Evening Star Newspaper, October 22, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C WEDNESDAY . ..October 22, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editer per Company New York Office: 110 icago Stg,g Lake Michi ropean Office; 14 ot Rate by Carrier Within the City. Star. .. 45oper month r h ndays) ... ... 60c per month The and Sunday Siar (when 5 inda: ! Sunday Star .. | llection mads at the end sach s may be sent in by mail or telepbone [Ational 500( Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, y and Sunday.....1yr. $10.00: Ffll only .. 1yr. £6.00: 1 mo.. unday only 1yr, #4.00; 1 mo., 40c All Other fly and Sun States and Canada. iy ony TN H inday " on1y 2 00; 1 me 00: 1 my 5.00; 1 mio.. Member of the Associated Press. soclated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news ¢is- Batehes credited to it or not-otherwise cred- ited in this paper snd the local news Published herein. All rirhts of publication of special dispatches herein are also rererved. $1.00 8¢ 50c Depression and Politics. Those who are accused of politically capitalizing “hard times” and unem- ployment naturally assume that they are no more culpsble than those who politically capitalize “good times” and b heartedly turn down the park propo- you can get still more ) and perhaps use it to plant some along our beautiful streets. Now, having gone that far, it seems strange that the park roads could not be included in the program. Of course. the parks are purely a Federal project —Ilaid out on a scale impossible for a community of this size to support. But then the City of Washington is also a Federal project and is laid out on the same grand scale. So, if Washington streets and all departments connected with them can be maintained by Dis- trict taxpayers, it seems passing strange that the subcommittee would so hard- sition. L Another two cents, making it six cents in all, could be added to the gas tax, which would take care of the mat- ter nicely. But, why go up by such picayunish stages? Make the tax equal to the price of gasoline. Then Washington motorists might be able to buy a new wing for the Capitol or, perhaps, add another story to the White House. —————————— Moratorium and War Debts. ‘The presence in Washington this week of Dr. Hjalmar Schacht, former president of the Reichsbank, has given rise to widespread discussion both in America and Europe of the possibility of a German reparations moratorium. Inseparably linked with that question is the matter of allled Europe’s war debts, not only those owing “over the full dinner pail; that it is only natural to point out one to contradict what has been claimed concerning the other. And, as Mr. Morrow very aptly expressed it the other night, “any party which takes credit for the rain must not be surprised if its opponents blame 1t for the drought.” But without dwelling on the rea- sonableness of some of the accepted phenomena in American politics, it is lamentable that a situation which is of such vital concern to so many per- sons, and which so obviously is due to a complex of causes beyond the control of any political faction, should be ob- scured by such accusation and counter- accusation. It is a matter which may well concern the best brains of both parties, not as political capital, but as an opportunity for service. A depression is an exceedingly com- plicated economic phenomenon. It cannot be resolved by debate nor by any other means except the application . of sound and far-sighted business en- gineering. This is the way President - Hoover, himself a master economic en- gineer, is trying to resolve it. Any effort to exaggerate or belittle the sit- uation makes the colution more dif- Sicult. The political viewpoint is necessarily It is colored, at the best, out dismay lies the greatest assurance ©f their sound solution. —————————— “I would rather be president of the less trouble and more fun. A new lubricant, said to be impervi- ous fq either heat or cold, or dilutants, is alleged to have been discovered by engineers. We have one already—it is known colloquially as “elbow grease,” Lut the supply seems to be diminish- ing of late. ———— ‘The song, “On the Beach at Waikiki,” is said to have brought many changes for the beter in the surroundings of that famed Pacific resort. O, for some bard who would compose a best-seller dealing with the Potomac water front. That Free-Handed Subcommittee. One of the surprising things about that generous Subcommittee on Motor Licenses of the Commissioners’ Traffic Advisory Committee is that in the meeting the other night at which the doubling of the gas tax with the regis- tration fee was urged, it falled to be receptive to a proposal that the Federal ‘Government be relieved of all expenses in connection with the roads in Rock Creek and Potomac Parks. ‘The subcommittee, with a lavish ges- ture, had already said in effect to Un- cle Sam: “In spite of hard times, in spite of business depression and in spite of the fact that no call has heen made upon us and no justification shown for increased revenue from mo- torists, we, the members of this sub- committee, out of the gocdness of our hearts, want you to be relieved of all the contribution that you have hither- to made to the District for highway maintenance. It may mean, of course, that the doubling of the cost of run- ning automobiles in the National Cap- ital will force many motorists to give up their cars, but that means nothing . We have fixed it so that you expense for the , in spite of the ys you must, and ve gone even farther. From now the salaries in the highway and c department will be paid without giving the matter another thought éa‘ 83 Eig there,” but more particularly the ones which are carried, as funded obliga- tions, on the books of the United