Evening Star Newspaper, February 20, 1930, Page 8

A-S8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1980. - ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC 4. HASKIN. {THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. ..February 20, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor 01 icago Office: uropean e rrier Within the City. e — 450 oo montn o ..5¢ per at the cach month Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtiodal 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and_Sunds }3: 40c Duily only - 1 q unday only $4.00; 1 mo.s ANl Other States and Canada. fly and Sunday..] yr.. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 fig; only 175: '3800° 1 mon i8¢ day only 155, 35.00: 1mos 80c Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Assoclated Press is mh’nnly entitied to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise in el specia] dispatches herein are also yeserved. A Dignified Protest. Representatives of four of the prin- cipal citizens' organizations of Wash- ington—the Board of Trade, Central Labor Union, Chamber of Commerce, Merchants and Manufacturers’ Associa- tion, Georgia Avenue Business Men's Association and the Columbia Heights Citizens’ Association —have decided, after due deliberation, 'to enter a digni- fled protest against the appointment of Maj. Gen. Herbert B. Crosby as District Commissioner. The protest will be based entirely on the principles involved in this appointment, calling attention to the spirit and the letter of the District's organic act, which provides for the selection of two Commissioners from civil life. The protest avoids the issue of personalities, for no such issue is at stake. This action by these representative organizations, numbering in their mem- bership varlous groups of citizens of the Capital, is indicative of an intelligent awareness of the few safeguards to the unrepresented taxpayers of Washington Jaid down in the organic act and of an alert desi <, ~rotect and to retain them. Thé asSon of protest is taken wotwithstanding the hesitancy of the protestants to embarrass the President in any manner, and despite their de- sire to give wholehearted support to the administration’s policies in govern- ing the Capital. The resolution to be drawn by these citizens is therefore to be regarded as a frank and open ex- pression of opinion upon a matter that s of vital concern to the residents of this community. It goes without saying that the White House will accept it in the spirit in which it is offered. It is unfortunate, in a way, that circumstances have restricted the dis- cussion of this issue of appointing a civilian Commissioner from the retired | encourage list of the Army to only one point of view. That point of view is that a retired Army officer is not a civilian, in the sense that he is eligible for appoint- ment to a position that specifically calls for a civilian. There must be another point of view and it would possibly assist in clarifying the issue if the White House would make public the opinion of the Attorney General upon which, according to press reports, the President based the eligibility of Gen. Crachy Lne white House has been represented as having obtained from the Attorney General an opinion that construes the appointment as being in keeping with the organic act. But the opinion itself has not been made known, nor the reasoning, nor authorities upon which it is founded. While it is not customary for the White House or for the Depart- ment of Justice to make public these advisory opinions on law, the present case is unique. A number of court opinions and decisions of the Controller jficult and delicate affairs quelify him sue certain observationd of keen in- terest to him concerning the life of the American people. He likes America and this present plan to return here for oc- casional and possibly frequent visits is the result of that feeling of friendship. Only two other British representatives have remained longer at this post than Sir Esme Howard, Viscount Bryce and Lord Pauncefote, each of whom re- mained in Washington for slightly more than six years, while the now retiring Ambassador would have completed ex- actly six years of duty here on Saturday next. Sir Cecil Spring-Rice very nearly equaled the stay of Sir Esme Howard. Thus these four Ambassadors have, in their total years of service, represented Great Britain at this Capital for about a lqulmr of a century. | A new dean of the diplomatic corps { automatically appears, in the person of |Dr. Hernan Valarde, Ambassador of Peru, who came to Washington in 1924, a short time after Sir Esme Howard. He will be the first of the South American representatives at this Capital to act in this unofficial but highly important role. His familiarity with Washington, his thorough acquaintance with the per- sonnel of Government and his natural capacity for effective adjustment of dif- for this duty, which at times is one of greatest importance in preserving the social balances. iy America’s Position. ‘The American position regarding the proposal, advanced in some quarters, that this country become a party to a “security” agreement of any kind with the nations of Europe as the price of naval limitation and reduction is made quite clear in the address delivered by Senator Robinson of Arkansas, @ mem- ber of the American delegation at the London Naval Conference. This ad- dress takes on added significance when it is known that it was made public by the State Department here in Wash- ington. Senator Robinson was speak- ing yesterday before the Association of American Correspondents in London. But what he had to say will be scanned with interest by the representatives and the peoples of the other nations taking part in the Naval Conference. Senator Robinson declared his belief in the desire of the great mass of the American people for naval limitation and eventual reduction. He enumerated in much detail what he believed the American people desired in the way of naval reduction. The pith of his state- ment of the American position, how- ever; 50 far as the present situation in London is concerned, is found in his discussion of the policy of America to- ward foreign entanglements. He sald: understanding is that the people