Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 15, 1957, Page 18

uy { Inter - American News for English - Speaking people ‘ THE AMERICAS DAILY between the Americas Fer a better understencing 5th YEAR — eee G A SAN ROMAN c. W. SMITR 8. SMITR President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managine Fditor HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt & Cire Mer 1 apt ES Published daily except Monday — Entered as second Post Office of Miami Springs lass matter at the Fla on February 8 1950 eS TT EDITORIAL THE PARIS CONFERENCE The eyes of the world are now set on the international conference of the member states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which is taking place in the French capital. It is undeniable that the however, after the illness he extraordinary significance to presence of President Eisen- suffered recently, has given this meeting, in which very serious matters affecting the security of the democratic world are to be discussed. If this conference did not have vital importance, Eisen- hower, after his illness a few days ago, would not have gone to Paris, because, without doubt, the trip is more than an ef- fort, almost a sacrifice on the part of the President. However, the call of duty was supremely strong, and it was necessary for him to attend the historic meeting. This is the first conference of its kind after Russia demonstrated the great progress she has achieved in the field of possibilities for dominating the world. The launch- ing of two Soviet satellites into space, and everything that scientifically made it possible, has placed Russia in an ad- vantageous position — transitorily advantageous — in rela- tion to the rest of the world, and has opened, without doubt, a period of new unrest for all humanity. - of $4 million to be financed by the} The progress achieved by quences for the free world, onl, Russia may he of fatal conse- ly if it drowns itself in the sea of psychological confusion created by Soviet propaganda. But if, on the contrary, with a sense of reality, and thinking about the existing danger represented by Russian progress, the democratic nations, in particular those that as the sign- atories of the North Atlantic Treaty have a great military and political responsibility in the defense of the free world, continue coordinating their efforts to defeat Russia, that objective will be definitely achieved. Everything seems to indicate that in the Paris Confer- ence good judgment will prevail, in the sense of finding a formula to harmonize all the different interests and to eliminate all the resentment that recently has been noted among the great democratic powers, in particular in connec- tion with the problems ‘of the Middle East. Before a great danger, unity must assert itself. k ok Latin’ American Finance and Trade News Reports ARGENTINE .. TRANSPORTATI IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM Under the le§dership of Presi- dent Aramburu gArgentina is cur- rently eae a program to improve all traiMsportation media. An American ngineering firm recently completed planning a net- work of highwavs in the Province of Corrientes, as an adjunct to the national highway system. The com- pleted project, which now awaits financing will cost approximately $10 million Road building equip- ment at a cost of $2 million will | be the only import required for | the projeci. which has the approval | of both the Province and national authorities, In Buenos Atres, subway exten- sions are at the planning stage. Transportes de Buenos Aires re- cently signed a contract with Sie- mens of Germany for the construc- tion of a new subway at a cost of 110,300,000 pesos. and announced that’it is also studying a long-term | plan for subway expansion calling for the construction of some 80) kilometers of new subways, at a) cost of around & billion pesos. The Argentine State Railways re-| cently concluded an* agreement with General Electric for the pur- chase of fifty 1200 H. P. diesel. electric tocomodtives at a cost of! $8,250,000. The ~ Export-Import | Bank will finenee 80 per cent of! the purchase price and the rest| will be on.ered:t extended by Gen-| eral Electric. This contract com- pletes the acquisition of the 200 diesel electric locomotives financed by the Export-Import Bank credit granted in 1956 Earlier, the Ar- gentine State Railways had con- tracted for 120 diesel electric lo- comotives from the American Lo- General Electric Also, Westinghouse Air-Brake Corporation was awarded a con- tract for 8000 compressed air brak- ing units ‘or the Railways at a cost Export-Import Bank credit. ARGENTINA SIGNS AGREEMENTS ON TRADE AND DEBTS Argentine and 12 European na- tions have iust signed agreements creating the “Pris Club” multilat- eral trade and payments system. Representatives of Great Britain, France, West Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Austria, the Ne- therlands Italy Switzerland, and the Belgium-Luxemburg economic union signed with Argentina elev- en trade and payments agreements, ard five egreements on the con- solidation of the Argentine debt. The total Argentine debt ot Eu- rope of $441 million is consolid ed and made payable in 50, 55 and 60-million dollar. yearly _ install- ments