Evening Star Newspaper, July 3, 1921, Page 24

k . SILESIA AGREEMENT\THE S AIDS WELFAPRE OF ALL Britishjngenuity Responsible for Ending Warfare and Removing Potential Men- ace to Who le Continent. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. HANKS to British ingenuity in political | progress has been made in carrying unraveling dangerou situations, the Upper Silesian question has been settled for the time being, and only most unex- pected events will the status q The Hoefer and the Pol under Korfanty arter dustrial areas in the interallied commissiot and ermans under Gen. h insurrectionists fallen back from combat zones, leaving the diputed in-* hands of the| allicd journed during the remainder of the summer in order that the Wirth 1cgime may continue until greater lout the reparations agreement, but, iof course. this is conjectural. Wirth to Fight Upheay At any rate, it may be expected that Wirth and his Berlin government will not countenance upheavals of so. called defense organizations in Sile- sia if these In anywise threaten their own tenure and bring on further oc- cupation of the Ruhr such as the French would insist upon. The allies are more and more convinced the chan- cellor meant just what he said when he 1 | troops. | declared that there need be no fears The whole Sil question has | as to the future Germany and strict been filled with dynamite liable to | compliance with allied dictates. Nat- o (o atoms prearranged plans of ! urally, untoward Silesian outbursts allied capitals and atesmen _who | May be expected to be resisted by the swed and car in the Paris | Germans themselves. confere rfancy | Though the French reports may be ionists have sed s ! due to the Hennecker, <h armies in the : their own inability to achie ! s by taking advantage of allied acit following ry inca immediately Silesian the A n by Britixh. German volunteer organizatons who during the period alarmist, it is more to be believed that inasmuch as the British have taken a leading part in placating the bellig- erents in_ Silesia, England will con- | tinue in this role and will, to prevent | threatened general conflagration. dis- patch even more troops to strictly enforce any dictates and decrees ar- rived at in the settlement of the boundary, if necd be. Conntantine Saving Face. | i ave S0 to retain the disputed [ To save his face with his people for B R e ater trust in | the moment, Constantine of Greece e e Sbility to handle the whole i has doff€ the unexpected. He has re- situation in And square manner, | fused the allies’ offer of mediation in Snd this has been particularly true | the near eastern Imbroglio, and has since the British government, roused lethargy and being really from its alarmed at potentialities, dispatche additional torees to Silest MU s the trust in the British that caused the Germans under Gen. Hocfer to agre to withdraw, permitting final aeel sion fo rest with the supreme counc which naturally will act upon the recommendations of the plebiscite commission. Y Had it not been for timely British fnterference undoubtedly there would ! stated that Greece's future course { must be gulded by the military situa- ! tion in the near east, where great | Grecian forces are being assembled {for united onslaught against the armies of Mustapha Kemal. Constan- tine is very careful, however, to make he always will be ready to allied suggestion. action of Constantine in flout- i | ing again the allics leaves him in the | position of an international outcast, for it is extremely unlikely that g S . Ditterest sort of | cither of the allied governments will 3'\5',‘,;;.;3]“1‘3v\“w‘hb».- reported !lend him any assistance in his ad- e ffensive and defensive alliance | venture. There is one’ contingenc: existing between Poland and France : however. which might alter the situ “hav sed France to tion, and that is the possible loss of would e every advantage of German effort to retain the industrial regions. such conflict would have upset com- pletely the reparations agreement and retarded Furopean reconstruction yrocesses indefinitely. Only Britis ruasion, coupled with some pretty strong talk on the part of Downing sireet, caused the French to desis from at least open assistanc Poles against the German defe ganizations. But now that th have retired to safer climes a German defensive organizations lik wise are ready to abide by allied di their fightin their own olution, the Sil question is less puzzling and more liable to peaceful settlement, despite alarmist reports emanating from the district. French §till See Danger. tates and c In fact.| ! Constantinople. Should the Kemal- jists defeat the Greeks and threaten the straits and Constantinople, then the powers are likely to step in and | take a hand, not at all because they love Constantine, but to preserve the straits and Constantinople as a world commercial highway, a crying need for centuries. | _There is more reason to belfeve that Consantine will f; s little war notwithstanding the [ fact that Greece is being stripped of her men in order to put an army of .000,000 on the near eastern front. it must be remembered the Turks are : fighting upon their own soil and in addition to this. undoubtedly are re- in the near east wiving @ meed of assistance from the bolsheviks of Russia. Far-Renching Turk-Red Plot. . Latest advices indicate a far-reach- It is reported through French|ing Turco-bolshevist plot in Constan- cources—Gen. Leron. head of French| {inople. with expeditious allied —that the German| tion to frustrate such plans as may rontinue to eXistlpgve been laid to endanzer allied in- s are being made { torusts in southeastern Europe and case the ric ustrial regions | sue of the Turks means the fur- permitted to in the hands of | ferince of the bolshevist cause, but the Poles: t units will exen} ypore s every reason to believe that resist the Wirth government in Ber- Iin and are a grave potential menace to future settiements and concord in Silesia. There may be some truth in these charg The Wirth govern- ment., keenly desirous of retaining the good will it butlded un in allied capitals, desires to the repara- tions agreement fuifilled with the greatest show of good faith. Any un- . toward incidents in Silesia will react against Germany as a whole, and the Wirth government particularly. should it be placed in position of re- sisting any organization or organiza tions which have as their fundamental motives the furtherance of Teutonic interests at all costs. There is possi- bility that the reichstag will be ad- no matter how the tides turn allied precautions will be taken to stem the tide of the red influence in every di- rection. Success in this alone will prevent developments of far-reaching and serious churacter in the near east. | "In view of everything that Consan- | tine ha said and don there is | little yet to indicate {hat he will | not eventually capllulu!