nature” answered Senator Sorghum. “The Senate is the place where every- | The: thing on earth is sooner or later in- of the vestigated.” Jud Tunkins says he believes every word Einstein says. What's the use of contradicting & man if you don't know enough to give him an argument? Cheer Leaders. The statesman of the present day His volce must cultivate, because He may be raising cheers by way Of furnishing his own applause. Languages. “Can you speak many langusages?” “Yes,” answered the diplomat. “And when international argument arises I am sometimes compelled to feel that I | accurately understand very few of them.” “To forgive an enemy,” said Hi Ho, | the sage of Chinatown, “may faill to make him your friend. He may regard you as lacking proper respect for & ‘would-be foreman.” Paddling Along. A lame duck said while passing by: “My fate's not altogether grim— Though I can’t fly so very high, I'm in the legislative swim.” “We's all waitin’ foh Christmas,” said “Us grown folks has to de chil- It 18 & habit of thought | of | | President would ~ do. rfi-mm do thaign his way home he might find Weddesdsy, snnouncement -of which lun up foh findin’ out dar a&3" N0 BAnty Luy ey eeed s LUpell: though, tha to drop off at Windsor, was made without waming on Tuesday OClaus” “Vi THE GREAT D. 0., DECEMBER DISCOVERY “BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington. Text: St. Luke, zv., 17—“He came to Himsel].” ‘This cryptic passage raises the ques- tion: “Where had He been?” The im- plication is that He had been absent from himself. The physical, yes, the mental man was there, living in a far country, but the spiritual, the soul element, had been absent. For the while it had been dispossessed. It was dui this period that the physical man sank to the lowest levels of degra- dation, he literally came to feed with the swine. Every vestige of his former 1ife seemed to be lost to him, the only thing that remained was the :R;nll or ical man, wit] appetites un- fu’“."m and unrestrained. The whole incident is descriptive of a condition that is by no means uncommon. Again we meet men and women in this world who are physically and in- tellectually attractive, who seem to occup; & place of advantage and yet wi ‘k something that secures to them a life of consistent practice, & life erned and controlled by the mandates of conscience. We often speak of one who has suf- fered a mental impairment as being “out of his mind.” The phrase is one that needs some explanation. It would seem to imply that the mind had evacuated the , the body but the wfiul shell. In such a condition the 1is unabl It suffers lmn‘h‘ inhibitions, :-mm‘l’l1 u:n from excesses that suggest & ship - out & rudder. It is reasonable to think of his diviner self, man is incapable of living on the higher levels of thought and habit. The main- tained repeatedly that the life was more than meat and the body than raiment. He sought to give man a new conception of the dignity and beauty of life. He sought to show him that independent of all environing mstances and of material A he was ever greater than these. e portrayed a kind of life that is win- some and fascinating. He broadened its horizons and invested it with a finer outlook and the power to attain it. Behind the rudest exteriors He saw the possibilities of recovering that which was seemingly lost. On one : “I am com seek and to save that which One of the tragic tendency men have to be | themselves of the finer nature. Rudyard ly when brought back to the )nnh[“ lost environment ane 1o function normally. | Sbove that where the authority of the soul | I8 recorded in is ignored, where the better nature is d, where there is no seat of | jgment that determines what is right or what is wrong, an anomalous condi- tion exists, ‘That we are endowed with some- thing, call it soul, conscience, or what we will, that is designed to exercice a controlling influence over thought and habit, is clearly evident. If we refuse to fln 1t au ity we guidance or direction, we lose that dig- nn{ and poise that guarantee to us & life of satisfaction, self-respect and tranquility. Without & consciousness are more than mental, spiritual in our nature th recognition and the cultivation and ex- ercise of its prerogative. To come to one's self means the restoration of life to its place of soversignty of power and highest efficiency. “The more abundant life, life full of emn&l:uon haunts us all, We feel thing we ought to be beat- ing ith the thing we are.” “Coalition” in Nation’s Affairs Is Developing on New Lines BY WILLIAM HARD. ‘The party talk begins to be heard at this week end. “Progressives of both parties begin to feel themselves squeezed by the new | o “coalition” of “regular” Republicans and “rlfilllt" Democrats. Bach side of that coalition has a knife for the other