Evening Star Newspaper, July 3, 1921, Page 45

2 THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D Leesburg Is a Picturesque and Prosperous Neighbor Town of Washi OUDOUN COUNTY COURTHOUSE AT LEESBURG EESBURG is one of the old. prosperous and picturesque reighbor towns of Washing- ton. Most Washingtonians Knov of it, and though neariy every- Lody ir the capital has visited there or passed through at one time or an- other, yet perhaps the vigitor or tra: eler has not learned as much abo: the rare old town as he should know. Leesburg was firmly established on the map before the city of Washing- ton was born. No dvubt there are Houses in Leesburg older than any ; house in Wushington, and there are ! Btreets in Leesburg which were lined ' with shops and dwellings before sur- veyors ran their lines and drove their Btakes to mark where Pennsylvania avenue and F and G, 7th, 11th, lith | and 15th streets were to be. But Lees- burg is not only an old city. In a sense it is new. Ancient buildings | have been taken down and new ones | reared on their site. Modern build- ings and old ones stand tog=ther, and those that have classic walls and whose doors. windows and chimneys tell that they wi century or 50 ago have been mouernized. night electric light shines W the old rooms and hall 3 1 is beside the Knocker, telephone tinkle and water comes into houses through mains and pipes from a city reservoir instead of by bucket from a spring or well. The people who 1 houses go to the horseless carriages, look skyward when a plane soars by, and wear styles in clothes that would have seemed scandalous to the folk who moved into those homes when they were new. Fire plugs stand in the streets, the postman rings the doorbell and delivers letters, mes- sengers bring telegrams to the banks, business houses. offices and the hotel, phonographs play and quilting bees and knitting parties are far rarer than bride parties and dances where gay and handsome youth trot and even toddle. All the young people know what it is to “rag” and . and you would have to seek out some wery old people in the town if you wanted a definition of such antique phrases as “all sash-a-ay,” “dosee-do,” *“left hand round” and “balance all.” those old ride in in ‘movies, * k k k EESBURG Is a very up-to-date town. Its streets are smooth- surfaced with tar and stone, the new sidewalks are of cement and the older pavements of red brick, the gutters are stone paved and the curbing is , of granite. After the English fash jon of the time when Leesburg was building, many of the dwellings face immediately upon the street, but these have big green gardens at the side and back. ~Generally the homes yare set away from the street and in languidly | of the Potomac river and an air line from Leesburg to the Potomac would strike the great river near the south end of Harrisons Island and a short distance below Ball's Bluff, a place which_gave its name to an_engage- ment between Federal and Confeder- ate forces in the fall of 1361. to which much significance was attached. Har- risons_Island lies in the Potomac above Edwards Ferry. which crosses from Maryland and strikes the Vir- sinia shore at the mouth of Goose creek, and below that ferry variously called Whites and Conrads Ferry, which is about flve miles farther up the river. The town lles near the base—per- haps half a mile from the beginning of the main climb—of the Catoctin mountains, a chain which paraliels the Blue Ridge and which is a part of the Blue Ridge system as the Blue Ridge is of the Appalachian system. The distance from the crest of the Catoctin range to the crest of the Blue Ridge is about twelve miles, and between them is an upland valley dot- ted with villages, covered by good farms and . watcred by numerous {streams which for the most part have their source in the Blue Ridge, though !some have their springs in an inter- jvening ridee called Short Hill. which | extends from the Potomac opposite | Weverton. which is three miles east |of Harpers Ferry. to a point about ten, miles south of the river. West of Leesburg Tuscorora creek has found or made a pass through the Catoctin range. znd the electric | railroad from Washington passes ! through that gap on its way west | from Leesburg to Purcellville, Round |Hill and Bluemont ~Good'wagon roads cross the ridge. roughly fol- lowing the course of the creek, though at the crest of the range one of these roads descends directly west and leads across the valley by way of