Evening Star Newspaper, June 9, 1929, Page 32

U. S. WHEAT MAY AID CHINA Representative Rogers Proposes Trade Development Pro- gram in Connection With Relief Measures—Many Obstacles to Be Confronted—Matter Will Be Broght Before Congress. BY WILL P. KENNEDY. OW to feed the countless thou- sands in China who are facing starvation, with the surplus wheat _production of the United States, and thereby pre- serve a population capable of tremendous consumption, win their good will and open up to American commerce one of the largest, most thickly settied and richest areas on the earth, is a prob- | lem that is being carefully studied for legilative action in the next session of Congress | Representative Edith N. Rogers of Massachusetts, who for several years | has been recognized in the House for leadership in putting through a trade | development program, is including the | Chinese situation in her program and | intends, as soon as she has the data | at hand, to introduce a resolution in | Congress. She has been in conference | with President Hoover, who expressed | sympathetic interest and advised her that he had requested a Red Cross | commission to make a epecial and in- | tensive study for him on the needs and | best methods of relief, and especially on | the very perplexing transportation prob- | lem of how to get the food relief to | those who need it most. Other Surveys Made. The State and Commerce Depart- ments have also made surveys at Mrs. Rogers' request and some of their re- ports have emphasized the appalling conditions and the opportunity for this country not only to relieve suffering humanity in dire distress, but at the same time to develop a market for the urplus wheat crop of the Western States and the numberless commodi- ties manufactured in the New England and other Eastern States. The Red Cross commission to make & first-hand and intensive study for President. Hoover sailed for China on May 30. The members are Col. E. P, Bicknell, W. M. Baxter and E. J. Swift, They are to make an exhaustive inves- tigation and be ready to report by Fall er early Winter. Chinese relief has been the subject of earnest study by the Red Cross and the State Department for about two | years. Information from China tends to show that famine conditions exist in certain large areas. Closest to the ports of Haichow and Tsingtau in the Kiang. su and Shantung Provinces an exten. sive area centering about Tientsin, Hsu- chow, Linchens, Yenchaw and Tsining is one of the regions suffering with ac- tual famine. A much larger area al- ready swept by famine is in the Shensi and Kansu Provinces and raging from Sian to Liangchow and Kelung. Prac- tieslly all of the region between these two famine areas, running all the way from Hankow to Chihfenga and Sui- an up into Mongolia, have had poor crops and are experiencing food shortage. Other Questions Involved. But the Red Cross relief specialists have found that there are many other factors to be considered, such as trans- portation, security for workers and supplies, danger from banditry and other unsettled conditions, and, indeed, such & fundamental question as to whether & condition which has recurred so often can be met through voluntary emergency rellef measures, or whether & program of reconstruction and social readjustment extending over many years and involving governmental action, such as Congressman Rogers proposes, is required. ‘The State Department has turned over to Mrs. Rogers a comprehensive report received from the American eonsulate’ general at Shanghal. The | ‘Gtflplnmem mxunol'lndlormll‘\nn which | regards as entirely depe! how many individuals throughout China are actually confronted with famine conditions. The American Minister at Peking -cabled .in ‘February that the American advisory committee, acting in | that city as an_allotment committee for the China Famine Relief (with headquarters in New York), expressed | the opinion that conditions were such | as to permit of relief measures on behalf of 4,000,000 Chinese suffering | from failure of food supply due pri-| marily to natural, as distinguished from itical ‘causes. ‘The Minister stated hat he had no hesitancy in accepting this preliminary estimate of the re- levable famine area as a satisfactory basis for relief. ‘The State Department is informed, | however, that the total number of per- | sons in China suffering from want of | food is supposed to be greatly in excess of these figures. Information has reached the department that relief is being extended to famine sufferers in China by the Chinese government and by the International Famine Rellef| Commission, with headquarters in| Peking. Flour Demand Increases. Of extreme significance is omcmi information to the State Department that one of the most noticeable recent | tendencies is the increasing demand for flour, which appears to be replacing | rice as an article of diet among the poorer class of Chinese on account of the limited supply and increasingly high price of rice. Imports of wheat flour in China in 1913 from the United Btates were valued at $538,928, in 1927 at $1,324.994, and in 1928 at $1,227,880. A summary of official reports received by Congressman Rogers showing the advisability of supplying wheat to the famine-stricken areas in China follows: J. C. Huston, American consul in Shanghai, last November stated that reports from various outlying districts indicated serious shortage of food due | to the failure of crops on account of | droughts or locusts. The Wholesale Rice Dealers’ Association at Shanghai stated that the Kaingau Province crop is 60 per cent, the Chekiang and Kiangsi and Honan crops, 40 per cent; Anhui crop, 50 per cent; while Hunai one of the heaviest exporters of rice, is 30 per cent below normal. In the latter province the export of rice was prohibited from Nasember 4. The rice erop in Hupeh is also reported as almost | & complete faflure owing to the dryness of the season. Vice Consul Hinke at Canton on December 18 notified the department that for the province of Kwangsi the second crop of the current year js the worst in 20 y According to P. O. Nyhus. agricultural | eommissioner at Shanghai, in a dis-| patch on January 9, the dry season has prevented farmers in