Evening Star Newspaper, January 8, 1928, Page 38

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Mornine Edition. b W*SFINGTON, D C.! .January 8, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. — e The Evening Star Newspaper Company . Business Oftice 11th St and . Penneyitania Ave, New Yo fice: 110 t ; Tower Building. 4 Revent St., Lo netand. ndon, Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star...........4oc per month Sunday ‘Star ayei te per manth 5 S day Sta : on made at ihe end ¢ S,Mmax be eent in by ‘mat 3000 e 1 er Mail—Payable in Advance. ryland and Virginia. ). 1 mo. Rate hxl Ma Daite Dy oniy Sunday wnty AV voand s Dary only Sunlay only her States and Canad anday 3 vel S TR . S8.00: 1 mo SH00T 1 . Member of the Associated Press. The Associated ¥ 18 PxChIsel ot 10 the ues for rep: a4 in this paper and also th Publiehad hercin. Al rights o ©f enovial disnatches hormin ame al — “Aggressive” Wars. ‘The Prench modification of Secretary Kellogg's proposal for a multilateral | treaty between the powers of the world, drafted with a view to outlawing war, should be and undoubtedly will be re- garded as a serious setback to the quest for world peace. The modification pro- posed is that the contracting parties re- nounce only “wars of aggression.” The American goal was a strong condemna- tion of war itself as a means of settling any differences which might arise be- tween the signatory powers. . The practical value of the entire plan would be forfeited were the Fréench al- teration accepted. For that value Hes, not in the probable efficacy of any treaty to hold two war-enthused na- tions apart, but in so strengthening a world-wide creed that modern warfare 1s too horrible a business to be resorted to under any circumstances, that the public of no nation can, in future, be propagandized to a point where it will endure war. * The treaties as promulgated by the State Department had this end in view. The modification suggested by Briand could not have had. For through his insistence upon the renouncement of only aggressive warfare he, by implica- tion, asserts that a nation is entirely justified in fightiny .wnat it believes to be a defensive we.. And if this con- tion that permits 685 stations on eighty- nine available wave lengths between the broadeasting limits. Only by am- ple authority, backed by the power of the Federal Gevernment, can the group of fealous broadcasters be kept from assuming absolute power. After all Of| those directly affected are the- great anonymious, silent” and ustially uncom- plaining people. But if radio went back to the days of 1026 with its peanut whistles ané heterodyning squenls, the cry for Federal control would far aut- volee the howls of the broadeasters, Is it not, after all. a public matter? And if there is a monopoly of & kind, is it not the benevolent monopoly that gives ood programs at no direct cost to the listener? And is it not axiomatic that a group of companles, backed by ample funds, regulated by the Federal Gov- ernment, do better work than those engagcd in unregulated competition? Cut-throat methods should not be tol- erated in radlo. It means too much to _ THE SUNDAY “Why I am the president of the. Blank Railroad,” answered the ensign, naming one of the Iargest rail lines in the United States. And then the one about Charles Lévine, the backer of Chamber- lin’s historio flight, turning to the man next him ‘at the luncheon table ‘after telling of his own exploits as the first transatlantic passenger and naively in- quiring. “Have you ever flown your- sel(?” To which Lieut. Albert Hegen- borger replied, “Why, yes, I have flown a bit. J was with Lieut. Lester Mait- land on the non-stop flight from San Francisco to Honolulu.” The moral of all this {s to learn the identity.of the person to whom you are talking before you talk too much and make yourself ridiculous. o ~ The Thamer Flood. An extraordinary condition prevails in London with.the Thames in flood. Never before in the history of the Brit- ish capital in modern times has such a public which has grown to regard radio 8s & necessity, and has thereby come to a better understanding of mutual problems and finer music. The present commissioners, who have been ' | sincere and honest in the face of many handicaps, should be confirmed and the life of the commission should be ex- tended for Another year, at least. The present problem is too complex and too involved to work out in the short space of twelve months. - ot - The Best Ocean Route. The National Aeronautical Associa« tion has before it the plan submitted by its president. Porter Adams. for ex- perimental transatlantic flights to de- termine the most feasible route for fu- ture overseas air service. Under the Adams plan the assoctation will spon- sor at least two round-trip flights this Spring and Summer on the theory that the ploneering work of Lindbergh and other successful overse’ flyer: lhuul'd be carried to its logical conclusion. I the association decides to go .through with what appears to be a de- sirable plan, valuable scientific data will b2 gathered, which will be of incal- . culable worth to future fiyers across the ocean wastes. In order to obtain’ this-information, however, the expedition would have to be prepared against the worst'possible misfortune from weather conditions and plane and engine difficulties, with the view of coming out intact. The plane could not be a “chance-taker” or a dependent upon luck, but would have to demonstrate, if humanly possible at the present stage of aeronautical de- velopment, that transoceanic flying.is safe from a commercial standpoint. eept is fostered rsther than repudiated, future wars are mavitable. ‘There is alreay no civilized nation which could successfully prosecute a confessedly aggressive war. It is even to be doubted whether this were pos- sible prior to the tragic lesson of 1914- 13i8. The task of the modern leader of public opinion, once he becomes con- viriced of the necessity of a war of any natyre whatsoever, is so to play upon the popular credulity as to persuade “his people that they are answering a bugle call sounded in defense of .the sacred national security, and honor. This can always be done. It will al- ways be possible through strategy and propaganda so to shape affairs as to - lead armies—each sincerely canvinced ©f the righteousness of its cause— against each other, until there becomes inbred in the hearts of all civilized men and women an