side of it; but both sides agree l‘ uniting to chiofoform the Progressives, ‘The Progreasives in the last session the Con were the stars of the show. In this session, except for two or three of their pet songs, like Muscle 8hoals, they are asked to step to the rear the chorus. They are outraged. ‘Their bi crovnln? hit, the tariff, has been snatched out of their hands. They were permitted and encouraged by the leadership of the Democratic party in the last session of the Congress to pro- claim the tarift in its present form as & vital cause of bad times. Now the leadership of the Democratic party, in- stead of joining with the Progressives | to repeal and remove that vital cause of bad times, announces that it prefers to have it removed in the course of years or decades by the United States Tariff Commission, appointed at present by & Reépublican Chief Executive. The Pro- gressives in the matter of tariff are left 'ln.n their mouths open and nothing to sing. Theme Song Is Silent, ‘Their plight is the same in_the matter of campalgn eéxpenditures. In previous sessions any Republican “purchase” of a senatorial seat for lngl.hln[ more than ‘150,000 was regarded by the Democratic leadership as a theme song that could not possibly have Loo many renditions throughout the performance. Some of the Progressives got so well trained to ""fl this song that they looked forward with the happiest anticipations to this 'sent session as a gala opportunity for he display of their perfected talents at it. Then the new ‘coalition” of Repub- lican and Democratic roll-call “regulars” seated Mr. James J. Davis, Republican, of Pennsylvania, with more than $600,- 000 perched upon the banner of the ticket which elected him, in about 20 minutes of senatorial elapsed time. Again ‘the Progressives were hit and no chance to do it. The Demo- cratic “regulars” preferred to vote at once for the seating of a Republican “debaucher of the electorate.” was one of the popular phrases only a few short months ago in the mouths of the Democratic-progressivistic ensemble chorus. Now the Democratic “regular” chorusmen seem just simply not to want even to listen to it. Export Debenture “Apple Sauce.” It is the same way, again, with the export debenture. Last Winter, if Sen- ator Borah rose and sald “debenture” the Democrats could respond with vo- cal counter-point about it for hours at 4 time. Democratic Leader Garner, in the House of epresentativer, could prov the debenture to enactment. now the ve Democrats a) proaching power, all right, but t& debenture approaching oblivion. Presi- dent Hoover denounced it as an eco- nomie heresy. He would veto it The Democratic leadership wants no al session.” It wants no pro- tracted wrangles. It wants skirmishes with the President and diurnal changes of m‘lrln‘ with _him, but no great pitched battles. It hands the 13-inch shell called the debenture back to the Progressives 'and asks them to hold it. ;rhl:;y‘ :{e’haldlnc it with no gun to rom. ‘They once more are muy‘ht to frustration ’:y both once more are tempted to con- cludo.‘t‘!ut they certainly need a party eir own. Progressives on Side Line. ‘The Democratic leadership cares mmlnl! any longer for the good will of the Progressives. The FProgressives were useful to it in splitting the Repub- lican party. Now the Democratic leader- ship to go it alone to the White House. Its plan for getting there is puison for the Progressives. The first part of it is to avoid all thinkably avoidable fundamental con- troversies between now and March 4, and then adjourn till the ensuing De- cember with a sick country left solely all next Summer to the care of Dr. Hoover. The country will still be of & lot of maladies’ when in that De- cember the Congress reassembles. The patient will still be far from well. He will still be groaning and complaining. Then the Democratic lelderxglp can feel his pulse sympathetically and say: un Conflict With “Dr. Hoover.” ‘8o this is where old Dr. Hoover has 8ot you. We're terribly sorry. You will note that right along we have been ab- solutely 1. We are doctors, too, but we haven't tried to interfere with Dr. Hoover’s prescriptions. He has pre- sale scribed lots of water and no stron, stimulants. We could have done mu better for you, but we were ethically scrupulous not to try to break in upon Dr. Hoover's practices. Indeed, we have helped to carry you his medicines. ‘We have co-operated. Too bad, you are still so tfully sick. Your pulse is alarming. Your heart action is falling. ‘There is_just one thing you need. You need a Democratic President. You do not know exactly what a Democratic we. it for Prank Roosevelt, er Joe |law for such violations. left | with their lips all set to utter & song | That |+ Robinson, or Al Ritchie, as the case may be. /Vote for a Democrat, any Democrat, of any views, dand we are Task Winfer. becatie. then perhaps, you inter, 'CA! n, 3 w.:u)dn’t need s Democratie doctor ow."” That's the essence of the plan, and it leaves the “Progressives” on the side. lines adorning the bench with no ef whatsoever to_mount the mound A rltch. ‘The Progressives want I lation. The Democratic leadership stinctively wants essentially an absence of legislation now, in order that there lots left for the voters to hope for from » Democratic President later. Hence the death of the Demoeratic~ Pro‘rualve coalition. Hence the re-|io vival now of the good old periodical third-party talk. (Copyright. 