Diario las Américas Newspaper, January 17, 1958, Page 12

Inter - American News for English - Speaking peonle cesses THE AMERIBAS DAILY For a better understending between the Amosious a aeee_oo—orkeeeeeee 5th YEAR @ 4 3AN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managine #ditor Cc. Ww Vice ee 8. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice @resident Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Circ Mer SMITR President Publishea datly except Monday — Entered as second class matter at’ the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February 8. 1956. EDITORIAL LITERATURE PUBLIC Very regrettable is the HARMFUL TO MORALS fact that some commercial establishments, where persons of all ages go to do business, are allowed to sell books and magazines containing porno- graphic articles and photogr: ‘aphs, It is absurd, to say the least, that in the United States there are some laws tending to eliminate vice through severe prosecution, which in some cases even intervene in details which escape publi ic scandal, and that, on the other hand, there are no established measures, strict and effective, to combat the free and easy sale of pictures and written material incompatible with the most elementary norms of morality, even when they try to disguise them as works of scientific, technical or artistic type. In_ those publications and pictures, the main result is incitation of the senses, and outbursts of pa of all that which encourages Any person may have p ssion, as well as the exaltation delinquency. roof of this regrettable real- ity, only by visiting the above mentioned centers, in which they may see, ‘in the section corresponding to books and magazines, that kind of material which is so destructive of ethical values of society, in particular when it is placed within the reach of children and minors. ; It would be very convenient that the authorities in charge of enforcing measures as well as leaders of civic and to preserve public morality, cultural organizations, should increase their efforts to destroy once and for all this evil, so harmful for society, in th foundation, morality. Of course, by reason of at which should be its main their hierarchy and spiritual mission, religious leaders have to hold an important role in this labor of moral cleansing, as they are doing in most cases. In order to fight juvenile delinquency it is neccessary to strengthen, first of all, the foundation of public morals, and the evils must be cut off at their roots, and one of them, surely, is the type of refered in this short editorial literature to which we have note. That pornographic material, which, for reasons of monetary gain or demoralization, some insist on calling “scientific” or “artistic’ material, must not be left within the reach of children or teenagers. a, oa ee ee Latin American Firance and Trade News Reports U. S. Commerce Department on) Foreign Trade And Tariffs At least 4 1-2 million American families gain their living from U. S. foreign trade. foreigns spent more money for American goods than Americans spent for automo- biles last year. -they spent almost as much money for American goods as Americans themselves spent for clothes and shoes. . they spent more for American goods than Americans spent in building non-farm houses. These facts are among a wealth of information ahout U. S. foreign trade contained in four studies of | general interest to the public pub- lished by the Bureau of Foreign | Commerce, U. £ Department of Commerce, announces Marion A. Leonard, Manager, Miami Office. Reproduced in its WORLD TRADE INFORMATION SERVICE the first twc discuss the vital role of foreign trade in the U. S. eco- nomy and recent developments in the nation’s international commer- ce. In the second two, the Bureau of Foreign Commerce presents an analvsis of the U.S. tariff, includ- ing effects of changes in duty rates, and discusses problems in- volved in international compari- sons of tariff levels. According to the first of the re-| ports. an impressive list of non- agricultural industries rely heavily on export sales including ocean transportation; agricultural, min- ing, construction, metalworking, and other non-electrical machin- ery manufactures, motors and gen- erators, motor vehicles (especially trucxs) and other transportation equipment: iron and steel; non- ferrous metals manufactures; pe- troleum products; rubber pro- ducts. and coal. U. S. agriculture is especially dependen* on foreign markets, Between 25 and 40 per cent of U.S productiun of cotton, wheat, rice. fats and oils, and to- bacco is sold abroad. U S. foreign trade has expanded substantially in the last few years, according to the second of the stu- dies Following the letdown after the Korean war boom, nonmili- tary exports have expended rapid: ly. their total of $17.3 billion last year exceeding that of 1953 by 41 per cent. Imports also Te- gistered a noteworthy increase, ris- ing 16 per cem to $12.6 billion last year. : The third report, after recogniz- ing the extreme complexity of the U. S. tariff schedule, points “out that generally speaking, rates of duty on crude foodstuffs and raw or partly processed materials — Field | especially those unobtainable do- mestically or urgently needed by} U. S. industries — are admissible either duty free or at low tariff | rates, On the other hand, manufac- tured goods, including manufac. | tured foods and beverages, fall) mainly within the higher duty brackets, Discussing the difficultids of comparing the tariff levels of various countries, the fourth re- port in the series points out that even an identica! rate of duty on an identical commodity may have a very different significance as to its restrictive effect in different coun- tries. For detailed information on these WORLD TRADE INFORMA- TION SERVICE reports, advises Mr. Leonard. visit your Miami Field Office at 316 Post Office Building, 300 N. E. 1st Avenue. | Argentina Getting New U. S. Diesel Locomotives SCHENECTADY, New York — | (UP)— Alco Products, Inc., an- | nounced the first shipment of a new type of Diesel locomotive for State Railroads. Alco, which is the largest export- er of Diesel locomotives in the world, added that, out of an or- | der for 130 DL-540 locomotives, 16 have been sent from Schenectady since they began construction last month, The DL-540, 1,800 horse-power, is the export version of the newest type of engine which is used in the U. S. the DL-701, which has been in use in this country for two years, Both have the famous Alco 12 cylinder Diesel motor, model 251 The first 30 of the DL-540’s will be put into use on the D. V. Sar- miento railroad as part of a long term plan by the Argentine gov- ernment to modernize the coun- try’s railroads. Later deliveries of the engines will cover 55 units for the General Mitre Railroad and 45 for the Genral San Martin Rail- road, which will be sent to Argen- tina during this year. The locomotives have the dri- ver’s seat at the left, which is in accord with the type of railroad tracks and signals constructed by the British in Argentina. Subscribe to the Americas Duily all types of work, to the Argentine | U.S. Should Hemisphere MEXICO CITY. Jan. 16 (UP)— Adoifo Lopez Mateos, who will pro- | bably be the next President of Mé- xico in a very courteous manner, made observations of the U. S., | regarding her Latin American po- | licies. Adolfo Lépez Matoes told re- presentatives of the three large U. S. press agencies that the Latin American problem consists in that | the U. S. buys and sells at fixed | prices, set by the U. S. He said that the U. S. should en- courage production in Latin Ame- rica by setting better prices instead | of indefinitely granting loans. Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ HAITI — Coffee cultivation in Haiti was first undertaken in the early years of the 18th. century, when it was introduced from Mar- tinique by the Jesuit Fathers. The region initially cultivated was around Dondon, in the north. By the time of the Revolution in 1804, plantations had been greatly ex- tended and today coffee is grown in about 375,000 acres situated on the humid mountain slopes throughout the Republic. Most of the coffee areas are at an altitude of about 1,500 feet, but in some coastal regions, such as those around Cap Haitien and Port- de-Paix, on the northern coast, the plantations begin at sea level. For the most part, these consist of small patches of wild growth own- ed by Haitian citizens. However, since 1925, the “Service Nationale de la Production Agricola” has} been subsidizing coffee tree plant- ings in the country. | Between September 30, 1940 and September 30, 1943, about four million coffee trees were planted. In the districts surrounding Hai- ti’s numerous ports, the coffee is transported to the shipping point by truck or, if from the interior region lacking suitable roads, by burro. Small boats plying the coastal waters bring the coffee from the seacoast villages to the main ports where it is shipped abroad in 60-kilo bags. The coffee produced in Haiti is a good, mild type known as Cofea Arabica, which when properly pro- cessed, commands a_ premium price. Since 1933, a campaign has been underway to improve the ap- pearance of*the beans for the mar- ket. About 7,00 drying platforms of conerete or-masonry were con- structed by the government in sev- eral centers of production, and more than 2,000 portable drying trays were distributed. While the Government grating special be- producers with about 200 hand operated coffee pulpers, the plant owners were improving and | modernizing their plants. | Legislation was passed by the