unassailable conviction that no war, whatever extenuations may “ be advanced in its favor, is or ever can | be justified. In the light of history and common * the outlawing of aggreseive war by ireaty would be an empty gesture— end a backward step in that it would, by indirection, Indorse 2 war of another tp= In that same light the format repudiation of war of any sort, as pro- posed by Becretary Kellogg, would at l-ast serve to focus the world’s atten- tion upon the truth that civilization cannot survive another major confliet. It is only when that truth, combined with international tolerance and good faith. shall have rooted itself deep in the hearts of mankind that the menace under which we today suffer may be eountcd as removed. ———t e Tt may be necessary to remind politicat agitators who regard disturbance as passing pleasure that the Marines al- ways mean business. ———t— e Musieal shows now require stock- ings. Bare legs were once regarded as #n audacity. Now they are merely economy. — et The Radio Situation. Intensified by the announcement that ©n February 1 nearly half of the present number of radio broadeasting stations Wwill be denled Yeenses to continue op- eztion on the crowde! ether lanes, the Ao situation. with its criss-erossing tengled ambitions and its background of overbalanced financiel pyrainiding. is at last being brought out into the open, a little more than two months before the present Pederal commission 13 to cease its statutory existence. Al- ready a definite undercurrent of opin- iom. expressed by Benator Dill of Wash- Ington, eo-author of the 1927 radio act, 15 setting In toward extending the Mfe of the eommission bevord March 15, when it will expire under the present Jaw. . { | Aeanwhile. many broadessters, watch- 1ng the extension of chain programs s the tendency (o minimize the ef- farts of the lndividual broadesster, fore- £9% rudin of the future placed in the Fands of & Lght monopoly. They claim thiat the Radio Corporation of Americe donurates the Federal Radio Commiss sion wnd are centering their attack esgainst confirmation of the nomina- tions of three members of the commis- eion, Orestes H, Caldwell of New York, formwer magazdne editor; Bpm Pickard of Kansas, former browdcuster, and Harold A. La Fount of Utah, & business man, £y fitng the ntricste companents i m vexing purzge Into more complete barmony W relation W tie whole the eommission hes wided 1n a considorsble messure in relieving the situstion that wnisled during most of 1926 when Bu- pene Machonsld threw & monkey- wrench Wnto the machinery by “pirat- The assoclation could buy another Spirit of St. Louis and possibly per- suade Col. Lindbergh to duplicate his feat of last year, but it would not mean anything to business and transoceanic travelers. Thus, the plane would have to be prepared to.make forced landings at sea, being able, if the weather is not too severe, to float about until aid is given in response to an appeal from a bowerful radio set for ascistance. This would eliminate land planes altogether and -since the loss of several of this type in ocean flying attempts, plus Col. Lindbergh's declgration not to fly over long stretches of water in land planes, the airplane designed to land on the ground cannot hardly b. considered. Either a substantial flying boat of the type used by Gen. Francesco de Pinedo or of {"e Navy's PN type, each of which has demonstrated its -abifity to hold its own on the surface of the ocean, would appear desirable for the present. As the expedition is & “path- finding” one, there is no immediate necessity for landing at Croydon, or Le Bourget, when the English or Prench cuast line would do just as well. Furthermore, to realize some good from the ocean flying undertakings of the past year, the crew and the pro- posed lone passenger must travel in some degree of comfort, certainly more than that enjoyed by Lindbergh, Cham- berlin, Brock and Schlee, Maitland and Hegenberger, who, by the nature of their task, could afford to sacrifice personal desires for the achievement of their mission. i oy If w substantial flying boat or sea- plane can negotiate two °round-trip flights and if, as a result of these ocean tours, one route appears to be outstand- ing in favor of oversea flying, then con- sideration could bé given toward extend- ing the range of the planes to operate between Europe and America. ‘The Natfori will, therefore, await with considersble interest the decision of the assoclation to.embark on & safe and sane sclentific survey of ocean routes. Lindbergh and his fellow heroes have blazed the way between the Amer- ‘ean and the Buropean continents and it would ‘seem particularly fitting that a fational organization devoted te the promotion of aviation should carry on the work from where the ploneers Jett ofr. e ‘There ure hundreds of persons ih hos- pitals who are’daomed to denth-per- sons of the highest character and the most important, usefulyess. No public mention is made of them in the morbid annals of fame because they are not a disaster occurred. The deluge is due to an exceptionally heavy downpour of rain and the river was unable to carry off the freshet. Above London the waters flowed out into the adjacent fields and through the villages and ‘towns, but it was at the capital itself that the greatest damage was done: There the embankments, while holding for the most part, gave way sufficlently to let the current into the streets and at the latest reports twenty deaths re- sulted as the swift tide entered the houses before their occupants could flee. This abnormal condition is due in large part to the great height to which the tides rise at the mouth of the Thames. The tidal waters reach back as far as the locks above London. At the capital there is a fluctuation of many feet at times of unusual tides, and it appears that such are now oc- curring. The Thames is not a great river, but it takes the drainage of a large area. In normal conditions it is able to carry off the rainfall without any danger of inundation. The present catastrophe, which is still potent for further destruc- tion, is evidently due to the coincidence of abnormal rainfall and unusually high tides. —————— A fearless man is & wonderful asset in public affairs. Gov. Al Smith refuses to permit his sympathies to interfere with his conscience and thereby com- mands new attention to his availability as a leader. ———— The vital statistics show that a re- nmarkable percentage of the night club patronage has survived. It is not many years ago that prohibition statistics in- dicated that by this time all the night club patronage would be poisoned. vt ‘The idea of capital punishment for a woman was once regarded as almpst impossible. This form of penalty has become another point where feminine equality is fully recognized. ———. 