States Treasury. Though Dr. Schacht is now a pri- terials = “yowszi. A distinction be- tveen the g.nus and the dullard & that the first sees innumerable details| in nature which are invisible to the| other, although he has the same sort and mechanical quality of eyes. ‘T kindergarten seeks to bring about a co-erdination of eyes, ears and brain. From this fundamental accomplishment of education the details of learning the alphabet or comprehending the in theory will come of themselves. With- out it there will be only the vaguest sort of understanding of anything. It is a grave mistake to evaluate the stages of education according to their time sequence. One might arrive at a better valuation by turning the figure upside down, with the kindergarten at the top. ———— Faster Railroads. Science has not yet achieved a means of transport over long distances which rivals the raflroad passenger train for the combined qualities of cheapness, speed, safety and comfort. Despite the competition of air lines and motor busses, it promises to hold its supremacy for many years to come. It still is far from the end of its pos- sibilities. It need not concede much to its younger rivals. Better locomo- tives, better coaches and better road- beds are in prospect. Consider, for example, the quality of speed. The airplane, of course, moves faster. But an experiment on one of the German rallroads the other day shows that the difference may not be 50 great as it seems. A rallway coach, shaped like a zeppelin with a five hun- dred horsepower airplane motor and driven by a propeller, tested near Hamburg. Carrying twenty-five passen- vate citizen, it was natural for President Hoover, Secretary Stimson, Secretary Mellon and Gov. Meyer of the Federal Reserve Board to receive him and to talk international finance with him. Dr. Schacht does not foreshadow that Germany, in the immediate future, will seek to avall herself of the Young plan proviso for a cessation of reparation payments in case of need. But he acknowledges that the time may come when she will have to do so. ‘The Bruening government announces in Berlin that it has no moratorium plans, except the tentative ones it is authorized, some day, to make. The International Bank at Bacle likewise denies knowledge of any moves in that direction, though London and Paris insist a moratorfum move cannot be long postponed. For the present, the $125,000,000 foreign ecredit just ap- proved by the Reichstag will tide Ger- many over pressing fiscal necessities. America’s interest in any Young plan revision is immense and direct. Suc- cessive administrations at Washington have always insisted that reparations and European war debts to the United States are wholly separate propositions. No matter whether Germany tempo- rarily defaults on her obligations to her European creditors, Washington has consistently and persistently held that we should expect our European debters to keep on g interest and sinking- fund instaliments under agreed terms. Just how feasible and tenable that contention on America’s part would be, once conditions supplanted theories, is & question. Uncle Sam would hardly try to squeeze blood out of a turnip. If European exchequers, with budgets ordered on the basis of Germanv's scheduled annual payments of $425,- 000,000 and upward, were suddenly to find themselves in disarray as a resuit of a Berlin moratorium, it would cer- tainly be difficult for the United States to enforce the stipends we now receive from the Old World. Dr. Schacht, who quit the Reichsbank in protest against the Young plan, is probably seeking to “educate” America and the world at large when he voices the view that “a complely restored Germany,” ie, & Reich relieved of erushing reparation burdens, will actual- ly be more profitable to creditor coun- tries than annual payments in cash. The American cancellationist schcol uses more or less the same language when it advocates the wiping out of the billions Europe owes us. ———r———————— The powers that be in Abyssinia are alert bargain hunters for royal trap- pings, judging from the fact that at the forthcoming coronation the coach of ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II will be used; that it will be drawn by white horses imported from Hungary and driven by a former coachman of Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria. Those determined to stay in the king business have found it profitable to shop around since the wave of unpopularity of that form of rule set in about 12 years ago. Washingtonians formerly got their car tokens confused with dimes; now it makes no differnce. ——re— Kindergartens. The uncertainty which attends the kindergarten situation in Washington is regrettable. The underlying cause may well be lack of understanding of the functions of pre-school education. The kinder- garten, it is likely, seems to many per- sons a luxury in education. It does not fit into the orthodox pattern. Why should the public pay for teaching children how to play? We are ac- customed, through centuries of practice, to picture schooling as beginning with the primer. Actually, of course, kindergarten edu- cation is no luxury. If the cholce were offered advanced educators of abandon- ing the pre-school training or the last years of high school there is little doubt of the decision they would make, from the standpoint of utility. The purpose of the kincergarten is to teach children| how to use their eyes and ears. This, after all, is the foremost object of any school, from nursery school to univer- sity. The mastery of any specific skill is secondary, or follows naturally from training of the senses. The interval be- tween the first steps and words and the first grade is the ideal time for this all- important teaching. It is then