Evening Star Newspaper, May 9, 1930, Page 2

TRAINING 1S HELD NEED OF PARENTS Child Guidance Authority Tells World Congress of Specialization. & BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Parenthood should rank as a profes- slon, with so much specialized know edge now required to rear children ade- quately, Dr. Lawson G. Lowry, director of the New York Institute for Child Guidance, told the World Congress on Mental Hygiene here today. Child guidance clinics, he sald, con- tinually are encountering “infantile” parents. The most frequent complaint of this type is that their children dis- obey them. They do not seek help in instilling desirabie qualities. “In an attempt to analyze the most desirable attributes of personality,” he said, “I have collected from 263 persons, mostly not parents, lists of those traits which they regard as most desirable and most undesirable. The 10 traits which appear on the largest number of lists as desirable are honesty, sense of humor, cheerfulness, tolerance, sin- cerity,” intelligence, sympathy, courage. reliability and loyalty. The 10 traits placed on the largesi number of lists as undesirable are selfishness, egotism, deceitfulness, dishonesty, fealousy, lazi- ness, cowardice, instability and 'stub- | borness. It is noteworthy that obedience and disobedience, as such, do not occur in these two lis “The contras parents emphasizes the fact that par- ents are most likely to be concerned bout the wrobiems of the present in- stead of the future behavior and suc- cess of the child.™ America is becoming & Natlon of adults, said V. T. Thayer, ditector of the Ethical Culture School of New York, Change in Proportion. In 1790, he said, there were 780 adults for each 1,000 children; whereas in 1900 there were 1580. Today, he sald, the proportion is about 2 to 1. Children, he declared, are in danger of becoming swamped in an atmos- phere planned mainly for convenience of adults. The home, former stronghold of the child, Is breaking up and being replaced by the school. “People move oftener from house to house,” he said. Members of the family work and play more outside the family circle. There is a steady disintegration of fgmily bonds and constructive family infliences. TLabor-saving devices and the necessary crowding of familles into smali living quarters combine to take out of the home the activities which formerly. gave the child s first-hand knowledge of the ways human beings secure for themselves the basic easen- tials of food, clothing and shelter, ‘No matter how widely the tenement house and the luxurious apartment hotel may differ in the comforts of life, they ‘with the interests of | & are at one in their disregard for the needs of child life. The former drives the child into the streets, while the latter restricts his actlvities to an en- vironmen dominated by adults.” Tantrums and queer behavior of chil- dren may be seriou. symptoms, Dr. Mary Chadwick of the British College of Nursing told the conference. ‘The child, she sald, seeks to gratify infantile impulses by the most rudimen- tary means at hand, such as cries, fn- effectual movements of the limbs and trembling. “In these actions,” she sald, “we see reflegied the first baby be- havior. The liftle girl, by her hysterical sttack, is able call her mother away from guests downstairs because her mother alone ¢an quiet her excited con- aition.” “Conversion Hysteria.” “The next step in neurotic child be- vior she characterized as “conversion steria.” The child has learned to be ashamed of the tantrum, but, instead of facing the situation frankly, substitutes something else. Thus a sudden cramp may appear as a defense against the impulse to kick or a headache cancel | parties at which a child feels lonely and unpopular. This, she said, accounts for many of the pertended ilinesses of child- hood for which no real physical cause ean be found. Then, Dr. Chadwick said, comes the more complicated anxiety hysteria when some harmless thing becomes an object of fear. It generally can be found, she said, to have been set up as a symbol for something else, and the real cause must be found before it can be cured. . Thus a child originally has a fear of being lost by the mother, and so de- velops & fear of being left alone in the garden or of going for walks with nurse. ‘The next step, she said, “is the ob- jonal neurosis, which represents to & marked degree the child's own conflict with the infantile impulses. It does not appear as early in life as hysteria, and is the oufcome of too severe insistance upon_self-control, allied with a strong sadistic impulse on the part of the child. The symptoms often appear trival to the onlooker. A special word must be used or avoided at all costs. Rituals of dressing and undressing are arranged. An endless series of similar compulsions hem in the lives of these children, often accompanied by torturing doubt as to the consequences should any be omitted.” Last of all, she said, comes the “con- fiict against :eality, the most serlous form of child neurosis. Unless some radical treatment is instituted at an early stage it is hard to prevent the morbid condition from becoming perma- nent. In the first type of this neurosls the child remains fixated at a very early phase of development, resisting attempts to awaken intelligence and in- terest in outside objects. The other type appears at & later phase of development and presents phantasies of private king- doms and magic islands, where no one ¢lse can enter.” ‘Would Not Stress Defects. More sensible procedure in the edu- cation of physically handicapped chil- dren was urged by Dr. Bronson Crothers of the Boston Children's Hospital. He protested against classifying them as “blind. deaf or paralytic,” thus calling everybody's attention to their defects and impressing on them that they are not like other persons. “The conventiol procedure,” he said, “is to abolish activity by putting the child to bed and isolating it from edu- cational procedure. The effort to teach i8 not made ordinarily until the han dicapped child is thrown, without pre- liminary investigation of any