olu'.’he United States .xiulte gen rSly adhere to the t.r‘d.mon“poucy of our would repudiate treaty expressly or imefly obligating our Government to employ the Army or the Navy for the enforcement of obligations assumed by other nations. It is for this reason that they do not their delegates to this con- ference to join in mrmua“nlf se- curity Tespecting areas remote from wflzry or possessions of the United States. Americans realize that no power will deliberately violate its un- dertaking for the limitation or reduc- tion of armaments. They believe that no sanction is necessary to assure the -faith performance of any treaty for that v’me This attitude does not_imply erence or lack of sym- for the problems of others. It grounded on the American concep- tion of sound policy and constitutional limitations, In this statement Senator Robinson has gone no further than has President Hoover in his public utterances on the subject, It appears quite clear to those who follow the sentiment of the Senate of the United States that any treaty entered into in London which in any| ‘way sought to involve this country in a promise or guarantee to use its influ- ence, through arms or economic pres- sure, to settle disputes arising between European nations would have not the ghost of a show of ratification. Even on the Democratic side of. the Senate; General take a view that is directly opposite, The Army and Navy Register, & publication catering to members of the services, has gone to the length of assembling data bearing on the eligibil- ity of retired Army officers as civilians. reaching the editorial opinion that “an Army officer on the retired list of the Army is not a civilian, and that is a block to the appointment, regardless of whatever view may have been furnished the President and attributed in press statements as coming from the Attorney General.” As this whole controversy ranges around principles which do not include proficiency of the appointee or the judgment of the President, it would be well to make public all those points which have led to the assurance at the White House that Gen. Crosby, in addi- tion to his eligibility as regards personal ability and fitness, is eligible according to the organic act of the District. ————— It is regretfully admitted that Nobile's chief contribution to science was a demonstration of how a polar expedition ought not to be conducted. Sir Esme Howard Departs. ‘With the departure of Sir Esme and Lady Isabella Howard Washington loses two diplomatic guests who have endeared themselves in the course of their six- year sojourn at the Capital. The British Ambassadorship was never more agree- ably or efficiently filled than by the ac- complished, urbane, kindly man who now returns to London to enter upon his retirement. He reached the age of relief from active duty some months ago, but was held at this post by his govern- ment pending the arrangements for the London Naval Conference, in the pre- liminaries for which he rendered valu- able service, Great Britain has been exceptionally fortunate in the men who have served in Washington as diplomatic representa- tives. They_have been men of ability, thoroughly familiar with the history of the negotiations and dealings between the two countries, and adept in the maintenance of effectively cordial per- sonal relations with the members of the American Government with whom they have dealt. In no instance has this been more truly the case than in the now retiring Ambassador, who has taken chamber, where sentiment was strong for American ehtry into the League of Nations when Woodrow Wilson was in the White House, the sentiment of the country against pledging America to mix in the quarrels of Europe has had its effect. The old irreconcilable group, headed by Borah of Iadho and John- son of California, and including the Indiana Senators, Moses of New Hamp- I shire and others, would fight to the end against ratification of any treaty that emanated from the arms conference, in ‘which there was the slightest suggestion of political entanglement for this coun- try with the nations of the rest of the world. The address of Senator Robinson is in,effect further notice to the nations of Europe that some other plan must be evolved than that of having the United States enter into a security pact, called by any name whatever. The suggestion has been advanced that 'possibly an agreement might be made to place in the Kellogg-Briand mul- tilateral treaty. renouncing war some “implement” to prevent nations which have adhered to that treaty from violat- ing it. Another suggestion has been the writing into the proposed naval treaty a clause which would have the same effect, and still another that the United States enter into a treaty with four or five other nations regarding the Mediterranean and its problems, similar to the four-power Pacific treaty, which grew out’ of the Washington Conference in 1921. But, according to members of the Senate now in Wash- ington, none 6f suggestions will do. It is unthinkable that the nations now assembled in London will not eventually agree to a& naval limitation treaty. A failure would be a disaster for the entire world. But it might as well be understood in Europe as well as in this country that America will not, as a price for naval agreement, ratify a treaty which might in any shape take this country into European politics. ——r————————— As a natural lightning calculator Sen- ator Grundy’s gifts instinctively turn to the tariff where the complications of figuring most abound. Cardinal Pacelli, With the lately acquired interna- part in the social activities of Washing- ton, with the gracefully effective aid of his consort, in a manner to win for him the high esteem of the Capital, and, in- deed, of the American people. It is gratifying to learn that Sir Esme Howard will, after his retirement, occa~ tional status of the Vatican, in conse- post of responsibility at St. Peter's at the age of fifty-four. Though he has spent relatively few years in the papal high command, Cardinal Pacelll has a distinguished career to his credit. A Roman by birth, he comes of a family which has many connections with the Vatican. His father, Pilippo Pacelli, was dean of the consistorial bar. His brother Francesco Was