over a 10-year period. Kw ® ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN GUATEMALA Net gold and dollar reserves in Guatemala, which have been rising continuously since 1955, reached record levels in 1957, The improve- ment reflects not only the eco- nomic aid extended by the United States but also ‘he increase in earn- ings from coffee exports. While :mports rose sharply dur- ing the first sjx months of 1957, most of the increase was in machin- ery and equipment required for public and private investment pro- grams. Industrial output in the first five months of the year -was about 12 per cent more than that for the same period in 1956. The increase was mainty in the production of prepared foodstuffs, particularly coffee, sweets, flour,, and soap. Hower, production of shoes, tex- tiles, cement, construction ma- terials, and electric power output also registered an increase. The rise in industrial production results in large measure from the many legs, measures taken by the Government to stimulate industrial activity,. particularly the Industrial Promotion Law, which grants’ the Executive the power to give tax concessions and exemptions in or- der to promote the expansion of industrial capacity and output. The increase has also been stimul- ated by financing industrial activi- ties through the Institute for the Promotion of Production, According to a study made by the Ministry of Economy, in little more than 2 1-2 years 27 U. S. busi- ness firms mostly oil companies, have established subsidiaries in Guatemala with a total authorized capital of nearly $32 million, At present, 39 oi! exploration rights’ have been gran‘ed by the Govern- ment under the 1955 Petroleum Code. Expenditures on exploration are expected to be between $10 and $14 million this year, a con- siderable increase over the $2.5 million for 1956 The Nation’s Monetary Board ap- proved the creation of the Banco Ge Prevision, 5S A., a capitaliza- tion bank and the eighth private bank to operate in Guatemala. It will have a capital of $400,000, of which $100,000 has already been paid, Fiscal revenue increased to $81.- $ million in 1956, from $12.4 mil- lion in 1939 In the same 17-year period, Guatemala’s population in- creased from 21 million to 3. 3. million, and fiscal revenue per cap- ita rose from $5.70 to $22.45, Gov- ernment spending increased from 8 million in 1939 to $103.5 mil- iton in 1956, a per capita increase of from 4.07 to $30.89, WIN PENDLETON MISSILE. FIZZLE JITTERS — ‘The smoke had hardly settled at Cape Canaveral after the world re- nowned “misfire,” before Senator Holland pointed his finger at the three mistakes he says the Depart- |, ment of Defense has made in our missile program. (1) He said it was unwise to divide the program between the three military ser- vices and let them fight and com- what. (2) He said that those in au- ; thority should not have allowed | themselves to be pushed into this | hasty and unwise experiment by | gossip and criticism both here and | overseas. (3) He thinks we show- } ed a “ridiculous departure” from our previous sound approach to the satellite launching program. “The sooner we get over our case of the jitters,” he said, “and get back to a basis of mature thinking on the satellite and the guided missile programs, the sooner we will regain our lost self respect in these two fields.” Holland said that the need ‘for unification in our Armed Services is so urgent, that if the Executive Department does not take some action ,to bring it about, he is sure the next Con- gress certainly will. MORE ARMY TO JAX — The | move is on to get the newly or- ganized Army 4th Corps head- quarters station in Jacksonville. Leader of the drive is Congress- man Charlie Bennett. He says the | Corps should include Florida, | | Georgia, North and South Caro- | lina. “With 3rd Army __head- quarters in Atlanta, Jacksonville | is the logical place for the Corps | headquarters,” Bennett said. | | | | To push his idea, he made an| after-hours call one evening last | week on Secretary of the Army Wilbur M. Brucker in his Penta- gon office. No promise was forth- coming, but Brucker told Bennett that he was “sympathetic” to his approach, Final decision won’t be made until after plans for the new 4th Corps organization have been completed. As he was leaving Brucker’s of- fice, the Secretary asked Bennett to deliver two messages for him. “First,” Brucker said, “is a word of good cheer to my old school- mate who now lives in Jackson- ville, Robert S. Seitner.” (Chair- man of the Jacksonville Chamber ot Commerce Committee ‘on Milit- ary Affairs.) “We went to school together in Michigan when we were b_,s, The other message is to a sweet little lady that I met at a dinner in New York when she was being honored as Florida’s ‘Mother of the Year.” (Congressman Ben- nett’s mother, Mrs. Roberta Ben- nett, of Jacksonville was named “Mother. of the Year” for 1957.) ELEVEN INCHES DEEP — We never saw so much snow. It is al- most impossible to get anywhere in Washington. In the first place, people here don’t know how to drive — even on bright sunny days. And when it snows, they seem to throw up their hands in despair. They spin their wheels and skid sideways. This stalls traf- fic. The folks behind them