& the allies’ w hes and hasten a t¥lement of | the near eastern problem. for only | in eventual capitulation can he hope | to adjust Greece's economic and finan- | cial condition: factors extremely vital to the very existence of Greece | at the present moment. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, -D. - C, . TORY THE WEEK HAS TOL JULY 3, 1921—PART 2. BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1821, by The Washington Star.) HE following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ending July 2. UPPER SILESIA.—A ®dispatch of June 25 stated that Gen. Hoefer had subscribed to the pregram of the interallied commission for evacuation of Upper Silesia by German and Polish irreguiars. It was then expected that the operation would be completed within ten days. The Poles were to fall back half the distance to the Polish border, next the Germans were to withdraw beyond the German border., then the Poles should retire across the Polish border. This done, Hoefer would disband his self-defense force. I have seen no definite statement to that effect, but 1 infer (it must, of course, be s0) that Korfanty's men are required to surrender their arms before crossing the Folish border. Under the disarmament provisions of the Ver- ailles treaty and the London progrum Hoefer's men would have to give up their arms after entering Germany. The dispatches report prog- ress, but apparently it is slow. One report con- veys the curious information that Kattowitz Is still closely beleaguered by the Poles, a Fbench garrison keeping them out, the German Inhab- itants being reduced to a rat diet, a dozen or 50 other German towns being in the same pre- posterous situation. On the other hand, Hoefer, In earnest of good faith, has evacuated his key position of Annaberg. Hoefer says that the Toles are concealing their arms and melting into the landscape; that if the Upper Silesian decision goes against them they will resume their arms and make another attempt, with no armed Ger- mans to oppose them. The British and Italians think Hoefer honest and that his apprehensions are justified: therefore, when the country has been cleared of irregulars under arms, it will be combed for hidden arms, But this is looking too far ahead—the country has not been so cleared, not by any means. * %k ¥ % GERMANY.—I for one am likely tc forget the Upper Silesian situation just now. I am absorbed in expectation of the officlal zllied re- port on German disarmament. If it should ap- pear that on June 30 Germany was in serious de- fault respecting disarmament, our eyes will turn westward from the basin of the Oder to the basin of the Ruhr. Of course, {f Germany consults her material interests rather than her pride, she will welcome disirmament. Relicf from the cost of wrmaments should go far to offset direct'y loss by reparation payments, and the Indirect effects, and, it is plausibly argued, Germany will at the end of forty years appear a gainer by the great war. So truly comic is the human comedy. All reports agree that German Industry and com- merce are picking up magically. If published statistics are accurate the numbers of those un- employed and on part time are much less than half the corresponding numbers in Britain, and steadily falling off. * ok kK GREAT BRITAIN.—The coal strike is ended. The miners return to work Monday. The signed agreement runs to September 30, 192 Reports of details of the agreement are vague. My un- derstanding is that the pre-war wage schedu'es in the several districts are raised 20 per cent, whence the “standard wage,” as it is loosely called. The “standard wages” und other costs of the industry having been paid, the owners are to take from what is left £17 for every £100 paid in “standard wages,” If any sovereigns still remain, they are to be divided in the proportion of 17 to the owners to 100 for the miners. This looks rather good for the owners, but, unless the industry picks up and recovers its markets, there will be nothing left after wages and other costs have been paid. In- deed, these costs cannot be covered. The ad- verse balance for the month of - February was £4,536,000. The government, therefore, has granted a flat subsidy of £10,000,000. Dur- ing previous negotiations the owners offered to forego profits until the industry should recover its legs. 1If this offer still holds good, it shou'd be possible (the subsidy helping) to carry the fidustry along for some months without a crash, perhaps untll the foreign markets are sufficiently recovered so that the costs of production may be met without government help. But the pros- perity of the realm demands that the coal in- dustry shall be not merely solvent but abundantly prosperous, so that, as of yore, British indus- tries will get cheap coal and British ships shall go tully freighted with coal. On cheap coal the great edifice of British industry and commerce has been built. But it is difficult to see cheap coal ahead without a'thorough reorganization of the industry along the lines suggested by en- lightened mine owners like Sir George Ellicott and Lord Londonderry. One could wish that when Mr. Lloyd George talked in his large way of the beauties of the new agreement, he had conveyed a hint of such reorganization in pros- pect. This may seem a dull matter, but it is more important than- the Upper Silestan prob- lem or the problem of Austria or that of Turky. * k Xk *k NEAR EAST.