Evening Star Newspaper, June 9, 1929, Page 34

'THE SUNDAY CLUBWOMEN OF THE NATION T'reatise of Miss Smith Discusses Trends in Woman’s Move- ment—Plans of American Suffrage Delegation Out- lined—Feminists Celebrate—Notes. BY CORINNE FRAZIER. TREATISE by Ethel M. Smith, bearing the title “Toward Equal Rights for Men and Women," issued by the National League of Woman Voters and pub- lshed coincident with the salling of leaders of the delegation which will represent the United States in the Con- gress of the International Alllance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizen- ship, to be held in Berlin next week, is particularly interesting on the eve of that international assembly, because of its very frank discussion and summing up of the modern trends in the woman movement, as it has been reshaped through the achievement and use of the wote. The relation of the “equal rights™ theory to the early doctrine of individ- ualism and the more slowly developing doctrine of social justice, the legal status of women today and the present phi- losophy of the movement are dealt with by Miss Smith in a timely and compre- hensive study. The publication has been made pos- sible with the assistance of funds from the Leslie commission, which was es- tablished under the administration of leaders of the National American Woman Suffrage Association for the promotion of woman suffrage and im- mediately related objects. ‘The figure of the feminist demanding “rights” is pictured by Miss Smith as yielding to that of the responsible wom- an voter, confronted by a conflict of in- terests and principles, and forced to consider many factors in the applica- tion of her new powers. An arbitrary theory of “equal rights,” she contends, is insufficient to meet the problems raised in legislation differentiating be- tween man and woman. She classifies the differences in law that exist at present—those which are definitely adverse to women, those which accord special benefit or consideration, and the large field of law in which the determination of what constitutes equality of right is not easily agreed upon. The last mentioned includes the division of property after marriage, the reciprocal rights and duties of husband and wife, penalties for sex offenses, age of majority and marriage, and particu- larly the regulation of hours and condi- tions of labor. Miss Smith's arguments in favor of epecial legislation for women in indus- trial occupations are of particular in- terest because of her long experience in the trade-union movement. During the suffrage campaign, Miss Smith was secretary of the congressional commit- tee of the National American Woman Suffrage Assoclation and later became legislative secretary for the National Wi 's Trade Union League and also for the National Federation of Federal Employes. r five years she served as labor member of the Minimum Wage Com- mission of the District of Columbia under the Federal statute which was unconstitutional in 1923, and she is at present a member of the executive board of the National Woman's ‘Trade Union League. Miss Smith draws upon abundant testimony to show that, under present conditions, the general effect of laws limiting hours of labor of women in workshops, factories and stores is in general to lessen the existing inequality between women's hours and those of men. “With restricted hours comes re- competition, and thereby in- bargaining power, the most vital t] in the world to the man or woman who works for wages. It is for that the trade unionist exchanges his freedom of contract, it is that con- sideration which makes legal freedom of contract a myth in his eyes, and hers.” she says. “Who shall decide whether there shall be labor laws for women?” fs the ques- tlon pointedly raised in this chapter of Miss Smith’s pamphlet. Her plea is against the arbitrary application of theoretical “equality” and more heed to the development of a substantial equal- ity as defined and sought by organized working women themselves. For the attainment of equal rights for men and women generally, Miss Smith contends, a pragmatic,- not a dogmatic, approach is necessary. “The final end s not equality, but justice and human happiness, to which equal~ ity is a means.” The interest of the pamphlet is heightened by its survey of important recent changes in the position of women in other countries and the newer phi- Josophy developing in women's organiza- tions wherever enfranchisement has brought increased responsibility. It states fully the ob{ecuom to pro- of the “get-equal-quick” variety Tepresented by the proposed ‘“equal rights” constitutional amendment in the United States and equal rights treaties of universal application. At the Berlin Assembly, where 24 women from the National League of Women Voters, the only American or- ganization which is a member, will represent this