prominently concerned in the ne- gotlations resulting in the Lateran treaties and is now a marquis and councilor of the Vatican State. Ordained priest in 1899, the new | cardinal secretary of state entered al- most &t once upon a diplomatic career by being employed in the Sacred Con- gregation of Extraordinary Ecclesiasti- cal Affairs. During this period he came under the notice of Cardinal Gasparri, who formed a very high opinion of his talent, In 1914 Cardinal Pacelll was appointed secretary of the congregation by Pope Pius X, and Benedict XV con- firmed him in that office. At the same time, Cardinal Pacelli collaborated closely with Cardinal Gasparri in his ]Irut work of codification of canon aw. In the intervening years between World War days and current times Cardinal Pacelli, functioning alternately s papal nuncio in Munich and Berlin, contrived to establish concordats be- tween the governments of Bavaria and Prussia and the Holy See. So he as- sumes diplomatic command at the Vati- can as a seasoned campaigner in the work of cementing the Pope's temporal foreign affairs, The United States is the one great power which does not maintain official relations with St. Peter’s. There is no probability that these will be estab- lished. But in the ordinary course of the world-wide ramifications of Ameri- can interests, this country is likely ever and anon to encounter the diplomacy of the Church of Rome. Quite evi- dently its conduct has been intrusted to a churchman-statesman in whom the Vatican reposes the utmost confidence. ——— Successful men are liberal in provid- ing the means of educating genius, al- though many of the men of genius were self-educated. Facllities for mental development cannot fail to assist to- ward the rapid realization of a career; yet genius will always assert itself as inevitably as do the forces, physical or intellectual, which it is the migsion of genius to direct. — e Statisticlans announce that the purchasing power of a dollar is grad- ually increasing. A great construction program under Government direction promises an increased number of dol- lars in circulation. Predictions of con- tinued and growing prosperity are well supported by responsible figures, Washington’s birthday is commemo- rated throughout the land, but in no community with deeper earnestness than in Alexandria, Va., 8o closely linked with memories of “the Father of His Country.” ————— Events may gather exi in- terest, but it is not likely that Charles E. Hughes will contemplate another ap- proaching presidential campaign with the feelings of the veteran fire horse who hears the bell. ————— Speculators are never left with abso- lutely nothing. They always come out of a crash with valuable experience and a collection of tips for future op- erations, ———— A period of convalescence on the part of Tardieu may give some valuable time for a number of ideas to be studied with a prospect of increasing health and strength. ————— A Paris theater closes and its place will be taken by & book shop. Persons whose taste demands something auda- clously chic are ever turning to the printed page instead of the mimic scene. ——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Old Banjo. “The old banjo hangs on the wall,” They told us long ago. Just now the people for it call ‘When lights are all aglow. They've trimmed it with a pearly gleam And other fancy things Until they make that banjo seem A harp with golden strings. 1t's welcomed as an instrument That must be played with skill. The famed musician is content To sound it with a will, The changes that our times will show Are very far from small. Since songsters said, “The Old Banjo Is Hangin’ on the Wall.” Book Learning. “Does & modern statesman require book learning?” “A great deal of it,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. “You don’t need the classics 50 much, but when you are dis- cussing the tariff and other influences on business you need a great deal of Ppocketbook learning. Jud Tunkins says he admits that he tells his troubles. He'd rather tell them himself than wait for friends to ex- aggerate them. Drastic Reform. The stout policeman must prevail At every time and place. ‘When every one has been to jail, ‘We'll be a model race! Impressing the Public. “I am going into the movies,” sald the emphatic young woman. “I in- tend to lead my life my own way.” “You can't do that in the movies,” sald Miss Cayenne. “If you are any kind of a success you will lead your life the way your press agent tells you to.” . “Do mot destroy all that displeases | children, you,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of China- town. “Think of the future, which always works changes of opinion.” Economically Independent. The jonquil with its wealth of gold Will soon be with us as of old quence of the Lateran treaty with the Italian government, the identity of the new papal secretary of state is a matter of more than passing interest to the outside world. The prelate appointed to succeed Cardinal Gasparri is one of sionally visit the Unfted States in a the younger princes of the church, muum,mmhgww-wmm He accedes to his To say, “Whate'er the tariff is, You'll find me still transacting biz!" “You may have de law on yoh side in a smash-up,” said Uncle Eben, “but Jaw books ain' gineter furnish de kind of information you'll be 'pendin’ on in de hospitak” I THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, Some people are much too free with psychological terms, Having picked up several of them somewhere, they delight in swinging them freely at the heads of acquaint- ances. Perhaps no particular harm is done, since in the majority of cases the vic- tim does not know what the merry- maker is talking about. Words are words, however, and ugly words are ugly words, One who unlimbers a medical dic- tionary on his |,|x1AllADef.:tLl"A¥l friends ought to be very sure that he knows enough about both words and friends to use them properly. . We heard a woman the other day call a friend a paranoiac who by no means deserved such a fearful epithet. Yet this hamgens to be one of the favorites of these people who deal so familiarly with these big psychiatric words, ‘The man in question was no more a paranoiac than a squirrel. Paranoia, according to the