—The Greek government has refuscd the offer of Great Britaln, France and Italy to mediate on its behalf with Mustapha Kemal. A Greek grand offensive will start soon, 50 the Greeks say, a mighty effort, for all the youth of Greece are with the colors. A singular thing has happened. The Greeks have evacuated the Ismid front, firing the city of Ismid on their departure,.leaving the road clear to the Bosphorus for Mustapha Kemal's men, ex- cept for such resistance as the few allied troops on that front might offer. What is the idea? Some say it is a trick, that Constatine has been read- ing Homer and Is emulating the wily Odysseus, that the Greeks hope Mustapha Kemal cannot resist the temptation to attack Constantinople, so running foul of the allles, and drawing, if not the French and Itallans, at least the British, into the war against him. On top of this report comes a strange semi-suggestion from the Parls Temps that the allles evacuate Constantinople and let Kemal have it, retiring their troops to the tip of the Gallipoli peninsula and making an allied Gi- braltar there. The idea, it seems, was mooted at the London conference last winter, and shocked nobody. Not such a bad idea, perhaps, to let Kemal have Constantinople at once, if it is true that Brusilov with a great red army is west of Stvas, marching furiousy. Better to let Kemal have Constantinople than Brusilov. That rumor about Brusilov has aroused, xo one entertaining dispatch says, the enthusiasm of Russians of whatever political complexion all over the world. If the bolsheviki, led by that renegade Czarist Brusilov, should take Constantinople and realize the anclent Russian dream, that might be for- given everything. It might be asked, what Brusi- lov would do, should he find Kemal in possession of the prize. But I must limit my sprculations. Suppose the allles undertake to defend the town against Kemal, or Brusilov, or the devil himself, what chance of taking the town against the mighty British fleet in the roads? Well, if siege Euns were planted on the hizh hills of the Ismid peninsula the warships would have to clear out of the narrow Bosphorus. Warships have lit- tle chance against powerful land batteries any way, as proved during the great war. To be sure, the Brusilov rumor has an ancient and fish-like smell, but it provokes the most delightful speculation? And who knows? Now, while such things are happening or brewing (or not), as it may turn out, Kemal's cmissary, Sammy Bey, is in Paris, moving for peace. Kemal, he says, wants peace very much. It must be, however, a feace securing to *he na- tlonalists everything demanded by the “national compact,” to fulfiliment of which the nationa'lsts have sworn certain tribal oaths, among the things demanded being “complete territorial and economic independence of Turkey” and nationalist pos- session of Constantinople. Sammy denies that extramist views prevail at Angora. He says that Angora has no treaty with Moscow, though he admits that relations between the two are most friendly. No wonder; Russia alone “has recognized our claims, set forth in the national compact.” In other words, Kemal wants the earth, so to speak; and if he can get it he will be glad to make peace. Apparently he wou'd expect th2 allies, should they make friends with him, to promise him their protection against Moscow, who would be very angry. Kemal -seems to doubt the disinterestedness of Moscow's friend- ship, and would doubtless be glad to break the connection if he could get what he wants with- out it. Amid all this rumor and clatter nobody seems to mind the sick man, the caliph. What will his nurses do with him, should they evacuate Constantinople? According to a report just arrived, Sammy Bey says that Kemal will make no effort just now to take Constantinople. Probably Sammy speaks truth. I must remark, apropos of the above fantasia, that correspondents, when deal- ing with the near east, fall naturally into a vein of romance. * Xk Kk K UNITED STATES.—Thursday the President signed the Army appropriation bill, which requires reduction of the Army to 150,000 men by Octo- ber 1. At the same time the President told Con- gress by message that he would not “feel justified in asking the Secretary of War to enforce the dis- missal of men who have enlisted for a definite term of service.” Should it be found impossible to compass the required reduction without such injustice, he would ask Congress for legislation to save the government’s honor. Ex-President Taft has been appointed Chief Justice of the United States, The Fordney permanent tariff bill was troduced in the House Wednesday. It comprises 300-0dd pages. It will be taken up for disc sion after the Fourth. In a letter to Mr. Mondell the President ap- pealed to Congress to state its attitude on the question of reduction of armaments. I am vastly more than concerned,” said the President, “with the favorable attitude of the Congress on this question than 1 am as to the form of expressing that attitude.” Thereupon the House passed the Borah amendment to the naval appropriation bill with cheers. The airplane attack on the battleship lowa off the Virginia Capes seems to justify those who say the battleship is not cven obsolescent, let alone obsolete. The radio-controlled target was moving at the slow rate of four and one-half knots. Twenty planes made a series of att. dropping elghty bombs within something over three hours. Only two hits were made. On the other hand, the target was quickly and narrowly bracketed, and it must be remembered that bombing by afrplane is in fts infanc The peace resolution declaring the war with Germany ended has passed both houses of Congress. * kK % MISCELLANEOUS.—The league council ad- Jcurned without settling the Polish-Lithuanian dis- pute. It did, T believe, obtain a promise of sus- pension of hostilities till after the meeting of the league assembly in September and of re- sumption of the conversations broken off at Brussels several weeks ago. The Italian cabinct of Giolitti has resigned Giolitti's forclgn policy was indorsed on a vote of confidence by a majority %o marrow that the statesman decided 1o quit.. Italy seems to be in a phase of Chavwinism. Count Sforza, the foreign minister, author of the treaty of Rapallo, was, rather than Giolitti, the mark aimed at by the large opposition vote. Giolitti has been urged to form a new cabinet without Sforza, but declines. 1t is a great pity Sforza should go. He is a very enlightened statesman. The supreme council will probably be weakened by the loss of him (he has represented Italy thereon). ARMY AND NAVY NEWS | New Chief of Staff Of the Pacific Fleet| 5l D |KEEPING THE TRADE WITH LATIN AMERICA Shipping Board Is Facing the Problem of Maintaining the Existing Routes to ‘the Southern Republic. BY BEN McKELWAY. E of the big problems facing the new Shipping .Board I8 the maintenance of adequate shiping facilities between the United States and South American ports, supplying the present trade and encouraging the development of fu- | ture commerce between the American | republics, Chairman Laskar desig- | nates the work sinc: taking over his new position as “building a firny foundation” on which to build before going forward with new policies and new plans. But the part the Shiping Board is to take in malntaining and developing trade with Latin American has already peen discussed and the ubject occupfed a prominent place among those taken up at a recent