effective sort, into competition with ordinary children at school age. The stage is set for stress and disappointment. “The way out seems evident enough. We all kiow that the years between birth and 6 are important. Almost any child with gross disturbance of the mo- tor or sensory machinery is under some sort of supervision long before school age. At this time plans should be made to solve the educational problems by study of the individual” An “intelligence box,” the latest fm- provement in intelligence testing, was described by Prof. A. G. Christiaens (cq.) of the Institute des Hautes Etudes of Belgium, P The Binet-Simon tests, variations of which are used generslly in Aemrican public schools, are unreliable, Dr. Chris- tiaens said, because they depend too much on use of words, and never were intended to tell how the intelligence would develop later, More than 3.000 persons, he said, have taken the box test. ‘The person is given a box closed by intricate devices, which e iz told to open and close again. This involves five problems of increasing difficulty. Thefr solution measures dif- ferent degrees of ablility. ‘The box not only measures intelli- the | gural ban PLANS FOR BICENTENNIAL FETE BASED UPON OUTLINE BY PAGE Group in C sary Celebration tions Made by Clerk. This is the ninth of a series of arti- cles on the plans now beimg formulated wnder the auspices of the Federal ernment for the year-long. Nation tion, which its sponsors deci “'the greatest celebration thus far known in Aistory.” it is not to be held in ome iace. but it will center in the National 1h 2 series of programs will oc: The next article will appear Sunday, BY DONALD A. CRAIG. ‘While the George Washington Bicen- tennial Commission is still working on| & definite and complete program of | events for the nation-wide celebration | of 1932, the associate directors and the| commission are following, in the main, | in making their preliminary plans a, basic program, drawn up tentatively by William Tyler Page, clerk of the House of Representatives and executive secre- tary of the commission. | This schedule provides for almost con- tinuous celebrations of one sort or &n-| other from February 22, 1932, until| ‘Thanksgiving day, in’ November of that year, all over the country, with Wash- ington City as the focus of it all, “Washington Cily should be the Mecca of all American pilgrims that year,” said Mr. Page, “It should be the scene of great historic pageants, illus- trating the life of George Washington and his ideals. All over the Nation there should be similar pageants and atherings in honor of Washis n. ‘Every national holiday that year should be celebrated in this City of Washington with great events—pro- grams arranged by the United States Commission #nd the local Bicentennial Commission—beyond anything of the kind heretofore held here.” Mr. Page's Proposals, Among the proposals for celebrating the bicentennial here and elsewhere made by Mr. Page are the following: A great conference in this city of legislators, perhaps from both the States and from foreign nations. The latter suggestion has been made also by Rep- resentative Sol Bloom of New - York, who, with Lieut. Col. U. 8. Grant, 3d, is an associate director of thé celebratios A canference in Washington of jurisf and courts. A conference of educators here. A conference here of all religious bodies, held jointly, in honot of the character of George Washington. Let scientists from all over the land come together in & big gathering here that year to honor the name and the achievements of Washington. As honored guests perhaps the Fed- eral Government might invite men and | women of world fame in any line of endeavor to this city from other nations | to pay their respects to-the memory of the great founder of the Nation. A great Pan-American conference, in which every nation in the Western Hemisphere would participate, in Wash- ington City. As outlined in somewhat more detail, | but only in partial and tentative form, the program proposed by Mr. Page has been summarized as follows by months: February. A great memorial day for Washing- ton on February 22, with the inaugura- tion of the year's program. Formal dedication of the national memorials erected or constructed by the | National Government in memory of George Washington. Meeting of the governors of all of the States. Memorial oration by the President of the United States, broadcast through« out the land. At night, at indoor pageant of the | life of Washington, with marvelous | music, broadcast all over the world. John Philip Sousa has consented to compose & George Washington march. Tributes to Washington, spoken over the radio by world rulers and statesmen. March. The welcoming to Washington as guests of the Nation, the descendants of | all Presidents of the United States, on | President’s day, March 4. { Dedication of portraits of the Presi- dents in the umrte Washington Uni- versily, with terse tributes by governors of the States presenting the portraits. A parade, led by the President and Vice President and all living former Presidents and Vice Presidents, and representation of the characteristics of inauguration parades from the time of | Jefferson. In the evening a great social event,| probably l. revival of the historic inau- cur. Reception at the White House. All over America—in all schools, col- leges, and so forth—tributes paid to the | Presidents of the United States. A day of exaltation of the. high office of Chief | Executive of the United States. April. A speclal Easter celebration. A time of exaltation of religion in the life of the Nation all over America. harge of Washington' Anniver- Work on Suggcs- A procession in the City of Washing- ton of the clergy of all faiths under the flag of the United States. High tribute to Washington as & churchman, with the message by & world-renowned preacher, to be broad- cast all over America. May. A special celebration here and over the Nation on Mother’s day, to exalt motherhood. and especially the mother of George Washington. May 30—A day of tribute to all heroes of the Republic, with a parade (day