the village of Lincoln, which is south of the line from Clark's Gap to Bluemont by way of Hamliton, Purcellville and Round Hill. Per. haps the average Washingtonian will met a better idea of the situation of the Catoctins when he is told that it }is that high. steep range which the otomac river breaks through at Point of Rocks. & * kX % THE Catoctins dominate the land- scape at Leesburg and often white clouds play around them and rain waves sweep them while the sun shines on Leesburg. Another strong and nearly always present note in the view from Leesburg is Sugarloaf mountain, to the nortl east, the solitary mountain with a major dome and several minor tops, which rises steeply out of the undu- Mting plane between the Seneca and Monccacy, and whose top may be seen in clear weather from soma high points in Washington, though it is thirty miles away. All roads in Loudoun county lead to Leesburg. and many of the roads in the western part of Montgomery county and the southern part of Fred- CONFEDERATE MONUMENT IN COURTHOUSE SQUARE. deep and shady grounds, as though they would stand apart from the dust and noise of the public way. Many of these homes, both the new and the old, are comfortable and handsome. Please do not gather from this that Leesburg is merely a quiet residence Town, whose chief aim in life is to be beautiful suburb of Washington and splendid situation for summer It is a business town, and statement will be presented as we go along. Then you must remember that Leesc burg is the court town, or the capital, of one of the rich and_prosperous counties of the United States. The mame of that county is Loudoun. Leesburg lies in a_ region of re- markable fertility and scenic charm. € 1 is a-trifle more than two-miles west - \ ‘homes. facts in support of ‘that erick county, in Maryland. In Fair- county, Va., the roads point to Fair- fax Court House, Alexandria and Washington, and to Leesburg. If the question were asked of old roads in the western part of Fairfax county, “Whitther do you lead?” some would answer, “I lgad to Alexandria, sir,” and others would reply, “S{r, I lead to Leesburg.” This confusiorl in the old Iroids might be-exnlained by the fact that Loudoun county was part of | Fairfax county, and later part of {Loudoun county came to be a part of {Fairfax county. One of the main east-and-west highways of the Amer- ican colonies led through Leesburg, crossed the Blue Ridge through Snick- ers Gap, negotiated the Shenandoah at Castlemans Ferry, and then, pass- ing Berryville, woudd on through the o O, C, JULY 1921—PART 4. Indian wilderness of the Alleghenies to the greater Indian wilderness of the Ohio valley. One of the old and main north-and-séuth roads of the re- glon is that which bridges the Poto- mas river at Point of Rocks and leads south by the villages of Luckett and Goresville, through Leesburg. across the Goose Creek country and then down through the Bull Run country, following the eastern base of tre Blue Ridge. Loudoun county was established in 1757, It was created out of the w ern part of Fairfax county, county had been created out of of : Prince William county in 17: ‘Henning's Statutes of Virgini; may read the following On April 20. 1767, a petition of’ sundry in- habitants of Fairfax praying a division of said county was presented to the house and reud and referred to the <onsideration of the Dext seswion of the assemhly. O Friday, April 22,1757, Mr. Charles Car- ter from the committee on propositions and | vances, reported that the committee hail | ad under thelr consideration divers proposi tions from several counties, to them referred, | and had come to several resolutions thereon. which he read In place and delivered it In st the table, where the same was again twiee | read and ‘agreed to by the house, as follows: | Resolved, That the petition of sundry back | inhabitants of the said county of Fuirfax | praying the same may be divided into two | distinct counties, by a line from the mouth up | the main branch of WDificult_run to.the head thereof, and thence by a straight line to the | mouth of Rocky run, is reasonable. | The act dividing the county of Fairfax and creating the county of: which sed by the houae{ of burgesses at Willlamsburg on May 2, 175§, was concurred in by the council and was signed by the gov- ernor June 8, 1757. In the preamble of the act it is set forth that, “Whereas, many inconveniences at- tend the upper inhabitants of the county of Fairfax by reason of the