Government granting sepecil be- nefits to those plants, and fixing minimum standards for both the export and domestic trades. Still more strict regulations are con- templated in order to meet fully with the requirements of the Ame- | rican market, and to put Haiti | coffee on par with the coffee from | the chief producing countries. A cup-testing room is in operation at Port-au-Prince. Haiti has exported an average of nearly 60 million pounds of cof- fee annually for the last thirty years. The highest export year on record is 1918-19, when 108 mil- lion pounds were exported, while in 1943-44, a record low of 51 million pounds were shipped. Hai- ti’s traditional market for coffee has been France, which normally purchased about 70 per cent of the Haitian exports, not only for do- mestic consumption, but also for re-export to other European coun- tries, In the year 1936, however, through French denunciation of the trade convention existing be- tween the two countries, this ar- rangement broke down, and in 19- 36-37 France took only 20 per cent of the total, while Belgium purchased 23 per cent, and Italy and the United States 15 and 18 per cent, respectively. World War II brought about further changes, and in 1941-42, about 99 per cent of the exports of Haitian coffee came to the Unit- ed States; in 1942-43 this figure dropped to 91 per cent and) in 1943-44 to 87 per cent. By the terms of the Inter American Cof- fee Agreement of 1940, when vir- tually all European markets had disappeared, Haiti was assigned a basic quota of 275,000 bas, or 36,- 300,000 pounds, to be marketed in the United States. Ke Spanish Version Page 3 Change her Trade Policy Mexican Candidate Says Lopez is a candidate of the In- stitutional Revolutionary Party for the Presidency, which has not lost a single election for 40 years, The elections will take place on the 7th of June. Lopez added that the Inter Amer ican economic conferences have not as yet resolved anything and that they can not do so until the U. S. changes her policies in that which relates to commerce with | Latin America, He suggested that the U. S. should try to better understand the Latin American countries and try to-strengthen her friendly re- lations with them. He later said that Vice-President Nixon's visit ‘to Latin America in 1955, was “ a complete success” but that, in his way of thinking, these visits are too seldom and at too prolonged intervals, In refering to Hemispheric de- fense against foreign political and military agression, Lopez Mateos said that it will depend more on economic stability than on arma- ment. He added that México could defend herself without U. S. aid and said that “Latin America needs more economical power and not more military strength.” that it finds the best breeding ground in hunger but he thought that there was no communist threat in muxico. “There is no communist agita- tion in any of the Mexican labor unions and all of the extremists are well known and carefully watched.” From his stand point, the major danger of communist penetration is in the U. S. “Let us let the U. S. take care of herself, and we will take car of ourselves.” If he were elected, he said, there would be no changes in Mexican Foreign policies, and promised to maintain intact the economic poli- cies of free exchange and com- merce. Speaking of the Mexican oil in- dustry, he said that he dod not see the need for investments of foreign capital at this time, Speaking of communism, he said | MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, JANUARY 17, 1958 Batista Regime Condemned by Inter American Workers Group WASHINGTON, Jan, 16 (UP)— |The Executive Committee of the inter American Regional Organiza- tion of Workers (ORIT) ended a |three-day meeting today by pass- {ing a strong-worded resolution }eondemning the regime of Presi- dent Fulgencic Batista of Cuba for being a military dictatorship. The text of this resolution will |be made public later by Serafino Roumaldi, AFL-C10 Vice President for Inter American Affairs and a |member of the ORIT |Committee. It was learned, how- ever, that the Executive Commit- tee, over the objections of repre- | sentatives from the Confederation |of Cuban Workers (CTC), express- jed doubt that a free labor union could exist under the Government of President Batista, ORIT President Ignacio Gonzé- lez de Tellechea of Cuba, as well as Sergio Gonzalez, a Minister with- jout Portfolio in the Batista Gov- | Brazil contribute between four and ernment who headed a nine-man CTC delegation, opposed the reso- lution, The Cuban delegation con- tended that they have complete freedom to conduct labor uniorf affairs under the Batista regime. CHILE STUDYING PRADO DOCTRINE SANTIAGO, Chil (UP)— The |Senate Foreign Relations _Co- jmittee held a special secret ses- | sion to hear the report of