that eye and ear habits are becoming fixed. They may be well establishe. by the seventh or eighth year—and if they happen to be bad habits the schools may never succeed in bresking them. Lamentably few adults have learned to use effectively their eyes and ears. ‘That is why there is such a vast number of superficial individuals in the world—men and women who move through life as through a vague, dull L we, in order to show the sincerity dream, incapable of coping with reality because their eyes do not see reality, incapable of thinking because their senses do not bring to them the sights and sounds which are the primary ma- gers, it attained a speed of ninety-five miles an hour within a couple of minutes’ after starting. The passenger airplane cannot do much better—and the railway coach can offer room and comfort to passengers ‘which the flying machine hardly can hope to rival. It is hard to belfeve that the maximum of comfort in travel is not still a primary considera- tion. If there is anything inborn in man, it is dislike for restraint of move- ments and cramped quarters. There are few who have not experienced it. The distaste for restraint often reaches a pathological intensity and becomes one of the best defined and most fre- quently encountered of the phobias. Ex- periments with infants show that hold- ing the arms is one of the two acts which will bring a rage response. This bit of elementary psychology means much to the railroad. It can give its passengers a degree of free- dom of motion beyond the utmost pos- sibilities of any of its rivals. They can- not combat it on this ground. Now it is in a temper to challenge them in their own fleld of supremacy—speed. Entranced by conquests of science in new fields, we often make the mistake of assuming that the old institutions have no future except to become obso- lete. We consider their histories closed chepters. In no case is this more falla- cious than in respect to the passenger train. There is good reason to believe, looking at the prospect in the light of the fundamentals of human nature, that in the future the railroads will be carrying a greater percentage of the passenger traffic of the country than at present. Speed is the god of the day. But it is only one god in a pantheon and there is no immediate prospect of & monotheism in human nature, - Eddie Cantor, retired from the stage, is to become a playwright. All right; but he will find that from now on he must depend on audiences’, not his own hand-clapping. A special hospital and sanitarium caterihg. exclusively to goldfish is lo- cated in Toronto, Canada. How does one go about taking a goldfish's tem- perature? — SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. 422,30 The Great Ideal. 'Tis pride which causes us to mourn. Existence here below In Summer’s heat could well be borne, Likewise in Winter’s snow; But scorning comforts we might win, We yearn for worldly dross. Again resounds the battle's din, Each wants to be the boss. The rosiest scene of peace that's drawn An autocrat reveals; One ruler seems to tread upon Another ruler's heels. And health or peace each man esteems An unimportant loss. This is the sweetest of his dreams, He wants to be the boss. An Important Condition. “Do you object to hecklers?” “Not under certain circumstances,” answered Senator Sorghum. “They're a great help if you can meet ’em before- hand and have ’em well rehearsed.” Deference. “I enjoyed your plano solo very much,” said the talkative girl. “It was not a solo,” answered the polite but sarcastic musiclan. “Your conversation was the principal and most charming theme. My performance was merely an obbligal An Achievement. In language, simple truth to tell, He must have studied long and well— He can recite and also spell A complicated college yell. A Shadow of Discontent. “It is upon the farmer that the great- ness of this country really depends,” sald the persuasive statesman. “Yes,” answered Farmer Corntossel; “but sometimes I think I'd like to be one of the fellers that didn't have so much dependin’ on ‘em, so's I could have time to wear good clothes and go to a few parties.” Population Reducers. “How did China come to be 5o densely populated?” asked the inquisitive person. “Because,” answered the man who always knows the answer, “it started its civilization so long before the invention of automoblles and street cars.” Revelations. 1f people always spoke the truth, It wouldn't make us gladder. ‘The world would wiser be, in sooth, But likewise vastly sadder. “One trouble is,” said Uncle Eben, “dat we wants our good intentions taken |foh granted, but when we stahts in to be disagreeable we goods.” e & - ] Woman Protests BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. In this column recently we discussed those rs of the horticultural world, the roses, and how well they looked despite the hard, inimical Sum- mer. ‘The first stroke of Autumn, as de- ‘livered recently, did not succeed in hurting them. ‘They looked, at this writing, as chip- per, fresh and green As at any time during the year. Necessary pruning may be postponed until November, not only with no hurt, but probably with benefit to the plants. If the weather should loosen up again, and warm days succeed, many rose- blossom. * ok ok % This late ¢ of roses, although it may be flnl“roi’; one of the most de- lightful of the yose year. 