the Tientsin re- glon from sowing the normal acreage of Winter wheat,.and millers fear that | their supplies for the 1929 harvest will be small. Situation at Yunnanfu. Vice Consul Culyer B. Chamberlain, | at Yunpanfu, on January 19, reported | that a 70 per cent crop was harvested, | which is inadequate for the needs of the province, and rice importations from Tonkin, French Indo-China, were | resumed. It is probable that rice will | be brought into Yunnan throughout the Winter, he said, aithough the low pur- chasing value of the Yunnan dollar will tend to restrict purchases. Mr. Nyhus, in a report on January 26, stated that wheat flour production at entsin mills during the last six months of 1028 was only 40 per cent of the production during the corre- sponding six months of 1927, as mill operations have been greatly restricted by the scarcity of local and Shanghal ‘wheat. Consul Leroy Webber at Chefoo, on March 15, in a review for the year, said it had been exceptionally bad for the farmers. All cereal crops were 10 to 20 per cent under those of 1927. In- creased planting of peanuts was respon- ;'h;:dm the only normal crop pro- uced. American Consul Ernest B. Price, at | Anhui and the greater part of Kiang | are in anticipation of excellent Spring crops. Mr. Nyhus, on April 8, reported from Shanghai that “Flour is reaching the | famine districts of Northwest China via Hankow. but freight rates are al- most _prohibitive.” According to Commerce Reports for April 29, six of Tientsin's seven mills have closed for lack of wheat. Commerce Reports for May 6 say that a radiogram from the commercial at- tache at Peking brings encouraging news of a promise of fairly normal wWheat crop. According to Commerce Reports for May 20, "Abnormal low water in the Yangtze River is causing concern to shipping and severely handicapping the movement of cargo.” A United States Department of Ag-'s riculture report on the world wheat crop and market prospects, under date of May 18, says that the Orient has been an important factor in the wheal mar- ket this year. China has taken a good share. The flour imports for Hongkong in 1928 were the largest since 1924. An earlier United Stales Department of Ag- riculture Teport on December 22 had called attention to the closing of eight out of ten large flour mills in the Shang- hai district, due to crop shortages, and to the depletion of flour stocks, Excess Wheat Supply. The United States Department of Commerce makes no original compila- Man Behind ___(Continued_from First Page.) way. His ship was steaming quietly g the coast of Peru when it struck submerged and jagged reef. A yawn- ing hole was torn in the vessel and it proceeded to founder. Klein and the others were plunged fito the water with the wreckage. They floated till they had the good fortune to be picked up by & South American tramp steamer which was carrying—of all things—a tawdry little circus and menagerie. Animals and scrobats mingled, now, with able seamen and attaches in dis- tress. Mangy lions and tigers were among the new shipmates of the Amer- 0 “commercial scout”—for this wa the kind of “dinky” little circus t couldn’t afford first-rate specimens, Klein slept on the deck beside & pack- ing case housing & “king of beasts,” who sported on his head & bump about the size of & coconut. At the Departs ment of Commerce in Washington Klein had always interested himself in prob- lems of stout, dependable packing cases. He had special reasons for such interest no! acking case, do your duty,” was his bedtime prayer. Finally he got to Chile and started (as he thought) to cross the mountains on his way to Buenos Aires. But it su, | ! | tion of the production of wheat in the | United States or other countries, nor of stocks of wheat on hand in various positions, but has made & special sur- vey at the request of Representative | Rogers. This shows in the United States an excess as of April 1 of about | 85,000,000 bushels in 1929 over 1928. | In support of her resolution for re-| habilitation work, and the opening up | of the world's greatest trade opportu- | nity for American commerce, Mrs. Rogers quoted from a letter sent to all Red Cross Chapters on November 22, last, by John Barton Payne, chairman, | relative to famine relief for the nine | provinces of Honan, Hupeh, Shantung, | Chihli, Shansi, Charbar, Suiyuan, Shensi and Kansu, where probably 12,000,000 people need assistance. ‘The American Red Cross is in full Relief of the fam: ine sufferers in China to be effective will be & long-drawn-out undertaki involving _rehabilitation on & 1 | scale. It 18 comparable, perhaps, to the work of the Near East Relief, and to that belng done by Jewish )Ahll«u-l thropy in Russia.” | ‘The prospects are that important | | United States Government action to solve once and for all the recurring | famines in China will be taken in the December session of Congress—in such a way as to open up to Ameriean farmers and American factorles the world's largest undeveloped commercial prospect. Our Exports director of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce ought to go out | every once in a while and direct. He, therefore, assigned himself the periodical task of giving such direction to foreign and domestic commerce alike. He made | innumerable trips abroad. They had a multiplicity of purposes. He wanted to meet his fleld force face to face. He wanted to learn their problems at first | hand. He wanted to sniff about foreign | commercial parts for himself, He | wanted to see what our great com- | mercial rivals were doing. | One of Dr, Klein's favorite practices | while director of forelgn and domestic | commerce was to assemble his overseas | field forces at given points once a year or once every 18 months and canvass with them in conclave assembled the whole international economic situation as it was useful for the United States to know it. The results were vast, prac- tical and prompt. Klein came home with ever-freshened “orientations” of conditions abroad and equipped to pass |them on, hot off the griddle, to the American business world, Also a Fluent Speaker. ‘The young California economist hap- pens, with all his other talents, to be a | fluent speaker. Boards of trade, cham- was