8o many figures break into national prominenee during presidential years that the remarks of Mr. Tunney and Mr. Dempsey can scarcely be heard above the commotion. ——————— +In. discussing penalties of the law as well as in discussing public economics Gov. Al Smith demonstrates his ability' to remain in the attitude of a man who knows what he is talking about, ———tea— Having directed his army to drink nothing stronger than tea, 8andino may find himself obliged to take up prohibi- tion enforcement along with his other troubles, 2 ———t—atrs- There has been laxity in emmomj remembrances for Hindenburg. Such remissness is likely to be among the penalties pald for being an easy boss, ——————— Despite & “price war” there are still 8 few cars bullt especlally for the mo- torist who enjoys talking about the ex- travagant figure he paid. e — It has often been observed that there is an inexhaustible supply of work for that interesting allegorical myth, the “Fool Killer.” B Like many another artist, Lindbergh mekes his attainments appear so easy that he encourages too many amateurs S SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Affable Ananlas. There was & man who told a fib. ‘He made it plausible and glib And people said, “It must be true. At least we hope it is; don't you?" Another man the thought expressed Which he deemed Truth, A great unrest | Bwept through the crowd he meant to t rule, | We sald, “How could you be fo crocl!” Claiming Credit. “We have been told that you are In- different to your chance of a nomina- tion” “Polks really think I am Indiffer- undér sentence for homicide. D A Question of Identity, A modern version of the story about the guest at a large dance turning Lo the man standing next to him in the stag le and saying, “This & & rotten party, let us go down to the bar and et a drink,” and the man so addressed an wering, "I am sorry 1 cannot lesve, I am the host,” has just arrived by the aviation route. Clarence Chamberlin, the trapsatlantic fiyer and holder of the world endurance record, was ten~ derly supervising the towing of one of his small sport planes along Hudson boylevard In New Jersey recently, In a traffic fam he wis appro-ched by & policenian who said, "What 1s that thing? You certainly sre not going try to fly it, are you?” On being as- sured by Chamberlin that he intended o put it together and fly if, the police- man shruggsd his shoulders and sald, “Well, me 1ad, If 1t really files and you can besrn o fly it, perhaps I will take u ride with you some day. Let me know | how you ure coming on in your learn- g Of course, these little slories wre numerous. In war time there was one 1ug” & Canudlan wave length, snd wes susteined by the courts. The eommis- slon has not brought finel order oul of chaos, by any means, but it has helped materially in reducing interfer- ee 0 & MBI W View of 8 bilues awbout the newly commissioned naval ensign wio spplied o his commanding ofcer for & bifel turlough to “wind up his business affairs” “And what business have you that must he pet. Wed?” his supcrior Is sald Lo have ssked, ent?” sald Benator Sorghum, “Beyond s doubt " “Well, I may not rank as a record- breaking statesman; but I certatoly must claim credit for being & good actor.” Not Sufficlently Compaet. My brand-new motor car's a hit. Bame slight defects would cease Could T contrive to carry it Around in my valise. Jud Tunkins says it's gettin’ so that the calendar is most of what you see in print that you can positively belleve. With Chinese Apologles to Edison. ““The greatest dividends afforded by oll, id Hi Ho, the Bage of Chinatown, re enjoyed by the man who burna it long through the night for s light among his books," That Glorious Climate. “That man bragged continualiy!” “Don't blume him," replied Mias Oay- cnne. “He lives In Oslifornia," Finding the Way, When you seek the pathway oul Of this tangled world, some day, If you've heen & good old soout, You can surely Aind your wey. “I pamed dat boy ‘Cleorge Wash- e, " wald Uncle Kben; "but he don't tell de truth. If pames go by contrai- ries, I's gineler name de nex' ony Ansulss,” EVERYDAY BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D., LL. D., D. 0. TANUABY 8, RELIGION Bishop of Washington “New Trails.” “Let us pass over unto the other side.”"—Mark, {v.J5. ‘The spirit of adventure is common to all of us. Like Alexander of old, ‘e persistently seeking new worlds ta quer. While we respect and jteasura the incidents and expetiences 1of other days, we are.ever eagerly an« ticipating whigt is to be on the morrow. I8 would a sad situation if this were not . so,. hen Wwe come to feel that there 18 nothing new or fresh that lies ‘| ahead, that every trail has been blazed and every path tried, we take from life its zest and its enthusiasm and we ren- der existence humdrum and common- place. . There are those who walk so constantly and unfailingly in one path .that. they become literally ruts, ana ruts do not make for mental or physical exhilaration. A static condition 1s un- wholesome and unpromising. No mat- ter how humbly or lowly our lot in life may be, there is always the possibility of improving it. If this were not so, then progress would ccase and the world would stand still. ‘A spirit of ad- venture has marked every forward 'movement of the human race. Were it not for this we should still be light- ing our homes with tallow dips, travel- ing by horse-drawn stage-coaches, liv- ing our lives detached and unrelated to the world of large affairs, and pursuing & course that is colorless and uninter- esting. Because rmen have cared to seek out new trails, to forge ahead in spite of obstacles and seeming defeat, we are living in an age that is literally incom- parable and bewilderingly fascinating. We owe an incalculable debt to those fearless adventurers who have gone forth, sometimes not knowing whither they went, ever in quest of that which should mean the enrichment and bet- terment of life. More daring than the Crusaders of old were these men: more remarkable the results they attained than those that are chronicled in the tales of Jules Verne. A let-well-enough-alone