ccnference between the chairman and Secretary of Commerce Hoover. | Unless the United States maintains the trade routes established between this country and South American ports during the war, it must lose necessarily much of the trade already | gained. These routes must be main- | tained in the face of growing com-! petition from Europe, for what ap- peals to the South American business man s not so much the eale as the delivery of goods—the quick and sure delivery of merchandise. One Which is sald to have contributed largely to the success of Germany in winning back South American trade is the ability of her merchants, al though they are handicapped, to de- Liver the goods when promised. Coal can be sent from the United States to Argentina or Brazil cheaper than can coal from Great Britain. provided the coal s shipped in Amer- ican, and not British. bottoms. Amer- ican’ ships landing in Brazil, for in- stance, with coal from the United States ‘are able to take aboard a car- £0 of wheat. beef or some other prod- uct destined for Europe. then return to the United States from abroad in ballast or cargo. They are not re- quired to make the long return trip from South America without a_cargo. Experts at the Department of Com- merce are now preparing for the Shipping Board tables which show the routes now followed by American vessels, with recommendations, it is undersiood. for certain changes. These tables will be used by the Ship- ping Board In rearranging the trade routes to be followed by the Ameri- can merchant marine. * ok ok ¥ Dr. Carlos Chagas. the distinguished Brazilian scientist visiting the Unit- ed States, has been elected an hono- rary member of the provisional board of directors of the Gorgas Memorial Institute. for the study of tropical diseases. * % ok ox Senor Don J. E. Lefevre, secretary of the Panama legation here, one of the origniators of the Gorgas me- morial idea and a consistent worker | for its cstablishment. has had com- pleted under his dircetion tentative plans for the building which will house the institute, the plans to be j approved later by the board of gov- lernors. Though the Panama-Costa Rica dispute has held up to a certain extent work for the memorial, the idea of the memorial in Panama is gaining popularity in the United { States and abroad. i * ¥ % ¥ { . A definite announcement from the State Department to the effect that the Panama-Costa Rica boundary controversy has been amicably set- tled may be expected within a few days, according to_ those who kept in close touch with the situ- ation. Despite Panama’s efforts to the con- trary. the White decision on the toundary will remain in effect, it is stated. ~Although a special mission from Panama. hea Narciso ! Garay, Panama's se of foreign factor | have llef that she would, is unexplained, some light on the subject has been given through an Aseociated Press dizpatch last week to the effect that a protocal has been signed between the United States and Costa Rica providing for certain rights to the latter state in event a canal is built through Nicaragua. Part of this canal probably would run along the boundary between Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Nicaragua's desire to ain her | rights in such a waterway ‘s her chief reason for remalning out of the on, It has been suggested that Costa Rica takes the same view- point. * x ok % Arrangements have been made for Argentina’s participation in the Mexi- can centennial of independence next September. The battleship Presidente Sarmiento will be sent to Mexico and the naval cadets from the vessel will participate in the parade in Mexico City September 21. Plans for the celebration include the erection on the Hill of Chapultepec of a pantheon for the heroes of the Mexican war of independence. This building will be crected at an ap- proximate cost of 1,000,000 pesos. The centennial commission recently pub- lished the conditions for submission of competitive plans for the building. * x x * Two Chileans are being sent abroad by the government for study in their respective lines, according to a dis patch received at the embassy here. Both of them probably will come to the United States. Higinio Gonzales, an agricultural engineer, carry on his researdn work here, and Manuel Cifuentes, an architect, will study types of school houses and workingmen's homes. Because of the heavy falling off in IChile’s nitrate exports with the gen- eral depression in trade, Chile has i8¢t about developing her agricultural industry, for which there is sald to be a large opportunity. Several Chil- eans have been sent by the govern- ment tothe United States for study lof the fruit-growing industry in the west. * % ok % pain has ratified the postal con- ¢:ntion agreed upon between the United States and all the other Ameri- can republics at the recent universal postal congress held in Madrid. The Tower rates provided for in the treaty already have gone into effect between the United States and a number of the tLatin American republics. EE The republics of Central America have signified their intention of par- ticipating officially in the Guatemalan centenary of independence, which takes place September 12-17, and rious foreign colonies in Guatemala have been invited to take part. The annual agricultural fair and cattle show will be included in the celebras tion. Other features on the program include an exposition of industrial art, convention of pan-American stu+ dents, Central-American exposition of fine arts, Central-American teachers® convention and various amusement events, * kX ¥ Commercial Attache W. I. Schurz, jat Rio de Janeiro, has cabled the Department of Commerce that & meeting of commercial socleties of Brazil was called for last week to discuss remedial meagures to meet the serious commercial situation in Brazil. No reports of action taken at the meeting have been received here. There is a strong feeling in Brazil in favor of a moratorium a | the only alternative to general bank- ruptey in case the government fails radical action. * kX X Optimistic reports are appearing in German papers concerning German to take some commercial activities in South Amer- .l(‘a. according to excerpts from the dispatches reaching Washington. The articles state that German tradesmen are having little difficulty in regain- affairs, has been in the United States for some time and presented argu- | ments in Panama’s behalf to the Sec- | THE ARMY 4 | Quekemeyer, cavalry; secretary-treas-, Wolf, captain of the American rifle, I urer, Firsg Lieut. C. C. Jadwin, 2d, cav- | tcam. alry. The constitution and