or night), with blue and gray and khaki/ side by side—a Nation marching to- gether. Great services at Arlington and ;ln:here in memory alone of the heroic ead. Opening or closing a week of re-. unions of the Grand Army of the Re-! public, Confederate soldiers, veterans of | the Spanish-American War, American Legion, Veterans of World War, et ‘The greatest Memorial day in America | ever observed, with the life of George Washington as a soldler and statesman exalted as the exemplar in time of war and in peace. June. On June 14, Flag day, a day of vast outdoor pageantry, participated in by every State that has a star«in the flag. Let this day be one of the greatest spectacular days ever known, respect for the flag of the United States being the keynote—the flag which symbolizes the Republic of George Washington. July. An old-fashioned Fourth of July, with parades, universal decoration of homes and public buildings, fireworks under | proper supervision, and great orations on the principles of the Declaration of Independence—all broadcast. Let the same scenes and events be repeated in every city and town in America. The original 13 States to be Tesponsible for the proper observance of this day and pay them high tributes. August. ‘The month of pilgrimages to the his toric shrines in America, ending alway: at Washington, with events daily in the open air that shall lure and thrill the multitudes of pilgrims (other Summer months are suitable, but the climax might be reached in August, and pos- sibly in September). September. George Washington knew what it meant to labor with his hands as well as with his braln. He was also an employer of labor. He knew, therefore, the viewpoints of employer and em- ployed. To him all honorable labor was sacred. On Labor day, dedicated to men and women of America who labor, let them remember thankfully the father of a country in which those who labor are esteemed for their part in America’s development. A gathering in Washington of the educators of America, with the school of government established in memory of George Washington in the George ‘Washington University as the principal objective, and the placing before them of the immense part they must take in the Americanizing of Americans in the future. October. Columbus and Roosevelt days should be_appropriately celebrated this month. In pageant, motion pictures, orations, great gatherings, and so forth, repeated all over the Republic, show America the great march of the ages from the dis- covery of the continent to the opening of the Pacific at Panama, and the rise of America from the vision of Columbus to the world leadership of today under the influence and example of George Wishington.; A month of exaltation of America. H The holdifig of athletic events suit- able to climatic conditions, Intercollegi- ate meets, contests, and so forth, and the coming together of all American leaders and champions of the year in all lines of sports. George Washington | was an athlete and believed in physical culture and healthful competition, November. The glorification on Thanksgiving day of the American home and the old-fash- ioned idcals of America in the midst of a new age. Special tributes all over America to our mothers and fathers, and the inculcation of reverence and love for age, home and country. Every qualified American citizen. in the spirit of George Washington, exer- cising at the presidential election, at the sacrifice of personal inconvenience, if necessary, the inestimable privilige of an American sovereign by voting for presidential electors of his choice, real~ iing that if a government of the people is to endure it is the bounden duty and responsibility of every American to par- ticipate in the selection of its rulers, numerous tests to measure special abil- ities, such as capacity for dealing with abstractions, visual mental representa- tion, and visual imagry., Tests intend- ed to measure only the “Intelligence,” :he_ sald, fail to detect special abilitles which the child may have in large measure. As a result these never are encouraged and the school career may be a fallure. . Mental hygiene was characterized as ‘one of the great medical movements of modern times” by Sir Maurice Craig of London at a mass meeting of the congress last night, Hitherto, he declared, the mind has been largely neglected in medical text books, although it is known that in many bodily diseases the mental out- look may sccount for as much as 70 per cent of the iliness, “Disturbsd _emotion commonest riods of life,’ “A child may lose weight, sleep badly, or suffer from actual sickness, which can all be reme- died by removing some disturbing in- fluence in its life. “Much of the so-called shell-shock during the war showed itself in phys- ical disabilities and merely to treat the latter led to little or no improvement. Over 90 per cent of shell-shock cases were brought sbout by disturbed emo- tion, If we were able to choose our OwWn nervous system I venture to think we would all select the sensitive, keen- ly perceptive and imaginative type. ‘These are the attributes that lead to success in life, but let them run riot and they quickly produce the emotional unrest that leads to illness.” A course in mental hygiene should be compulsory for every university stu- dent, said Dr. Rene Sand of Paris, “It is an extraordinary paradox,” he sald, “that in Furope we impose on our lawyers, doctors and engineers a vast amount of so-called general cul- ture which does not include one word about health or social work. You are debarred from a university diploma if you cannot cite the names of all the Kings of France, England and Spain, und of all the Emperors of Germany, is one of the has not the slightest notion of what is poverty, or the conquest of disease, or the economic organization of his country.” Problem of Good and Evil. ‘The eternal problem of good and evil is haunting the minds of the world's mind specialiats. Many of them want & new deal, with ethics regulatedsby science rather than religion and _philosophy. Continually gence, but gives an insight into char- acter, Dr. Christiaens