policy means stagnation and arrested progress. Among the world's great benefactors Jesus Christ stands supreme. His brief three years' ministry finds no parallel in the history of mankind. At the very in- ception of His public ministry we read that “He came unto His own and His MORE MILK FROM own recelved Him not.” His whole way was beset with difficulties and at_the end of the road He saw a cross. Even those he gathered about Him failed Him \n His great crisis. Undeterred by every obstacle placed in His way, He moved majestically on to the great purpose He had in hand to accompiish. The Incident from which the above text is taken s strikingly illustrative of His methods. Having ministered to the multitudes that had come out to hear Him, He said to His disciples, “Let us pass over unto the other side.” With the certainty of an impending storm, He embarked Wwith His little company upon an overcast and clouded lake. Sudden- ly “therc arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship so that it was now full” In spite of the peril of the situation, we read that “He was in the hinder part of the shi asleep on a pillow.” Presently His di ciples aroused Him from His slumber £aying, “Master, carest Thou not that we ‘perish?” Then it was that “He arose and rebuked the wind and said unto the sea: Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.” That He designed this experi- ence to teach a great lesson is clearly obvious. Here, as in other notable cases, He would seek to make clear to His diseiples that life is a supreme ad- venture—an adventure in which trust in a _superintending and directing God, who" shapes events and directs the course of human affairs, s indispen- sable. TFor that which men call “chance” He would substitute conscious reliance upon God. He would remove the element of fear, and in its place would put Gbd-dependence. Such a philosophy of life rgnders it more ap- pealing and reassuring. What the year ahead has in store for any one of us, no one may venture to forecast. How shall we enter upon these new trails? How shall we approach experiences that may tend to try us to the utmost? Shall we not believe that life has defi- niteness of purpose, and that before each one of us, if we shall but seek to attain it, is a great objective? *Let us pass over unto the other side,” and let us do so with the sure confidence that if God be for us, who can be against us. We dare to cross over to the other side in sure confidence of that word spoken to one of old, “I, the Lord, will hold thy right hand, saying unto thee, Fear not, I will help thee.” FEWER COWS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. More milk each year from fewer cows is a slogan of the Dairy Industry Bu- reau of the United States Department of Agriculture. Why clutter up the farm with a cow that only supplies 4,500 pounds of .milk a year when you might lrave one with 40 per cent great- er production? And to impress you with what that increased production would mean it is exphained that if each cow in the dairy herds of the United States increased her production by so little as 100 pounds a year—not 3,000 pounds, mind you, but only a thirtieth of that—an addi- tional 2,000,000 people each year for the next 40 years could be supplied with as much milk as is now used per capita without increasing the number of cows in the herds. ‘That is to say, that the dairy herds which now number about 22,000,000 cows could supply milk for 80,000,000 more people by 1966 if the animals were bred and graded up to standards that are comparatively easy of attalnment. THe average cow, as has been stated, gives 4,500 pounds of milk & year, while the average cow in dairy herd improve- ment associations gives 7,600 pounds. But of the 22,000,000 milkers in- cluded in the Nation's dairy herds less than 2 per cent, or only about 400,000, are owned by members of dauy herd improvement assoclations and are tested each month for milk and butter fat production, enabling the owners to eliminate unprofitable cows f{rom the herds. In 1926, it is stated, on the basis of comparative records, 860,000 of these cows produced as much milk Bs 584,000 average cows and returned as much profi. over cost of feed as 640.000 average cows. “This increased production has been brought about by culling, feeding ana ! breeding," says Dr. C. W. Larson, the Government expert, “and thcre is no practical reason why all the cows in the country should not be:brought to this high average of production.” Big Increase in a Few Years. In 1920, the average annual produc- tlon of the cows in dairy herd Improve- ment associations was about 6,000 pounds of milk. By last year this pro- duction had been brought up to 7,600 pounds, or an average annual increase of more than 200 pounds. In view of that record it is not unreasonable to insist that the production of all the dairy cows in the country could be in- creased by at least 100 pounds annually. What can be done by breeding alone is shown by the results of experiments in grading up & dairy herd by the use f purebred sires at the Ardmore Ex- mental Station fn South Dakota e original herd of native cows had an average annual production of 202 nds of butter fat and an average muuon period of 238 days. ‘Their daughters, sired by & purebred Holstein bull, produced on the rage 240 pounds of butter fat in lactation period of 272 days, and their grand- daughters have advanced the marks to 315 pounds of butter fat in 326 days of lactation. And, speaking of butter, Dr. Larson's bureau tells the world that creamery butter Is rnrmly displacing farm butter. From 1904 to 1020 creamery butter pro- duction increased 60 per cent, and in the last six years there has been nn- other 60 per cent increase. Now cream- eries production approximates one and o n-lrmmon pounds, as compared with a third of that annual production in farm butter. Dr. Larson Kx;od!cln. how- ever, that there will not s great n decrense in farm manufacture with the corresponding increase in creamery manufacture during the nsxt five years as has occurred during the past five T y"’l‘h creamery business in the sec- tions elose to the large urban centers of the country is rapidly disappearing, ho says. The demand for fuld milk and cream I8 such an to require practically the entire output of the dairies in those sections. ‘The Northeastorn Btates, for example, which include the New Eng- land states, New York, Pennsylvania, Now Jersey, Maryland and