diction- ary, is a chronic form of insanity, characterized by very gradual impair- ment of the intellect, and usually by delusions of persecution. “Cranks” of all sorts often are paranofacs. Such victims of mental derangement usually show evidences of bodily and nervous degeneration, we are told by the authorities. ‘They have hallucinations of sight and hearing. A Now, it must be evident to a child that no one but an expert (and by ex- pert we mean a real one) has any busi- ness monkeying with such terms. ‘When one gets to talking about in- sanity in any of its forms, one ought to be pretty sure that he knows exactly what he is talking about. Even the real experts can't be too sure. Their science is too new in the world, and the peculiar inability of mankind to actually peer into a brain is too well known. Yet it is sure that there is no word which many Ruman beings like better to hurl at their petty enemies of every day than the resounding one of “crazy.” A significant look, & wink of the eye, a tapping of the forehead—each one of fi‘s’i? may be used in lieu of the word elf. “Oh, she's crazy; don't mind her!” is heard a hundred times a day. “He's a nut!” some one says, merely out of malice, and soon the fellow is given a genuine reputation for being a crank. * Kk ok % . Our point (and we believe it really is a point) that such words, medical in character, and, therefore, demanding sure knowledge, ought to be confined solely to the use of those who have studied long and well, ‘The average person, who maybe has read a book or two on psychiatrics or attended a few lectures on psychology, does xl\ot lg:‘ov m?:l‘:g‘h w“use th:m properly. e as well expect a man off the street to get into the cab of a great transcontinental express and pilot it successfully across the moun- A shining example of this comes with the popular word “paranoia.” No doubt it has quite & sound to it. It simply floors the average mortal. He does not know what the user is talking about, but he deduces that it must be some- thing quite fearsome. ‘The average layman must be on his guard against accepting such haphazard and essentially cruel diagnoses from ‘irresponsible persons. It should be realized that mental de- rangements of all sorts are elusive phe- nomens, demanding a lifetime of study and observation before one can ha any of the science. o And very science itself is con- stantly undergoing change and reforma- tion, and its flnest practitioners know that what is known after all is only a tithe of what yet remains to be learned. No layman, no matter how many books he has read, is in any position to make s: uvr;;lly':hhfi: I“twtnklln‘ of an eye. 2 iself couldn’t it. At least he wouldn't. o * ok ok ok Some of the greatest men and women in wol’:d humry'.lho( CO’:m‘ have been paranoiacs, so there no particular i e ef o _satisfying to some people to be able to feel that their mgné)s l‘l"ld acquaintances are afflicted with various bodily and nervous degenerations. And particularly delusions of perse- cution! Some one ought to rise as a defender of the persecution complex. The joke of it is that many persons are persecuted, and often quite cruelly and inexcusably. There isn't a busi- ness establishment in this country—or probably in any other—in which some ssentially mean individual does not “pick” op one or more of his comrades. There "Ere many forms of persecu- tion which have nothing at all to do with mental states except that involved in a naturally nasty disposition. The mean man has never been diagnosed as a “case,” as yet, but perhaps some day he will. * ok ok ok ‘There is a vast difference between the realization on the part of a person perfectly normal that he is being per- secuted and the “delusions of perse- cution” which the genuine paranoiac displays, This difference comes in the per- sistence. The former is only too glad to give up his ideas of persecution when the persecutor quits. It is the one thing in the world that the victim prays for. Nagging, for instance. Thousands of men in this country have been al- most driven to insanity by the constant nagging of otherwise efficient help- meets. It would have been easy for any dab- bler in the things of the mind to have declared that they were suffering from persecution delusions. The victims, however, knew better. All they wanted was for the old lady to let up on them. And sometimes she did, when happily she “took up” a new creed which calmed her mind and heart and per- mitted her to realize that nagging, in its aggravated forms, was nothing more nor less than persecution. * ok ok ok ‘The genuine paranoiac, as we have read about him (and her), gets a fixed idea into his head, which never for a moment will he release. Argument does no good. Always he is able to outargue anybody or any- thing. He has an idea that So-and-So is after him, or that Something-or- Other is after him, and that is beth the beginning and the end of it. One of the most interesting of the recent biographies details a perfect case of this kind. Here was a delusion based upon bodily and nervous degen- eration, complicated by hallucinations of hearing (at least in childhood), in- vi'olvmx a lifelong devotion to the fixed dea. ‘There is a tremendous gulf between being the victim of petty, actual per- secution and the victim of persecutions which do not exist except in one's own mind. One does not have to be a doctor to see the difference. Nor does one have to have anything but common sense to realize that any one who insists on slinging around such anola” and “paranoiac” is something of a fool of himself. LONDON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. These reflections were put on paper in London as the Pive-Power Naval Conference was about to end its fourth week, For some reason, which Amer- ican observers are not able to fathom, London's attitude toward the confer- ence is one of studied indifference. The native, asked to elucidate the mystery, advances & number of causes. One is New recruits, the Yard announces, must be at least 22 years old, under 30 years offage, 5 feet 4 inches in height as the minimum, and of good general physique. Preference will be given to applicants who . are strong on “tact.” For the most part, the don lady “‘cops” confine their constabulary