large extent of the said county and their remote _situation from the courthouse, and the said inhabitants have petitioned this present general assembly that the said county may be divided, be it therefore enacted,” etc. The third paragraph of the act provided “That nothing herein con- tained shall be construed to hinder the sherift or collector of the said county of Fairfax as the same now stands entire and .undivided from collecting and making distress for any public dues, or office dues, Which shall remain unpaid by the inhabi- tants of the said county of Loudoun at the time of its taking place, but such sheriff or collector shall have the same power to collect or distrain for such dues and fees, and shall be answerable for them in the same manner as if this aet had never been made, and law, usage or custom to the conmtrary in any wise notwith- standing. * ® ¥ X . AS showing the extent of tobacco culture in that part of Virginia when Loudoun county came into ex- istence, it Is interesting to read the fifth and final paragraph of the act establishing the new county. It fol- lows: And be it further enacted by the id That out of every hundred pounds of tobacco, paid in ‘of quit rents, secre- tary's, " elerk’ or other officers’ fees, greater or lesser quantity, there for the abatements or allowances to the paye! that s to say, for tobacco due in the county of Fairfax, ten pounds of tobacco, and for tobuc- co due in the county of Louddun, twenty pounds of tobacco, and that so much of the act of the Sssembly entitied An act for amending the staple of tobacco and preventing frauds in hiy majesty's customs, as relates to anything within'the purview of this act, shall be, and the same is bereby, repealed and made void. The boundary line betweenr Fairfax and Loudoun was changed by act of the essembly in 1798. The style of the act was “An act for adding part of the county of Loudoun to the county of Fairfax and altering the place of holding courts In Fairfax county.” It enacted “that all that part of the county of Loudoun lying between the lower boundary thereof and a line to be drawn from the mouth of Sugarland Run to Carter’s mill, on Bull Run, shall be and is thereby added to and made a part of the county of Fairfax. All writers on the history of settle- ment in western Virginia and western Maryland refer to the tide of German immigration that set in toward those regions in the early part of the eight- eenth century. Some of these immij- grants came directly from the Pala: inate in Germany, but most af them seem to have moved off from the Ger- man settlements in Pennsylvania and to have adventured sduthward in search of fertile and cheaper wild lands. The same_class of Germans | who settled the Frederick and Ha- gerstown valleys in Maryland, and the Shenandoah valley in Vriginia, set- tled in a part of that region east of the Blue Ridge which later became Loudoun county. ‘These settlers were not the pioneers in that section, because white hunters and trappers knew it well, d it is recorded that some members of that hardy class staked out their permaé nent homes and cleared land for til- lage in that Indian country. Nor was the German immigrdtion the only tide of settlement to flow in, for while the Germans were moving down from the north. the English, Scotch and Irish, settled for one or two genera- tions in eastern Virginia, were mov. ing westward. They, too, were look ing for fruitful lands whick were to be had at low cost. James W. Head, in his history of Loudoun county, Wrot N The ent settlement of Loudous coun began the years 1725 and 1730, while toe coun. ty was yet & part of Prince’ William county and the of Lord Fairfax, the immi- grants mivety-nioe year ieases on the Loudoun was P! S A VIEW OF KING STREET, LI land at the rate of two shillings sterling per hundred acres. ] pove noted influx i 2 from the tending Middicburg and fro Potomae river southward to the Catoctin and rd to the Tt iu more to this b ather sthut Lon W soral emi Ryn mountaine eus! de¥ uf the counts. ghtsalrle straln” ihan to uny Joun owes her present unri nence. The northera paft of the county “The German Settlement ‘milex, extendiug from the (atactin n tiins weshward o Short Hill, wnd from (e Fo tomac river to near Wieatland, w sturdy_and Iy from v York, ttled on_th at about the time of the | ettlements’ in 1 the county. Thess (ermu patient, God-fearing people, and vers tenacious in the p language, religion. customs wtage in their development by