1990.) o Radio Copyright Issue Confronts Supreme Court BY HARDEN COLFAX. ‘The question of the right to the copy- right is about to come before the jus- tices of the Supreme Court of the United States for decision. Just now it 18 worrying radio broadcasting systems, program directors and even the receiv- ers of radio pro Cases now be- |fore the Supreme Court deal directly with the extent to which broadeasters can transmit over the air music, plays and stories protected by copyright. The associated suthors, music writers and publishers through their attorneys have pounced on broacasting sta- tions and have collécted $250 each for many of the alleged violations of copy- right, That is the sum_specified by But the com- plications do not end there. There is & bitter controversy as to what consti- tutes a violation of copyright. Even if the broadcasting station or the network—and the networks are asked to pay & certain sum for each station—has bought the right to broad- cast & song, play or story, the question remains as to what can be done with it by those who receive it. The problem involves the question whether a sta- tion or another system which receives the copyright program can pick it up and rebroadcast it without penalty. One case before the Supreme Court deals with the rights of a hotel in Kansas City. The hostelry receives its programs from local stations, which are part of national networks. The hotel has a radio set in every room and redistributes these programs to its uests. It is contended by one side the suit that since the hotel uses this facility in serving its ts, it is violating the t of the suthors on the program. Hotel Enters Denial. ‘This is vigorously denied by the hotel, which points out that no possessor of a receiving set has any means of know- ing whether or not the broadcaster has purchased the right to broadcast s mlmmwnmg{muuf‘fm copyright owner. poin! A that & sult may even be inst the private owner of & radio provided he receives some cuniary benefit, even if roundabout, y letting others listen to his set as it receives pleces which violate c hts. blems have never disturbed the cou before. There is n g in the code Napoleon or, indeed, in Blackstone which gives anything but the basic principles of common law and y_rights to govern such litiga- ‘The opinion of the Supreme moreover, brought full | Court, therefore, is of far reaching im- portance not only to hund of authors, actors, musicians and publish- ers but to millions of radio fans and to broadcasting companies which have enormous sums tied up in equipment and in the production of programs. The decision, lawyers n{‘. will serve to estab- lish a precedent which will govern the decisions of many cases in the future and may change the entire trend of the latest of recreations. Clalm Broadeasting Hurts. Authors,“artists, and publishers de- clare they have been seriously hurt by the m-lmm.. of mufical and stage and literary successes, even when ade- quate payment has been made for the right to broadcast them. They say that ifa the broadcasting d & ferent networks and from different sta- lons and instead of acting as an adver- tisement, the authors say, it acts as a slow, and yet not so slow, poison. broadcasters say that while in | salari some instances it may be true that the life of a success is shortened, the radio has opened outlits and provided profits for 10 songs where one sufficed to fill the demand before. This, they say, has resulted in an improvement of qn-l.A:‘yd to quantity and profits for the author publisher, according to the Bureau of the Census, and ral officials attribute this in part to the intense interest which musi- ciaps take in radio programs. The talkies and other recreations, it is claimed, have done something toward checking the tendency to reproduce musical successes in the home through personal rendition. Others in close ~m¢h‘:1: :’:‘ reprodi m‘mfi 4;.“ uce music e amam (Copryrisht. 1990.) 1930—PART TWO. Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. M d interesting bits of w‘iltv and -&: Tepartee, as well as kernels of information, are gleaned about the committee room of the House unit in Congress get- out the supply bills, which is the one particular job of the present ‘“lame-duck” session. For example: When the doughty Iit- tle warrior, Representative George Hol- den Tinkham of Massachusetts, with some reputation “bl ’clevfl; um;nf;:r boxer and implacable foe of prohibi- tion, who is & member of the Appropri- ations Committee, has always ridden hard the prohibition enforcement offi- cials as they came annually to justify thg appropriations asked for, was in- uced the other day to Col. Amos W. W. Woodcock, director of prohibi- tion, he bristied up to him with chest thrown out and mock forensic attitude, and the following pleasant ‘was overheard: itive ?anhlm: “Bo you are adversary?” Mm ‘Woodeock: “Oh, I wouldn't dialogue A usetts BC{"D‘I: of several Mayflower passengers s wonderful collection of trophies of his hunting hmm in and other itative Tinkham (with char- modesty): “Yes, I have done & little shooting, but what has that to do_with my Director Wi why an elep with & poor little Wood- L] the recent eampaign crept keyhole of the hearing when John W. Philp, one of the Assistant Postmasters Geeral, was testi- fying regarding & 14 per cent in- ciease in postal savings deposits. Chair- man Wood recalled that during the campaign he had read & statement in the newspapers that seemed to him radoxical. Mr. Philp knew just what referred to and explained that— “One man in the campaign said that the money in the hands of rich people An echo of through the room Interstate Problem in Aviation BY FREDERIC With mechanical development of air- craft going forward in the United States with gratifying speed, authorities are turning an ‘increased amount of atten- tion to regulatory questions and the matters of law involved. The old ques- tions of States' rights arises anew in connection with this matter. Because of the Trnv, speed at which airplanes travel, far greater than that ever achieved by common carriers before, & conflict between the authority of the Federal Government and that of State governmens is more likely than was in the case of rail, motor and water trans- portation. Flights average longer distances and planes carryin passengers and fre ht whisk across State lines with incredible speed. Whereas, the traveler on the ground proceeds with a certain degree of deliberation and an ever-present lbg- ity to stop, the winging plane may fly through two or three jurisdictions with- out reaching a suitable landing field. In a degree never before reached, airplane travel constitutes interstate commerce. A rallroad train traveling from New York to Boston or a motor bus on the same route may observe certain Iimits and more or less local requirements with comparative ease. Going from New York to Wash- ington, the traveler encounters the regu- lations of six local jurisdictions: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Dela- ware, Maryland and the District of Co- lumbia. a s anywhere along the line. makes the dash without & stop, . 1t cannot stop when without inviting disaster. This over six jurisdictions is interstate come merce indeed. - It is recognized that, in the develop- ment of & new industry, constructive growth or retardation can be produced by wise or unwis legislaticn. The quess tion arises: Whose legislation? That whatever scheme of regulation, as finally worked out, must be & com- prehensive one covering the entire terri. tory of the United States seems to innate in the problem. In the days of that little | distances noted from which the letter . K:{l‘x letters, and the securely together packet of letters or w-. You are in the post by " 1 cost Uncle Sam 10 supply the pro- e)8 and straps that T letter box—it is gof next year for new letter e those that are beyond to install & few at new * K oo Occasional letters are there is 50 much of that has to be weighed in minutes, the problem of regulation takes on & new aspect. Numerous Regulations Are Confusing. While at least 20 States have en- acted laws providing that no one may fl{ over their territory excepting holders of Federal licenses, nor even operate within the State, seven Btates ui only State licenses and six Btates have not acted on the question at uu—cm Ing | is, any one, regardless of his skill or airworthiness of his plane, may fly within or over their domains. setting which each other. Rail- roads find themselves governed, so far as traffic within & State is_concerned, mcuwmx-mwhew:m i -k ok % It costs nearly & half milli & year to buy twine and tyix?: 3:3‘::: for the tal service, H. R. Nichol, Deputy Assistant Postriaster &Mu in fl::::’ 'ofmprocm;:’nnem_ told questioned him. Owing 1o depression in India States Government is buy: mgxy 2 cents under the normal cost. urth Assistant Postmaster General Philp disclosed that the Bureau Standards fil::“bom :‘.:ndd to .;:rk out weight