duties to the apprehension of members of their own sex plying a forbidden trads in e streets. that London and England generally are | the “fed up” with conferences. Another is that even though (as Mr. Macdonald says) “the British navy is us,” the only two subjects in which the average Britisher is interested nowadays are taxation and unemployment. A third alleged reason for popular nonchalance ahout the conference is that when it is all over, whether there's limitation or reductionof navies, or not, thes: tight little islands will continue to flourish, more or less, just as if Macdonald, Stimson, Tardieu, Grandi and Wakat- suki had never been heard of. * Rk * Britain's apparently carefree attitude toward the Naval Conference is char- acteristically reflected in the so-called popular press of London. Papers with immense circulations like the Daily Mail (which has nearly 2,000,000 a day), the Dally Express and the Daily News have day after day published conference news on ck pages, and far back, at that. Frequently the stuff has not occupied more than a third of a column a day, and then was usually sandwiched among paragraphs dealing with other minor events. The latest soctet ge, the newest crime lenue;m\, an unexpected racing or foot ball result, some cause celebre in the law cou or all of these things have had front pages and the headlines in London regularly since the Naval Conference set in. For a realm which sloganizes that its fleet is its “all in all,” these are conditions which pass our feeble American com- prehension. i e Just as soon as a plenary session of the conference is over, it is Prime Min- ister Macdonald’s custom to emerge, in his capacity of chairman, and face the newspaper men. The Labor chieftain has never forgotten that he used to be a professional journalist himself. With- in the limits of his prerogatives on this occasion—and they are pretty strict limits—Macdonald is at pains to be both informative and interesting. He loves to banter with the scribes and a habit of more than holding his own. One wisecracks with the “P. M.” at one’s own risk. The other day an American correspondent spoke up and sald: “Mr, Prime Minister, the favorite indoor sport among us just now is to make wagers on the duration of the conference. Can say anything that would affect the betting odds?” There ‘was a twinkle in his merry Scottish eye, as Macdonald replied: “All my life I have been a conscientious_objector on the subject of betting, I'm sorry I can’t help you out.” * ok Kk ¥ One of the discussions now raging in Parliament and the press is the “dese- cration” of Hyde Park which the Labor government is accused of fostering. The Times has just &flnud a solemn editori*’ entitled “Hyde Park or Coney Island:” It is a vigorous g‘ t thc nlans of the authorities to install such thi as & swimmm& pool for ansu‘ld.le pon for , greens, merr;-fo-mmb. tennis courts, foot ball flelds and a variety of other things dfl!{nefl to make the park more tractive and useful for the plain peo le. Vi vanishing race—are Praukly aghast over Labors patx pro am, and wonder where it is all going e * ok ok K Scotland Yard has decided to double the number of policewomen on duty in London. ~There are now 50 woman “bobbles.” Naturally the gquestion of the fair constables shall be garbed Sn greater sery- ST ppearance. Pol have powers of arrest as policemen, X NE Englishman who remembers Her- bert” Hoover from his pre-war en- gineering days in London is a well known city solicitor with the vibrant name of John Broad. Long an adorn- ment of the legal profession, Broad once upon a time ented clients who were on the opposite side of a lawsuit in which Hoover was interested. The future President of the United States lost the case. -He admired Broad's conduct of it so Hoover asked th his He accepted the retainer and the two men became bosom friends. Now and then John Broad hears from the White House. He has expressed the opinion that Her- bert Hoover was in his time the keenest organizing mind in London. * ok ok % Mrs. Philip Snowden, wife of the British chancellor of the exchequer, who has been so.prime a factor in her distinguished husband's career, calls herself semi-Americanized. She as- cribes it to the fact that she has made no fewer than 10 separate lecture tours in the United States. One of Mrs. Snowden’s warmest American friends is Mrs, Desha Breckinridge of Lexington, Ky., and Nantucket, Mass.. The Breck- inridges, it appears, have a racing stable. Not long ago, Mrs. Breckin- ridge wrote Mrs. Snowden that she had named a horse after the charming chatelaine of No, 10 Downing Street. The name is Rosalind, Mrs. Snowden's glven name is not Rosalind, but Mrs. Breckinridge insists that the English- woman is so much like the leading lady in “As You Like It” in character and in what Shakespeare must have conceived to be her looks that she long has known the chancellor of the exchequer’s lady by no other name. * ok ok ¥ M. Georges Leygues, French minister of marine, and one of France's four delegates to the Naval Conference, looks has | €nough like Georges Clemenceau to be the shadow of “the r.” As Ley- gues sits at the conference table, with walrus mustache, bald head and rather severe mien, everybody’s mem- ory travels back to the peace confer- ence at Versailles and imagines it is Clemenceau e back to life. M. Leygues (who pronounces his name like Legge of the Federal Farm Board at ‘Washington) is France’s naval minister eternal. He has been in the same port- follo for the past seven or eight years, surviving all the changes in French cabinets with apparently no intention of not weathering any number of others. (Copyright, 1930.) Through Trains Run From Coast to Coast £rom the New York World. Single cars have been running regu- larly from the Eastern seaboard to the Pacific Coast for many years, but only last week has through-train service been inaugurated from New York to San Francisco, with the departure over different lines of two trains scheduled to connect at San Francisco with a steamer for Honolulu. This new trans- continental service is limited so far to these boat trains, and no Hawall bound will continue, - fore, to change cars at Chicago or Kan~ sas City in order to reach the Pacific steamship to Honolulu