country, headed by Miss Belle Sherwin, president of the league, more than 1,500 representative women from 42 countries will gather to dis- cuss the progress of the woman’s movement the world over. Nine of the American delegation will represent the United States on nine international committees dealing with peace, family allowances, equal moral standards, like conditions of work for men and women, the unmarried mother and her child, the nationality of married women, equal status of women, women police and work in the enfrachised countries. In ance with the usual pro- cedure, each of the committees will adopt formal resolutions on principles | of major importance in the fleld covered by the committee's work. In addition to the efforts in behalf of , the American delegation’s first interest in alllance deliberations is in the methods which are being worked out in countries where women have the vote to equip women for the use of the franchise and for effective participation in governmental activities. Mrs., Maud Wood Park of Portland, Me., former National League president, represents the United States on the committes for work in enfranchised countries. i Attention also is being given in the United States to the action of the com- mittee for like conditions of work for ‘men and women, on_which Dr. Mollie Ray Carroll of Goucher College is the | American member. At Berlin, as other Alllance Con- , there are likely to be two points of view. The American delega- tion believes in special legislation for women in industry when and where it has the actual effect of bettering their status and overcoming handicaps which they suffer mhthe hfll);e‘nce of special e tion. Those holding op- g:al.ng “egt: declare that there must no distinction in law between men and women. ‘The American delegation will uphold the position of the League of “Women Voters, which emphasizes that legisla- tion affecting women in industry must take into account actual economic and social conditions, the interests of women as mothers as well as individuals and especially the wishes of industrial workers themselves. Aside from the fact that Berlin is the birthplace of the alliance (estab- lished 25 years ago by Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt, American clubwoman), there is particular interest in the meet- ing in Berlin, because it marks the first time since woman suffrage became an actupal factor in the world that the al- liance will meet in a country where women vote. ‘There is one note of regret in regard fo the American representation. Mrs. ., Catt is unable to go to Berlin. She !j:was. to_have.made.the keynote_speech i |in the opening anniversary session and to have discussed “the 25 years' tri- umph of woman suffrage.” oKX x !FORUM luncheons have been dis- | £ “continued for the season at_ the Woman's National Democratic Club, where they have been held each Mon- | day noon during the Winter and Spring months, with programs including prominent speakers from the political and journalistic world. It “is probable that the luncheons will be resumed in October or Novem- ber. ek FEMINXSTS celebrated the passage of the equal suffrage measure the |past week on its tenth anniversary, ‘Junt' 4, and at the same time rejoiced at the Introduction into the Senate of |the equal rights amendment to the Constitution, put before that body for the second time, by Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota. Vice President Curtis first introduced the measure in the Senate on December 10, 1923. Sen- ator Nye, in introducing it in the Seventy-first Congress, declared: “Equality of opportunity and equality in the distribution of the blessings of government should ever be the watch- word of our government. “The advancement of women in the life of this Nation has been marvelous. Some part of this success can be traced to the grant of equal suffrage rights. Their contributions to the general wel- fare and real life of the Nation has been such as clearly to demonstrate their right and their title to complete equality with men under our Constitu- | tion and law. “I am happy in the privilege of in- troducing in the Senate the joint reso- lution providing for an amendment to the Constitution granting equal rights for women because it marks another step in that great effort, which has gone on now for nearly 100 years— the effort to win that reasonable and fair place for women under the Con- stitution and the law.” Clinging to the hope that it will not have to vacate one of the two former Government hotel buildings on the Union Station Plaza, the National Guard of the District of Columbia has appealed to Senator Reed Smoot, chairman of the Public Buildings Com: mission, to assist it in having an- nulled the order of the United States Housing Corporation to get out. In the hope that this move will bring re- sults, it was sald at