ton twine that ‘OOU’IGJE "I&N#:.HM. .nu;t"“ 0f Dbeen to have the cotton twine made in U‘;l‘f:g States penitentiaries. “Of course, cot- ton is one of our distressed products in this country and we woull £ we antey, and ve would like 10 use it Uncle * x x % cm.d“!;mflturu that he has something over $300, m fln c‘nrntwn of the rmm:flg ‘ashi) n. Prederi Tilton, Third mm s Qeneral, explained to the members of Congress that there was a substantial increase in sales at this agency last Which totaled $317,173.32. He pointed out that the stamps sold h this agency are not used for postage and, consequently, to that ex- tent represent a net, ‘nm for the Go! ernment except for cost of manu- facture, ¢ *x ok % The small adhesive stamps which you use on your letters are made af the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Where all paper money and bonds of the Government are engraved and printed. Postal cards are printed at the Government Printing Office. The stamped envelopes are made by a pri- vate contractor in Dayton, Ohi rom & die furnished by the Government, * K ok % ‘The special delivery stamps result in fees paid to messengers of approximate- ly a quarter of a million dollars a year, The boy gets 9 cents and the Govern- ment recelves 1 cent, which officials of the Post Office Department figure just about meets the cost of handling ‘the special delivery letter. Most of the spe- cial delivery in big centers have cars and average around $140 to $150 & month. In the smaller cities the boys use bioycles and received from $40 to $70 a month, according to Arch Cole- ::Ln. First Assistant Postmaster Gen- LI Uncle 8am has a speclal appropriation every year out of which rewards are paid postal employes for inventions which affect & material economy or in- creased efficlency. The amounts paid to the individuals generally run $35 to $50. The largest amount paid was five years ago for the development of stand- ardized pay tables for use in all post offices, by which in addition to insur~ ing much greater muntfi. labor in making out the semi-monthly pay rolls has been greatly reduced. For a safety guard device for use on punch presses at the United States mail equipment shops, through which the T r annual list of accidents to per- sonnel has been reduced to practically 2er0, & $180 reward was pald three years 2go. Rewards of $100 each were paid for the develormznt of & new and high n cutting device for lacing by laws differing from the Federal act to regulate commerce. Every motorist is aware of the muitiplicity of regula- J. HASKIN. tory ordinances he encounters in crosse & few State lines. r & State to set up s more lax standard of skill and airworthiness for aeronautics than the Federal one is to invite danger; for it to set up & more rigorous standard is to retard develop= ment along lines which the Federal Government has approved. Carried to & conclusion which it nearly has been Infinrrnmtmnuwnflrud tra tion, an Aviator would have to take eut 49 licenses-—a Federal ane and one in each of the 48 States— rovided he desired unlimited freedom navigate over the entire country, and even if he held the necessary State licenses, he might be required to land at every State line for inspection of his eredentials or compliance with some re- qQuirement. The burden this would place upon the development of com- mercial aeronautics is obvious. In rallroad regulation considerable difficulty has been ironed out by mak- ing the Federal tute supreme save where the movement is wholly within State boundaries. Attempts have been made by States to require an interstate shipment to conform to local require- ments for that part of the haul within & State. In the Shreveport rate case and the Minnesota rate cases the Su- eme Court of the United States es- blished the governance of the Fed- eral law for entire length of haul in every case where & State 18 crossed. Federal Standard Is a Solution. A very substantial burden would be placed on the States themselves if they set up inspection stafls for enforcement of their local laws. This burden would be muitiplied I:* the number of States and, of course, the cost would mean & multiplied taxation. ‘The system which is regarded as most workable is for States to enact laws which Testrict their licenses to only those who have obtained Federal licenses. This, in effect, is & complete acceptance of the Federal standard. It would only be necessary for a man, in be | appl, or a State license, to_exhibit nf."mfm license, in order to do busi- "l":l: even whol‘l‘y“wimm given lM; would en no vy burden tates; the matter could doubtiess tomobile The several Btates of the American Union are noted for enacting laws and lgp regulatory requirements differ from commeroe clause. It 18 agreed, however, that the individual States can be of much