makes it doubly importeni, A Plea for the District Of Washington’s Desire To the Editor of The Star: Most Qflq'l)lb ‘where men might be free, and where they might enjoy their freedom with the fullest liberty; no man made greater personal sacrifices to accomplish his purposes; no man studied the situation with more sin- cerity; no man endured more suffering, in the depths of his consciousness, in is sympathy for those surrounding him on every side; a man with such strong emotions must have suffered | Geeply, through the intensity of his feell and now the Nation seeks to make an enduring memorial, as a mark of esteem commemorating the worth of Washington, and the events of his il- lustrious achievements. Next to the shaking off the yoke of tyranny, the most burnipg desire in the heart of Washington was to have his native State of Virginia contribute of her ample area a small part of her vast territory, to provide a site for the home of the Federal Government. He made every effort to carry his plans into effect, and succeeded in having 29 square miles of Virginia land com- prise a part of the District Colum- bia. In 1846 this act was abrogated and the wise, patriotic plans of George Washington were frustrated and aside. Let us cover with the mantle o charity any attempt to inquire into the feelings and purposes of those who were instrumental in this iniquitous act, ‘Will proud, patriotic Virginians long- er endure the smart and sting of shame and chagrin thus heaped upon them, and upon the sacred memory of the man who was so worthy, and so much adored as to be almost worshiped by his fellows, who so faithfully fol- lowed him through the flood of blood that flowed from those who fell on :l e ;\eld.s where they fought for free- It is not too late to make amends. Never compromise a right nor condone a wrong! Let Virginians set about to retrieve their reputation for right- eousness and justice, and hasten to take the initiative in restoring the status of the District of Columbia, as conceived and contemplated in the plans and great projects that so ab- sorbed the mind of the incomparable ‘Washington! Could we pay greater homage to George Washington, or greater honor to all other Virginians, than by yleld- ing obedience to his wish, full accord to his will, and complete deference to his way? Let us look up to the light of his glory, and let it shine full in our faces, flushed with the inemflry of t'l;‘ls shameful wrong! Ehdeavor to pe grnbuwmle light of his glory to shine or all. Let us appeal to all the powers that be for the restoration .of Arlington County to its original status as a part of the District of Columbia! Oh, make it the front door, as entrance to the City Beautiful, for the citizens of the South and West, who come on a visit to the Capital City of their great and beloved country! Make the approach to the City Beautiful in keeping with the beauty of the city itself, so tractive that the first impression is so indelibly deep that it will last to the Ty — oyal and proud Vi ns are humiliated and distressed at being the big back yard of the City Beautiful, used for a dirty dump, fit only to be filled with filth and rusty, rotten r"%i“h‘ ber, ‘member, George Washington loved the shores and sofl of Virginia! It was here he made his domestic home of love and happiness. Here were the environments of his joys and peace, the social conditions that made him love his humble neighbors and friends. We implore Virginia to restore the original lines of the District of Colum- bia, that the Capital City may expand and occupy all this beautiful area of 29 miles of territory; that gave Wash- ington so much concern, ht and inspiration for the future grandeur of | his_ideal of the City Beautiful. ndon, Va. | Central Municipal Market Serves Valuable Purpose To the Editor of The Star: W. G. Kent in stating in a recent letter to The Star his opposition to a new central market says that Wash- ington has grown so that the present site of the central market “is no lo central, but as much out of the wdy as possible, if you judge by the diff- culty in.getting there now that the resi- dential sections are so far away.” This statement should be presented as an argument for a new central location for the entire city. The outstanding fact is that there is not a single vacant stand in this large central market, and, without exception, the dealers doing business there desire to remain where they are, and if that is not possible they wish to duplicate, as far as pos- sible, the large aggregation of business stands in another large central market. his should remove the objections of W. G. Kent to a central market on the ground that the present site is no longer central and is subject to street congestion. The demand for a central market has received " popular support, both citizens’ associations and from present holders of stands in the Center Market at Seventh street and Pennsylvania ave- nue. A site for a central market is available adjacent to the shopping dis- trict and to railway terminal facili- ties, This site is zoned as second com- mercial and its selection would not meet opposition that would be encountered in a residential section. If condemna- tion proceedings should be instituted for & Government central market there seems to be no doubt that ample space could be obtained at a price that would be readily justified for market purposes. Mr. Kent refers to other small sec- tional markets and to chain stores as sufficiently supplying the market needs of the g::ple of Washington. He should remember that, in face of the competi- tion that has been set up between chain stores, the facllities of the central market at Seventh street and Pennsyl~ vania avenue have been utilized up to 100 per cent and the business has goen 50 attractive to the dealers that they wish to remain where they are, which is conclusive proof that :{ll people of Washington are patronizing the present Center Market. It the chain stores and scattered small markets had fully met the de- mand of the people of Washington for & central market, it is reasonable to suppose that the Center Market, at Seventh street and Pennsylvania ave- nue, would be largely deserted by this time, because chain stores have beea in operation long enough to