Delaware produced niore than 24 per cent of the tal creamery butter made In the United Htates in 1004, but last year thelr production had dropped to slightly more than 2.6 per cent. Minnbvota Out In Front. n 1004 three Btates ~Minnesots, Wis- constn und Towa--produced 43 per cent of all the creamery butter made In the country, 8ixteen yenrs lator they had dropped Lo 36 per cent of the total national rrodunuon. but last year were baok again to the percenta shout two decnden ngo. To offsst the deore In croamery butter production in the Northeastern Hintes, there has been Inoreascd pro- duction fn the Houthern, Western and Centyal Biates, From 1004 to 1036 the Houthern Hiates showed an inerease from mbout two-tenths of 1 per eent of Wil the areamery butter made In th's country o 66 per oent of the total wmount, Ten Westarn Hlatea In the e gnrmd noreassd thelr production from DB per cent to 18 per cent, LN+ nols, Indlana, Ohlo and Miohigan n- orensed Lholr vwflmvunu from 19 to 10 per cent of the eountry's total, while Ansas, Nebraska, Missourt and Novth and Bouth Dakota made the greatest incrense in proportion of butler manu- | factured—from 10 per cent in 1904 to 19 per cent in 1926. But hearken to what Minnesota does. ‘That State now produces three and ones half times as much butter as all the 13 Southern States, for all the increase ncsota now produces twice as much butter as the Northeastern States pro- duced 20 years ago and over seven times as mucn as they now produce. Minnesota creamery butter production doubled from 1904 to 1920 and has dou- bled again since the last-named year Wisconsin now produces about the same amount of creamery butter as lowa, says Dr. Larson, but Minnesota produces 100,000,000 pounds more than either Wisconsin or lowa. Wisconsin has doubled her production in 20 years: Towa has increased two and a half times, while Minnesota has increased four and a half times. Big butter-and-egg_men who make an impression when they visit Eastern cities from now on wiil probably be those who register from somewhere in Minnesota. And, to return to statistics or com- parisons, it s to be noted that the States of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Towa now produce more creamery butter than was produced in the whole United States 20 years ago. One of the new things which the Fed- eral Burcau of Dairy Industry is now doing is to provide a service for dairy farmers desirous of using effective and economical sterilizers for dairy utensils. The bureau announces that it is now in a position to furnish dairy farmers with blue prints for the construction of the particular type of sterilizer which will meet their special needs and which can be constructed at minimum cost. vt Services to Industry By Commerce Department BY HARDEN COLFAX. Out of the deluge of requests by busi- ness and industry for special services from the Department of Commerce there will cast into the lap of Congress soon a bill to authorize contributions by private agencles to defray expenses of such activities, on the theory that those who benefit directly should pay directly. This does not mean that there is in- tent to curtail the general services of the department through which speeific benefits are given first to one group and then to another. But there have arisen sucli heavy demands upon the Depart- ment of Commerce for special services to selected groups of restricted scope of business or industrial activity that, in the case of some of the bureaus and divisions, all could not be granted even ;r:nlvflnu funds available doubled or ripled, ‘'ongress has taken cognizance of this situation. The debate in the House this week on the annual appropriation bill for the department has developed the thought that somewhere along the line of march a halt must be called. It is the legislative branch of the Qovern- ment this time, rather than private business, which is reaching out to re- tard the advance of Government (nto the fleld of business. LR In ita report to the House, the ap- propriations committee potnts out that to_grant all the requests for special services by the Department of Com- meree which were placed before it by spokeamen for large or small grou would require an appropriation, l':: lg: next flsoal year alone, of more than $2,000,000 above the Increases which the committes felt were justified in the general public interest. The committee definitely turned its face againat pleas for apecial surveys in the fleld of ecanomies for the benefit of reatricted groups, without attempt- ing to pass upon the merits of how x - slrable 1t might be to have the data thus sought. Hueh astudies, the com- mittee roported, more vm\un{ are “within the province of commerglal og- kunigations whose facllities are more national both i local agencies and scope, and much better adapted and more rightly concerned with suoh un- dertakings.” And at the same time the committee decried extension of the pragioe of sending specialised com- modity experts to the forelgn felds, re- queata for whioh were vevelved in l\r'o number. Inasmuch an business continues %o compliment the Department of Com- merce by req uunltu* ita wsalatance in incrensing volume, 1t i olear that at least some of the groups are willing to pay all expenaes i only the department will conduet the work desired, giving the provedp A the conelusions the clonk af govi ental sanction and . partiality. But leglslative authority s nevessary befure contributions for suoh W may be vecelved. Authority Nmited 1o o fow lines of work, cosoperative n nature. DR The proposal to authorise the depart ment ta reveive contributlons for sevvs toen (o red lhv u\uluu wid induatvial w..um undoubtedly will open wide oo ", fol ot of opinlon, 1n OCongress and out, as W e principle underlylng sueh pros 1928—PART _ they have shown in recent years. Min- | 2. ‘Capital Sidelights ‘The plan to build a permanent home for the Supreme Court, one of the three co-ordinate branches of Ciovernment, often referred to as the “balance wheel,” 1s appropriately explained in the annual report of the architect of the Capitol, and emphasizes that the Supreme Court of the United States, the most dignified and deliberate body in an the world, has been doing business here for 127 years in cramped and inadequate, not to say undignified quarters. . The court first convened here for business on February 4, 1801, when the oath was administered to John Marshall as Chief Justice. It held court fn a room 24 