sit in their cars with heaters, defrosters, windshield wipers and radios turn- ed on. Batteries run down. Cars | run out of gas. Tempers get short. And traffic’ stands still. Worst tr“fie jam here was 12 miles long. A trip that usually takes thirty minutes — took three hours the day of the snow. Now the snow has stopped falling. Most of the streets have been sanded or scraped. But, the snow is still in our yard. Ele- ven inches deep. It keeps haunting us. It reminds us that we still had better have our head examined. Anybody should know better. Sit- ting here “snowbound” when we should be “Florida bound.” But that’s the way it goes — “next year” we always say. Even though we don’t do anything about it — pete over who was going to do| MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1957 WASHINGTON, D. C. — Cuba of ratification of the Convention of Havana, regarding the rights and duties of the States in case of internal political struggles iw the nations composing the Inter Am deposited recently the instruments erican System. In the photo, taken during the ceremony of presentation of the documents at the Pan CUBA RATIFIES CONVENTION AT THE AMERICAN UNION American Union Building, are from left to right: Dr. José T. Barén, Cuban Ambassador to the Council of the Organization of American States; Dr. Eduardo Augusto Garcia, of Argentina, President of the OAS’ Council, and José A. Mora, the Organization. (Photo PAU). New Honduran | Supreme Court TEGUCIGALPA, (UP)— The, Constituent Assembly elected at-| torneys Salvador Zelaya, José Pi- neda Gomez, Ramén Valladares, Francisco Caceres Bendafa and Mario bustillo, as Judges of the Su- preme Court. Attorneys Jerénimo Sandoval, Samuel Dacosta Gémez, and Carrlos Zifiga, were elect- ed alternate judges. In the same session, attorneys Francisco Mill4é Bermtidez, José Maria Mejia Arellano, and: Juan | Miguel Mejia, were elected as De- | signates to the Presidentcy of the Republic. Lt. Col. Oswaido Lopez was elected Chief of the Armed Forces, f of Uruguay, Secretary General of “Buy More From Mexico’, Ambassador Robert Hill Urges U. S. Businessmen WASHINGTON, Kellogg Credit Corporation Chicago, a subsidiary of of Interna- | tional Telephone and Telegraph |anty program, insures that pay- | Corporation, has obtained a U. S.| ments on the loan will be: conver- ; Government guaranty to protect a/tible into dollars. loan investment of $4.5 million in Pert. México Announces MEXICO CITY. (UP)— The Ci- vil Pensions Bureau announced | plans for the construction next year of 15 housing projects worth about $16.000.000 to accommodate | more than 25.000 persons. The fifteen “multifamiliares” to be constructed in México City and other population centers will be| an important step in the solution of México’s acute low-cost hous- ing shortage, officials said, Recent measures adopted by the Federal Government call on all federal agencies with investment funds to provide a certain amount of the tonstruction of housing pro- jects for their employees. Thus, the petroleum industry, the Mexican Institute of Social Se- curity, the nationalized railways, the Communications Department and other dependencies are en- gged in the building of “multifami- liares” where apartments are rent- ed to employees or their families at very low prices, A recent law also calls on in- surance and investment companies to assign a certain amount of their funds to the building of low-cost homes and apartments. Low-cost housing is one of the most urgent problems facing Me- xican authorities in view of the itte construction done in the past few years and the increase in po- pulation, whicn grows at the rate of almost one million persons a year, it really does make us homesick. Argentine Meat Packers Strike BUENOS AIRES. (UP)— About 12,000 workers of the Swift and Armour Packing plants declared an indefinite strike. The packing plants are in Be- risso, near La Plata. The strikers demand the free- dom of the head of their union, Reinaldo Aberastegui, who was ar- rested during the riots which oc- curred in Luna Park. The riots happened after the Peronist meeting which was held at this site. The Authorities arres- ted 26 persons in all, MEXICANS EXPECTING GOOD COTTON CROP MEXICO CITY, (UP). — The 1957-58 Mexican cotton crop will amount to 1,900,000 bales with an estimated value of $240,000,000, the Federation of Cotton Growers estimated today The Federation said prospects are good as the bale is sold for between $120 and $126. Cotton picking has been com- pleted in the cotton growing re- gions of Tamaulipas, Sinaboa and Sonora and is nearing completion in the Mexicali, Chihuahua and La Laguna regions, the Federation said, The Federation estimated that $115,000,00, will be exported of $115,000,000, wil be exported of the 1957-58 crop, Huge Construction Plan of Low Rent Housing Next Year The civil pension bureau report- ed that to date it has invested more than $12.000.000 in 12 hous- ing projects, seven of which are in the federal district and five in outlying regions, be These 12 community-type living | quarters contain 3.642 apartments that house some 18.210 Persons, “The new projects will have a wider range of public services, which will be improved one hund- red percent” Bureau officials