u peuceable and o t submission to th thorlty. castern seetion of ttlers we naturally rugead rention of 1 hiab tx. 3 has_been marked deportment—u restraints of civil su- ‘While the German and Engli migration was flowing in there also a tide of Quaker s Pennsylvania, and it is re rded th many members of the Society of Friends came directly to this part of Virginia from England and Ireland. They generally settled in the central portion of the county west of Leesburg h im- and southwest of Waterford and that part of the county came to be known as “the Quaker Settlement.” * X ¥ X A MONG the men of commanding im- portance in a political sense in that part of Virginia at the time of the creatien of Loudoun were Francis Lightfoot Lee, Thomas Ma- son, James Hamilton, Francis Pey- ton and Josiah Clapham. Francis Lighttoot Lee and James Hamilton were the representatives of Lou- doun in the Virginia assembly from 1758 to 1763. About 1770 the names of Francis Peyton, Josiah Clapham and Thomas Mason became prominent as delegates from Loudoun county in the numerous pre-revolutionary conventions. Loudoun, like all other Virginia counties. adopted patriotic resolutions, and “at a meeting of the treeholders and other inhabitants of the county of Loudoun, in the colony of Virginia, held at the courthouse in Leesburg the 1l4th of June, 1774, Francis Peyton, esq, in the chair, to consider the most effectual method to .preserve the rights and liberties of North America and relieve our brethren of Boston suffering under the mdst oppressive and tyrannical act of the British parliament made in the fourteenth vear of his maj esty’s reign, whereby their harbo is blocked up, their commerce totally obstructed, their property rendered useless.” etc.. etc. The usual resolutions of non-inter- course were adopted. It was adopte that Thomas Mason be appointed to represent the county at a general meeting to be held at Williamsburg on the last day of August next to ) take the sense of this colony at large on the subject of the preceding re- solves and that they, together with Leven Powell, Willlam Ellzey, John Thornton, George Johnston and Sam uel Levi, or three of them, be a com- mittee to correspond with several Committees appointed for this pur pose. The names appended to the Loudoun resolutions furnish a line on the prominent patriots of the county, and the names follow: James Morton, Thomas Drake, William Booram, Ben- jamin Isaac Humphrey, Samuel Mills, Joshua Singleton, Jonathan Drake. Matthew Rust, Barney Sims, Samue Butler, Thomas Chinn, Appollos Coop- er, L. Hanconk, John McVicker, Simon Triplett, John Wildey, Joseph Bayley, Tsaac Sanders, Thomas Williams, Joh Williams, Wiiliam Finnekin, Richard Hanson, John Dunker, James Nolan, Samuel Peugh, William Nornail Thomas Luttreli, James Brair. Poins Owsley, John ' Kendrick, Edward O'Neai.francis Triplett, Joseph (ombs, John Peyton Harrison, Robert Combs, Stephen Combs, Samuel Henderson, Benjamin Overfield, Adam Sangster, Bazzell Roads. James Graydey, Thom- as Owsley, Edward Miller, Richard | Hirst, James Davis and Jasper Grant. Loudoun county is named for Lord Loudoun. a Scotenman of considerable note in his time. In 1756 he was ap- pointed governor of Virginia and com- smander-in-chief of the British forces in America, but within a year after his arrivel at New York he was re- called to England, where he was made lieutenant_general in 1758 and gen- eral in 1770. 1t seems not to be known that Lord Loudoun ever caine to Virgiina to take over the office and functions of governor, and books which The Star man has con- sulted would lead one to think that Lord Loudoun never came to Virginia. Loudoun is chiefly an agricultural county, but from time to time it has been believed that it had min- eral possibilities. Many years ago a large body of iron ore in the Catoc- tins was worked, and opposite Point of Rocks there is a mountain called Furnace mountain, because of iron works that were operated, there. Iron ore is found along Goose .creek and Broad run, and copper is found in many parts of the county. Gold and silver have been found. Corn, wheat and hay are the leading crops, and the dairy industry is extensive. In the stock raising line there are breeders in Loudoun who specialize in Dorset horn sheep, White Yorkshire swin and Guernsey cattle. Another Loudoun industry is that of “finish- ing” or fattening beef cattle for mar- ket. . It is also one of the horse-rais- ing counties of Virginia, and many