'As we recall the season, the first roses in theusprln‘ did not come as early as usual. ll‘f the past this writer has had roses as early as April 26, if we mistake not the date; but this year it was some time in May before the first blooms of Red Radiance came out. We have hl:‘ld roses as late ”.! Decem- ber—or should we say a rose? Unless our enthusiasm for Red Radi- ance leads us into error, we have had at_least one blouomnon Chl"'i'n;n.ls;; . Not a very good flower, s but unmistakably and indubitably a red, red rose. And in the snow, as we recall. * % % * Pruning and other garden operations may be suspended unfirl(avm. chances are that the District Columbia will enjoy more warm days, although there is one school of weather thought which looks for as cold a Win- ter as we have had a hot, dry Sum- ™% 1s a bit hard to belleve, however, that real freezing weather will come along before early November, which is Rt far off, Many persons who have purchased tulip bulbs, for instance, have hesitated about putting them into the ground. They were right. If the warm spell had extended during the month of No- vember, or should return' for any ex- tended lrtreu:h, mlewgn‘x‘m might send up thelr soft green s! E Tulips and other so-called Dutch bulbs had better be planted this season in November, preferably as late as pos- | sible. Bulbs remaining in the ground from Spring’ must_be left, of course, where | they are. The chances are that old bulbs will not have the vigor of the new plump ones supplied by the professional | growers. There is little danger of older bulbs sprouting at the Indian Summer call, ko E Perhaps there is more reason for pruning rosebushes this Fall than in an ordinary year. ‘The drought no doubt has caused them to suffer, though they may show no particular signs of it. Root systems have been hard put to it to carry the luxuriant canes of green leaves and such blossoms as they have borne. Now,the burden should be lessened. After cold weather definitely sets in, it will be a good thing for the average bush rose if it is cut back. Just how much is to be left to the discretion of the individual gardenét. Normally, ama- teur gardeners fear the pruning Kknife. It will be safe to cut all bush roses back to a foot from the ground. Even two or three inches is not too close, if the gardener does not worry about it. It must be remembered that the root sys- tems are what carry the entire plant, after all, and that the large root system, and grow new stalks rapidly Climbing roses must not be pruned at this season, for their flowers come not on old growth but upon the new which they have been able to make this sea- son. To prune climbers at this time means that most of Spring's possible roses will be cut off, too. Pruning of climbers must come in late Spring, aft- er the vines have sent forth their har- vest of beauty. Often this time will not be until early Summer, depending upon the time of blossoming of climbers. * ok ok X One may decide at this time whether to keep certain climbing roses. These have a habit of “taking the place,” as feminine gardeners say. In certain types of gardens the climbers serve very well; in others their rampant growth is not desirable. In the latter event, a judicious prun- ing, even of\new grow h, may be carried on at this time. In some cases it is best to uproot the whole plant. But as a general proposition, if rose climbers are kept to the boundaries of a yard, they have their place, and may be left to luxuriate as they please, provided one has a normal amount of sensibility as to the feelings of the neighbors. Long- growing canes of climbing roses can be- come & sore nuisance to another, and every owner should make sure that his vines are not climbing into another yard and causing annoyance for some one who does not-own them and per- haps is not interested in them. * ok ok % ‘The average gardener will do well to put off ting his roses until most of the leaves have dropped off by the natural process. The expert may transplant at any time, but he knows the signs of rose health and rose dis- ease, and thc exact amcunt of water necessary, and 5o on. The average amateur will do better to walt until the most of the rose leaves are gone before he carries out his in- tentions of moving some of his bushes to other situations. He should not wait until after freezing sets in, of course. He will find that the Weather Bureau re- ports are his best friends. He, too, must depend upon them, just as the large ag- riculturist does. Whenever one transplants, however, it is well, to remember that the plants must be given water. The roots of rose- bushes should be protected as much as possible from the wind, in transplanting. The earth must be packed around them as carefully and as swiftly as possible. Water should be poured in, from time to time, in order, settle the earth with- out touching/the roots amy more than necessary. Several inches of dry earth shouldgbe placed over the water-soaked area. It i not good to trample down this earth with the feet. The water should do all the settl'ng that is neces- |sary; that is why it is essential that enough earth be packed in around the roots and that the Watering be done thoroughly enough to fill up all air spaces which may be left between the particles of sofl. Always remember that the soil is the natural home of roses, shrubs, bulbs and other growing things. The earth may seem very, very cold to the gar- dener, but that state is natural, and the plants are used to it. The earth is their home; its changes, its heat in Summer, its cold in Winter, have been the portion of plants since they have been on earth. The frail annuals fall before the blasts of Autumn, but the roses and other shrubs, the great trees, the evergreens, the bulbs and perennials stand calm but firm, waiting for the coming of Spring. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Gifford Pinchot's announcement that President Hoover has indorsed him and the rest of the Republican ticket in Pennsylvania takes W: com- pletely by surprise. It jcularly as- tonishes insiders, who have lo: aware of the somewhat rela- tions between the two men. Pinchot, after having knocked at many wartime doors in Washington, finally was taken into the Hoover f administration, though not directly at the “chief’s” in- stigation. The Pennsylvanian had not been a member of the organization very long before he was transferred from it, or at least from headquarters in Wash- ven an assignment which L Hoover be- came President, Pinchot has been at the White House on conservation affairs. But if is not of record that anything resembling an entente cordiale between them was re-established. The forester- politician’s Washington affiliations a: up the street on which Norris of Ne- braska lives. x %k k% Selection of Col. Arthur Woods as “minister for unemployment,” as the British or French would dub him, veals President Hoover's enduring chant for experts. Each b crisis since the World War was practi- cally handed over to him for solution. Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War, drafted Woods from the military ser ice in 1919 to bring about civilian re habilitation of ex-service men. The colonel had just acquitted himself notably in that task when the Harding Industrial Commission in 1921, with Secretary of Commerce Hoover at its head, engaged Woods to tackle the blem of the country’s 5,000,000 work- ess men and women. With that gigan- tic job, too, he came effectually to grips. Col. Woods has played many parts in his day. Harvard man ('92), he was successively a schoolmaster at Groton, reporter, cotton broker, lumberman, po- lice commissioner of New York, and finally—today—corporation and bank director. Sitting on the boards of the Bankers Trust Co. and the Colorado Fuel & Iron Co. Col. Woods brings to his national unemployment assi ent a first-hand knowledge of economic con- ditions. : * K k% Former Senator Charles 8. Thomas of Colorado, who's just told & Washington audience that he could take a drink with 90 out of the 96 members of the shale-oil Colorado cl the Interior Department on the ground that they have not done k h on the property to justify 3 ough a Simon-pure Demo- crat, Mr. Thomas thinks the shale-oil ecm-urrnon charges leveled against the Interior Department are without any real foundation. He particularly de- fends the records of former Secretary Hubert D. Work and former Gov. John C. Spry in shale-oil affairs. Thomas treatens to rival Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes® longevity record. The one-time Governor and Senator of the Silver State will be 81 years old in December. Tall and straight as an Indian, he has the mental and physical vigor of a man of 50. Thomas is a Geor; L. * koK K If Robert Johns Bulkley is elected United States Senator in Ohio on No- pasted in anybody’s hat as a_De cratic favorite son for 1932. He'll be all the more favorite the larger his mfi:flw turns out to be. Victorious Ohio Democrats are traditionally 1%-“- idential timber—the names of ur- air and Pomerene | great B0 Bon'a both from Board and Emergency and has a flair for politics. Trained in the liberal school of “Tom” Johnson, though not as radical as the latter, he can be 88 & pro- ve feet of Rk “rather Sehed by | Bulkley’s modest manner and unohk; trusive lg:clnn: manner. named Robert, friends call him Roy. * ok It's great to be President of the United States and be able to keep folks from parking their cars at your own | curbstone. Since West Executive ave- nue (the short street between the White House offices and the State, War and Navy Building) was recently repaved, the east side of the avenue, just along- side the Executive Mansion h been made a permanent P zone. There are also new Tules about parking in front of the presidential offices. Only the cars of those. ving eng: nts with the President” may come into the area surrounding the of- fices and remain there. Other cars must deposit their loads and leave the grounds. Cabinet officers may park in- definitely. * o * X Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary of the Interior, has on his desk a weighty bit of metal in shape and contour iden- tical with spikes driven in rallroad ties to hold the rail in place. The spike is of shimmering silver which came from the mines of Nevada. Its head ves evidence of vigorous mauling. Its ip, in fact, is nearly broken off. e spike is the one Secretary Wilbur drove not long ago on the desert seven miles from Las Vegas, Nev. as the symbol of the inauguration of the construction of the greatest dam of all time, a struc- ture which on that occasion he christ- ened Hoover Dam. The driving of the spike started the construction of the railroad which will lead to the dam. Asked how he came to knock the spike’s lip to pleces, Wilbur blames it on the mch he’s acquired in the medicine cabinet. * % x Political wisecrack from Massachus- etts—Schoolboy to father: “Dad, how many mills make a cent?” Father: “Not a darned one, son.” (Copyright, 1930.) o Use of Light Paper In Airmail Favored From the New Orleans Times-Picayune. ‘The newest plans for a rapid 24-hour service airmail between the Atlantic and Paeific coasts: is further evidence that air transportation in the Postal Department is here to stay and is due for a very wide expansion. We may count on & climb in the volume of air- mail that will make severe demands on the carrying capacity of air apparatus, which fact will bring new problems. Of the latter phase we are now think- ing and are making a comparison with a quite similar condition during the first half of last century, when the pony express was giving its early form of rapid transit. Size and weight of the matter then carried on horseback was of prime importance, just as it is, or very soon will be, in the Afrmail Service. ‘The difficulty then was met by the use of small, thin and light stationery for pony express letters. Might it not be well, without undue