said. Wider Tests Are Urged. Dr. Augusta F. Bronner of the Judge Baker Foundation of Boston also de- clared that too much is decided on the basis of a student’s intelligence quotient, She urged a wider use of cropping out in the discussions, this is- sie came 10 & head yesterdsy when Dr. but the gate is wide open to one who | standardized methods for inculcating them, Such an institute, Dr. Piltz said, would take over on a broader scale such work 48 now is being done in the charactero- logical laboratory of the University of Cracow, where a beginning has been made in the study of moral insanity, pathological lying, etc. The proposal followed an address by Dr. Frankwood Williams of New York, in which he declared that science no longer can accept things as evil in themselves, that evil consists only in the mental reaction of men to various stimuli, and that the eventual ethics will be concerned with determining the course of such reactions. ! “The life of an individual” he said, “is lived within himself. Nothing out- side of himself can hurt him, except as it is capable of registering within hi From earliest infancy things are hap. pening which fi certain ways of re tion and these experfences, with the re sulting traumas compensations, deter- mine the things to which the individual is capable of reacting. Evils cannot ex- ist apart from men. Bad things were not put into the world of themselves, but are nothing more than expressions of the needs of men themselves.” Sources of Evils. “80 I look to the time when we shall not spend much time fighting evils. They cannot touch the individual ex- cept as he needs them, and when he needs them he will find them, directly or indirectly. We will not change the situation by attack upon them as things apart, but only by focussing our atten- tion on those things which create the need for the things we consider evil, We cannot progress by keeping away temptation, but only by creating men and women .for whom these things can have no meaning. “The main interest of bacteriology no longer is concerned with fighting bacteria, but with creating by immuni- zation conditions in the human body against which the bacterta are helpless, S0 we may eventually immunize against evil by so controlling the character of the individual that evil needs do not ex- ist within him.” A unique hospital near Berlin, where th> physicians treat all patients through their minds and where some remarkable cures have been accomplished, was described by Dr. R. A. Spitz of the Ger- man delegation. ‘The directors proceed on the theory, Dr. Spitz said, that eyerything a patient does may be significant in showing the cause of his diMiculty and the treatment. Consequently not only the physicians but the nurses and servants are trained Jan Piltz of Poland offered a resolution for the establishment of an international institute of character to determine ob- Jectively what sort of behavior is good measured by its effects on individuals and society, the physiological and mental genesis of such virtues and in psychosnalysis so that the patient never will be out of sight of somebody CONERESS OPES FOREARLY LY Adjournment by Mid-June Be- lieved Impossible With Tariff Delay. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Leaders of Congress are losing hope that they can adjourn by the middle of June and are beginning to count on early in July as the probable wind-up of the present session. Delays in the final stages of the tariff are primarily responsible, though des- perate efforts will be made to expedite the measure. While some of the most important schedules have been settled, there are a half-dozen items which may be called major points in controversy, namely, the provisions on cement, silver and lumber, export debentures, the flexible tariff and Tariff Commission re- organization. Efforts are being made to reopen the sugar schedule by & comcurrent resolu- tion. Such a measure might even be introduced into the House, but it will not get consideration in the Senate. Senator Smoot who has charge of the tariff bil’ and who probably would wish to see high rates on sugar, knows that i the flood gates are once opened for more current revision by means of concur- rence wesolutions, Congress would be sitting throughout the Summer and the Autumn. He feels that the sugar achedul:’ is closed and should not be ions are that the Senate will have plenty to do belween now and ad- Journment and that there will be many investigations authorized which will sit throughout the Summer months and the Fall. Inquiries on the banking situation by both Houses are likely to continue after Congress has adjourned and there will be investigations into campaign ex- penditures in the Illinois and Pennsyl- vania primaries. The House has been trying to investigate Communist activi- ties, and it would not be surprising if the lobby committee resolved ftself into ® continuing investigation of prohibi- tion and anti-prohibition organizations. (Copyright, 1930.) . WORKMAN INJURED IN $30,000 FIRE Shell Electrical Manufacturing Plant Wrecked as Result of Welding Spark. One man was injured and property estimated at $30,000 destroyed in a fire which demolished the plant of the Shell Electrical Manufacturing Co., at 4645 Clark road, today. Will Wise, employe of the company, was removed to Georgetown Hospital after attempting to quench the flames, whieh were caused by & spark from & welding machine. Wise was said to be badly burned on his hands. The manufacturing company 1§ located some distance from adequate water sup- ply, and the flames were swept beyond control before firemen reached the scene. F. T. Shell, owner of the plant, esti- mated the damage at approximately $30,000. Electric panels and switch- boards are manufactured at the plant. Reserves from the seventh precinct were summoned to establish fire lines as & large crowd gathered at the scene Children from nearby schools visited the place, causing some concern. A minor explosion of containers of paint caused difficulty for the firemen, who attempted to fight their way into the building, but after one