by-laws in-| At the time of WAS CHAMBERLAIN A HERO? i g —— L2 % | digate that the object of the club is “to | was requested by the Rumanian repre- | Yetary of State on several occasions, Under instructions received from the crlcotrage Intereat in and Promote polo |scntutives that this trophy be put up | it s understood the State Department | ing their pre-war position with South COMMITTEE WILL DECIDE ‘ in Rashinwton”'rne Seoretary of Mot | or snnunt competition betweer” teams I dnderstood he Suate DORATImTS | Ximerican busincer men “They 'nd congressional joint committee on print- |and chief of staft are designated as| representing the United States Army, the dispute. I big trade opportunities ~awaiting ing, no War Department periodical can | honorary president and vice president | Navy and Marine Corps. In a letter & | them, it is stated, and little preju- | dice because of the war. A recovery Though Costa Rica’s refusal to join | of Germany's industrics will bring the Federation of Central America, | about return to normal South Ameri- despite the generally accepted Ue-!can trade, the articles state. —_—mmm be printed at government expense un- less its publication has been specially authorized by Congress or sanctioned during their respective tours of duty. | turning over the trophy to the custody The manager, team captaln and secre- |of the Natlonal Rifie Association, Gen. tary-treasurer will be clected annually | John J. Pershing said: “Out of de I by & majority vote of the playing mem- | er.ce to its donors and as a recognition bers, and constitute a board of direct- of thelr Interest in our services, as in Belief Officer Of Marines Was Punisfled Unjustly Leads to Investigation of Re- ported Exploits and Forged Documents. BY P. C. KAUFFMA HE story of Capt. Edmund Chamberlain has again come before the world. During the war for a while it was a story known to young and old throughout the world. First a wondrous tale of bravery, the daring exploits of a young American marine aviator who had accomplished a herculean task, become a hero overnight by remark- able feats of courage on the western front. Then it became a sordid tale He was branded as a liar, a forger: it was averrcd that no such exploit had ever taken place. There was a court-martial, conviction, dismissal, 2nd the world proceeded to forget the incident, as the world so often does. ‘And for months past the affair has been a closed chapter of the war. Chamberlain had apparently borne his shame and was Starting off to face the world through life with a black stain across his name. The war is over except for the thou- sands of cripples who still languish in hospitals and those who lost dear ones, and most have forgotten the tragedies of Flanders fields and the er tragedies have overshadowed and the row upon of hospital cots, how can the world stop to consider one name transformed from that of an idol to that of a blackguard? To Chamber- Jain, a young. active, Keen-eved Texan, however, his good name means his whole life, and he has come back to face the world, and, as he say “bare the truth if it takes twenty years.” Investigation by Committee. Senator Sheppard of Texas has in- troduced a bill to have Capt. Cham- berlain reinstated to his rank in the marines. This bill has been laid aside until the outcome of an investi pation which is being carried on by . subcommittee of the naval affairs following a resolution adopted in the Senate for an inquiry. Shortly after the h ines had begun the subcommitte went into executive sessions, and tndings can only be a conjecture. “There are rumors at the Capitol that the committce has become keenly in- terested in the case and intends to let no stone r n_uncovered to a sure justize, even if it entails a trip :broad by the members to dig up evidence. Need for further investigation of the ffair was first sensed when Maj. Gen. George Barnett. commandant of the JMarine Corps, in disapproving th findings of the court-martial, which were later approved by Secretary Duuniels, said that Chamberlain had never been given a proper chance to defend himself or to prepare an ade- wuate defense, and that he was con- victed on negative rather than posi- tive evidence, Le.. that since no one «ould be found to say that he saw the iacident take place therefore it never t tle white er ommittee, unanimously th the long lines of lit- | by the joint committee on printing. No periodical printed at government ex- the latter part of July, 1918, he was temporarily stationed in Paris. Orders had come for his transfer to the south of France, and having several days of leisure before proceeding he asked permission to visit unofficially the western front to gain information on the latest tactics being used, which was granted. ‘ Arriving at the British flying fleld at Touquin, he learned of a bombing raid that was about to take off, asked permission of the commander, Maj. R. Maxwell, R. A. F., to take part, and was granted after he had told the British of the experience he had had with the northern bombing group, but it was understood that it was to be in a purely unofficial capacity, or else he, the commander, would be held responsible in case of 10ss of plane or other accident, The group with Chamberlain as a faember flew off across the Marne on what promised to be a most suc- cessful trip. Well behind the Ger. man lines a train was hit and blown to atoms. On the homeward trip, however, the group ran into thirty German planes and a pretty fight was staged, which resulted in the ll;;s of three fighters from either side, ‘When the dust cleared away from this melee, Chamberlain-found him- self with two Britishers separated from the other flyers, a bullet in his engine and one machine gun jammed. Advancing to within eight miles of the line the three ran into a circus of Germans, twelve strong, Camber- lain flying rather lower with a miss- ing engine. One came at him swoop- ing down from above, and quickly dispatches him; he wheeled upward to mect two others, both of whom he sent crasing to the ground in flames with spurts from his one good machine gun. With these out of the way he turn- ed to see five machines coming at him. His companions, swinging in from either side, brought down one each, leaving him three to cope with and just as they got within range and were about to open fire his engine | Stopped completely. Helplessly, he !swung around into a nose dive, start- led a loop and ended in a side slip. {During the dive he saw an enemy plane directly beneath him and put | him completely out of commission, and swerving upward he came face to