Minister | Alberto Sepulveda, about the Pra- |do Doctrine, which, proposed by | Pert, suggests closer contact be- |tween the Organization of Ame- rican States, (OAS), and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, (NA TO). The Senators and Minister did jnot want to reveal any details |about what had been discussed at the meeting. WASHINGTON, Jan. 16 (UP)— The Council of the Organization of American States, (OAS), unani- mously approved.a resolution about the establishment of a scholarship exchange among American coun- tries. This resolution, which was pre- sented by Panamanian Ambassad- or Ricardo Arias, authorizes an annual grant of 500 scholarships among the American states and stipulates other details of the pro- gram, The program’s aim is to “expe- | dite and speed up social, economic, scientific, and cultural develop- ment in the organization’s mem- ber states.” | The program, whose $250,000 a year, would become ef- |year. The American Presidential | Representatives Committee recom- | mended the adoption of this pro- | gram in their meeting which was | held last April in Washington. | OAS Secretary General, José A. | Mora, will take charge of the ad- | ministration of the program jsercues elements of the division HEMISPHERIC EVENTS cost is | fective on the Ist of July, of this} OAS Council Approves Scholarships Exchange Among Hemisphere Nations of technical cooperation of the Panamerican Union, The Bolivian Alternate Delegate Mario Guzman Gelarza, objected to the stipulation that, in granting scholarships, the Secretary General should take into account the “fin- |ancial contribution to the pro- |gram” by the OAS member states. Guzman Galarza said that this ruling was not basically sound and jthat it could be interpreted to |mean that the country which gave the most financial contribution to the program was the one which would receive the most scholar- ships, nevertheless, he gave his ap- proving vote to the resolution. The contributions of the OAS member states was made on a per- centage basis on the same scale as | their contributions to the organiza- tion’s budget. Bolivia, Costa Rica, Panaméa, Pa- raguay, and Ecuador contribute |less than one per cent each to the |OAS annual budget, which is six |million dollars. Larger countries such as Venezuela; Argentina, and ten per cent each, The U. S. contributes 66 per cent of the total. Executive | Dr. Villeda Morales Calls for OAS-NATO Secretaries Meeting TETUCIGALPA, Jan. 16 (UP)— President Ramon Villeda Morales | recommended that the General Secretaries of the Organization of American States (OAS) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- tion (NATO), should meet in the near future to compare ideas, and that they should coordinate cer- tain programs of the two organiza- tions with the common aspects of both. The President stated: “the free world should not ben in its attitude toward the slave world, and free- dom is the should defend at all costs, because pattern of the nations would con- sist of a flagrant threat to institu- tional integrity and social well- being.” After saying that, under the pre- sent circumstances, he thinks that General Secretaries would be op- adds, nevertheless: “These organizations should jea- lously preserve their independence above all in their political-military aspects, those which for their transcendence, give marked atten- tion to the governments and the Directive Council of the respective organization.” OCAS Head Leaves for Belize Visit SAN SALVADOR (UP)— The Secretary General of the Organiza- tion of Central American — States, (OCAS), José Guillermo Trabani- no, left for Belize. The Public Relations Secretary of this organization says, in a bulle- tin, that “there will be important reports about his visit to that land which _legitimaty belongs to any exception in the democratic | this meeting of OAS and NATO} portune, following the proven in-| iciative of the U. S. delegation at | the recent Paris conference, he| AREQUIPA, Peri, Jan. 16 (UP) — This Andean ¢ity is without water today, as a result of violent carthguakes which yesterday rocek- ed a 375-mile strip of Peru’s Southern mountains, killing at least 21 persons and injuring 90, |authorities reported today. All water mains were broken by the earthquakes, Earth shocks were reported from the mountain city of Nazca in the north to village, in the Chilean border area of Southern Pert. conquest which it} The epicenter of the.quake was at~Mejia, a village about 60 miles southwest of Arequipa. Casualties and damage were especially heavy in this city, Peru’s second largest. Official sources reported 21 dead is expected to mount as reports trickle in from areas isolated by the quakes, Nineteen bodies were counted at the City Morgue Fully 70 per cent of the build- ings in Arequipa suffered some