blast, they , mana to reach the interfor and fought the flames that swept to the roof. BRITTEN TO DEMAND $936,995,000 TOTAL BE SPENT FOR NAVY __(Continued From First Page.) many of the highest ranking officers of the Navy for their personal views on the wisdom of constructing & lot of light cruisers heretofore held undesirable for American use.” Similar hearings are to be held by the Senate naval committee. They are 10 begin next Tuesday and it is planned that Secretary Adams shall be the first witness. Britten plans to begin his hearings shortly afterward in order that the Senate may have the Information produced by the sessions for its guldance in considering the treaty. ‘The foreign relaflons committee of the Senate, to which the treaty was re- ferred, is to begin its hearings on Mon- day, with Secretary Stimson, who served as chief delegate at the London Con- ference, explaining the provisions of the pact and the events leading up to the agreement. DRY LEAGUE DIVINE, MBRIDE DECLARES Blaine Describes Remarks as “Sacrilegious and Outrageous. (Continued From First Page) and State organizations had reported political expenditures of $178,000. Approximately $100.000 represented experiditures of the National League, he said, “We have done our level best to con- form to the Federal corrupt practices act from the beginning,” he added. “We are the first organization that did that.” The witness sald he spent _about two- thirds of his time out of Washington. Answering a question, McBride said: “The league was born of God, it has been led by Him and will fight on while He leads. The one thing that stands out is that those things in the way of progress of the Kingdom of God must get out of the way." Began in Prayer Meeting. “I know you regami your organization as a son of God and that it is delegated by God to carry on,” Blaine said, “I began in & prayer meeting,” Mec- Bride remarked. “Did you have any message from God that he gave birth to this organi- zation?” McBride said .all the sessions were opened by prayer and that it had been closely allied with churches. Asserting that he knew the league “puts on the cloak of religion and claims to be the instrumentality of God.” Blaine said, “I don't believe God would approve some of your practices.” He asserted that McBride's state- ment was a “sacriliglous and outrageous thing." The exchange was ended by a de- mand by Senator Robinson, a Republi- can dry from Indiana, that the com- mittee “get back to lobbying.” McBride sald the salary of the late Wayne B Wheeler, his predecessor, never exceeded $8,000 a year and the first 10 years' total was $25,000. He was with the Anti-Saloon League 35 years. Blaine asked if Wheeler had not ob- tained the appointment of John F. Kramer as the first prohibition com- missioner. “I don't think s0,” McBride said. know he was favorable to Kramer."” Approval in Appoiniments. Blaine also asked if a letter had not been written by E. C. Yellowley, now prohibition commissioner at Chicago, which sald no prohibition appolntments were to be made without Anti-Saloon League approval, 1 never heard of it McBride sald. “Maybe we can get, the letter,” Blaine Teturned. Blaine read from league records a statement that Wheeler “dictated the appointment” of Roy A. Haynes, former prohibition commissioner. “I don't think he ever said that" McBride said. Blaine then read a report purporting to have been made by Wheeler in July, b | 1921, which said in part: “I have had assurance from the ad- | ministration that no one will be ap- pointed who is objectionable to us.” Blaine said it was general knowledge that there was & “shocking condition of corruption in the department” dur- ing Haynes' tenure of office. “You couldn't get him reappointed,” he said. “I don't recall that we tried,” com- mented McBride. Blaine said Wheeler obtained another position for Haynes in the Treasury Department. “He was a very efficient prohibition commissioner and did splendid work,” McBride sald, adding that the same was true of Kramer. McBride said the Reed committee which investigated campaign expendi- tures in 1926 still had some of the league’s records. Caraway told John Holland, the com- mittee investigator, to inform Hicklin Yates, former secretary to Senator Reed, Democrat, Missouri, to produce the rec- ords or appear before the committee Tuesday. STEEPLECHASE JOCKEY IS INJURED FATALLY Alfred Williams Dies in Baltimore After Being Crushed by Horse at Pimlico, By the Associated Press. BALTIMORE, May 9.—Jockey Alfred Willlams died last night from injuries sustained yesterday afternoon when his mount in the Glenmore steeplechase at Pimlico, Royal Town, fell going over the club house jump. Williams was riding close to Lizard, with P. Watkins up, at the jump. Royal Town failed to clear the barrier, fell, and rolled over on his jockey. Lizard was unable to clear the barrier and also fell, throwing Watkins to the side of the course. Watkins was uninjured. Willlams was taken to a hospital and an emergency operation performed, but he died soon afterward. His home was in West Chester, Pa., and he had been riding in steeplechase events for years. Anniversary Recalls History! of Great Tene- ment. Premier of Britain and Oth- ers Congratulate Founder Still on Duty. By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, May 9.—For Jame Addams | today brought an observance of twice “20 years at Hull-House.” Miss Addams is nearly 70 now, and Hull-House s celebrating its fortieth anniversary. Under her guidance it has grown from one bullding to a solid block, making one of the world's most noted settlement centers. For three days, starting today, Hull- Touse will keep opep house. Many of those who have at one time or an- other made their home at Hull-House are making this three-day observance the occasion for & homecoming. Premier Unable to Attend. MacKenzie King, premier of Canads, | messaged Miss Addams at (he last min- ute that he would be unable to be | here. Others, however, had accepted | invitations to return to"the settlement | center where they once lived, the list | including Willlam L. Chenery, editor of Collier's Weekly; Walter Gifford, | president of the American Telephone & ‘Telegraph Co.; Gerard Swope, head of the General Electric; Julia' Lathrop and Dr. Alice Hamilton. able to grasp the significance of his acts, In & recent month passengers, exclu» alve of season-ticket Jiolders, took 120,~ 443,990 trips om British rallvays, Ramsay Macdonsald, prime minister of Great Britain, who brought his wife to Hull-House on their honeymoon, sent Mis Addams a cablegram of con. gratulations. 