thoroughbreds, hunters, hackneys and \ sttlement from | n | those } T HE Star Man Visit; County Seat of Lo udoun County, Where Many Homes Were Built and a Town Laid Out Before Si te'for the Capital Was Selected~—Leesburg ‘ Lies in Rich Agricultural District. About Half a Mile From Beginning of the Main County and City Officers, Principal industries, the Schools and Churchefi. < s 3 y 1 ¢ draft horses are bred in Lo aou In addition to farming stock raising there are cannerie quarried, grist mills, and saw mills. The cntértainment of summer board- ers is an industry of some import- ance. L hea id * Kk ok KESBURG has about four times the population of any other town in * the county. The other towns and | villuges are Purcellville, Hamilton Middleburg, Lovettsville, Waterford Hillsborough, Ashburn nt. Airmont, Aldie. Ar- la, Belmont I'ark, Bloomfield, Brit- Cla Gap, Conklin, Daysville, green Hills, Georges Hill, ille, lrene, Leighton, Lena, Lincoln, Luckett, Lunctte, Ma Mechanicsville, Mountain Gap, iillead, Mountville, Morrizo: crsville, North Fork, Oatlund, prings. Paxton, Philmont, tyan. Silcott Sprinss, Sv- . Stumpton, Taylorstown. Trapp, Unison, Watson. Waxpool. Welbourne, Wheatland, Willard and Woodaurn. on the organization of loudoun county in 1757 it was determined to rect the county oourthouse at a point in the northern part of the | county, near the TFotomac and el to the base of the Catoctins. Nich and Hill, Sterling, Bluen Minor, who owned the land at thoe gite chosen for the county seat, didived | lhis farm Into lots and streets and BURG. gave the lots required for the court building, and. jail. He called the place Georgetown, in honor of the reigning sovereign, George 1I of Eng- land. Some houses were built in Georgetown. This settlement was without the usual warrant of the leg- islature and in 1758 the general as- sembly of Virginia authorized the es- tablishment of a town at the county seat. The new town was called Lees- burg in honor of the Lee family of Loudoun, a branch of the Lees of Westmoreland county and_ Stratford all. The act establishing Leesburg, pass. d in September, 1758, recites. ‘Whereas holas Minor of the county of Loudoun, Gent. hath laid off sixty acres of his.land adjoining the courthouse of the said county into lots with proper strects for a town, many of which lots are sold and improvements made thereon, and the inhabitants of said county have petti- tioned this general assembly that the same may be erected into a town. Be it enacted by the authority aforesaid that the land so laid off into lots and streets for a town, by the said Nicho- las Minor be, and the same is, hereby erected and established a town by the name of Leesburg, and that the freeholders and inhabitants thereof shall forever after enjoy the privi- leges which the inhabitants of other towns erected by act of assembly now enjoy." The trustees named for the new town were Philip Ludwell Lee, Thomas Mason, Francis Lightfoot Lee, James Hamilton, Nicholas Minor. Josias_ Clhpham, Aenaseas Campbell, John Hugh, Francis Hague and Wil- liam West. The first jail was not built on the land dedicated by Minor for the courthouse and jail, but was {set up at some distance from the town. The first sheriff of Loudoun iwas Aeneas Campbell, and for the convenience of the sheriff. who was probably also jailer, the county jail was built on his farm, the name of which was Strawberry Plain The earlicst of the Lees who came to live in that part of Virginia which came to be Loudoun county seem to Inave been Philip Ludwell Lee and | Franois Lightfoot Lee, brottiers. Phil- ip Ludwell Lee was the eldest son of Thomas Lee and his wife. born Han- | nah Ludwell. He was born February 24, 1726, and died February 21, 1775. ¢ is believed that he was born at | Stratford, that grand old house still | standing_on the Potomac near Nomini reck. He inherited lands along the upper Potomac. Francis Lightfoot Lee was the sixth son of Thomas Lee of Stratford, and his wife, Hannah Ludwell He was born October 14, 1734. and set- led on lands on the upper Potomac bequeathed him by his father. . * % % % W HEN you come to Leesburg today you will probably rest at the Leesburg Inn, adjoining the Court- ouse Square. Maurice F. Castleman is the proprietor and Walter Evans the clerk, though when The Star man stopped there John S, Castleman was acting as clerk. These Castlemans are descendants -of that Castleman (James), who ran the ferry across the Shenandoah river on the road