use- fulhess in assisting, within their jurls- dictions, in the enforcement of such Federal code as is established. ‘The late Chief Justice Taft h&:‘ofi’ in air cases on the broad ques! of Federal jurisdiction. The opinion quoted was handed down in a railroad case, but 1 n‘rnlsd a8 peculiarly applicable in principle to aviation. It reads: “Commerce i8 a unit and does mot regard State lines and while, under the Constitution, interstate and intrastate commerce are ordinarily subject to regulation by different sovereignties, yet when they are so mingled together that the supreme authority, the Nation, can- not ex>rcise complete control over inters state commerce without incidental n‘:- Iation of intrastate commerce, such in- dustrial regulation is not an invasion of State authority.” All-Party Government Discussed in Britlfn BY A. G. GARDINER, England’s Greatest Liberal Bditor. ‘The political world is agog this week of | énd with rumors of change. The in- ability of the MacDonald government to stem the tide of unemployment has de- ved it of public confidence, and every -election emphasizes the conviction that an appeal to the country would result in its complete overthrow. Labor has shot its bolt and is rid- dled with mutiny within and growing general disinclination to force an elec- &ofll lzor fear that worse things would ‘The most significant fact at this time is the loss of uthm-umnymum and shibboleths and even liamen- tary government. The tional litical creeds seem unrelated to emergency, which is entirely economie, and the idea of forming an all-j government to tide the country over the crisis is being widely discussed. David Lloyd George was pml:.lnly regarded a8 maneuvering for solution, but at a meeting of Liberal members of Par- liament on Priday he said that a na- tional government was out of the ques- tion, because the Conservatives were unwilling to co-operate. Meanwhile, Premier MacDonald has made & gesture to the Liberals by un- dsmklnf to bring in the electoral re- form bill, which is expected to give the Liberals a fairer share of parliamen representation. This will secure for him L U] , which should carry him well into the new year unless the revolt of Sir Oswald Mosley, who seems de- termined to challenge the leadership of Mr. MacDonald, succeeds in detaching a oonsiderable element from the Labor party. It is im ible that Mr. MacDon- and it is being widely suggested that he may seek & way of escape by him- self becoming the next Viceroy of India. That appointment is giving cause for grave concern. ‘The Labor party has no member of the caliber for the posi- tion in the present exceptional circum- stances, but Mr. MacDonald himself is admirably suited for it. He has won the cordial approval of the Indian dele- ites to the round table conference by conduct of the proceedings and his reputation among the Indian ople is perh:E: higher than that of any other living English statesman. No prime minister ever before has become Viceroy of India, but the de- parture is warranted in view of the unprecedented opportunity. If, as is now hoped, the conference here evolves & new Indian constitution acceptable to Parllament, the success of the ex- nt wg: dapte&-m ut l:n the vlcal;oy charged wi utting operation, R irly adapt e task. ‘There are obvious difficulties in the way, but this writer has reason to know that Mr. MacDonald is flattered by the idea and is probably not indis- posed to have an excuse to quit his greunt unthankful post. But should mail and for the in- vention of the d:n'gl faced facing ult:ie fir the ‘l::w York post office, whereby men accommodated at each tal instead of 8 men as heretofore, i ———— Dearer Dollars Mean Burden for Debtors | From the New York World. While much has been written about the benefits which wage earners and led workers are deriving from the increased pure] g power of the dollar—provided, of course, that their incomes have not been impaired—the effects of this enhanced commodity value of the dollar on those who chance mdm::: to have been quite jen ,l-fl.lnl prices the debtor, whether an the | individual, & corporation 'or & govern= ment, incurs a new burden. dol« needed to interest or become Mr'gobhm nnd’rhl:nv?.: value in relation to goods than [ g ? tem 'y had when the debt was incurred, The purchasing power of the dollar, measured in tenm’:l wholesale prices, is shown by the index number of the | 5 Department of Labor to have risen 21 per cent since 1926. This means that the debtor who borrowed $1 in 1926 must Doy back the equivalent of $1.21 in 1930. When we apply this to the case of the farmers, who are largely & debtor olass, we may discover an added reason for the of lnu:ype'rlodo!kfi e resign the premiership his successor would be neither Mosley, the aristocrat, nor James Maxton, the Communist, but