by 30 feet in dimensions. - At that time Washington had 109 brick houses and 263 frame buildings. The population at that time was about 3,000, as against some 540,000 today. The House and Senate then had 128 mem- bers, while today they number 531 ‘There were then only 126 Federal em- ployes in the Capital City. * X K % Visitors to the Capitol are greatly interested in the busts of the Vice Presi- dents which adorn the Senate wing. There are 28 of them and after ex- tensive research their history has been written by Charles A. Fairman, curator of art in the Capitol. Twenty of them are in the gallery of tife Senate cham- ber, six in the south corridor 8{ the Senate, one in the east corridor, and one (the first to be placed) ih the room of the Vice President. - * It was 43 years ago that this col- lection of busts was started. The noted Senator George F. Hoar of Massa- chusetts offered the resolution for thus memorializing the room in which Viee President Henry Wilson died oh No- vember 22, 1875.' The bronze tablet un- | der this bust was wotded by Senator Hoar, and has aroused the ambition of many a young man who was restive un- der his apparent lack of opportunity. It rxendn: “In this room Henry Wilson, Vice President of the United States nndcn Senator for 18 years, died November 22, 1875. The son of a farm laborer, never at school more than 12 months, -in youth a journeyman shoemaker, he raised himself to the high places of fame, honor and power, and by un- wearled study made himself an author- ity in the history of his country and of liberty and an eloguent public speaker to whom Senate and people eagerly listened. He dealt with and controlled vast public expenditure during a great Civil War, yet lived and died poor, and left to his grateful countrymen the memory of an honorable public service, and'a good name far better than riches.” The arrangement of the other busts is as follows: On the north side of the gallery from west to east, Eldridge Gerry, Aaron Burr, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, George Clinton and ! Daniel D. Tompkins. On the east side commencing at the north, the busts are as follows: Martin Van Buren, John Tyler, Millard Fill- more, and John C. Breckinridge. On the south side of the gallery com- mencing at the east end, the busts are as follows: Andrew Johnson, William A. Wheeler, Thomas A. Hendricks, Chester A. Arthur, Schuyler Colfax and Hanni- bal Hamlin. On the west side commencing at the south, the busts are: William R. King, George M. Dallas. Richard M. Johnson and John C. Calhoun. In the south corridor a row of busts of Vice Presidents have been placed on the north side of the corridor. Com- | mencing on the west end of the cirridor, the busts are: Charles W. Fairbanks, Garret C. Hobart, Levi P. Morton, Adlat E. Stevenson, Theodore Roosevelt and James S. Sherman. In a niche in the east Senate corri- dor on the north side of the corridor | 1s the bust of Thomas R. Marshall. * x % Congress has in its. membership some of the best known and most persistent fishermen. in this country—Senator Edge, Representative Will R. Wood of Indiana, Representative E. Hart Fenn of Connecticut and others too numer- ous to mention. These devotees of the rt agree heartily with the concluston that “as a pastime and character builder angling has no equal.” made by | | E. C. Fearnow of the United States | Bureau of Fisheries, in a speech which Representative Joseph Whitehead of Virginia has had printed in the Con- gressional Record. The tribute to men of the hook and the line includes the following, which is being reprinted by thousands of coples and sent broadeast into more than a score of congressional districts: “Angling is one of the most wholesome recreations and anglers are the most patient and considerate class of people we have. As the milk woman said to Walton, ‘They be such civil and quiet men’ The angler gets a thrill that comes in no other way. He feels the very heartbeats of Nature, and Nature is at her best when fishing is good. Pish cannot be prodded. cannot be coaxed: you fust have to sit there and If you have patience, the reward is yours. *“‘Oh, it's lovely when they're running And they're hunux and they're fine, And they strike and keep on tugging On your bait and on your line; But the fellow that's worth praising And that has the record r)gh! 15 the lad that keeps on fishing When—the—fish—don't—bite." “It was fishing that gave us our first actual experience with life. its ups and downs, its successes and failures. We have learned to keep on fishing, even though the fish do not bite, and this renmm instilled into us in youth has anabled us to conlinue on hoping for success and sometimes attaining it when otherwise we might give up. I belleve it is for the reason that fisher- men are nten-mmdod that they have figured so largely in progressive move- ments in the history of the world. They have learned how to bear with adversity and take advantage of an opportune moment. #*Who bides his time and levers not In the hot race that none achieves Shall wear cool-wreathen laurel, wrought » With crimson berries in the leaves: And he shall relgn & goodly king And sway his hand o'er every clime, With peace writ on his signet ring, Who bides his time.' “As @ pastime and character bullder ‘angling has no equal: 50 every vouth should have an opportunity to experi- ence the pleasures and adversities of fshing.” cedure. 1t 1a obvious that if such a law be enaoted, discretion must be vested I some authority to refuse, ns well as to accept, contributions, otherwise, the department soon might find itaelf lend- g Ms prestige and authority o vens (ures unworthy o meddlesame. American business ten have not been Slow to take advantage of some of the aotivities of the Federal Gavernment Which now are wocessible to vestricted roups only on & contributory basis, “lm‘y‘mm industries and trade as- soolationa waltain a total of sixtye three research nssociates at the Hureau of Standards, which 3 part of the De« partment of Commerve, under w plan by which these sclentists work on specifio pm‘wn. but under the general divection Of bureau officfals, and with bureau faollities, thelr salavies betng patd by private agenofes. I addition, the bu- Tean conduots tests af materials for the PUbltY o A foe basis and 64000 ttems were teated lust yoar under this plan, iy oontraat with §9.000 four years wio. The Departiment of Agriculture also already 1% wuthortsed by law to aocept