from Alexandria and Georgetown to the west by Leesburg, Snickers Gap and Berryville, long before a bridge was built at that point. Leesburg has the same form of government as most other towns, but is lucky in having a mayor and city council who are men of progressive ideas and who have the confidence and backing of the enlightened el ment in_the town. The mayor is Charles R. Lowenbach and the coun- cilmen are W. C. T. Ewing, W. C. Safter, L. C. Rollins, O. N. Casey, John T. Hourihane and L. T. Fry. The town recorder is Joseph E. Wright: the auditor, E. P. McFarland, and the treasurer, Danlel J. Hourihane. The head of the volunteer fire de: partment is L. T. Fry, the town ser- Zeant 18 Brooke P. Forsythe and the night sergeant is Frank Atwell | The postmaster is George C. Carter, tho station agent, E. C. McIntyre and the telegraph opecrator and ticket agent is G.,H. Wilkes. The super intendent of schools of Leesburg is 0. L. Emerick; principal of the high school, D. P. Hurley, and the teach- ors, 5o far as The Star man could learn their names, are: Miss Eva | Jones, Mrs. Ellen Metzger, Miss Wil-" o 5 1i6 Smith, Migs Lillic Norris, Miss Boteler. Mrs, J. W. Cloud and Miss Katic MeIntosh, The hanks of the town are the Peo- ple’s Nationaliand the Loudoun Na- | tional. " The eflicers und dircctors of the People’s National are E. B. White, Rohert R. Walker, L. M. and *Bruce Mclntosh. vice Jngephus Carr, cashie: M. BZ7Arnold, W. H. Carte tcher, W. I . Gipson, Ti t N. Harper, John 5. Jenkins, Bruce Mclntosh, presiden | Shumate idents Fred, H cock, Robe kins, W S LM Thompson, Walker, E. B. White and L. W. Wortman. In this bank the in- dividual deposits subject to check, ac- cording to the latest statement, were , and total resources Robert R 1. officers_and directors of the Loudoun ibnal_are Edward Nic ols, president; C. C. Gaver, vice pres dent; A. Dibreli, cashier, and k. McFarland. asgistant cashier; dire tors. J. 1t. 1. Alexander, H. K. Arthur, A. Dibrell, George C. I Douglass, Edwin 8 Gaver, Bentley Gregg, Victor B Hard- ing, F. M. Love, Edwara Nichols, Vo ney Osburn, Edgar Peacock, .. Phillips, H. T. Potterficld, A. €. Reid | and M. H. Whitmore. According toj this bank's latest statement, itx de- posits were $1.045.950.96, and its re- sources $1.37: 5 rret, €. Ol tries of the town | \ompson-Plaster, Company | mpson and W. 1. Pl apparatus; Norris Bros Norris and C. R. Norris), Teesburg Lime Quar B. Whirt flour mil burg Ice Company | ind Joseuh Faxton). | ox ok % i 1 | ~HE chief mercantile houses of the town are: Charles R. Lowenbach & Son (Maurice R. Lowenbach), gen- eral house furnishings, hardware, coal| jand cement, wholesale and retai Llovd Slack, furniture: J. T. Hour! hane. clothing: Loudoun Clothing Company; McPherson & Russ clothing ‘and men’s furnishing Manufacturers’ Outlet Compar (Charles Fricdlander); Sollars & Co- Len, clothiers: W. W.' Chamblin, dry goods; Mrs. Celia Dunn's department store; di Zerga & Co. and W. W. Ti- tus, hardware; New York Bargain {House (Joe Raflo); grocers and pro- vision dealers. Caviness & Whitmore. L. C. Rollins, J. T. Cornwell & Son, D.; {German, B. P. Forsythe. Eugene Ti- | tus, G. B. Bradfield. P. P. Perry and | Nathan Johnson. Then there are the C. E. Tnompson Music Company and | N. P. Neilson's Loudoun book store |You can eat in the restaurant of H. D | Beuchler or at the counter and tables of the Leesburg Quick Lunch, Poppas & | Co., proprictors. _Anything in the auto- imohfll*. truck and garage line will be jattended to by John Hill Carter, Leon | |¥rye, the Atweil Brothers (Louls and | Arthur) or by the Loudoun Garage. run by William Chancellor and Sam Grimes. 1f you meed drugs or any one of those million or two things which drug stores sell, you will find them in the pharmacies of Drs. Pur- cell, Littlefohn & FEdwards. 