Winter then and he ran into one | bers of commerce, Kiwanis and Rotery of the worst blizzards in the history | of these lofty passes. ‘Tne train could | Clubs, schools of economics, colleges, universities, even women's organizations, not. on. Klein was compelled to| with an interest direct or indirect in | —has been’ devoted to “selling” the idea contain himself as patiently as passible | for many weary weeks in the foothills | of the giant range until the Andes even- | tually concluded to “unfreeze them- | selves.” While Klein was assistant professor | of Latin American history and eco- | nomics at Harvard, he made & unique study of the history and importance of the “Mesta"—the sheep raisers’ guild or | wool trust of Spain. This organization rhyed an important part in Spanish iistory. It was used by each of the nron?er soverelgns in turn to carry on a prolonged struggle against the anclent traditions of Spanish separatism and to wark toward & united peninsuls. Its rise synchronized with the successful | efforts of the warrior monarchs of (he Reconquest to wield their newly won dominions into & nation. Its decline began with the collapse of the monarchy and the triumphs of sep- aratist influences under the seventeenth century Hapsburgs. For us America the main point of interest in connect with this wool guild is the fact that funds derived from it had a large part in making possible the discovery snd conquest of America by Columbus, Cor- tes, De Soto and their gallant cotem- poraries, The old tale of Isabelia's | pawning her jewels belongs, Dr. Klein says, in the domain of myth. All the | phases of the Mesta’s history, Klein traced in detail in the 400 pages of a published work, Believes in Destiny of U. 8. Julius Klein, it goes without saying, 15 | & profound believer in the commercial destiny of the United States. Vast as is our predominance s & trading Nation, he does not think we have even approxi- | mated the zenith of our possibilities in | the marts of the world. He consid- ers there is no richer field of opportu- nity awaiting the young men of Amer- ica than the exploitation of our trade openings abroad. Perhaps if he were to take the witness stand and confess where he thinks our most brilliant fu- ;ure lies he would point to Latin Amer- ca, Dr. Klein is himself the United States’ foremost authority on Latin American trade. In 1912, 1913 and 1914 he was conducting investigations in Latin American and Spanish history and eco- nomics, visiting all the principal ar- | chives of Central and South America and Spain for the purpose. During the World War he was chief of the | Latin American division of the Depart- ment of Commerce, and in 1919 and | 1920 was United States commercial at- tache at Buenos Ayres. It is because of this long, intimate and first-hand experience with the af- fairs of the sister Americas that Dr. Klein looks hopefully in their direc- tion with respect to widening opportu- nities for American business. The next few years are destined to witness a first- class American-European scramble for Latin American markets, It accords with the fitness of things, as well as with this country’s competitive neces- sities, that & man of Julius Klein's highly specialized equipment should be on,the Assistant Secretary’s job in the | department. Part of Julius Klein’s time during the last eight years—a very extensive part | of foreign trade to the American bus ness world. In the past there has been a tendency upon the part of our mer- chants, manufacturers and exporters generally, including even our farmers, | to look upon foreign business as a sec- ond-rate or third-rate proposition, worthy only of passing consideration. | Month in and month out Julius Klein | has preached the folly of so casual & concept of overseas commerce, Foreign Trade Established. Here is the gospel he has spread: | “Forelgn trade is & business stabilizer | and stimulus, It is & well tried expedi- ent for taking up the slack of sessonal or other depression—a means of creating employment for workmen-—a rich field or | €nergy, our resources, our commercial skill and acumen, It means vast added sums for American pay envelopes and savings accounts. To & large group of far-sighted manufacturers export selling means precisely the difference between porfit and loss on their activities as a | whole, It insures the full-time opera- tion of plants, with consequent stability | of wages, prices, transportation and | other vital economic elements. Export is, therefore, and will be more and more, a factor in modifying any dangerous dips in our industrial ‘curve.’ To chanj the figures, it is being appreciated in- i new methods of transportation through the profitable application of our | trade, soon learned that the Department of Commerce contained a man who could elucidate that subject in understandable term: So Julius Klein found himself in incessant demand from coast to coast for public addresses on foreign and do- mestic commerce. Every corner of the Republic in recent years has heard him discuss it in terms which seldom failed to_stir the imagination. He will never know, for instance, the number of ambitious’ young men—and women—who have been encouraged to enlist in the grand army of American trade, particularly in the international fleld, ‘as the result of Klein's missionary work on the platform, at the banquet board or in thg conventions of national commercial organizations of all sorts. A university man himself to the fin- gertips, with the triple background of arvard, Berlin and the Sorbonne to his intellectual credit, Klein is con- vinced that business offers an ever- widening fleld of opportunity for the college-bred youth of America. The trade of the world has become a high- ly complicated and even scientific affair, Gone forever is the day when it can be cultivated haphazardly. The trained mind has the best chance, in Julius Klein's judgment, of tackling it effec- tively. His own career is a symbol of the soundness of that theory. Government and Business. One might fancy that Dr. Klein's in- timate identification with the business branch of the United States Govern- ment had inspired him with a convic- tion that it is the prerogative of Gov- ernment to concern