the brigade head- quarters last week that nothing has been done toward the provision of an- other building. Officials are very frank to point out that they do not know just where they will put the troops which are housed in the structure which they have been ordered to vacate. In ad- dition to having all of the division headquarters troops housed in this building much of it is given over to storerooms where is kept the valuable equipment loaned to the Guard by the Regular Army to carTy on the training of the former. “Notice has been received by us from the United States Housing Cor- poration,” says a letter of Gen. Stephan to Senator Smoot, “directing that we vacate by July 1 one of the bulldings now occupied by us as an armory. At best the two buildings now occupied in the temporary structures on the plaza are far from adequate for our use. The relinquishment of one of them will still further handicap the training of the local guard units, as it will involve moving all or the major part of the troops now in that building to quarters to be provided elsewhere and the transfer of facilities into the remaining building here with a conse- quent congestion. “I seriously doubt the practical economy of rehabilitating the build- ing now in question for use as a hotel. In view of this and of our urgent need we appeal to you and your committee for help. We request that you re- consider and that we be permitted to continue in possession of both build- ings here until the time comes for razing them or until suitable housing has been provided for us. We, of course, deeply appreciate the interest you have shown in the past and we trust that that interest will continue and that you will grant this further request. “It is realized that the difficulty of obtaining any action on our rellef in the House of Representatives at this special session is probably insuperable. However, in the hope that something may be done along the line suggested in your letter of January 19, 1929, I am forwarding this date to you, to Representative Richard N. Elliott and to Representative Frederick N. Zihiman, identic letters requesting authorization for armory construction. “The relief asked for herein will tide us over until action can be had on_the other request.” It is understood the building which the Housing Corporation is seeking is to be refitted and reopened as a hotel to provide rooms for the women now occupying the buildings in the squares immediately adjacent to the Capitel. These are to be razed to make way for the first part of the improvement which eventually will extend the Cap- itol grounds to the Union Station. As pointed out, it will be very ex- pensive to refit the building for hotel purposes, as it is in a bad state of repair, and since the troops have been using it, many of the partitions divid- ing the structure into small hotel rooms have been torn down to make better training quarters and recreation rooms for the troops which occupy it. If the appeal fails and it is necessary to move the troops, it probably will be to a building in some other part of the city, resulting in a decentralization of the Guard. Efforts have been made for years to keep the various organizations together, and this, to some extent, was made possible when the Government hotels were allotted to the troops. The Coast Artillery occupies the old Naval Militia Armory on the water front of Washington Channel. The officials are hoping that the Public Buildings Commission will find a solution as it did when it assigned the Guard to the Government hotel group, following a decision of the Attorney General that the local militia was a Federal Government activity, which put buildings commission with other Gov- ernment departments, so far as the allocation of space is concerned. Capt. Just C. Jensen, Ordnance De- partment, in charge of the rifle range at Camp Simms, Congress Heights, D. C. has issued the following memoranda to all Guard organizations: Commanders of organizations which will have detachments at the target range on Sundays will advise the ord- nance officer as far in advance as prac- personnel who will be present each Sunday, together with information as to the courses to be fired, in order that arrangements for necessary targets and luncheon may be made. Detachments arriving at the range will register at the range house upon arrival, in order that subsistence may be furnished. In the future sandwiches will be prepared for the number of men registered and those for each group or detachment will be placed in boxes and delivered to the officer or non-commissioned officer of the de- tachment at such time as he calls for -them, . Det ts then are at liberty it under the protective wing of thej| lncahle of the approximate number of | | At the national headquartérs of the |Woman's party on Tuesday afternoon, and at the same time in other