1f you | need a physician vou can ring up Dr. | W. C. Orr, Dr. John A. Gibson or Dr. Harry P. Gibson. If vou need dental surgery ‘you can make an appoint- ment with Dr. Michael Hourihane, Dr, L. A. Brown or Dr. A L. Penuel. If Your, eyes, ears or throat trouble you, Dr. 3. W. Marshall will serve you. If you are in need of a veterinary, Dr E. H. Drake is a leader of his pro- fession in_ Leesburs. If you want film or theatrical _amusement the doors of the Opera House, run by E. B. Ross & Co.. are open, and if you want all the latest news the Loudoun Times and the Loudoun Mirror, each rublished weekly. will give it to you. Leesburg has some splendid churches. Some of the old huildings have passed away and congregations that were organized more than a cen- | tury ago worship in_new structures, The churches are: St James' Epi copal. Rev. G. P. Craighill, rector M. E. Church South, Rev. J. IL Ma Presbyterian. Rev. J. W. King; Bap- | tist. Rev. J. I. McCutcheon. and | Catholic, Rev. Father A. J. Van In- gleman. The colored Baptists and Methodists sustain good churches. The officers of Loudoun county are: Judge, George Latham Fletcher of GRAVE OF COL. Warrenton; clerk of the court, B. W. Franklin;®sheriff, T. W. Edwards commonwealth's. attorney, Cecll .Con- nor; treasurer, A. B. Richard; com- imissioners of revenue, Joseph E. I Wright of Leesburg, A. P. Megath of Leesburg, W. C. Benton of Middle- burg, W. R. Newlon of Bluemont, J. T. Marshall of Hillsborough and G. H. Virts_of Lovettsville; county supervisors, M. H. Whitmore of Lees- burg, chairman: L. D. Sowers of Ster- ing, George Frasier of Upperville, H. C. Rogers of Hamilton, W. D. Thompson of Hillsborough and B. G.! Johnson of Lovettsville. Leesburg has recently organized a | chamber of commerce and this is put- | Iting new spirit’ and pepper into the iold town. 1. A. Thompson is presi- | {dent and Wiibur C. Hall, who is also wyer and a member of the state legislature, is the secretary. One hundred and fifty of the “live wires” of Leesburg are already en- rolled as members, and the officers say that every man in town not yet ready for the cemetery is going to “join in.” i And {utterly defeated | tended doun Artillery, White's 4zd B: Virginia_Caval | talion, Virginia 18th and 2ist Mi That little monument was erected | ELWAH V. WHITE, VIRGINIA CAVALRY LEADER. SBURG ACADEMY. Leesburg has an $80,000 bond issue in | course of flotation for the building of | hool, and tonds | ot cuke ou weather's oo 1 are at your han * x the emetery onuments en I the Union Leesburg man ¥ Star n to atte which he marked down as having a place in th marble f2 Elijah V. W died Jany inscriptio uary 15, 18 childre ;B In 2 dis cemetery is a similar ma on one face of it is this: known Cor rate dead wh this monument and to the sons of Loudoun who fell and were le! ft and ne near | | on the fieild of battle nother | face: t Ball's B town, on the threshold of Virginia and the| Confederacy, the invading Union army of the north was, on October 21, 1861, d driven into the Potomac. This monument is erected o the memory of those who died in defense of the lost cause by their late comrades in arms and a admiring people, October 21, 1§ another face: “The gallant Whose memory this monument to perpetuate were chiefly to the following comma $th and 17th Virginia Infantry, seldiers | is i forty-four years ago, and it was dedi- | cated on the sixtecenth anniversary of | the battle of Ball's Bluff. | About two and a half or three miles | from Leesburg by road is a stretch of | woodland, and the tree-grown bluff | Slants steeply down to the Potomac | river opposite Harrisons Island. That | was called Balis BIuff because it was part of the farm of members of the Ball family, and their old farmhouse is perhaps half a mile back from the bluff. In a clearing near the woods| that cover the biuff is a little cem. tery, a4 national cemetery, which wi established soon after the close of the war, probably in the summer of 1865. Around it is a red-brown stone wall, above it floats the nation's fag and around the hase of the flagstafl lie the bones of fifty-four men, fift three of them unknown. This shows that_the bones were reclaimed from shallow battlefield graves after the war and laid in that littie cemetery. A few yards outside the cemetery wall s a small mirble marker in Edward D. Baker, Colonel. Pa. | Inf., Killed Here in_the Battle of | Balls_Bluff, October 21, 1861 Thel casualties officially reported at Balls| Bluff were: Union, 49 killed, 158 wounded and 714 captured or miss- ing; total, 921. Confederate, 33 kill- od, 115 wounded, 1 missing.” Col, E. D. Baker retired from the United States as a senator from Ore- gon to enter the military service in command of a volunteer regiment. The battle of Balls Bluff, the congres- sional inquiry into it, the charges and counter charges, show that it was one of the sensational episodes of the civil war. Coming three months to a day after the Union disaster at Bull Run, and with no Union success between the two tragedies, it further sad- dened and humiliated the people of the north. * ok ok ok THI'Z railroad over which vou travel