damage, and many structures in the ‘white city” district, which pre- dates the Spanish Conquest, were reduced to dust and rubble. Cornices and walls from build- ings put up duriag Spanish colonial days tumbled into the streets, causing -widespread panic. The tower of historic Mercy Church was weakened by the quake, and authorities cleared the area around it for fear that it may fall. “T felt a tremendous shaking of the earth,” an airport employe said “When I looked toward the center of the city, there was a big. cloud of dust arising from it.” Thousands of Arequipans slept in the open last night despite the chill that falls even in summer at this city’s altitude of nearly 8,000 feet above sea level. Some were afraid to sleep in their homes, and others had no homes to sleep in. In Lima, the government an- nounced the following plan for re- lief in Arequipa: Guatemala, and, therefore, to Cen- tral America, upon his return,” 1, Medical aid by sending doc- tors and medicines from Lima, + Member Inter American Press Association 5: For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidaritv NUMBER 164 Arequipa Without Water as a Result of Earthquakes That Killed 21, Injured 90 Andean City Suffers Heavy Damage: Peruvian Government Rushes Relief 2, Giving shelter to all victims ie all of the local available pla- ces and increasing the number of {tents and temporary shelters. 8. Food distr:bution, and allot- ment of milk and other foodstuffs, especially to chi'dren. It will also regulate the distribution of drink- ing water. 4. Rehabilitation through a stu- dy of the material damges in or- der to put an urgent rehabilitation | program into immediate use. New Discoveries About the Mayan Civilization UNITED NATIONS (UP) — “Correo,” the magazine of the United Nations Organization for education, science, and culture, has dedicated part of its Decem- ber issue to a detailed report about Mayan murals found at Bonampak, México. The murals, painted during the flourishing era of the Maya civiliz- ation in Yucatén, and Guatemala from the 4th to the 10th century of the Christian era, were discover- ed in 1946 by a photographer who was making a documentary picture of the life of an Indian tribe in the Chiapas State jungles, near the Guatemalan border. UNESCO stresses, among other things, that it has been proven that some archaeological opinions about the Mayas were unfounded, Before it was thought, for example that the Mayas did not make hu: aan sacrifices and were not war e, “The murals — says “Correo” — prove all to the contrary.” At the same time they reveal that women held @ more important position in that civilization than was formerly believed. RIO DE JANEIRO, Jan. 16 — (UP)— The noisiest apologies on Soviet industrial superiority here originate at the Russian trade agency “Torgbrass,” of Col. Eleu- terio Tito Lemos Do Canto and his partners, Klimenty and Vale- rian Odintsoff, Russian born fath- er and son who came here from Hong Kong with documents of the United Nations Refugee Office. The firm, formed with a capital of 200,000 cruzeiros, attracted at- tention last month with the offer | to the Military Club of 1,100 Rus- sian “Moskvitch” automobiles, at 32,000 cruzeiros each, which is sen- | sational” considering that 10year- old cars sell here for 100,00 cru- zeiros. It also offered Petrobras, the state oil monopoly, all the equipment it can use. And yester- day, the firm, which so far has not signed a single contract, proposed to the Government a Soviet-Bra- zilian trade and payments pact for the equivalent of 560 million dol- Jars, which would include Brazilian coffee, sugar, cocoa, cotton, wax, vegetable oils and fibres, tropical fruits, cattle, hides, and minerals, in exchange for Russian industrial equipment as well as petroleum and oil tankers. Do Canto said that to provide Russian technicians along with the equipment was up to the Brazilian Government. He believes the Eco- nomic Department of the Foreign Ministry is considering the offer. Torgbras has representatives in the principal Brazilian cities and contact with Russian trade agen- cies in South America, but, al- | Latin American News in Brief GUATEMALANS. WARN ABOUT RED PLOTS CIUDAD TRUJILLO. (UP)— A group of Guatemalan residents here warned that Guatemalan com- munists are plotting a coup d’etat for Jan. 15 to recapture power in the Central American country. The group is headed by Cpt. Roberto Gémez de Leén, formerly first Secretary to the, Guatemalan Embassy here and former aid to Col. Carlos Castillo Armas during the latter’s successful revolution against the communist-controlled |government of Jacobo Arbenz. President Castillo Armas was as- sassinated by a communist palace guard last July The Guatemalan group here call warned of the communist threat through the newspapers and the radio, the