cities throughout the country, while the amendment was being introduced in the Senate, members and sympathizers were celebrating the tenth anniversary of their first feminist triumph in the struggle for equal rights. Senator James E. Watson of Indiana, who was | chairman of the woman suffrage com- mittee of the Senate at the time of the passage of the amendment, spoke at the Washington celebration, which took the form of a garden party. “Twenty-three men who are now members of this body have the distinc- tion of voting for the suffrage amend- ment in the Senate when it was passed on June 4, 1919,” said Senator Watson. “I believe I can say that every man now in the Senate would gladly bear testimony of the fine results of grant- ing to women political equality with men. Many, indeed, clearly see that the right of women to complete equal- ity is convincingly demonstrated by the manner in which American women have borne their part in our national life since the suffrage amendment was adopted in the Senate 10 years ago today.” Among the other cities where observ- ances were held at branch headquar- ters are Boston, New Haven, Syracuse, Richmond, Detroit, Chicago, St. Paul, Colorado Springs, Houston, Tex.; Mis- souli, Mont., and Santa Barbara. In several cities the observance of the anniversary took the form of radio broadcasting. Speeches went out from important stations in Boston, Detroit, Chicago, Milwaukee and Washington. ‘Two new members have been added recently to the headquarters staff of the National Woman's Party. Miss Louise Wise of Nashville, Tenn., has arrived to take over the duties of head- quarters’ seoretary and Miss Elizabeth Cooper of Mississippl 1s serving as assistant publicity director, aide to Miss Mary Moss Wellborn, director. District National-Guard to utilize facilities in the mess hall on the hill, or, if they desire, may utilize the space to the east of the range houses for luncheon purposes. Each detachment will be held responsible for policing its area after luncheon. This arrangement will do away with the ccombined mess which has been oper- ated and will permit each detachment to lunch at such time as it d 8. Plans have been perfected for the ceremonies incident to the presenta- tion to the local Guard of a trophy by the Veterans of Foreign Wars. Whereas they were formerly scheduled to be held in the Central High School sta- dium, it has now been ordered that they be held on the east front of the Capitol at 7:15 p.m., January 18. It is planned to have all units of the Guard present. The troops will be former at the armory in time to march to the Capitol Grounds for the hour st for the ceremonies to begin. The units will march to the edge of the Capitol Grounds, where ranks will be broken, not to be formed again until Just prior to the beginning of the cere- monies. This was said at the Guard headquarters to be necessary owing to a rule that troops cannot march in formation in the Capitol Grounds, ex- cept at inaugurations and other similar national events. The trophy which the Guard is to receive, it was said, will be presented each year to the organization which has the best attendance. Capt. Clarence E. Shields, command- ing Company E, 121st Engineers, has suggested to the brigade headquarters that his command be allowed send a company rifie team to the New York State matches to be held at Peekskill, N. Y, from July 9 to 15. Company E has a number of fine rifle shots in its membership. Arrangements are being made to pre- sent, at the coming annual encamp- ment, service medals to which person- nel of the organization has become en- titled since the last award. Unit com- manders have been instructed to check the service of personnel in their or- ganizations and to submit on or before July 1 next the names of men en- titled to medals, such list showing the ml; of service of each individual con- ed. ‘The 3d Corps Area Headquarters of the Army, at Baltimore, Md., has given its stamp of approval to the pro- gram of instruction for the 121st Regi- ment of Engineers at the coming an- nual encampment, to be held at Camp Albert C. Ritchie, Cascade, Md. The objective for the fleld training period, says the outlined plan, is: For all individuals and units (a) in general, the attaining of a responsible profi. clency in the basic training under- taken; and (b) in particular, the ap- plication to practical problems of the iheoretical and practical knowledge gained in armory instruction, in laying out and constructing simple military field works, in the application of the pontoon bridge and the foot bridge, in« cluding the ability to construct stream crossing expedients; in the handling and use of military explosives, and in the application of the principles of road construction; the qualification in rifle markmanship of such men as have not previously qualified and finally, the