said, | -ROJAS PINILLA. GOES TO CANARY ISLANDS MADRID. (UP)— Colombia ex President, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, left for Las Palmas, in the Canary Islands, where he plans to re- side permanently. Rojas Pinilla and his wife arriv- ed from New York, where they had been visiting after a short stay in the Dominican Republic. The Canary Islands are on the west coast of Africa, and are semi- tropical. Well informed sources in’ this city said that Rojas Pinilla has decided to establish perthanent re- sidence in Las Palmas. They also say that the Colombian ex Pres- ident has bought a house there, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief D. C. = The} U. S. Government Gives Guaranty for Investment in Peruvian Firm The guaranty, issued by the In- ternational Cooperation Adminis- | tration under its investment guar- { | The Kellogg Credit Corporation which is engaged in financing ‘and| |modernization of. telephone com | panies, made the $4.5 million loan to Compafia Peruana de Telefé- | Ros Limitada, to enable the Peru- |vian company to purchase tele- {phone equipment and modernize {its telephone system in Lima and) sourrounding areas. Service will be | provided to 38,000 additional sub- seribers, The expansion program is regarded as a significant step in improving communications in Pe- ru and laying the*groundwork for future economic development. Under the ICA guaranty, if Kel- logg Corporation should be unable to convert Peruvian loan pay ments into dollar through regular foreign exchange channels, the U. S. Government would privide the dollar exchange. The U. S, com- pany is thus assured that. payment of interest and principal during} the life of the contract will be| available in dollars, A guaranty of this nature is one of three kinds offered by ICA as a} means of encouraging private U, S. investments abroad. Other types cover loss by expropriation and loss resulting from damage or destruction of physical plant, equipment and facilities’ through war. More than 35 countries, in- cluding Pert, row have guaranty agreements with the United States, covering one or more of the var- ious types of guaranties. To qualify for guaranties, a pro- posed U. S. investment project re- quires the approval of the foreign government and. in addition, the U. S. Government requires that the project will aid the economic or trade development of the coun- try concerned. An annual fee si milar to an insurance premium is charged by ICA. The Federation said the Mexicali) which wil! go into operation Jan. “|region has been specially hit by hy the sales of U.S. cotton abroad and still has 100,000 bales of cotton which it has not been able to place in world markets. However, hopes were expressed that this amount will be sold soon. MEXICAN GOVT, TO GET AUTO IMPORT DUTIES MEXICO CITY, (UP) Government down on an estimated 200,000 automobile owners who have not paid import duties on their cars. President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines signed a bill creating the National Automobile Registry, Treasury Minister Antonio Ca- trillo Flores said the registry, —The is going to crack 1, 1958, will reveal those owners who have not paid import duties. “They will now have to pay Federal taxes or their cars will be impounded” the Minister said, MEXICG SHOWS RECORD BUDGET MEXICO CITY, (UP)—Official figures show that the present Me- xican Administration would have spent a total of $2,960 million when it comes to an end Nov. 30, 1958 after. six years’ in power. This is more than the total spent by. the. three prevoius government of Lazaro Cardenas, Manuel Avila Camacho and Miguel Al which totalled less+tthan WASHINGTON, Dec. 14. (UP)— Robert C. Hill, U.S. Ambassador in México, urged U.S. businessmen to buy more from México, “which is one of the true friends of~ the United States in these troubled times”, He pointed out that México is the country which buys more-man- ufactured products from the Unit- ed States, and therefore, “we should treat them well when they want to sell their products to us”. Hill spoke during a banquet of- fered to him by the Washington Chamber of Commerce. Hill expressed the hope that Congress will be sympathetic when Mexican sugar producers request a larger quota in the U.S. market. México and the United States, he said, have forgotten any dif- ferences that may have existed in the past. “Now they march across the same path, hand in hand, and their relations are based on mutual respect and common interest”. He ‘revealed that since the mo- ment he shook hands with Mexi- can officials, he realized that “for- mality and protocol had been left behind”. “Since I arrived there —he con- tinued— I had evidence that the Mexican people are mature and cordial. They deserve our respect and admiration”. Réferring to the “dignity, kind- ness and great character” of the Mexican people, he mentioned their reaction during the recent earthquake, which cost that coun- try millions of dollars. “I walked through streets shortly after the earthquake, and estimated that at least four months would be re- quired to return:to normal —he said— but I was mistaken. In three days the city returned to normal and they did it without any help from us”, JAPA PLEASED WITH