delay, to impose similar restrictions on the size and weight of airmail? If, with- out change of postal rate, the weight of mail matter carried for the standard unit were to be greatly reduced—say to one-fifth or less of the present poise—and if a very thin special paper and envelopes were provided, would not there be an immediate saving in poundage and a correspondingly increase in the mail cargo car- ble for the same overhead cost? nounced modern tend- le manufacture of books |50 from lighter, less space-: papers, and perhaps a general movement ex- tending airmail even into other mall flelds ml{ht be inaugurated to save the multiplicity of bagsful of let- ter mail. It is, of course, improbable that postal matter other than first class will be carried by air in large volume for a X time to come, as the cost will be prohibitive, but there would be a real saving in airm of onlon skin or. papers for letter-! | | Slaughter of Cats twisted into every contortion of agony. ‘The cats made a noise, you say, and, therefore, ‘deserved death. Are there no noises in Washington? The man or woman capable of doing a dastardly deed Uke this must have a heart filled with hate and venom and is capable of A riena. of mine, » bri speaks truth. I was told last year at the District Building that cats and dogs killed by autos were shoveled up at an average of one hundred a day. Many people, on going away for the Summer, send their cats and dogs to the Animal Rescue League to be chloro- formed. They have money to spend for their vacation but none to board their pets. But there are some people still left in the world who love their cats as ANSWERS TO QUESTIONSY BY FREDERIC ‘Washington, D. C. 3 - a part | Q. Is_the All-American W—M?‘W 3 canal, built entirely within the United States, will carry water from the Colorado River to the Imperial and Coachella Valleys, in the Southeastern part of California. Q. What is meant by voicing and tuning a pipe organ?—C. E. R. A. Volcing is tuning or regulating the pitch or tone of an organ. Pipe tunn;. is regulating the entire instru- ment., Q. Who was the Princess Anne after pets. Three years ago we had a traged: here on Mount Pleasant. A !lmfl§ moved from here to Gt town, taking their cat, a big white and yellow tom- cat, with them. Now cats do not like strange places. This cat did not. He disappeared. His owner, & woman of he had returned to A man, whose cat had wandered away, after spending much ‘money in advertising and much time in looking for him, said to me: “You may laugh at me, but when I thought of my little cat, wan- dering around, cold and hungry, I sat down and cried.” ‘We have a recent example in the case of Dr. Mooney, who sobbed aloud as his police dog Fritz was condemned to death. Personally, I have seen %o much Jove and gratitude shown by these poor, persecuted creatures I cannot think this love wasted or misplaced. A man de- voted to his dog, or even to his cat, will rarely commit a crime. When I think of how animals are wronged and poisoned for not being human I regret the abolishment of the whipping past. KATHARINE BIRNEY SEIP. ) Parasitism in Trade Channels Deplored To the Editor of The Star: I am delighted to know there are thinkers among us. I had doubts. Mr. Chamberlain’s reply to my plea for more cash in the channeis of trade gratified me immensely. There is only ) one thing that would gratify me more— | namely, an attempted refutation from one of those orthodox financial the- orists, whose economic voeabulary only |a few years ago consisted of just two words, * t” and “inflation.”” Where are these gentlemen now? Why don't they do their stuff as of yore? I have had many rlvl!hlng experiences in an | extra eventful life, but the piece de re- | sistance for me would be to make a historical dessert of some daring gold- bug who still imagines that all business would come to an end if the money lender could no_longer, chisel out his | 50 per cent. Yes, ething would lwme to an end if a righteous fisc were installed. No doubt of that. But it certainly wouldn't be business! I sus- pect it would be just the unearned graft that now keeps all honest enterprises e 1 ‘0_give the workers and producers the full value of their: servi by the But, really now, is it any wonder that no could any one for an instant clothe parasitism in beauty? “The punish- ment of parasitism is parasitism,” satd | one sage. I have never yet met a single happy unearned increment taker! The irony is not so much that the | parasite oniy achieves his own, undoing, but that he is allowed to rule the Toost and thus undo the affairs of useful, creative and industrious men and women. Here is the explanation of our | upside-down world! More cash would right this weird con- dition—instantly and justly! And more cash for those who support-the whole world LT their backs would indi- rectly ‘divorce the parasite from his | “grandeur complex” — the healthiest | thing that could happen to him. Wh then would be hurt by a democratic | fisc which would reduce interest taking | to & minimum? Is it possible that Washingtonians | are open-minded enough to listen to pre- messages? It r@h is straight and the gof or there is & way—and a out of all our troubles! . GIAT( Campaign Period Needs Market Improvement From the Hartford Courant. The persistent decline in the value of the securities listed on the New York Stock Exchange is inevitably a matter |of concern to the administration.| While it cannot reasonably be held re- sponsible for the continued fall prices, it cannot but recognize the un-| favorable psychological effects of the decline. With the congressional elec- tions but three weeks away, the mood of the voter may be such as to endanger | the prospects of the party in power.