itself more and more with the affairs of business, He holds quite the contrary to be true. Addressing the recent annual meeting of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States in Washington, Dr. Klein said: “The circumstances out of which our Nation grew—in fact, the various stages of its evolution—all contributed to our fine individualism in business, that careful segregation of Government authority as much as possible and in so far as it involves any hampering of in- dividuality in business _enterprise. ‘There was in our country & lack of the caste system which in the Old World has done so much to keep down indi- vidual enterprise, and as we began the ‘winning of the West' and the move- ment_across the country continued in one wave of pioneering energy after another, we continued to strengthen this spirit of intolerance toward bu- reaucracy and paternalistic control. t then became evident that the attainment of wealth by production had become more worthy than a depend- ence upon ancestral legacies. Business was glorified as it never had been be- fore in the history of man, It was no longer a crime to be creative, to reach out and utilize material resources and open up the way for civilization. “It should be doubly gratifying to us today that that same initiative has abundant opportunity at this time, even though the fiwdier has disappeared— aboundant opportunity in the astound- ingly magic achievements in chemistry, the opening up of new industries, like rayon and radio, and a host of other entirely novel developments, including the air and under the water—all of which, as I see it, is but a continuation of that fine ploneering instinct of our people which has so long found its ex- pression in the principle of business operation, so far as possible, by itself, with a minimum amount of intrusion or restriction on the part of Govern- ment, except only in far as grave public interests dictate.’ Large Factor in Economic Life, Practical idealist, dreamer, scholar, this international business go-getter of Uncle S8am’s is bound to remain a tow- ering factor in the economic life of America. Saturating all Julius Klein's reflections and plans is an invincible optimism, He comes home from a trip Europe—a periodical close-up of business conditions “over there"—and reports them on the up grade, with a war-wracked Old World making steady momentum in the direction of commer- cial normalcy. A smaller mind than Klein's would interpret Europe's eco- nomic come-back as a portent of gloom for the United States, but Klein's vision MR! Who is working en a plan to send U EBDIPH NOURSE ROGERS. Inited States surplus wheat to China, T Contrary to & theory long held, the Atlantic seaboard is not sinking into the sea. Recent investgiations, the outcome of research at Columbia Uni- versity, prove the stability of the coast, accroding to & statement made public at Columbia. “As early as 1849 the eminent British geologist Sir Charles Leyell published evidence he had collected in America indicating that our Atlantic coast was slowly sinking,” the statement says. “This theory was strongly supported by the director of the Geological Sur- vey of New Jersey, Dr. George H. Cook, and other geologists have concluded that the Massachusetts coast is sinking | at the rate of 1 foot & century, the| New Jersey coast at the rate of 2 feet a century and other portions of the continent'at similar rates, Conclusions Doubted. “More recent investigations have thrown doubt on the conclusions of earller students of the question, but| the matter is still debated. Hence any new studies of sea level and its rela-| tion to the coast are of unusual| interest. “Several years ago the division of geology and geography of the National Research Council initiated a project of sea level studies in New York waters which has Tecently been completed. “The success of the undertaking must be credited to several agencies which generously co-operated with the Na-| tional Research Council to make the study possible, particularly the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Department of Docks and the Depart- ment of Plant and Structures of New York City. “The investigation was the outgrowth| of researches on coastal problems which have been carried on at Columbia Uni- versity with the aid of grants from the university's special research fund, and was designed to test the theory that along an irregular coast mean sea level is not an absolutely level plane, but is | irregularly distorted, and varles In alti- tude with changes in the form of the| shore, Apparent Changes Deceptive. “For this reason it is belleved that ap- parent changes in the relative levels of | land and sea are often deceptive. Thus | a supposed subsidence of the coast may | really indicate nothing more than a | local variation in sea level due to some | change in the form of the coast caused | by waves and currents.” The following facts, the statement continues, are taken from a report on | the investigation recently prepared for | the National Research Council by Prof. Douglas Johnson of Columbia Univer- sity, the report including a discussion of tidal studies submitted by Paul Schure- man of the Coast Survey: “Jamaica Bay was selected for the mean sea level studies because it of- fered moderate rather than extreme conditions favorable to variations in the height of mean sea level. From the physiography of Jamaica Bay and its surroundings it was predicted that the differences found would be ‘very small, &t most & very few inches and possibly only fractions of an inch.' It was thus considered quite possible that the maxi- mum values might not amount to an inch. Changes Larger Than Expected. ! “Tidal studies at three stations in the bay prove that actually the difference | at one station amounted to 2.04 inches, | at the other two stations to .72 and .84 | inches respectively, as compared with | mean sea level at Fort Hamilton. { In the light of these results it is be- lieved that much greater distortions of | the mean sea level plane must exist at | many points along our coast, Where ! conditions are much more favorable to such distortions than in Jamaica Bay. Changes in the form of the coast woul necessarily cause the