40 YEARS AT HULL-HOUSE OBSERVED BY JANE ADDAMS JANE ADDAMS. I Miss Ellen Gates Starr, eo-founder with Miss Addams of ,Hull-House, is confined to a hospital, ‘unable to at- tend the celebration. Origin of Plan, Although Hull-House is 40 years old is year its history Jane Addams, a frail girl just gradu- ated from Rockford Seminary, sought health through travel. She saw life in London slums and was deeply inter- ested in Toynbee Hall, London's first settlement center. Then, at the Al- hambra of the Moors, she and Miss Starr resolved to dedicate thelr lives to philanthropy. The two young women. opened thelr settlement in the center of Chicago's turbulent West Side. An old mansion, once the home of Charles Hull, a wealthy landowner, was one of the few bufldings that ved the Chicago fire. ‘This became Hfll-House, The American Automobile Associati committee for the Capital. W. J. Eynon. Second row, left to right Starling. Third row, left to right: Charles P. Clark and Arthur W. jon yesterday announced the first safely Front row, left to right: Isaae Gans, E. J. Murphy, : H. V. Schreiber, 8. M. Ely and H. M. Carr. —Star Staft Photo. TINDIA POLICEMEN ARE BURNED ALIVE Europeans Leave Sholapur After Natives Seize City in Fierce Fight. (Continued Prom First Page.) 1930 PASSION PLAY - OPENS INICY RAIN 5,000 Invited Guests Gather at Oberammergau for First Performance. (Continued From First Page.) civil disobedience, both as to life and property losses. Simla reported today that the dis- trict congress committee at Kohat had been declared unlawful. This action coincided with the government's step already taken in the Peshawar district. Arrests of congressmen at Peshawar today continued, the latest national leaders being taken into custody on charges of sedition, including the lead- er and president of the city congress committee, Ashiq Hussian Fqurchand, and the editor of the Frontier Advocate. This was viewed as & possible indi- cation of the beginning of a wide- spread round-up of leaders in the Mahatma Gandhi campaign of resist- ance to the salt laws. Late reports from Sholapur empha- sized the gravity of the situation there. Although two companies of British infantry had arrived from Ahmednagab, it was understood here that the city, which is & manufacturing town of 60,- 000 population 220 miles from here, was still in virtual control of the na- tives. Other reinforcements are en route, ‘Wednesday night at Sholapur after a civil disobedience demonstration, trouble | quickly developed with the police. Yes- rday morning the demonstrators be- n chopping down the palm trees | from which the Indian toddy is made. | The trees are private properiy and the ‘magistrate and officials objected. Mob Outnumbers Police. The crowd became a° jeering mob. | Brickbats and_stones were thrown at |the officers, who finally were forced to fire upon them, cutting great swaths of dead and wounded. The rifle fire, ef- fective as it was, falled to over-awe the Indians, who forced the police back. The police were hopelessly outnum- | bered by the mob, which steadily gath- jered strength, burned six police sta- ! tions, one magistrate's office, and all | but one toddy shop In the city. The city authorities anxiously awaited rein- forcements which would regain their control. A detachment of the Duke of Wellington’s West Riding Regiment was ordered sent from Ahmednagab, 120 miles away. . $3,000,000 INCREASE IN D. C. LUMP SUM EXPECTED IN SENATE (Continued From First Page.) Democrat, of Maryland, an amend- ment was adopted, incorporating in the appropriation bill the separate measure passed earlier in the day, changing the plans for elimination of the Chestnut street railroad srlde crossing. The original law provided for a viaduct. This amendment would permit a subway and would allow the Commissioners to place it “in the vicinity of Chestnut street or of the intersection of Fern place and Piney Branch road. Senator Tydings also sought to have restored to the bill items for paving Iris street from Thirteenth to Sixteenth streets; Thirteenth, from Alaska avenue to Kalmia road, and Morningside drive, Alaska avenue to Kalmia road, which were stricken out by the Senate com- mittee. Senator Bingham suggested that the committee’s action be permitted to stand, which would leave to the co ferees the final decision on these ftems. Senator McKellar, Democrat, of Ten- nessee, is prepared to make a fight this afternoon to place in the appropriation bill & clause to retain Dr. Willlam Tindall, veteran municipal employe, in the service. Dr. Tindall, who is re- garded as an authority on the history of the local government by reason of his 61 years of service, will be retired automatically in A\lg\ul ‘without legis- lation. The Senate has passed a ng‘- rate bill for Dr. Tindall, but that measure still requires House action. Senator McKellar gave notice yester- day that he would move today to sus- pend the rules to consider the Tindall amendment. Senator Bingham told Senator McKellar he is in sympathy with the purpose of the amendment, but, as much as he regrettd to do so, he Wwould be forced to object to it under the rules of the appropriations commit- | tee relating to legislative clauses. Approve Salary Increases. The Senate yesterday afternoon ap- proved a large number of committee amendments allowing salary increases in various offices of the District gov-| rnment. Amother amendment already approved reduces the House item for traffic lights and signal installations during the next fiscal year from $103,000 to $53,000, The Senate, at the same time, increased the item for personal services fn the trafic office from $37.040 to $42,160. 