contri- buttons for some of s work, bt neither the lkfiunmm\t of Agricul- ture nor i the Bureau of Standards has anyihing been undertaken whieh would fnvolve the questions ratwd conneotion WIth the propasal ta have Drivate tntereats fnance speeifia trade And industrial inveatigation aotivities of the Departinent of Cammaros, [T TN ol The Kellogg:Briand Anti-War Duel | BY WILLIAM HARD. Expert scorers on both sides in Wash. ington are engaged in counting and estimating the thrusts and the parries and the hits in the dashing and thrill ing diplomatic duel between Foreign Minister Briand of France and Secre- tary of State Kellogg of the United States, The maneuvers of the contestants cannot be understood without going back to their intentions. ‘The intention of M. Briand from the beginning has been to draw the United States into a closer political participa- tion in European world affairs. This veal by recolling from Mr. Kelinggs gleaming suggestion that he should out- law all wars and by defensively sug- gesting in his turn that the only wars to be outlawed should be wars of “aggression.” ‘The catch in this last lunge by M Briand against- Mr. Kellogg is that un- der the European system a war author- ized by the League of Nations 15 not called a war of “aggression.” It fs called a defensive war for purposes of peace. ‘The League of Nations, under Articl XVII of its covenant, can author 1ze a war even against a state—like the United States—which is not a mem- ber of the League. * k% ‘Therefore, M. Briand. in the course of outlawing war with Mr. Kellogg, now still wants to be able to wage war against him in case he should be au- thorized to do so by the League of Na- tions. been actuated from the very begin- ning by a strong de not to get into the League of Nations family circle. In 1919, when he weas a United Etates United States into the League with “reservations.” The reservations that satisfied him then were mild ones. He wag regarded then—and justly—as one of the two or three outstanding leaders among the “pro-League” Senators on the Republican side of the Senate chamber. Ensuing years—together with his ex- | erience as Secretary of State of the United States—have changed his views. He is now just about as enthusiastic for the League of Nations as W:lliam | Edgar Borah of Idaho or Hiram W. Johnson of California. He was confronted, however, not only with M. Briand's strategy, but with one | of the greatest League of Nations “peace | drives” ever staged in’ this country. It was headed by Dr. Nicholas Murray | Butler, president. of Columbia Uriver- sity in New York City; and its full meaning message are literally re- corded in the' “peace resolution” of Senator Capper of Kansas, now for- | mally before the Senate’s committee on foreign relations. This resolution is the epitome of what the League of Nations advocates in this quence of- the links which they main- ! Geneva through the frequent visits | there of Prof. James T. Shotwsll. who 2 member of the facuity of Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler's Columbia University. * pw M. Eriand was conveying to us, al the beginning. the proposition only we should outlaw war with Franc The Capper resolution was conveying t t to us, at that same time, the idea that | been obliged to look forward following prospect France, under authorization from the League of Nations, could go and fignt | wars anywhere in the world, even if those wars were to the immense dis- | advantage of the United States, and | thereupon the United States, having promised | Prance, would be utterly from putting an end to that warfare. The cause of peace itself was sufficient to justify Mr. Kellogg in eluding and ev: ing this first diplomatic assault upon bim by M. Briand. He paused for breath and considered. He went before the foreign relations committee of the Senate. Numerous Scnators, from the chairman (Mr Borah) down, sustained him in his pro- posed reply to M. Briand. This and That By Charles E. T;:‘flnll. you announced that there had been some objection to your numerous cat stories, 1 was one of the friends who wrote and sa:d I hoped that you would continue with these delightful stories. In fact, you were good enough to gquate from my letter in one of your articles. mentioning some books which I ha¢ mentioned in my letter to “In_Sunday's article, I your little Nipper is fond of buiter, which seemed a surprise to you. 1 raisad a Maltese Kitten, giving him at least three times a week either a tea- spoonful of butter or a teaspoonful of oll mayonnaise, both of which he liked very, very much and the fat or oil kept bim in very good condition. “1 should like to mention some of his other likes and dishikes. He was very fond of milk chacate- in fact, still is. If he has been given what we thipk is enoygh for him and put the rest of the i@ on & table, he stands up and tries to reach it and is restless and uneasy until he is given the rest of it or it is so0 completely concealed z?n‘ll he can't get any tantalizing whiffs of it. “He does not like catnip., He is very fond of raw string beans and canta- loupe, also raw tomatoes. 1 taught him to eat fresh cooked vegetables from the time when he was a kitten and every- | thing tasted good =0 nim. He is & hand- some, fellow with never a sick day He also had an exx o breakfast, eithor soramhied or raw, and his milk usually warmed. Now, he is very fond of broad and milk—will eat a great bowltu “Kittens and cats and all that per- | tains to them i3 to me a fascinating subject, but I must stop. You. I know, are 00 busy to read long letters, and 1 am too busy to write them even on this subjeet. nking you for the cat Startes which we hope will continue, Sincerely, R OW. R L B While most cats make raw meat thetr rineipal fare—if they can get it-un- oubtedly there are seores of these ant- maly which have a more variad dietary. | | ‘Tha cat of our correspondent, however we shall continue to think unusual Ploture & cat eating dread and mil Mere 13 & fellte with quite & hwman complex, stnce thousands of ehildren and hundreds of their eidors delight | I nothing more than & bowl of bread broken nto wilk Wo have never seen & cat, either, that cared tor candy th any form. Perhaps 1t 18 only falr that W cat, (t 1¢ cates | for candy at all should "relish wulk ohooolate, Very few of these autmals Will eat raw tamato plthough we have heard of another NAA wange Beaten wp ““fi? 14 fonder bper 18 fonder of an than of beafstoak, and