ability to operate tactically as in- fantry in’ emergencies with reasonable proficiency. The proposed allotment of hours is as follows: Entraining, detraining, m: ing camp, eight hours; breaking camp, entraining and detraining, eight hou: engineer training, practical, 27 hou close and extended order drill, seven and one-half hours; bayonet drill, four hours; interior guard duty, four hours; drill contest, one hour; muster, one hour; care of arms and equipment, nomenclature of the rifle, two hours; pack rolling, tent pitching, display ot equipment, two hours; inspection, two hours; ceremonies, nine hours; maneu- vers, regimental, five hours; tactical problem, company, two hours; chemical warfare demonstration, two hours; phys- ical training, setting-up exercises, three hours, and supervised athletics, six | hours: rific marksmanship, preparatory exercises, four hours; range firing, 14 hours; officers’ school, 11 hours; non- | commissioned officers’ school, 11 hours. A total of 105 hours. ‘The last 15 minutes of each morning ge:lllod will be given over to close-order rill, It is also explained that during the ining riod the local rifle {on Sundays only. tates the use of automobiles as a means of transportation, and it is declared to be essential that the Summer camp jrange be used in order to obtain satis I;(l:mry proficlency in rifle marksman- ship. . | "7As the corps area headquarters has approved this, the engineers will have gnrt of their field duty given up té ring on the rifle range at Camp | Ritchie, It also was indicated at the brigade headquarters that the local troops will be dispatched to camp this year by special train, instead of the busses which they have used for the past several years. It seems that the Army has made some arrangements by which all National Guard troops are to be sent this year by rail, and that the contract has been so arranged that the local militia will not have to advertise 2 for bids for transportation. In consid- “ STAR, WASHINGTON JUNE 9, 192 —PART eration of this special arrangement, it was sald that the Army has obtained a large reduction in the rates. While the bus transportation was considered very satisfactory by the local officials, as a result of their experience of the | B;st few years, it was said that it is ely that the rallroad arrangements also will be satisfactory, as the armory is situated close to the Union Station, obviating a long march to the train, | and the cars upon arrival at the des- tination can be shunted onto a siding within the camp, within a few hun- dred yards of where the busses have been delivering the troops. The United States marshal for the District of Columbia has invited the | attention of brigade headquarters to the fact that summary court officers in issuing warrants of attachments are not noting thereon the time, place and date of the assembling of the summary court before which it is desired the marshal shall bring the accused. A memorandum issued states that organ- ization commanders will be held re- sponsible that summary court officers under their jurisdiction comply with this instruction in order that the mar- shal will have definite instructions as to when and where to produce the of- fending soldler. The 29th Division Military Police Company heads the list of local Guard units in the matter of attendance for the past week, according to figures compiled at the brigade headquarters from the drill reports. It was indi- cated that the 260th Coast Artillery did not have a drill I explains why the list is not topped by the Medical Department Detachment of that branch of the service, which has | for a number of weeks past consistently held the top of the list with 100 per cent. ‘The Military Police unit classed as superior for last week with an_attendance percentage of 93.33. The other units, in their respective classifications, with percentages, follow: Excellent—Headquarters Detachment, 260th Coast Artillery, 88.00; Head- quarters Detachment, 29th Division Special Troops, 87.50: Headquarters Detachment, _29th Division, __85.18; Company A, 372d Infantry, 80.55. Very_satisfactory—Band, 121st Engi- neers, 79.41; Headquarters and Service Company, 121st Engineers, 78.57; Com- pany F, 12ist Engineers. 74.07; Quar- termaster Corps Detachment, 72.72; Company D, 121st Engineers, 7187. Satisfactory—Company C, 121st En- gineers, 60.65. Unsatisfactory—Company _E, _121st Engineers, 50.69: Medical Department Detachment, 121st Engineers, 55.00; Company A. 121st Engineers, 50.82. Very unsatisfactory—Company , B, 1215t Engineers, 35.94. 