| Such an attitude may be condemned as emotional, but the last presidential elec- tion proved plainly that emotions play an important part in the making of political decisions. Mothing would so brighten the outlook as an improvement in the prices of securities, which, al- though it might not give cause for great optimism, at least would make pessimism seem unjustified. | In these circumstances the confer- ence at the White House between Presi- | dent Hoover and officials of the New| York Stock Exchange was probably, hound to be described as an effort on the part of the administration to bring its influence to bear for a rising mar-, ket. While President Hoover is not said to share the ridiculous belief of | Senator Fess of Ohlo that the market, is being manipulated by Democrats for political purposes, he is said to be con- cerned over the short selling which has been carried on recently, and is to favor its cessation by compulsion if; necessary. Such rumors might be set' aside as worthless but for the activity of the administration, under leadership, of the Secretary of Agriculture, in vir-| tually compelling the Board of Trade in Chicago to forbid short selling of grain by foreign governmental agencies, | following the short sale of wheat by the Soviet. ‘The record of the administration with | regard to the Board of Trade unhappily | lends color to the belief that it is anxious to put an end, to the short selling of securities on the stock ex-| chmn.melcunotukalthud against American “bears” the Russian, Such a venture would be most unwise, not because, as Richard Whitney, dent of the exchange, has pointed out, short selling is a legitimate operation, but also because the mmin-l istration can scarcely hope to reap political advantage from it. While a turn in the market would be a great help at the present juncture, its effect would be discounted if it was admittedly of political interference for 2 X very board . th ponged with hot ""’fi'! dead in the | throus! yard of her former home. in | The Chattanooga Times agrees gl whom counties and hotels in this coun- try have been named?—M. C. A. It is that of Anne Queen of England. lowed to become partially dry and then ironed on the wrong side. The coffee femoves any grease and re:tores the brilliancy of silk without imparting to it either the shiny appearance or crackly and papery stiffness obtained by other liquids. The silk appears thick- ened by the progess, and this good ef- fect is usually permanent. Q. Who wrote the Communist. song, “The International’?—L. Z. A. The Communist hymn was written by Eugene Pottler, a Prenchman. Q. When & photograph has to fade, can :n'}tmng be done about 1H2—W. W. A. The fading is usually caused by improper fixing and washing, To pre- vent further change fix in & hypo bath of usual strength for 10 to 20 minutes )l‘nd wash in running water for one our. Q. What does Pagliagci mean?—E. M. Al It is an Italian Word and means “the players.” Q. Where is coral taken which is con- sidered precious?—E. J. Y. A. The precious .coral is found wide- spread on s, borders and around the islands of the/Mediterranean Sea. The most importefit coral fisheries extend along the coasts of Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, but real coral is also obtgined in the vicinity of Naples and on the | coasts of Sardinia, Catalina {and Provence. It of Africa. Black coral wi a considerable height and {{;ulrll;i in the tropical water alia. Q. What is the round boat which ¢ | calied, is still on show at “who became | J. BASKIN. 4 Greeks to keep watch over the gold of Scythia. h: y Q. Where is the carriage in which Josephine drove away when she finally parted from the Emperor?—S, W. Q. What countries ‘are called the Bolivarian nations?—H. B. A. Simon Bolivag founded $ix nations —Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Panama. the st m.‘ m . Who was man Arflnflon National Cemetery?—N. B. nrAv W buried and nnu\umd n man QI’.IVC No. 19, near the Ord Gate. Q. How long after the Y. M. C, A. was organized aid the ¥. W. C. A, come into existence?—G. G. " A. The Y.M.C.Amflnio&‘fi; ized in London, England, in 1844. association movement was originated by a young man who came to live in the city from the country. The first Amer- ican association was organized in ton, 1851, upon the:model of that al- ready existing in London. The Y. W. C. A. dates [rom the year 1835, when Emma_Robarts formed the Eng- lish Prayer Union and Mrs. Arthur Kin- naid opened at London the General Fe- male Home and Training Institate, equlrped with librery, Bible classes snd employment bureau. The first - zation of this kind i the United States was_the Ladies’ C! Assoclation of New York City, in 1858. Q. Is there s United States Junlor o S [ 0 Chamber of Commerce. Its ‘ters are locat- ed in Los Angeles, Calif., 527 West Sev- enth street. There are approximately 100 junior chambers of commerce. They | are composed of young men whose &ges range from 18 to 35. Often the clubs mie organized in senior chambers of commerce as & division. They attend more often to civic things rather than the business end as does ti senlor chamber. Q. How A tomobiles many people were Jost, Jearr—M. C. peo) 41 s o e P motor vehicles f vfiiurfl in 1930 show that there Wil be more’ persons killed than The increase will probably be of 8 per cent, which means 33 Q. Where is the Oregon By i g i il H R For 41 miles it follows It ted in Indians and ppers, & well trail existing for some miles Verendrye in 1742. Lewis’ and passed over this in 1804. In 1810 J. Astor established trading tervals along the trail. In 1830 lette guided the first wagon the trall. In 1842 Fremont official exg:rutlon and under ‘ment autl l; surveyed & route to the Pacific Coast. was used both by' Methodist and by Mormon pioneers. £ Govern: L. serve 60 . 