demonstrate just what they can do to m{gply market needs and no one questions the efficiency of their management. ‘The_fact is, a large is the best guarantee possible that prices of all market products, wherever they may be dispensed, will be kept in check. The central market house is the price and quality barometer that regulates all chain stores and sectional markets, and if such enterprises deviate from price and quality standards the housekeeper has recourse to the great central market. This result alone should influence Con= gress to replace. the Center Market with another similar establishment under the control of the Department of Agri- culture, wihch guarantees the highest sanitary and fair-dealing practices. ‘We should not overlook the fact that in the history of Washington no one has ever suggested the removal of Cen- ter Market from Seventh street and Pennsylvania avenue, except for the purpose of beautifying the great Ave- nue of Vi n_and grovhfln[ a site for a needed public building. Our Rotable sighta. of Washington, Jisied nof of ) by tourists, and, since the Department of ulture has taken charge of that institution, it has been referred to as an outstan el le J. W. NIGH. devel ities to cond has to make should that work be destroyed now? CHARLES . KERN, out the wrong, and allow the| Y central market | kep! ‘This is & special department devoted solely to ‘:m‘mm of queries. paper at your Fo e e serve that Telates to mformation is free. Failure to make use of it de- | prives, ientitled. Your is only 2 cents in coin or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, gedgmcl. Haskin, director, Washing- m, D. C. | . Q. What is the name of Nina Wilcox Putnam's last husband?—OC. P. A. It was recently that this writer married Capt. Frank Monroe Upton, a flyer and a member of the Explorers’ Club of New York. . How m: rlrl of American lhsu are -t & year?—A. W. D. A. In 1929) we exruma 4,807,212 pairs. Of these, 731,865 pairs were women'’s shoes. Q. Why is a Yale lock or Yale key so called?—T'. W. D. 4 ‘.‘l\. 1t s named for its inventor, Linus le. Q. How far is & league?—J. S, 1 A. The league c"a‘fl old'n':'tm ¢ length varying af erent es AN in different countries from Z.I' to 46 miles. Q. How does the concert choir of St. Olaf’'s College get the fHitch when changing from one song to another in a different key?—L. P. A. It is so trained that it ofin strike its pitch without outside tuning. Q. What power is being exerted to keep the rotating upon its axis?— J. M. J. A. The Naval Observatory says that o energy at all is being exerted to keep the earth rotating on its axis. All that is necessary for continued motion is that no force be acting to stop it, and that is the case, except that the tides have a retarding effect, which is so minute that it is only within the last 100 years that astronomers succeeded in detecting it. Q. What is the derivation of “yegg,” meaning a robber?—J. G. W. A. The term seems to have referred first to a tramp who made a business of robbery, and was taken from gypsy argot. When a particularly clever thief was found among a gypsy tribe he was selected as the yegg, or chief thief, the name having come from one John €88, Q. What is a jug band?—K. 8. A. It is & band which uses jugs for musical isntruments. Musical tones are produced by the jugs. “Qi w‘b;nu “q” always followed by A. The letter “u” is used after the letter “q” for the sake of euphony. QU cwg"e is Ann Rutledge’s grave? Y ve of Lincoln's betrothed nd Cemetery, near New A monument of granite ure of 3 malice toward none, with charity for all.” Out of me, lcre- glveness of millions toward miilio ‘This | shining with justice and truth. of benefits to which you are | my and the beneficent face of a mxmm, am Ann Rutledge, who sleeps beneath these words., Beloved of Abraham Lin- coln, wedded to him, not through unfon, but h tion. m forever, O republic, m the dust of besom, 5 Q. How many white people are therc in the world?—S. M. T. A. The most recent estimate gives 725,000,000 people of the white race. Q. How much was given for philan- thropy in the United States during 19797—A. A. N. . A. A total of $2,450,720,000. This -was an increase of $120,120,000 over 1928. Most of this sum was given for religious purposes and education. Q. “Where is the house made of paper?—M. L. A. The House of Paper is located on Pigeon Hill, in Rockport, Mass. Over 55,000 newspapers have been used to build it. Wood has been used for the framing, floor, celling, door jambs and eaves. Walls are of newspaper, 215 sheets in thickness, well varnished. The furniture, also, has been fashioned out of paper. The writing desk is of rolled newspapers giving accounts of Linde bergh's flight to Paris. Q. When was the first postal serv- ice in any country?—H. 8. H. A. The first recorded postal service, although it was not known under that name, was probably in the form of the messenger relay service founded by Cyrus, King of Persia, about 559 B.C. China in the year 1280 A.D. had 300, ooa horses and men to carry communi- cations. ¥ Q. Who was Saki?>—W. T. J, A. Saki was the psn name of one of the most original wits in H. H. Munro. He was killed in the World War. A collected edition of his works has recently been published. Q. Please give date and place that the Passion Play will be given this e Peain o . e 1035, and rins Thiobgh Septembss is held in Oberammergau, which is upper Bavaria, Germany. . What is the largest between E‘%.“To' Tex., -nd'lm An;efi'}e-m.r— A. Phoenix, Ariz., claims first i in this region, having an Mm Ppopulation of 75000 in its so-called metropolitan area. Q. Where is Alexander Hamilton buried?—M. J. 35 A. He is buried in Trinity Church- yard, New York City. . Q. Why do men’s coats button from lflkhnrlllhn—v‘ C. W. in cape. cape closed from lett to right right hand would be free the sword when Q. What does the word “Yosemite" mean?