face with the leader of the circus and pumping his last shots at him, saw the German commander, lurch from the fussilage of his machine jand the plane went tumbling to earth. This ended the fight, the remain- ing Germans beating a_hasty retreat. Heading once more ‘toward home, the fighting line was almost reached, when Chamberlain’s engine began to sputter and before many seconds had elapsed he realized he had to land among the enemy. Nearing the ground, !he fired on some troops of Germans with the broken machine gun fixed, sScattered them right and left with a rain of bullets and finally landed in a wheat fleld near a small wood between the lines. % 3 Burning his maps, he started off through a hail of shot, and before he had gone many steps, ran square into four Germans. These he scared off by pense shall contain any paid advertis- ing. although periodicals may be printed without any expense to the government, provided the word ‘“expense” is con- strued to include that pertaining to of- fice space, heat, light, labor of person- nel, paper, ink, etc, and that the periodical shall not be published as an “official publication.” Samples of such periodicals must be forwarded to the joint committee on printing, United States Capitol, Washington, D. C., and the adjutant general's officc as soon as issued, and each copy should contain a statement that the periodical is pub- lished without expense to the govern- ment. Pending further congressional action the mimeographing of periodi- cals may be continued on authority ob- tained from the adjutant general. It is Stated that “careful attention to the provisions of these regulations is en- joined upon all concerned.” They are based upon instructions received from the joint committee on printing and any non-compliance therewith will be preju- dicial to the interests of War Depart- ment printing throughout the service. New St rd for Physical Tests. ‘The standards of physical examination for entrance into the Army which ex- isted during and following the world war have been replaced by new stand- ards applicable not only to applicants for enlistment but also to candidates for permanent commission and, with certain modifications, to the Military Academy at West Point. Very few changes of importance have been made in the physical requirements as they existed in the old regulations, and these only where experience and observation warranted such action. In addition to abolishing the authority to accept cer- tain defective, men for *‘special and lim- ited military service,” the most marked alteration is the return to the minimum requirements for height and weight which existed prior to the outset of the world war, namely a height of sixty- four inches and a weight of 120 pounds. An existing perforation of the ear drum is also made a cause for rejection. An examination of the new table of heights, weights and chest measurements will show that the authorized variations in weight have been made to conform more nearly to the weight in heights from sixty-four to sixty-nine Inches than was previously the case. Henlth Service Lends Ald. Candidates for the citizens' military training camps to be established through- out the country thiz summer will be glven free physical examination by-any physician connected with™ the United States public health service. This service has 140 stations throughout the United States, and each of these sta: tions has facilities and personnel to con- duct the examination. Any young man who desiges to attend one of the train- ing camps may secure necessary phys- ical examination by taking his appli- cation blank to the nearest public health service station. This arrangement was made in order that candidates might be saved the expense of a physical exam- mation by civilian physicians. Arrange- ‘ments are also being completed whereby candidates may be examined by officers of- the Medica] Reserve Corps. Zxam- inations are also given at any military camp, post or station. War Department Polo Clul At a meeting of the War Department Polo Club Monday, & formal constitu- tion and by:laws were adopted and th that may arise not specifically provided for in the constitution and by-laws of the &lub. general supervision and control over all activities except those specifically as- signed to the team captain and secre- tary-treasurer. The team captain will have charge of the training and assign- ing of ponies and players and will have direct control of both players and ponie: He may appoint such assist- ants as he deems necessary. Members will be classified as play- ing and non-playing members. Play officers of the United States Army, sta- tioned in or on duty in Washingtol desiring to join. The board of directors is empowered to invite such persons as it sees fit to become honorary mem- bers of the club without payment of dues. The dues of playing members are fixed at $5, payable ahnually in advance, :and such other reasonable dues as the board of directors may from time to|recall that during the inter-allied com- | ime deem necessary. The dues of non- jplaying members ghall be $5, payable unnually in advance. Shortage of Medical Officers. Despite the technical excess in the number of Regular Army officers, it is stated there is still need for more offi- cers because the medical department Is still engaged in the care of war cas- ualty cases and war risk patients, and besides, its personnel is widely dispersed throughout the country and on forelgn service, due to the scattered distribu- tion of the Army. A short time ago there were as many as sixty military posts and stations in the Eighth Corps {area alone requiring medical officers. So long as troops are scattered as they are, there will be a shortage of medi- cal personnel, for the need must be de- termined more by the number of sta. tions than by the actual number of en- listed men. Medical administrative of- ficers realize it was the purpose of Con- gtess to provide for a comparatively liberal number of officers in the Regu- lar Army so that they could be utilized in_training, but in the case of medical officers, they are so engrossed in the actual military duties, it is pointed out, no comprehensive training program can be planned and carried out. Civillan camps are now being conducted and will last until as late as September. Many of them will be without Regular Army medical officers to train the civilian doctors in military dutles, but under the circumstances, the situation cannot be helped. The fact that no more applications can be considered for 1commission in the Medical Corps will retard, and perhaps