2 The Senate approved the committee's action in providing for the widening and repaving of H street from Massa- chusetts avenue to Thirteenth street instead of from Seventh to Thirteenth streets and the elimination of the pav- ing of New York avenue northeast from Florida avenue to Bladensburg_road. All other changes made by the Senate committee Indlhe list of paving items were approved. {'he ps’fmm also approved the strik- ing out of the House item for recon- pottery, and owns representatives of nearly all arts. ‘The Oberammergau ‘Passion Play” stands or falls as a local unprofessional performance — unprofessional despite charges of commercialism that are fre- quently made by ill-willed persons. It is true, thanks to the fame of the play, that this town is better known, cleaner and richer than other Bavarian villages. It is true that tickets can be purchased only with lodgings and that all the villagers take lodgers at rather high prices. But the investment for this year's season in better roads and a new theater seating 5,000 will consume their profits for many years, and each actor only takes from the common pool of the season's income what he can rove he would have earned in & simi- iar period at his regular occupation. Quality Belies Charge. The charge of commercialism is belled by many things, but chiefly by the quality of the pl No professionals able performance, simply because without the combination of vital faith and inherited tradition, the Christian drama—greatest in the world—cannot be vitalized. All modern so-called obstacles to such a performance mean nothing here. Im- | agine a giant cast staging a vast per- | tormance cnnslsungl of 16 acts, lasting eight hours and a half, played under a | pouring ratn with an icy mountain wind sweeping the theater and dropping rags ©of snow on the nearby hills, yet filling the stage with such power of spirit that the performance never for once falters, and holding spellbound for the same period an audience that is subject to almost the same rigors of weather, ‘This is the miracle of Oberammergau, why it is expected to draw a record number of 300,000 visitors from the en- tire world to this town this Summer. From the point of view of compara- tive drama, the play has many defects. Each of the 16 acts is preceded by a spoken prelude and chorale which not even the magnetism of old Anton Lang—who three times played the role of Jesus in former days—could save from duliness, The text is not good—it lacks the original medieval simplicity, and fis heavily padded. often trite, reaching verbal heights only where it incorpo- rates scriptural quotations. The music reflects both operatic and religious r;u.!lcozf the ell’ly‘{m’l:t«mh century— modern ears insipig i being simple. Plai W Living Pictures of High Art. Each act is preceded by a “living plc- ture,” giving an Old Tes ent scene parallel in feeling to the phase in the development which is about to be in- terpreted in drama on the stage. Yet here the miracle began, for these pic- tures, which so easily could have drib- bled into sentimentality, were combined with such high artistry and such superb compositions—for which the old masters were often a source of inspiration—that one forgot the old-fashioned realism of the scenery and enjoyed.them like col- ored prints in old Bibles. Certain scenes, like the “Last Sup- per,” like the semi-riot before Pilate, Where the priest-maddened Jews de- manded that Jesus be crucified instead of Barabbas, and like the actual death on the cross, are both religiously and dramatically incomparable. Max Rein- hardt himself never grouped and han- dled masses—350 persons on the stage— better than these peasant directors. Dramatic interest was slow in rising. Alois Lang, the wood carver, was ob- viously nervous in his firt appearance as Jesus, which is the highest honor Oberammergau can imagine for any one, and his entrance into Jerusalem on the ass was not convincing. But he found himself in the “last supper” and from there his tall slip of a figure, which overtopped the other actors by nearly a head, grew ever more mag- netic, until, in the death on the cross, it became a matter of historical sig- nificance. Magnificent was the acting of Guido Mayr as Judas, and of Hugo Rutz as High Priest Caiapha: Hansi Preisin- ger, as Mary Magdalen, was a marvel of beauty, and Anni Rutz, as Mary, embodied the strange old tradition whereby Mary, being sinless, never ages and can be depicted as younger than her Divine Son. Bavarian Dignitaries Attend. ‘The audience was finely selected. All the Bavarian dignitaries, including 10 cabinet ministers and important people like the former Kaiser's son, Prince August Wilhelm; Dr. Hugo Eckener, Geheimrat Hermann Buecher, head of the Allgemeine FElektrizitaets Gesell- schaft and many foreign and German journalists, while at the extreme rear of the theater, 50 yards from the stage, the Papal nuncio to Bavaria, Mgr. Al- berto Vassallo di Torre-Grossa, was a brilliant splash of purple against the mass of spectators in hats and rain- coats. The nuncio made a hit with pretty blonde Hansi Preisinger by de- claring that she was too beautiful to play as a sinner like Magdalen, It will be remembered that the entire town for months does nothing but pre- pare for the passion play. At the sta- tlon your bags are carried and your trunks tossed about by long-haired youths who on the following day you recognize on the stage as disciples of Jesus. Men grow stately beards and ‘women long hair which they wear down their backs in loose style. Dur the single lunch period which divides the eight-hour performance, you structing and widening the bridge over the rallroad tracks on Monroe street northeast. In this connection the Senate earlier in the day passed a sepa- rate bill to authorize the building of & new bridge to carry Michigan avenue over the railroad tracks, one block from Monroe street, thereby eliminating the Michigan avenue grade crossing. can visit this and that house and watch Judas Iscariot absorbing “white sau- sages,” or Mary, mother of Jesus, dis- puting