distorted areas to| rise or fall, giving fictitious indications of changes in land level. { “Special interest attaches to & long serles of tidal observations at Fort Hamilton. These cover a perlod of 35 years, 1893 to 1927. When the data were | tabulated for this locality it was found | that such apparent variations of se: level as were observable were all within the limits of local fluctuations easil produced by weather conditions, changes in shores and channels and other purely local causes. Difference of Only 0.01 Foot. “The lverlxe position of mean sea level for the first five years of the 30- year period 1898-1927 differed from that of the last five years by only 0.01 as a result of Europe's rehabilitated commercial structure. is of a different caliber. With the set- tlement of the vexing reparations ques- tion and the clearing of decks for com- petition of unprecedented intensity by European manufacturers, Dr. Klein is rosily confident that American export- ers will be fully prepared for such creasingly. not As & panacea, but rather as a mild, sustaining stimulant to our Nanking, on March 31, reported that hrmn‘x.;‘ in the Nanking consulsr dis- trict, which camprises the pr of industrial organism.’ wivel-chair Gov- decided Dr. Klein 48 not ernment 0! He that the development. Improvement in Old World buying power, he afirms, is bound to bring to American business benefits that will outweigh any losses the United States can polzlbl: sustain Julius Klein now sits in what is known at Washington as “the little cabinet.” No bigger man than he oc cupies any of its portfolios or one of more vital importance to this Nation of business. President Hoover has far- reaching plans for trade expansion, poth at home and abroad. In their fructifi- cation all Washington knows that he will lean heavily on the scholar-state: man whom he recently appointed As- ATLANTIC SEABOARD STABLE, AND IS NOT SINKING INTO SEA Supposed Subsidence May Indicate Nothing More Than Variation of Sea Level Due to Currents. sistant Secretary of {oog or little more than one-tenth of an inoh. “Obviously there is nothing revealed in the Fort Hamilton record which can be taken to indicate a progressive rise of the general sea level or a progressive subsidence of the land. The results of the study are to be published in a full report which will serve as a basis for & future determination of mean sea level in the New York region 50 or 100 years from now. “Aside from its theoretical, sclentific interest in the matter has some practi- cal bearings. Title to lands submerged by the sea is lost by the owner if the submergence is due to natural causes, but not if the submergence is caused artificially. Useful to Engineers. “Legal controversies have arisen ‘n which the title to lands valued at mil- lions of dollars depended upon demon- strating the precise cause of a recent coastal submergence. Since an increase of even a few inches in water depth along a coast greatly increase the vigor of wave attack upon coast protective works, the engineer desires to know whether or not the land is really sink- ing. Apglrenlly the latest studies of the problem are reassuring on this point.” The committee of the National Re- search Council in charge of the investi- gation consisted of the following mem- bers: Dr. Isalah Bowman, director of the American Geographical Society; Prof. Nevin M. Fenneman, University of Cincinnati; Prof. Douglas Johnson, Co- lumbia University; Capt. R. S, Patton, United States Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey, chairman. | Illiteracy of Males 2 In Japan Decreases About 50,000 young men who have reached the age for compulsory mili- tary service in Japan are unable to read and write, according to information made public by the ministry of war. The figures were compiled from the records made during the annual mobili- zation of new soldlers in December. While education is required by la there are many who, for economic rei sons or because of official carelessness, evade the law and do not go to school long enough to master the rudiments of character writing. The number of those who cannot read and write is about 10 per cent of the total, aproximately 500,000 men being summoned every year as prospective fighting men, The situ- ation, however, is really improving, fig- ures showing 54,000 illiterates in 1927 and also in 1926. Most of the illiterates come from eountry districts, where it is hard for them to get to government schools and where attention to erops and other work put demands on the time of the young men far more than is known in the cities. Honolulu Officials Make Melting Pot Tllustrating the cosmopolitan charac- ter of Honolulu, the city government is I‘ “melting pot of races” of no small size. ‘The mayor is part Anglo-Saxon and part Tahitlan—an engineer, Stanford graduate and classmate of Herbert Hoo- ver, One of the supervisors is full- | blooded Chinese. Another is Portuguese. Several are Anglo-Saxons, Hawalian mixtures with other races are seen in many offices, The new city attorney, who is part Hawailan and part Irish, has appoint- ed several deputies, one of whom, Wil- {fred C. Tsukiyama, is of Japanese blood nd & graduate of the University of Chi- Another deputy is of Chinese ‘This same mingling of races runs through all the city departments. Of, course, all of the city officers and em- ployes are American citizens, and the race mixtures produce good results both mentally and physically. Store Kept 40 Years As Son’s Secret Shrine ‘The secret of a little general store in an English village, shuttered and closed for 40 years, has been disclosed on the death of its owner. Flaxius Jo- sephus Wilkinson had left the store ab- solutely unaltered since the death of his father, Calendars and papers of the year 1893 were found, and on the coun- ter was a pair of old-fashioned scales. ‘There was also a yardstick that had evi- Sently been used for measuring cloth, nd the medicine bottles, tea canisters and jars were as the old man had left them—even the jacket of the old shop- keeger still hung on the wall. Few per- sons knew of this remarkable instance of § son’s devotion to his father's mem- ory."