almost stop, the practice, which has been bui't up by the surgeon general, with the co-opera- tion of the leading educators throughout the country, of recelying in the general ipita)s promising male grad- uates of medical institutions looking to commissioning them in the Army. - This arrangement has been very successful, and it is stated the government receives more from the student because of his services while in the hospitals under in- struction than it pays him in money. U. 8. Riffe Team Wins Rumanian CI' Another trophy, won by a team rep- resenting the United States Army in tthe interallled games at Parls in 1919, has been added to the'list to be in per- petual competition_under the direction of the National Rifie Association of America. On the completion of the rifie and pistol co; u-t:o:: of the inter- B o specially at Le under the |ors, ‘with powér to handle all questions [ dics | annual ing members are to be commissioned | Corps, will be granted, and the match non-playing members, all other persons ! that it will be received and appreciated 1 ed by this donation of the troph: It would greatly please me to have the match, whatever the course comprising The manager will exercise{it, named ‘The A. E. F. Rumanian trophy match. B In replying to the letter of Gen. Pershing. Col. Brookhart, president of the National Rifle Association, sai “I am delighted to accept this trophy on behalf of the Natlonal Rifle Associa- tion of America. Your request that it be put up as a perpetual trophy for competition, at the national matches, by teams representing the United States Army, Navy and Marine will be named ‘The A. E. F. Rumanian trophy match. I want to assure you as one of the most famous a most desirable of national trophies.” The conditions of the annual competition will be decided by the National Rifle Association. As an incident in the presentation of the trophy, it may be interesting to petition the Rumanian rifle and pistol teams fired with our rifles and auto- matic pistols. Preceding t actual CAPT. BENJAMIN F. HUTCHISON, Late assistant to the chief of naval operations. He was recently melected | and to inspect all naval bases with by the selection board-for prometion | a view to determining their effective- to _rear admiral match the teams were coached by | acter must be settled in accordance with the evidence adduced. When there has been no recurrence of the disease for many vears prior to admission to the naval service, it is held that the recurrence s incident to the service and in line of duty. - Combined Fleet Operations. The Atlantic and Pacific fleets will be combined for about three months each year in_the Caribbean or the Pacific. near Panama bay, for train- ing in combined tactical operations, Sceretary Denby has announced. Ad- miral Hilary P. Jones. commander-in- chief of the Untied States Atlantic fleet, will be responsible for the training of the combined fleet and consequently will exgrcise command {over both fleets during these opera- tions. Admiral Jones will also be authorized at other times to inspect the Pacific fleet, in order to deter- mine its progress in tactical training, ness for the use of the fleet as a whole. The proposed visit of the porting for active training duty or re- lease from active training duty. Au- thority for enrollment of reserve of- ficers will be forwarded by way of the bureau of medicine and surgery in order that an extract from the medical history may be attached. If no health record i available the com- mandant will furnish the medical ex- aminer an extract of the medical hi tory, if possible. Results of all phys- to the bureau of navigation via the bureau of medicine and surgery. and a copy of the report to the command- ant of the naval district. If found physically qualified a new health rec- ord will be opened in each case and forwarded to the commandant. Flotation Vital for Land Planes. The recent accident to a Navy iplane which landed in the sea, bring to the front the necessity for pro- viding airplanes that are to fly over the water with some sort of means of flotation. The plane in this in- cident was prevented from sinking American officers, especially Col. Mc-|Officers' Training Corps camps within | combined fleet to Europe has beeniyntil it could be hoisted on board Nab, and so well did the latter do his|the continental except Carlisle barracks, Pa., it reduced from |tached from the Atlantic flee six to flve week: work _that the Rumanian riflemen ran the Canadlan team a very close race for third place, and at one point in the match were actually leading the Cana- dians. Btate: Retention of Field Clerks. Some 480 fleld clerks are eligible for retention. It was decided that all those who did not take advantage of the op- portunity to be examined would e diecharged. and all those men will go out by Juy. Of the 480 who are eli- gible for permanent appointment. 460 are to be selected. A board of efilcers was convened by the adjutant general to g0 over their records and pass upon the recommendations of the command- ing officers. These recommendations are all in, and the board is now com- pleting its labors. Each corps area was made a tentative allotment of twenty- nine fleld clerks, and each commander was asked to make recommendations concerning those serving under him. An element which is causing some concern is the necessity of regarding the sal- arfes of those who remain—a general reduction must be made under the ap- propriation. After the board has sifted out thore who are to remain, the other 400 must be disch: ed. They have no rights of ' longevity as a’ fleld clerk. Whether there will be a rearrangement $72,600.91. <> Six and a clothing were laundries during April, with total re- ceipts of $221,920.87 and net earnings | structors of the vessel, and are en- over and above cost of operation of | gineers of the General Electric Com- limits of the United the medical camp at o- . I8 being salvaged and dis l‘unrler million pieces of laundered at government moved its offices at among the varjous corps areas remains to be decided, but at the present time there are many more eligibles in some corps areas than in others. Passing Notes. Low grade surplus wool amounting to 2,630,000 pounds has been disposed of by public auction in Boston out of a total of 3,000,000 pounds offered. The prices realized at the sale, which was con- ducted by the quartermaster general of the Army, were average market quota- tions. Salvage officers in the field have been warned regarding the disposition of old and worn out flags. ' When unservice- able national colors are in