Arthur Henderson, the working en- gineer, whose tenure in the forei office has been the most success! feature of the Labor ministry. Mr. Henderson, who is a Wesleyan of strong Puritan leanings, is & man force of character, sobriety of it and rare reserves of natu His J;.l:mn in the Labor party is unequ and he is free from the temperamental defects which make Premier MacDonald's relations with his party difficult. ‘These speculations may be wide of the mark, for the situation is too com- plex for confident forecast, but dras- tic changes are inevitable in view of ¢ the deepening concern over the coun- 's distrust without. Its only asset is & ald htmul) may fall, for his personal | ¢ position is becoming extremely difficult | my) Fifty Years Ago In The Star “In the struggle for women's rights " says an editorial in The Star of Novem- 20, 1880, “t00 Property l.i'humen {mportance 18 for Women, jttached to the bal- ency of the laws, even in the most en lightened and progressive lands, has been to take from the married woman a1l property rights and invest,them in the husband. Indeed, we can go farther and say that this has been the spirit and effect of the laws, and that the undema at present 18 in the same direc- tion. Within the past few years there Blates, s “dispostion 1o Drenk. away , & WA f‘n’::- this mmumn of the com- mon law that it was dangerous to in- trust & married woman with any free- dom in the n, management of or disposal of property. Strange as it may appear, Texas has advanced farther than any other State of the Union in according to married women the rights of property necessary to protect them- selves and their children. Not only have no injurious consequences resulted in marital reladons in consequence of the liberal laws of the States toward the women, but it is claimed that society tary | has been greatly benefited. The advo- cates of married women's property rights have watched the effect of this legislation closely, and they assert that one result has been to protect the home= stead interests of familles, and that the women have shown themselves to be, upon the whole, more cautious than their husbands., They have not been so easily enticed into speculative schemes the men. On the other hand, the ing idea of the wife and mother who has it in her power to control rLy 1s to hold on to the home of herself and children.” P ¥ In The Star of December 2, 1880, the following account is given of the first Mrs. Lookwood Befors pegore ing U. 8. Supreme Court. Jnited States upreme Court by Mrs. Belva Lockwood, who 50 years ago was one of the leaders in the woman suffrage movement.: “In the United States SBupreme Court yesterday the case of Kalser against the Freeman's Savings & Trust Co. came up for argument, and Mr. Woods and Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood appeared for the appellant and Mr. Totten for the appellee. Mr. Woods opened the case for the appellant. The question arose upon & note and & deed of trust to se- cure its payment for $16,000 and inter- est. Mr. Woods argued that the a |- lant, being & married woman, could not legally be a party to such a contract, and in support of his view cited various cases from Ohlo and Pennsylvania; one of the latter, he sald, was decided by Mr, Justice Strong, and on referring t¢ it Judge Strong' said that either he di¢ not understand that case or the coun sel did not; to this the counsel respond- ed that both of them understood the case. The &mc in the case under argu- ment was that a married woman could not encumber her own property by a deed made by herself l-n:eh“lbum. Ohio cases were cited by ocounsel, but they appeared to have been on questions ral | relating to her personal liability on per- sonal contracts. After the a; ent of Mr. Woods had been concluded the court declined to hear counsel for the appellee; thereupon Mrs. Belva A. Lock- wood, who had prepared and flled the original bill in the case, arose and ex- pressed a desire to be heard in support of the appeal. The court sald she ht proceed. BShe then presented her views of the case in an argument of about 20 minutes’ duration, and this was tha flntflmllkl.!mkmmnnapm IN, tunity to argue a cause in the States Supreme Court.” Learn by Close Inspection. Prom the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel. trial, its present administra has assumed the | ‘haracter of 'a menace to natonal | solvency. . | (Copyright. 1030: Bince half the population took up house-to-house canvassing, it knows & ;?t more about how the other half ves. ———— | No Use Anyway. | From lhtl:.k.wnvlll- (unn Times-pion. whose =uty :.nt:n.-'plm‘ d.t.l'. “:g nok make th&'mistake of putting Weis hands in other people’s pocketa. ———— - Bobby Quoted Above Par. From the Indianapolis Star. lo:hg‘.vnnu seems to be holing out e L