dietetics with her mother. Every house takes lodgers and natural- 1y the house of Christ is the most popu- lar. Little wonder that Alols Lang this Spring built & larger dwelling to hold them all. ‘| companied by her sister, Mrs. GEN.HOXIE FUNERAL WILL BE AT HOME Burial in Arlington Will Fol- low Simple Services Here Tomorrow. Funeral services for Brig. Gen. Rich« ard L. Hoxie, retired, who died at his Winter home in Miami, Fla., on April 29, will be sold at the residence, 1632 K street, tomorrow afternoon at 2 o'clock. The widow of Gen. Hoxie ar- rived in Washington today from Miami, accompanied by her sister, Mrs. Robert Clay Sherrill. The body of Gen. Hoxie also arrived todey and will be removed to the K street residence tomorrow morning. In deference to the expressed wish of Gen. Hoxie, who for many years served the capacity the District of Columbia in of engineer, the funeral services will be simple. Two of his favorite songs, “Nearer My God to Thee,” and “Cross- ing the Bar,” will be sung by Miss Mary Helen Howe, a long-time friend of the Hoxle family. She will be ac- Marie Howe Spurr. The Army burial service will be read by an Army chaplain yet to be designated. The body will be cremated later and the ashes laid In Arlington National Cemetery. Gen. Hoxle saw service in three wars, active service in the Civil War and Spanish-American War, and advisory service in the World War, He was re- tired In 1908 and had divided his time since then between the Capitol and his native home city in Iowa and Miami, Fla. At 17 he enlisted in an JTowa Cavalry regiment and in 1864, when he entered - West Point, he had gone through four years of war, He was a member of the Board of Public Works of the District of Columbia from 1874 to 1378 and subsequently, under the new form of Government. was assistant engineer commissioner of the District from 1878 to 1883. During the Spanish-American War Gen. Hoxle was in charge of fortifica- tions along the New England coast, in- cluding New York City, He was called into consultation frequently during the ‘World War as an expert on fr ca- tions. Maintaining an active interest in Washington affairs, he was a mem- tuer of several clubs and civic organiza- ions. OWEN J. ROBERTS NAMED BY HOOVER T0 POST ON COURT (Continued From First Page.) they were delighted with the selection of Mr. berts. Senator Norris of Nebraska, chairman of the Senate Judiciary committee, sald that as chair- man of the committee which must con- sider Mr. Roberts’ nomination, he pre- ferred not to make a statement for pub- lication in regard to the expected ap- pointment. Borah Favors Choice. It is understood, however, that the Nebraska Senator is well pleased with the choice now made by the President. Senator Borah of Idaho, who with Sen- ator Norris led the opposition to Judge Parker’s confirmation, also is well pleased with Mr. Roberts’ selection. On the other hand, administration leaders in the Senate were equally pleased today when it became known that Mr. Roberts was to be appointed. Senator Allen of Kansas, Senator Wat- son of Indiana, Republican leader, and others took the sposition that the ap- pointment of Mr. Roberts .was fitting. Prompt Action Is Seen. ‘The nomination will be promptly re- ferred to the judiciary committee, In that event, Senator Norris said, his committee would give consideration to . the nomination at its meeting Monday. Some of the Senators from the South who supported the appointment of Judge Parker, expressed regret that the President had not picked another man from the fourth judicial circuit to fill the vacancy in the Supreme Court. Mr. Roberts, who was born in Phila- delphia May 1, 1875, is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and has been a practicing attorney in Phila= delphia since 1898. He married Eliza- beth Caldwell Rogers of Fairview, Conn., in 1904. He is a Republican and a mem- bebr of the Episcopal Church. In 1903 Mr. Roberts was made first :%fi:unt district attorney, serving until In 1918 he was appointed special Deputy Attorney General to prosecute cases arising In this district from vio lations of espionage law and also rep- resented the United States Housing Corporation, In 1920 he was appointed to the board of city trusts and the year fol- lowing he was elected trustee of Jeff- :;szv:n Medical College, serving until February 15, 1924, Mr. Roberts was nominated by President Coolidge to prosecute the Teapot Dome Ofl cases. THREE DIE FROM HEAT Weather Exacts Toll in Pennsyl- vania ind West Virginia. PITTSBURGH, May 9 (#).—Three deaths in Western Pennsylvania and West Vil‘glml yesterday were attributed today to heat prostration. The Weather Bureau here reported a maximum of 83 degrees yesterday, while at Morgantown, W. Va,, the, temperature was 98. The victims were Chris Miner, 35, at Pittsburgh; Edward Martin Simond, 31, at Morgantown, and Gladys Coulter, 6 weeks old, at Moundsville, W. Va, MILAN GREETS TOSCANINI MILAN, Italy, May 9 (M.—Arturo ‘Toscanini last night stepped forth upon the stage of his beloved Theater La Scala amid a tumult of applause and cheering, to lead the New York Phil- harmonic Symphony Orchestra in its first concert in his native land. New York Banker Marries. PARIS, May 9 (#).—Thomas Powell, New York investment banker, and Miss Virginia Randolph Wegeard of Chicago were married at the city hall of the sixteenth ward today. Miss Wegeard recently had made her home on Long Island, N. Y. Weather Quoted At 90 for Longer Bullish Period ‘The weather market in Wash- ington continued bullish today, with temperature quotations. marked up 1o 90, not a break in sight, and the cltizenry taking such profits as could be found in iced drinks and frigid motion picture palaces. Continued fair today and to- morrow with not much change ,;n \‘.emtperlture was the official ng the commentaries on the sesaon available was the re- ported observance on F street about midday of a girl sans stockings, & token held In some quarters to be more indicative than the first swallow that Sum- mer has come. Whether or no, 80-degree weather will prevail to- day and probably tomorrow.