5 It was annpunced that the plans of the Headquarters Detachment to hold a detachment dinner on the night of June 18 are being perfected, and the Sidearms _Club has asked that the Military Police Company be included, It has been decided, it was said, to have it a joint affair. —_— Singapore, Straits Settlements, will t week, which!have a civil airport. lun is | The West End and Georgetown Wom- en's Christian Temperance Unions held a joint public meeting May 29 at head- quarters, 522 Sixth street northwest. Rev. Samuel Rose of Petworth M. E. Church gave an interesting and in- structive address. Miss Loina Smith who represents the Federation of Churches at the*Juvenile Court gave some fllustrations of cases | on which she has worked and for which_help had been secured through her efforts. Mr. Johnson, accompanied by Miss ‘Willman, entertained with several vio- 1in selections. Mrs. Lehmans, soprano, sang. | Several children of the L. T. L. of West End Union gave a | Mother Goose temperance rhymes. Mrs. Audley Smith gave humorous readings. | " Mrs. Cheesman, a former president | of West End Unlon; was informed by Mrs. Lyons that she had been made a lits member of the W. C. T. U, | *The Mary P. Pollock Union met May 127 at 8 o'clock at the home of Mrs. | J. W. Talbert. Mrs. T. T. Moore led the devotional exercises opening the meeting. Mrs. Emma Judge and Mrs. Sadie Smith were appointed for the flower mission. After reports Mrs. Hoage sang, and & social hour was enjoyed. YER! TAX BILL SENT FLYER LOST TWO YEARS AGO French Collector Addresses Notice to Charles Nungessor, At- lantic Aviator. PARIS , (#)—Charles Nungesser, | France’s war ace and Atlantic flyer, | who, with Capt. Coli, was lost on an at- | tempted Paris-New York flight in May, 1927, is considered dead in the five con- tinents of the worid, but he is still alive | for the French tax collector. Two years after his disappearance a | bill for "Fres. 4.21—about 17 cents—ac | dressed to Charles Nungesser was I |ceived at his address with this notice: “This is the last warning. If not paid | within 10 days, the treasury will collect | through legal proceedings.” PARIS APPROVES SAG. Pockets Which Stand Out Are Newer Than Flat Ones. PARIS (®)—Pockets that stand out are newer than those which lie flat. Coats and informal suits known as “dressmaker” type arc apt to have three-cornered pockets which sag out- ward at the top. The pouched pockets, according to designers, are the after- math of renewed interest in peplums, of which they are a varlation. "BUILDER New hours to Puget Sound and Portland Companion lrain P lo the PICK-and-span from the Pullman shops, the Great Northern's luxurious new train—the EmpireBuilder —leaves Chicago’sUnion Sta- tion Monday at 9 p. m,, on its first 63-hour flight through America’sgreat Northwest*Empire”which James J. Hill aptly named the “Zone of Plenty.” traverses the scenic, low-altitude courses, of the Mississippi, Missouri, Kootenai, Colunbia and other g:-t rivers—saves a full business day to Spokane, attle, Tacoma, Portland and other coast cities. Provides the club-like comforts of the longest, Ie tune in radio, the, address by Monday night, 9:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time over station alluring both i e i companion train, the British Columbia. |GERMANS ADVANCE | IN PERSIAN FORAY Minister at Teheran Tells of Great Strides Made in Trade Since War. BERLIN (#).—German interests in Persia have made great strides since the war, said Count Friedrich von der Schulenburg, German Minister at Te- heran, in an address beiore the Ger- man-Persian Society. He mentioned that the Siemens- Berger syndicate, a German-American enterprise, is_constructing a railway to connect the Caspian Sea with the Per- sian Gulf, by way of Teheran, a dis- tance of 1,000 miles, while the Junkers concern is running air services from the capital to Bagdad, Baku, Shiraz and Bushire, hooking up with British and Russian air lines. Prof. Ernst Herzfeld, also a German, shares with the French, who formerly held the monopoly, the control of the archeological treasures of the country. —_— Lease Fishing Rights. BOITZENBURG, Germany (®).— The right to hunt water fleas, which are used for fish bait, was leased here recently for the annual sum of 10 marks, about $2.50 Oriental Limited most skillfully-appointed sun room observation car ever built. Radio equipped, of course. Arrangenow for reservations on theEmpire Builder en route to Glacier National Park, Rainier National Park, Mt. Baker National Forest, Alaska and other Northwest vacationlands—see the Rockies t. Special low round trip sum- e New Empire Builder and its Oriental Limited, now in effect. Free side trip to Victoria and Vancouver, Oriental Limited leaves Union Station, Chicago, daily 11:00 a. m. New Empire Builder leaves Union Station, Chicago, daily 9:00 p.m. on the firstflight of the Exgpire ecretary Lamont of the Derartment of Buflder—spectacular coast-to-coast program, including otars of o et s eadiat aod For veservations and information call, write or phone EDMUND H. WHITLOCK , District P; ent WRC 504 Finance Buil;i':u f»'ufi!-lpu.. Pa. Phone Rittenhouse 3275-6