\The son had been left comfortably v{ll<off, but he carefully dusted and: the littlastore and lived for many o in the hose ediziningit.” 1S 3 5 929 —-PART 2 REVIEWS OF SPRING BOOKS ;The Latest Work of Du Bose Heyward — The Story of the Automobile—A Variety of Volumes Has Been Re- ceived From the Publishers. BY IDA GILBERT MYERS. MBA'S DAUGHTERS. By Du Bose Heyward, author of “Porgy,” etc. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Co. WO unforgettable women emerge from this novel.” At its close a third one also is on her way Negro woman, al’. The City of Charleston backs this black business. An earlier Charleston, this, which Du Bose Heyward brings fo ward bodily, so to speak, much as one lifts & rare old garment from its chest of lavender. Within it, the aromatic fragrance, upon it no change save a faint yellow tinge, like the glamor of time and distance. Here is the old Charleston, steeped in the brew of its own climate and soil and growths of | tree and vine so oddly exotic in look | and habit. Bred, also, in its adroit ac- | commodations to the moods and tem- | pers of the sea beside which it has thrown in its lot. Suspended in a curi- ous immobility of social exclusions, of | pleasant ceremonious ways, of gently firm resistance to encroachments from without. A background redolent of an older order, portrayed to give fair in- terpretation of the matter in mind. And that matter is Mamba, her girl Hagar, and the little granddaughter, Lissa. The end of the matter, even from the beginning is Lissa. No man appears In this family group. There is no man in it. It is as if out of some far sources of richly fecund life, po- tentially self-germinating, these three had sprung from the mothering earth itself. Old Mamba is the master spirit here. And a quite wonderful figure she is. Every heart beat of this Negro woman is for the little Lissa. The child must have her chance, , by wile and guile and a thousand of useful service Mamba takes on & family, rich white folks. must, according to the gospel of Mamba., Then, Hagar—like some great prehis- toric creature—gigantic, slow moving, irresistible as & force of nature. Be- wildered, llke something blind hnd dumb to strange surroundings. Hagar, | MA working in the phosphate mines, doing | & man's part, Being & man—till under stress of danger or hurt to a fellow | worker Hagar's eyes grow soft and | mothering and the huge bulk becomes a woman, careful and tender. Hagar—dumb and heavy of approach, yet swift and sure in action—becomes through the vicissitudes of this story the sacrifice which, at far intervals and under many forms of demand is exacted from the human. Wanderful Hagar! Down into the very heart of pity does she sink for her devotion so blind, so true, so unfaltering Lissa was in danger. Lissa must not come to harm. The great story—great in its sym- pathy, great in its communicable art —moves forward to Lissa’s hour. An hour of victory. An hour of high obli- gation as well. For now Lissa is a Teat singer, standing before the criti- | old Becomes quality as a Negro| dilettante to support a wife. He can-) not. That is, at first he cannot. And much of the business of the well de- vised romance is the schooling of this youth to the matter of rents and furni- ture and food and clothes. Now, in all the world there is no greater strain upon the sanctity of the home as it/ is call:d, than just this, You ask any | woman you know, Ask yourself. The ! wanys and means employed in this story ting true. And the outcome is & plaus- | ible one, the only one with people of this stamp. An excellent novel, excel- lent in its imagination and workman- ship, N FOUR FACES OF SIVA. By Robert J.| Casey Indianapolis: The Bobbs- | Merrill Co. | CIVILIZATION dead and buried, | lost even, works potently upon the | imagination of even average man. The Mayas coming to the surface of Yucatan through soil-deposit and jungle | provide romance and -adventure that | many a stirring above-ground mattes | falls” to secure. And here, away off | | across the world, there comes to the | ight of day by way of Robert Casey— | | traveler, adventurer and recorder, a very | marvel of a matter about the long- | burfed city of Angkor, about the lost | civilization of the Khmers, discovered | far beneath the jungles of Cambodia. Many kinds of man. Mr. Casey brings | all of himself to this great quest and his |account of it. Gusto, the taste of ad- venture is here. Zest in its pursuit goes |along. ‘Triumphs of discovery, here and there, become shouts of joy or songs of praise. For, you see, the man is & poet, too. He is, moreover, a drama- tist setting out in passing scene and act | the high points of his journey. Oh, yes, | a sober scientist as well, careful in his | findings, painstaking in his accountings. And yet, upon this momentous business | of discovery in respect to facts calcu- | lated to stir scholars and investigators, | the man’s mood is largely that of the romanticist building a first-class detec- tive yarn us)on the mystery of & van- ished people. And it works. The method and the mood together in a way that offers readers an out-faring of tremendous stir wherein moving pic< tures of gorgeous colors by, where- in poetry asserts its right to beautify the past with a radiance that moves it up into the present. A pageant, this, for the delight of any reader. A record, too, for the widening of his field of in- formation. It is the sort of book that induces high praise. Read it. You will be sure then to join the chorus of ap- proval and appreciation. * kK | THE GREAT REVOLT IN CASTILE: A Study of the Comunero Move- ment of 1520-1521. By Henry Lati- mer Seaver, A. M. Illustrated. Bos- ton: Houghton Miffiin Company. ’A BOOK for the special student of history. A big book, sourced in ex- By E. B. W. New York: Harper & Bros. FROM DUSK TILL DAWN. By Wil liam Garrett. New York: D. Appleton & Co. THE BOOK OF BETTE; Recording Further Experiences of the Family Urruty Among the “pains and Else- where. By Eleanor Mercein, author of “Basquerie.” Decorations by B. L Cuming. New York: Harper & Bros THREE POINTS OF HONOR. By Rus- sell Gordon Carter. Illustrated by Harrie Wood. Boston: Little, Brown : Co. AVIATION AND ALL ABOUT IT; An Extremely Simple and Thoroughly Practical Exposition of all the Various