—E. A, K. h A. The word “Yosemite” means griz- ar. ns, | 2ly bear. Advice on Cotton Planting The difficulty of finding a solution production is pointed out in discussion of the Department of iculture ad- vice on the subject. l‘t“l’s recognized thal reduced acreage ought to result in better conditions, and that diversi- fication ought to help, but the debate | concerning the means of achieving | these ends continues. “Experts in the Department of Agri- culture,” according to the Baltimore Evening Sun, “are urging farmers to cut down on their acreage as the only satisfactory solution of the problem or overproduction. The logic of these agri~ cultural experts is faultless, provided one grants their premise that the farmers are worried about overproduc- tion. But why should the farmers worry? Let the bottom drop out of grain and cotton exports; let there be & surplus of supply over demand—the Simith thpayer. Tas. siresdy paciad mith, yer, has already parte with $150,000,000 for their relief, and he is prepared to increase this sum to half a bi . Farmers can face the wupecu t of overproduction with a smile.” “The necessity of cotton acreage re- duction,” says the New Orleans Times- affirmed by the Federal board, by ‘the Southern farm experts and by the farm co-operative leaders. Bmhem 'h:urguc“:w unani- m u Wi ac accom- plished depends on the individ planters, who in past years have ignored or defied such counsels. Previous acre- reduction campaigns have resulted I‘:‘mfl plantings. The fact that cot- ton production in excess of consuming demand forces down the price is too well established for dispute, but that fact in its turn has been widely disre- garded by the planters. Now we are to see whether the farmers in cotton- growing States are at last ready and willing to profit by expert advice and the hard lessons of their own experi- ence. We do not venture a prediction regarding the outcome, but we do find ground for encouragement in the steady and intelligent movements for crop di- versification under way in nearly every Southern State.” ‘The New Orleans paper concludes that “the growing Southern interest in dairying and live stock is one of the ‘encoura signs of Southern progress toward a ‘balanced agriculture’ that, once achieved, should end the annual threat of excessive cotton acreage and overproduction, with its resultant de- of prices below the levels of growing cost and ‘fair return.’” “Southern cotton planters,” avers the Charlotte News, “have for years been hearing the advice reverberating about them to reduce their cotton acre: in order that they might work out their own salvation, and just as long have they steadfastly refused to show much concern about this sort of counsel. They have continued to plant as much cotton as they thought they could work, independent of outside suggest emanating from their own leadership, and independent, too, of what should have been their better judgment if they to | skilled pilots ing some rather plain in this regard. board believes that last year's acreage was too large. It was the largest planted acreage of any ear in history except 1925 and 1926. othing but crop failure in Texas in lflloognvenwd a total yleld of 16,- 000, bales in the belt. ‘That is more American cotton than the world will The ham | Sixty per Is Made Subject of Debate of the problem of a surplus in cotton |ing the “Demand for cotton has fallen off,” explains the Raleigh News and Ob- server, “because women have discarded numerous ' petticoats wmade of cotton, and rayon and silk have become strong competitors. But the automobile indus- try has supplied a large demand. Other new demands are coiton airplane pro- | pellers, cotton plane parachutes and cotton street markers. | A new use also has come in road build- |lng, consisting of a layer of cotton | fabric, topped by gravel and tar. It is the purpose of the Textile Institute, in ico-opcrltlun with manufacturers, to |create new demands, to introduce | Zrelvf}c‘rl flexibility.” | “With reduced cotton acreage,” re- | matks the Anniston Star, ~the. farmer | has land to plant in other crops that | Will provide feed for his live stock and i food for tha family, and help him to be ‘snmewh;lbl m?epem}em of the cotton | crop. e plan of restricted acreage |and. that of diversified farming. and | larger yields on the acre go hand in | hand, for a large cotton crop means less time and land for other crops. But with a reasonable sized cotton crop and time and acreage devoted to other crops, farmers not only help to improve the cotton situation and help themselves in | that way, but they also benefit by the | other commodities produced for the | market and- for home consumption.” Considering the “marginal man"— the one who must seek new occupation —the Little Rock Democrat argues: “The average cotton farmer must have a certain amount of reve- nue each year, unless he can placate the banker, the merchant, the taxpayer et al. He must have either quantity or quality production—that is, he must produce so many bales of cotton or he must produce fewer bales at lower cost. The latter process rzneully is the re- sult of long and painful experimenting. The former, deplorable though the fact may be, is the more natural, hence is more popular. All of ‘which inspires this question, which we believe is per- tinent: Just which farmers shall be designated ‘marginal’ farmers, and by whom? We might add this inquiry: If we adopt the suggestion and place the farmer in another occupation, where will we find the other occupa- tion?” ““Considering general agricultural con- ditions,” the Terre Haute Star says: “The farmer who has been educated to produce a surplus must now be educated to restrict his output, because American machines and methods of cultivation are creating competing surpluses in other countries.” The Air Mail. From the Toledo Blade. No less an authority than Walter F. Brown, Postmaster General, says that every 24 hours the air malls are flown 40,500 miles. Some 250 pilots, some 200 planes and some 25 contractors are :glll’fld in seeing that the air mails get rough. The air llnne; ',hrouxl'xl wmh t‘h‘ess aggregate about 14, miles. = ‘There’s something dramatic about the business. “The show must g0 on,” actors.say of the stage. Marines have landed and have the situation well in hand” are sentences spoken of confidence in the soldier- sailor branch of a Government service, And that “The malls must go through™ is taken as a certainty by the aire minded of this country, a group that is increasing rapidly. sky W:ux'g:k':y“&‘ w'-. sleep. cent of done “lfilk :;‘ ir is bboln h:il‘!-nfl m: ai g st slowly. ‘The pilots themsel: b