NEW NICARAGUAN PRESS LAW NEW YORK (UP)—The Inter American Press _ Association (IAPA) reported today that it is waiting for the final step on the new. Nicaraguan Press law, which was approved already by the Chamber of Deputies. IAPA’s manager, James Canel, said that the organization is glad about the approval of the bill by the Chamber, and that it does not doubt that the Senate will take a similar step soon. fo Ruiz Cortines made possible Government programs to increase farm production, further the coun- try’s industrialization, boost the purchasing power of the working classes, increase employment and “create a climate of prosperity and wellbeing.” CENTRAL OFFICE’ TO BUY COFFEE GUATEMALA. Guatemala’s Central Coffee Office will buy Gua- temala’s total coffee production by private growers that exceeds the quota allotted to Guatemala by the Mexico City agreement. Since Guatemala’s export quota was fil- two on dollars in 18 years. Officials said increased Govt, expenditures under president Adol led. last ‘week, the Central Coffee Office is especially favorable to the small producer. osteeecntnsioesninisicneaiasasinonnilie ; Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 138 The Release of Ex-President Guizado We said in a recent commen- tary that the release from: pri- son of former Panamanian Pres- ident, Engineer José Ram6én Guizado,,was mandatory, and just as we said —he was releas- ed— after Rubén Oscar Miré, on whose first statements President Guizado was impeached and sentenced to six years in prison, was declared innocent by a con- scientious jury of the assassina- tion of President Remén. As it may be recalled, in the first days of January 1955, At- torney Rubén Oscar Miré, during questioning at the Headquarters of the National Guard, confes- sed he had fired the weapon that killed President: Remén on Jan- uary 2nd that same year at the “Juan Franco” Race Track, and that the person who by. consti- tutional right had succeeded him in the Presidency, was his. ac complice or his harborer. As soon as these statements were made, which Miré later re- jected claiming he was “pressed” into saying them, and after cer- tain politicians tried to force Guizado to resign from the Pres- idency, which he refused to do, National Guard troops surround- ed the private residence of the Chief of State and thus, from the status of President of the Re- public, plunged him into that of a prisoner. At the moment of the arrest, no order had been received from any competent au- thority for the imprisonment of the President of the Republic. However, this was physically pos- sible and it was done. Later, the National Assembly rapidly proceeded with Guizado’s trial on the basis of the first statements made by Miré, in the sense that the jailed President had participated with him in Re- mén’s assassination. That was how, in a more or less blitzkrieg trial, the “accomplice” was con- vieted before the accused assas- sin had been found guilty. it is opportune to point out that the person who for reasons of constitutional erder followed Guizado in the Presidency of the Republic, did not show any in- terest in the removal and im- prisonment of his predecessor of a few days before, to whom he is related by family ties. Don Ricardo Manuel Arias Espinosa, present Ambassador from Pana- ma in Washington, became the Chief of State as a constitution- al contingency and not as the result of his intriguing. All. that is related to the crime itself and its following process, is surrounded by a chain of confusing events that all Pana- m4 regrets —except the ones truly guilty perhaps— because at least until now it has left un- punished an act that determined the death of a President who was discharging his government in a democratic way and who, anxious to lead his country toward pro- gress, was doing every effort to obtain the revision vf the Canal Treaty with the United States. It would be rather interesting if someone in Panama capable of doing so, with an objetive in mind, with calm and patriotic impartiality, without any politi- cal intentions, would ‘write a book exposing the main roots of these confusions, and the errors committed in-this process, whe- ther they were committed by created interests, in good faith, by ignorance, by malice, or per- haps by the lack of experience in handling a case without pre- cedent in he history of the Na- tion. This would be a book that, bringing out the truth, or a large part of it, would be very healthy for Panamé, with orientations for the present and for the fu- ture. U. S. Trying to Force ‘Him Out of Guatemala ex Minister Declares GUATEMALA, Dec, 14. (UP)— Guillermo Toriello, Foreign Min- ister in the cabinet of Jacobo Arbenz, said the U.S. Embassy is pressuring the Guatemalan Gov- ernment to expel him from the Toriello returned toGuatemala last September. He had left the country when the Arbenz Govern- ment was overthrown by. the move- ment headed by the late Col. Car los Castillo Armas. The ex Minister said a high of- ficial had offered him a deal; the return of his properties, valued in more than $600.000, if he left the country. . - ‘a _ The high official, Toriello added, also told him that he was being pressured by, the U.S. Embassy ta force him to leave country,