Branches of Aviation. By A. Frederick Collins, member Royal Aero Club of Great Britain, etc. Illustrated. New York: D. Appleton & Co. | FRANCE; A Short History of Its Poli. tics, Literature and Art from Earliest Times to the Present. By Henry Dwight Sedgwick. Illustrated. Bos- ton: Little, Brown & Co. RELIGION AND THE MODERN AGE SERIES—RELIGION IN AN AGE OF SCIENCE. By Edwin A. Burtt, Ph. D., author of “Principles and Problems of Right Thinking,” etc. New York: Prederick A. Stokes Co. GINGER. By Maria Sias, author of “Lois Mills,” Minneapolis: The Mid. west Co. | THE PLANTATION BELLE, And Other Stories. By Julia McLemore Dimick. Boston: The Christopher Publishing House. | THE PUBLIC LIBRARY Recent accessions at the Public Li- brary and lists of recommended reading will appear in this column each Sunday. Fiction. Cobb, I. 8. This Man's World. Oliver, J. R. Vietim and Vietor. Raine, W. M. Texas Man. S8medley, Agnes. Daughter of Earth. ‘Warner, S. T. The True Heart. Wast, Hugo, pseud. Peach Blossom. | Wast Hugo, pseud. Stone Desert, ‘Wren, P. C. Good Gestes. Botany. Clements, Mrs. E. G. S. Flowers of .Coast and Sierra. NR-C593fa. 8mith, G. M., and others. A Text Book of General Botany. N-Smb54t. ber, O. L. Principles of Plant Physi« ology. NB-R 11p. | Thomas, W. 8. Field Book of Common Gilled Mushrooms. ND-T36. Van Schaick, John. Nature Cruisings to the Old Home Town and the Little Hill Farm. MY-V36n. | Colleges and Universities. E.l music lovers of the metropolis. | haustive research, in much of first-hand ' American Association of University Pro- Like some triumphant angel “““‘“', her way into heaven, or out of it, this | beautiful maiden, all bronze and bloom, | faces her "hlfx (‘00‘ as did Mamba and | agar meet theirs. gll“ld by her race in its power to be- queath to America the glorious legacy of music—a music native, sourced the blood of her African forebears, im- measurable in its promise of beauty and power. Or, to strive in futility to merge herself with the white people, denying her birthright, selling her great gift, her great opportunity. Which? A beautifully great novel before which one gtands in humll\l{ and grati- tude—in awakening, as well, * Kk K ‘What to do? To | MEN, MONEY, AND MOTORS: The, Drama of = the Automobile, By Theodore F. McManus and Norman Beasley. New York: Harper & Bros. SHIHERAZDI is out of it for good and all. That's plain. the girl deserves no end of praise for so artfully saving her own head from the vengence of old Shahriar for “a thousand nights and & night” by her gift for making up fantastic and en- grossing stories. What a change time has worked. Today, a mere thing on wheels, an automobile, in the hands of two young men who are striving to keep to the bare truth, serves to make Sheherazade look like no more than 30 cents in modern currency. Well, here is the wonder tale of the rise and triumph of the automobile and the motor industry in the present day and age. Invention triumphant, growth of the industry, rivalries, competition, suc- cess for many, failure for a few, busi- ness methods applied to this particular issue, measures of financing the enorm- ous business, the effect of the motor on daily life, on expanded communica- tion, on the increase of international business for this country—indeed, the full sum of fact in respect to this im- mediate matter stands out here in terse and pungent business attack up- on the entire subject. A personal book crowded with men whose names stand for one or another aspect of the great enterprise. An intimate disclosure bringing into the open many a trans- action of momentous scope whose story is worth while, not only in respect to the motor itself, but in an illumination of business attitudes and methods gen- erally. Not only Sheherazade with her made-up life: ing tales, but old Homer himself counting his ships in such sonorous namings, is doomed to complete forgetfulness and under.the clang of names now famous. No, not to begin them would never do. Stand on the curb and you will see this roster of successful business men go whirling by on their ways over the world. With these stories of men and “makes” here, also, is the legend of| Detroit, Gargantuan city of the auto- mobile. An engaging pair of annalists. these, who like two boys give the “Hail and Farewell” of “We hope you will like the story.” We do. * % % X CLOUD BY DAY, By Pauline Stiles, author of “The Crooked Stick,” etc. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Co. THE married state is fast overtaking courtship as theme for the novel With the emergence of the wife as full partner in the business of matrimony the theme takes on possibilities of drama and Interest that did not exist when a wife was merely an anachron- istic tag-end of Oriental conception and custom. Such expansion of mind the practice increases the assets of the novelist immeasurably. Courtship, turned and twisted by earnest and ingenious novelists was, nevertheless, getting thin and threadbear as ma- terial for his art. Then, with the opening of the world generally for women, the novel, too, enlarged its borders to admit this new outlook. Here is & good example of the nov of marriage. But, first, romantic courtship and a most interest- | ing one. Interesting by virtue of the | fact that here is a critical writer, an intelligent woman, a dramatic artist, & quick-witted, ready, sophisticated | person who knows how to endow her | characters with the good gifts that the gods have granted her. So, there are no empty people in this story—a selfish mother, a questing divorcee, a nice girl, & successful business man, elderly and masquerading for the moment as & wooer, and a very charm- ing and rather futile young man. Each stands on his own feet. Not one of these spills over into another through the author's inability to keep her characters each in possession of him- self, A beautifully romantic love affair in Italy serves the double purpose of disappointing the elderly man who himself wanted the girl, indeed was already engaged to her, and of testing 123 pbIly" of the young and captivating | in | stydent too commonly achieves. To be sure, | silence, | material, in a com?:um and scholarly organization of this material for the irue and balanced