such. condl- tion that they are no longer a fitting emblem_for- display, salvage-officers are ined to see that they are not, cast aside or utiliz in any way that might be viewed as disrespectful, but will im- mediately take steps toward destruc- tion by methods lacking in any sug- gestion of Irseverence or disrespect. ease. An exce] In view of the late opinions of the At- torney General upon the various acts|meets every requirement of the con- relative to injury or disease contracted while in “line of duty,” the Navy De- [not been standardized on a measured partmént places a more liberal construc- | mile and also because a full crew and tion upon the term than has heretofore | the_necessary instruments were not been given. of Secretary Denby, any person who in |teed power with every possible com- active service in the naval forces of the | bination of pole and motor connec- TUnited States at the time an injury was | tions, and the results were in all cases ;‘j‘“!hrfild( ora :I&u« contracted, de-.u-lu‘ isability, whether on actiye duty or furlough, leave of absence, or under ar- | bowess rest. shall be deemed to b bes ered or contracted such an injury or disease while in line of duty, unless it appears that the injury or disease has been caused by willful misconduct on the part of the person suffering disability or by something done by him in pursuit of some private avocation or business ‘Which “has cause between his public service or per- formance of duty and the injury or dis- =Y Under the recent authority to have been suf- intervened ‘as the producing tion to the above arises when abandoned, it appears. The Secretary also stated the Utah was !;7 b& de- afl as signed as flagship of Vice Admiral A. P. Niblack, commanding the United All unclaimed baggage remaining in | European wa- the hands of the effects bureau at Hor | Sates naval forces Jn o boken, N. J. posed of by the quartermaster supply officers at Brooklyn, N. Y. > Approximately $275.000 was returned to the government by the War Department | of the Asiatic fleet. trom the April sale of waste materials collected at the varlous camps, posts and stations, exclusive of sales effected in the Philippines, Hawail_and Panama canal departments. ters, replacing the Pittsburgh, which is to come back to the United States for overhaul. This effectually dis- poses of the insistent report that the Utah was to be assigned as flagship Maryland on Trial Craulse. The Maryland, first United States battleship to mount 16-inch guns, left Newport News June 21, for her build- ers' sea trials. The tests are being conducted by the Newport News Ship- building and Drydock Company, con- pany, manufacturers of the ship's electric propulsion equipment, and a The military intelligence division of flders. the Eeneral siaff, hereiofore located ot | Mot b0 Pr o e e lectricatly. oan Tth ‘and B strects ast week to the Munitions buil 19th and B streets. SRubaing: THE NAVY i The Maryland is electrically equip- ped throughout and is expected to go into service early in the fall. June 23 she completed a most satisfactory trial at sea of her machinery under supervision of representatives of the bureau of engineering and the board of inspection afd survey of ships, Navy Department. These trials dem- onstrated that the electric machinery tract. No attempt was made to meas- ure the speed because the ship had on board. Each generator was, how- ever, tested beyond fts -full guaran- of the most satisfactory nature. The and auxillary machinery proved equally satisfactory. The Maryland will be delivered to the gov- ernment early this month and placed in commission at the Norfolk navy yard under the command of Capt. Charles F. Preston. Shortly there- after she will join the Pacific fleet. ' Examination of Reserve Officers, Commandants of naval districts have been notified that the bureau of navi- zation desires every physical exami- ship by air in the rear portion of the fusillage, which was not air- tight and which permitted the air gradually to ‘escape. It is the opinion of the technical observers of this in- cident that, if airplanes are not pro- vided with pontoons or similar flota- tion gear when flying over the sea, the fusillage should be made air-tight or be provided with bags, tanks or other air-tight air containers to in- sure flotation indefinitely. Examination of Lieut. Commanders. The examination of the permanent lieutenant commanders of the Navy, whose promotion from temporary status has just been announced, will be held after August 1. All examina- tions hereafter will be held before supervisory boards in the naval di: tricts, and the reports from these boards will be passed upon by statu- tory boards sitting either at Wash- ington or at the Mare Island navy yard. The delay in these examina- tions 18 due.to the fact that the boards are still at work on the papers of 2,000 temporary and reserve offi- cers who took the recent examina- tion for transfer to the permanent Wavy. S. The distinguished service was awarded Rear Admiral A. §. Hal- stead, U. S. N.. June 29, by direction of the President, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished serv- ices while in command of the United States naval forces at Brest, Irance. The citation reads: “By his superior administration, sound judgment and splendid co-operation, he contribut- ed materially to the success achieved by the Army at the port of Brest, In the return to the United States of the American expeditionary forces.” Rear Admiral Halstead is a native of Pennsylvani He is at present stationed in San Francisco, Calif. where he is commandant of the 12t naval district. Manual for Supply Officers. The work of preparing a manual for supply officers is being gone over for final approval. After necessary changes have been made the manual ical examinations are to be forwarded - the dluhxfily 18 recurrent and originally | nation of naval reserve officers to be occurred prior to admission to the naval |thorough, whether for enrollment, re- service. Each case of this latter chars |enrollment, transfer to class 2, re- on of Col. A. J. McNab, | Owing -to reduction in the proposed the Rumanian government [R. O. T. C. a on for the fiscal trophy cup to Gen. Paul A.!year 1922, the duration of all Reserve did take place. © According to Chamberlain’s story it all took place in this wise: Toward following officers elected for the ensu- ing year: r, Col. J. R. Lindsay, cavalry; team captain, Maj.. J. G. threatening to throw a hand granade, Qirest ap will be referred to the various supply presented a officers. (Continued on Ninth Page.) - » [y