m leave the Iatter for the former wny time of day. His latest gustatory performance was With & slice of swelbacs This be held dawn with ane black-boitamed paw, the while ruumu AWAY Wi s sharp Wt e toelth I & most professional manner In W fow minutes he had consumed POrARS W MUeh A8 & quarter of the Plece, but after i he tired of e Work, and went back o plaving with A catiip mowss Prabably he thowghit awi NOb worth the b LR Y p Porhaps our oo N Sy Hon IhAt & oAb A3 & Kitten, way be 1A (0 Sat MBI WYL & Lrus. \ he has now-been obliged clearly to re- | Mr. Kellogg, on the other hand, has | Senator, he labored valiantly to get the | - | peace | Itisa country now desire in direct conse- | tain with the League of Nations at “Dear Sir: Some months ago 'hwl you. { noticed that marning foc | He then sent that reply. It had » - hind it the weight not only of his ox.f views, but of enatorial opinion. I | ean be taken a3 representing the fina, { ultimate convictions “of the “Uniter Btates Government, * xxx Mr. Tlellogg ‘told M. Briand that he would promise never 1o go to War with (any of the leading nations of the | world, provided that all of the leading nations of the world weuld agree never [0 g0 to WAr amwug iLemweison o | against the United States. Would M. | Briand lend his kind assistance to that sublim2 endesvor? American public sentiment has not yet grasped the full and deep signifi- cance of this retort by Mr. Kellogg. If M. Briand had fallen in with i, » he would have committed France to helping the United States toward ren- dering itself absolutely securs against all League of Nations wars, Most of the leading natlons of the world are members of the League 7 all should promise war upon the United would then deprive thermn- ing #0 even if authorized by es they 2 o nd, who in the League, | M. Briand was, thereupon, logleall | obliged to reply to Mr. xeumbt’tg:‘-v. rz | was delighted to join with all the other | leading nations of the world in the ded only that th vald be “aggress: not authorized by | c “Loc Mr. Kellogg. econtrariwise, is now, in repartee magnificently proposing what ;ran ri}'nllufly be called a “Super-Lo- car le is proposing that, frrespective of | the decisions of the League of Nations, there shall be a perpetual peace be- tween the leading nations of the world among themselves and also between | them and the United States. ‘This has been taken to be an asser- ion merely of a passion for universal eneral. | > at bottom & move whereby | there may be destroyed all chance of a,war by the League of Nations against | the United States. i It i3 a move whereby the members of the League of Nations would be de- prived of waging a war aga‘mst the United States on the theory that the League of Nations had declared the United States to be an “aggressor.” ‘The whole conflict then comes down to the idea of “2ggression,” as embodied in the Capper resolution, which is e, head and 1 of the League of Ms- tions “pea. ive” g us. Mr Kelloge wants to eliminate the word “azgression” and to concentrate simply upon the ides “no war.” M. Briand wants to retain the right to make war upon the United States if the so-called “assembled conscience of the world” in the Council or the As- sembly of the League of Nations shall | call the U States an i as, for instance, in the case of Nic- aragua. *ee S In sum. it all comes back to the phi- loscphy of James Monroe and-of the | Mot Doctrine. It i3 the same old century-long story. It all sounds new: but it is exactly { the same conflict that existed when President James Monroe and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams refused to accept on American questions the de- cisions of the councils of Europe as :lpm :nted then b7 the so-cailed Holy liance. | The more it changes, the more it is the same thing. by treaty mever to fight debarred sis! Mr. Keilogg is trying to prevent By~ | Topean inirusion into our affairs oy | getiing the European powers to promise never by war to attempt it. To Washington the duel between Mr. | Briand and M;. Kellogg scems to be | essence just one more round of strug- | gle between the etermal idea that we | are part of Europe and the eternal idea that we are not. i:l*“ii’t_\"Years Ago In The Star | he p af the telephone in ! it infan: | Wonders of the Tne 1s'x'rf :.m ary 1. 18T re- Telephone. 7.3 “rrom the London Times the following commen- | tary upon the “wonders” of the new cy half a brov to as telescopes, wa sewing machines, tucifer matches. locome- heary ordnance i | A time i3 coming when everybody. we | presume. will carty his own telephone | about with him. Wherever he he { will be able to step into & N office, lps\' his own wire to the wire, an old a private conversation with & wife, or & son, or a customer, or I po al friend at the end. without | the interveniion of a public servica. He { will pay by the minute. The wire, nt is stated, must be a Quiet one, for it is apt o pick up stray sounds. Om the | other hand. 1t is now announced that | a remedy has deen found for this and nes to the telephone. o Perhaps the of underground wires, nOWw ot oth: s much insisted on, may a more effectual v e discovery has come happily fast ;:r the time when there had arisen & to de dbul wwrk out eur o t s irue we have Ddeen peacs @ continents, sounding the deg NENE Maller AW (0 malecules, Wnding perfume tn Alth, dyes in &t and food in refuse. Tt is alo trye that wal catalogue of new fgols @ has Doen stated 10 amount w0 closely printed voluwe. But | these are Dol matiers that conee:n everybody, at least direcily. They & tiontze the warll What e nises 18 hardly abort of fs no reasat why & mae o hokd v at | hwar ment fhis g, A, W the tmeire ol as A stethoscope, Dews WOD NENE 10 Seatig— ay | Tather than seeing - what wouwld parves J BIV0 10 hear (he very voios, (he fam! | WMugh, the tavar g separated By mike i dlameter? SOLY A prolongation of e eye, @ (elephone &5 only & second ear ™ | whea w¢ We are inclinad to delteve revall that Jack Swatt, wha today w eat DAthing dut AW meal, a8 & Kitw: Woull noi foued (. Tt not fake him Rang. however W overvame his objeotion! Predaior | animal oA state of watwe, hve o WALHL AW el aud W el il ey hrive beal o 8 simtar o { More mustakes are mado i feeding ee by withholtig 1w meat than by & W0 (e Wae. Bch dogs and oats et 116 and shoult have it Troquently, it 8o every day AL this e oF the L e e shoull wob Be colh but ahoul W {ahiarantie “Sebtee “netug o 1o he Ay wre . Bousehwid pos PN ]