projection of a sin- gle episode in the reign of Charles V of Spalr. This is a scholar's offering w scewsars. Not in any sense, however, is it the arid document which thllgu’r: rather, the writer's full eonception of | & picturesque period and one significant, as well, in the subsequent history of Spanish dominion. It is a record of political intrigue, with the characteris- ties of such movements whenever and wherever they exist. In this sense the work takes on more general implica- tions and explanations than it contains in its literal connotation. Around Charles V cities and peoples surge in revolt on the one hand, in allegiance on the other. It-is the it game of empire that spreads re. _Spain, France, England, contestants for su- premacy in that world of the sixteenth century. An admirable chance for the student of special phases of history is offered here. The lay reader finds it too big, toa unilluminating of his own day for consideration. But, then, it is not made for the lay reader. But for the student, instead. W | * ok ok ok | MINOR SKETCHES OF MAJ. FOLK. By Dora C. Jett, author of “In Tide- water virginia” Richmond: Old Dominion Press. THI first stir toward this original little book rose from the old Ma- sonie burying ground of Fredericksburg, Va. Many names registered there seem- ed, to this author, to be of histeric con- tent, both to the people of Virginia and to the people of other States as well, Gathering these, the author made re- search among original documents, in library records, court files, old story and transmitted recollections for the pur- i jocal and national, for the advantage and interest of readers of today. The | result of such work, so intelligently and | so thoroughly carried out, is a eharm- | ing little volume of real worth in its | historic substance, of real information about certain conspicuous figures that have not hitherto received attention ac- cording to their deservings. To a stu- dent’s geal in pursuing a of re- liable facts concerning each of the characters here set out, the author adds a clear way with the story itself, making of this an interesting medium for the entirely worthy purpose underlying the adventure of research inspired by the old Masonic burying ground at Fred- ericksburg. BOOKS RECEIVED CRAFT WORK: A Series of Lessons in the Various Crafts for the Use of Student and Teacher. By Selena Cave, Instruetor in Basketry, Philadelphia School of Occupational Therapy. New York: The Century Co. IGH HAZARDS: A Romante of the Far Arctic, By Robert Watson, New York: Louis Carrier & Co. CITIZEN OR SUBJECT? By Fran-| cis X. Hennesey. Second Edition. New York: E. P, Dutton & Co, & THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF MAKE BELIEVE. By Maud Wileox Niedermeyer. Illustrated by Helen | Tilgner., * New York: George Sully & Co. | H of re-embodying these celebrities, [ fessors, Yale University Chapter. In- comes and Living Costs of a Univer sity Faculty. IX83-Am36. Caliver, Ambrose. Freshman Orienta~ tion. IX-C 12. Hawes, J. A. Twenty Years Among the | ‘Twenty Year Olds. IX83-H313t. | McConn, C. M. College or Kindergar« | ten? 'IX83-M 1835, | Minnesota University Institute on the Problems of College Education. b= lems of College Education. IX-M866. | United States - Bureau of Educatio Survey of Negro Colleges and Uni: versities, v. 1. IZN-Un30s." . | i Construction: Vaugh, Mason. Reinforced Brickwork. SDGD-V46. United States Bureau of Public Roads. Typical Plans for Steel Highway | Bridges. SDX-Un32. | Bauer, E. E. Plain Concrete. SDGF- B32p. White; C. E. Hollow-tile Construetion and Stueco Finjsh, 192¢. SDGD-W38. International Law. Bullard, Arthur. American Diplomacy in the Modern World. JX83-B87. Geneva Institute of International Rela- tiol Problems of Peace, second ; series. Ref, JXAR-G286a. Howard-Ellis, Charles. The Origin, Structure and Working of the League of Nations. JXAR-H830. Kenworthy, Hon. J. M. and Young, %:g!'& Freedom of the Seas. JXM- Mada, Salvador de. JXAR-M25. Miller, D. H. The Drafting of the Cove- nant. 3 v. JXAR-M613d. | Miller, D. H. The Peace Pact of Paris. 1 JXAR-M613p. United States Naval War College, New- rt. International -Law- Situations ;ll;\l Solutions and Notes, 1026. JYA- n3i. Disarmament. Memorial to Honor 3 Nations’ Fighters Alceo Dossena, Itallan sculptor, now enjoying world atterition for his in- credible ability to ‘imitate old master- pleces, has had another suceess, this time in his native city of Cremona. Dossena’s model for s monument to the Cremona World War dead has been approved and will be erect in the bltfint "1':“”: of the city. Of modern design, the memorial will be carved out of marble. It will be dedicated not only to the Italian dead but also to the Austrians and .Hungarians who succumbed in Cremona as war pris- oners. Thus the combiatants of three nations are honored by the same morument. Dossena’s conception em- bodies & tomb behind a foreground of three mathers symbolic of the respec uvl:‘ countries and .united In the sam¢ i | MATCHING MOUNTAINS _ WITH THE BOY SCOUT UNIFORM. Edward F. Reimer, New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. | HEROES OF PEACE. By Ethel Clere | Chamberlin. Tllustrated by Margaret | M. Head. New York: George Sully Co. | DAY AND TOMORROW SERIES— | . FISHER: Or the Puture of | Humor. By Robert Graves. Author | of “Lars Porsena, or the Future of | Swearing,” etc, New York: E. P. Dut: ton & Co. TODAY AND TOMORROW SERIES— HERMES, or the Future of Chemis< try. By T. W. Jones, B. 8¢, F, C. 8. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. TODAY AND TOMORROW SERIES— HERACLITUS, or the Future of Films, By Ernest Betts. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co. MORE OF MILLY-MOLLY-MANDY. | Told and Drawn by Joyce Lankester Brisley. New York: George Sully a} Co. THE GLORI-US GAME, or Seven Days of Planting. By Bertie Roberts Cha bers. New York: George Sully & Co. OFFICIAL GUIDE TO HARVARD UNI- VERSITY. Edited by Stewart Mitch- ell. Sixth edition. Cambridge: Pub- lished by the university. THE MD‘II COLD, and Other Poems. TOI MRS. YOURE —RENT Those That Are New and Popular WOMRATH Igtan.mw 4 WOMRATH'S s ECQHENC 1910 F et 2046 14k Street, K. We JANE BARTLET, 1603 Conneticut Ave., K. W M *