to Leesburg from W ington is one of the old roads of the| United States. It was conceived to con- nect Alexandria with Harpers Ferry, which had become a railroad point on| the building of the Baltimore and Ohio. some | Goose On March It mond The ra nd act incorpnra Harpers Ferry 1549 and ag: d west fr Hampshi ‘t. The Alex- shurs 1o} % 4 coal mining dis Loudoun and Hu ng during never bui: even toda mont, at of Goosé Creek, Turcelly 2ound Hill and other pl been termini of this road, 2 being the Loudoun and Hampshire Washingion, Ohio and it became a branch of Air Line and 2 sucker” of the or was bought by the pr mpany and clectrificd. The original wagor d between Alcxandria and ston and Leesburg probably an In- n trail to the west, which prob- followed “a buffuio trail. ~ T was well wo a century are still ed parts :re through may the country. road have be Jany for bullding andria and Lees- burg was granted in 1809, This com- pany probably built & part of t road and failed A it 1813 and the road was probably buiit new charter was obtained to Leesburg in that and the next three or four years, the streams such as Difficult run. Sugarland run and Eroad run being forded and Goose creck being crossed by a ferry, and the bridges over Broad run and creek were built about 1818, that being the year in which the Vir- ginia legislature pas.ed an act 1 ing down the toll charge over thos bridges. ’ Souvenir Habit. THE souvenir habit ras grown in America, and the souvenir in- dustry is one of considerable im- portance in all those cities which are entitled to the distinction, or which claim the distinction of being “his- toric.” The selling of souvenirs is fol- lowed in practically all pleasure red sorts, whether they are scashore re- sorts, river shore, lake side, moun- tain side or hill-top resorts. Scarcely any town in the United States is without its souvenir post cards. ‘Washington is pe ps the greatest “gouvenir city” in America, and the selling of souvenirs at the capital goes back farther than the oldest in- habitant can remember. One of the old-time popular souvenirs for sale ifn Washington was the “Mount Ver- non cane.” It was in the winter of 1866-7 that James Crutchett, a well known Washington man of that' time,/ n agreement with John then the owner of Mount Vernon, to supply him with timber from the Mount Vernon woods for conversion into souvenir canes. A good many Mount Vernon trees were sawed into those souve- nirs. Mr. Crutchett fitted up a big building with steam-driven lathes and other machinery for converting these authentic Mount Vernon trees info canes, picture frames and small pieces of furniture. The canes were made after the model of George Washingtonis favorite walking stick —that is, the one he usually carried. Each_of the articles turned out by the Crutchett factory was stamped: “Warranted of Mount Vernon wood.’ and was accompanied by a certificate signed by John A. Washington, pro. prictor. of Mount Vernon, and by the mayor of the city of Washington Mr. Crutchett was born in England and came to Washington in 1842 and! was of that character of man cailed “enterprising.” He promoted the plan by which a big gas lamp was put on the dome of the Capitol, and that was the forerunner of the great light that shines there now to motify Washington, or warn Washington that Congress, or a part of it, is in night session. The dome on which the gas light shone s that low and round one which was superseded dur- ing the civil war by the present dome. Mr. Crutchett lived in”a frame house at the northeast corner of North Capitol and C strects, which was torn down in making way for the late extension of Capitol Park. The house sat high above the street and the gray stone wall enclosing the lot stood for a good while after the house was torn down, and was a familiar sight to Washington people. Before he entered into the arrange- ment with Mr. Washington of Mount ‘ernon, he began the manufacture of certain articles of a peculiarly American character.” On the breaking out of the civil war the factory was taken over by the government for military uses. The government paid Mr. Crutchett £3,000 for the use of the butiding dur- ing the term of the war and allowed him §1 with which to make re- under mpc was later presented mixed commission on American-British claims for a bai- ance of §123,000. The commission, in 1 aillowed him $14.000 above ths amount already paid him by the g ernment. entered into A. Washington, inad- claim before