group said. A similar warning last Dec. 19 “delayed the coup originally planned for that date, they added, The Guatemalan grup here call themselves the "Movement for the Recovery of National Freedom”, MORROW DONATION MEXICO CITY, (UP)— The Na tional Museum of Anthropology was enriched today with a valuable collection of 48 pieces of art donated by the heirs of the late Dwight Morrow former U.S, Am- hassador to México. The presentation was made in a ceremony by U.S. Ambassador Robert C, \Hill on behalf of the donors. MEXICAN LABOR LEADERS VISITING THE U.S. MEXICO CITY. (UP)— Seven labor leaders from Nuevo Leén representing the Confederation of Mexican Workers, were en route to the United States today to study labor relations and union organi- zation there uader the auspices of the U.S. Office of Technical Cooperation, US. Ambassador Robert C, Hil) met with the contingent a the U.S. Embassy and wished them a good a trip. The workers will remain in the States three months to study the U.S, labor movement. PERONISTS BANNED BY CHILEAN GOVT, SANTIAGO, (UP). — Rumors were circulating in diplomatic eit. cles that Juan D Peron would ask for authorizatior to enter Chile, but the Assistant Secretary of For- eign relations, Alvaro Droquet, put an end to these rumors by stating to newspapermen that the govern- ment will not grant any visas to any Peronists. SEVEN KILLED IN ARGENTINE CRASH BUENOS AIRES (UP)— A plan crashed near Esquel, in the South- west of Argentina, and the seven passengers and crew members were all killed. The plane belong: ed to the Ministry of Agriculture. All those killed were Argentinians. COLOMBIAN GOVERNMENT AIMS AT DEMOCRACY BOGOTA (UP)— The Military Junta oook another step forward in in the formation of a government with representation of the two par- ties for nominating Liberal Gov- ernors. for four of the sixteen De- partments of the country. This is the first time in nine years that Liberal Governors have been nominated, which leaves also COL. NICKERSON TO STAY IN PANAMA WASHINGTON (UP)— The ‘White House has rejected a sug- gestion that Army Colonel John C. Nickerson, ocurtmartiafed army missiles expert, be called back from Panama to aid in the defense effort, a congressman said. Representative John C. Watts said the White House informed him it had carefully considered the matter but concluded it would be inadvisable to change Nickerson’s assignment. Nickerson was courtmartialed on charges in connection with the leak of a document airing Army views in a controversy about the merits of the Army’s Jupiter mis- sile, He was suspended in rank for a year and later transferred to a post in Panama. TREASURY TOUR MEXICO CITY (UP)— An offi- cial of the Treasury Department flew to Hermosillo on the first leg four Conservative Governors and four Military ones. of a fiscal inspection of the north- western states of México. Horacio Guiraud said he will in- Russia Offering Brazil Better Trade Terms Than the West, Do Canto Says. though the Odintsoffs have fre- quently gone to Buenos Aires, Do Canto says ‘he doesn’t know the Russian commercial group in that capital. He said, however, that he communicates regularly with the Russian Embassy in Montevideo, which, according to Brazilian anti- communists, is the South Ameri- can distribution center. of Soviet funds for communist agitators. ~ Do Canto said the Military Club rejected the autombobile offer, and he has received no answer about the other two. Do Canto, who is president of the company, declared that he is in business only to make money and that trade with the Soviets seems to be the best means to achieve it. Denying he has any political ideas, he stated he is not retired from the Army, and still is a professor of Engineering at the Agulhas Negras Military Academy. He explained that the main ad- vantages of trade with the Soviets are: = 1. The Russians accept payment in cruzeiros. ? 2. A trade pact would permit the Soviets to buy more Brazilian pro- | ducts. : 3. The Russians are ready to sell production equipment which “cap- italists do not want to sell to Bra- zil. _ 4. Direct trade would eliminate intermediaries and would reduce costs. Pointing out that in the offers of the western countries profits will be taken out of the country, Do Canto declared that the Rus- sian installations would be manag- ed by and for Brazilians. “Tt is logical — he said — that if the Russians can build a sputnik, they oan also build good ma- chines, And they are offering business under better conditions than. the West. I am a practical businessman. I will trade with any- one. And I believe that for it, the Russians are the best, until some- one else demonstrates he can of- fer something better.” t spect the Treasury Department of- fices in Sonora State, and will then continue to Sinaloa and Ba- ja California. f ; ’ ¢