3 Dotinds of fout, 3 pounds of sugar, 135 ounces of salt, 16 looks like a floating basket called? Ifis used by natives in Baghdad.—L. D. s A. It is called a koofah. _84 fintmnmmvmhbfl A. It was & mysterious monster, half lion and half eagle, believed by the National debate has been aroused by the suggestion from George W. Wick- ersham, chairman of President Hoover’s Law Enforcement Commission, that the one dares oppose my challenge? How ! results of flogging ¢ B Supporters of the idea flar criminals. believe that such treatment would di- vorce heroics from crime and would create a_healthy fear on the part of the law breakers. Opponents view the int out that in all punishment the form of penalty has no effect on the problem of detection and conviction. “In view of the failure of every other device known,” advises the Cincinnati Enquirer, “there surely, is something to be said for trying this one. But a re- turn to this ancient method of cor- rection would be justified only in the case of those afl-g:nhwho,hl:ze n;:‘:: flagrant w, | themselves into the category of medieval cut-throats and robbers. ‘Let the pun- ishment fit the crime’ is not an un- reasonable guide. When the nature against society, then the punishment may well be the painful process of flog- g that has been forgotten except in land and a few of the States.” “Whipping gets under the hide,” sug- gests the Louisville Times, with the statement that “it Telleves the beginner in crime of a sense of importance which tends to cause him to bear with equa- nimity punishments commonly inflicted, { where whipping is not a legally pro- | vided punishment.” The Detroit Free Press believes that, “discreetly adminis- tered, thrashing sometimes has a. quiet- ing effect on the vivacities of young men who have acquired the mistaken notion that it is smart and manly to perpetrate hold-ups and hurghr:;‘s“ “‘the cat’ would have a wholesome in- fluence on gangsters,” but asks, “What would be the use of it, if it is going to continue to be impossible to catch the criminals?” ¢ * K kK “If inhumane treatment of kKillers will reduce materially the promiscuous killing of innocent men,” in the judg- ment of the Ann Arbor Daily News, “it certainly deserves the consideration that Mr. Wickersham suggests.” That paper adds: “Flogging might, indeed, be impressively educative in its effect. It was somewhat effective at times when practiced in the woodsheds of another generation.” The Harrisburg Tele- graph thinks it “will bear thinking about,” though it is convinced that “the only real cure for rncketeer?ng is a reform of soclety from the top.” The Kansas City Times says that “it has more terrors for the bandit or the gangster than prison.” That paper continues: takes all the hero stuff out of him. His bravado vanishes. He does not even have the self-esteem that so often marks elusive bandits. It might be well to follow Mr. Wicker- sham's suggestion, and make a study of the subject, including the long-run effect on the punished.” Assuming that the method could not be tested unless it were restored, “at least tentatively,” the St. Louis Globe-Democrat _asks, “Who could be sure of its teachings?” and gives the advice: “Let us center umfalteringly every effort we can put forth on the ‘certainty’ of punishment. If, after we have done that with such success that no 1t; mbf:-‘: L still unsolved, we might go gu:k to the barbaric whipping Even then it would be found no ea. To nmiake punishment certain a formula that Imlmhu worked well in many countries. ¥ the Worcester Eve- is an lnl:'ifi'a: tution” paper the thought: “Why this method alone has survived from the innumerable forms of torture once practiced on isoners, it is difficult to say.” The in Francisco Chronicle remarked: “The retention of this penalty is more uently cited as a reproach than in q b Chronicle r also asks: “If 50 t to send such people to man longer escapes, our | P and enough milk for proper cogn- cook butter : Flogging Penalty for’ remedy as medieval in its cruelty, and | the of the crime is that of relentless war | g, not break the alliance and crime.” ferring experiments with the whipping the Charlotte Observer sees s - cance in the fact “that bandits and gangsters driven out of Chicago or New York appear to rotate between the two | States, with particular caution to give the State of Delaware a wide " Viewing the matter k;x&-mnuy. the Roanoke Times sets fol e argu- ments with the statement: “The ‘cat’ has been employed for centurles in England and malefactors are said to stand in wholesome dread of it. That authorization of flogging as a punish- ment for certain specified offenses is invariably attended by the danger of abuse of authority by prison attendants not qualified for it is quite true and this is one of the most valid arguments against it. The argument thab flnfi« ging breaks spirit and kills the a4 respect of the felons on whom it is ap- plied leaves us quite unmoved.” he Ge! Daily Times says that whipping “would be someting definite, painful and shameful to think about,” but that “to be effective the lash would have to be lpnlledcglumptly and in- ‘flexxb}y." and the “chief defect of our punishments now is that they are i uncertain and too far away.” The San Antonio Express feels that “appiied before the bandits and racketeers grow up, it undoubtedly would do some good.” Refund of Borland Collections Is Urged To the Editor of The Star: It is to be sincerely hoped, for the sake of the good name of the govern- ment of the District of Columbia, that the officials charged with the duty of deciding whether or not the money “illegally duressed” from property owners by virtue of the unconstitutional | Borland law shall not forget that the Ten Commandments are in full force post. | of lmit 1